JULY 26. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
ficluirtt autj fctieiL 
FRUIT GfiOWESS’ SOCIETY OF WEST¬ 
ERN NEW YORK. 
Discussions at the Summer Meeting at Syracuse, Juno 
1.7th and E8th, 1856. 
We have already published a report of the 
Summer Exhibition of this Society, but have 
been obliged to defer the notes of the discus¬ 
sions by the members, longer than we had in¬ 
tended. The importance of the topic discussed, 
•will render it interesting to a large body of our 
readers. 
The meeting was called to order at 2)£ 
o’clock by H. P. Norton, Esq., of Brockport. 
A committee was appointed to prej are business, 
and the following subjects proposed for discus¬ 
sion : 
CULTIVATION OF THE STRAWBERRY. 
1. Best varieties lor cultivation in Western 
New York by amateurs, and for market. 
2. Best mode and season for planting. 
3. Best soil and manures. 
4. Best mode of management. 
5. Cost of production. 
The Chair requested some of the members 
present t« open the discussion, anti suggested 
that one of the gentlemen who had recommend¬ 
ed the above subjects should offer some remarks. 
P. Barry said he would propose Barr's New 
Pine as one of the best varieties for amateur 
cultivators. 
J. J. Thomas proposed The Hooker. 
W. P. Townsend — The Genesee. 
Geo. Newland — The Pyramidal Chilian. 
P. Barry thought that members should state 
their objections to the different varieties as 
they were introduced. The last-named variety 
was not in his opinion sufficiently known. If 
any one has objections to advance, they should 
be fully stated. 
J. J. Thomas —I desire to mention a few facts 
in relation to the “Hooker” strawberry, which 
most of us have had an opportunity of examin¬ 
ing within the past few days. It first came 
under my notice at an informal meeting of this 
Society last year, at Rochester, when we exam¬ 
ined many varieties of Strawberries; and the 
past week it was tested by the Fruit Committee 
at the Exhibition of the Genesee Valley Hort. 
Society. It had been examined in comparison 
with all the other sorts which were there ex¬ 
hibited, with a favorable result. It had been 
tasted with Burr's New Pine, and was esteemed 
•by one as superior in flavor, while two thought 
there was no essential difference. On the 
whole, it was thought to be fully equal in qual¬ 
ity, but larger and much more productive. I 
consider it a very fine strawberry, and likely 
to become a favorite variety. 
P. Barry—l should like to hear Mr. Hooker 
as to the hardiness of the plants, and other 
points of importance upon which no one but 
the originator would be likely to be informed. 
II. E. Hooker —I have tested this strawberry 
for four years. Although I have raised many 
seedlings, yet I think few of them superior to 
the old sorts, and I am much opposed to the 
unnecessary multiplication of varieties not 
better than our old ones. Out of a large num¬ 
ber of plants only two were thought worthy of 
being retained. A few plants were given to 
Mr. Matthews for trial, without any comments, 
as I was anxious to have it fairly tested. The 
others I planted at my father’s place. The 
plants have proved hardy and of a vigorous 
growth; they are also very productive, more 
so than any other variety, and this without ex¬ 
tra cultivation. It proves in my estimation 
decidedly superior to many other sorts growing 
in the same situation and with the same care. 
I cannot say that it is always larger than Ho- 
vey’s Seedling, but is superior to any large 
berry in quality. As the fruit does not all 
ripen at the same time, it may prove more use¬ 
ful to amateurs than for marketing, as market 
cultivators desire to have as much as possible 
ready for market at one time. With rich soil 
and sufficient moisture it will continue in sea¬ 
son much longer than most others. It is not so 
well suited for marketing as Rival Hudson, 
Crimson Cone, and similar varieties, as it is more 
tender and will not bear transportation. Its 
flavor would not compare with that of Burr’s 
New Pine. A disadvantage attended some va¬ 
rieties of weak growth, and those that required 
fertilization by other sorts, in the hands of care¬ 
less cultivators got mixed ; the result is that 
the staminate variety runs the other out. This 
being a perfect berry will require no staminate 
to fertilize it, and thus avoid this difficulty. 
W. P. Townsend had seen the berry at the 
grounds of H. E. Hooker &. Co., and thought it 
superior to ten or twelve other varieties growing 
there. 
J. J. Thomas thought that with the same 
treatment it would prove equal in size to Ilovey's 
Seedling. 
IK. P. Toicnsend, Lockport—I would propose 
the “ Genesee." I may state that my personal 
experience has not been extensive, but have de¬ 
cided to extend its cultivation. The fruit is of 
good size, produced on strong footstalks; it is a 
staminate variety and a very strong growing 
plant, increases itself rapidly, and is in my 
opinion a very desirable sort. 
Geo. Newland, Palmyra—I have named the 
Pyramidal Chilian a* a variety worthy of culti¬ 
vation. Am much pleased with the Hooker, as 
it appears to me to possess the right qualities. 
Barr's New Pine is finest as regards flavor, but 
it lacks in other points; it is very difficult to 
retain it, as it is run out by other varieties, 
which careless persons allow to mix with it. 
The beds of Barr's Pine have been very poor 
this season ; though not a good variety for mar¬ 
ket, it may be for amateurs. I have specimens f 
of the Chilian here ; it is not so well known to 
most cultivators as some of tire other varieties ; 
it is of as good flavor as any variety except i 
Burr's Pine. It is a perfect variety, requiring 
no fertilizer, bears well-developed fruit, and a i 
large crop ; have cultivated it for six years; it ] 
is a good grower and easily cultivated, with fine i 
flavor, a little more tender than some others, i 
not so good for market as for amateurs—though, : 
if well cultivated, would make a good market < 
berry. l 
Jos. Frost —I think the Large Early Scarlet 1 
one of the best varieties. It is very useful i 
when cultivated for the pdaDts, as it increases f 
rapidly, and is superior to many varieties when < 
cultivated for marketing. We have cultivated ' 
the Genesee for four years, and cannot say that 
it has proved itself very productive ; the fruit, 1 
is handsome, and of good size. Burr's Neio t 
Pine is object ionable, as it is not easily retained i 
and is frequently lost. i 
R. R. Scott —Had an opportunity last season 
of observing a bed of the Genesee under ordina- t 
ry treatment, and it had proved very product- f 
ive, more so than most other varieties under 
similar circumstances, and had been remarked t 
by many on this account. That bed had been f 
removed the present season, but in another part $ 
of the grounds it had proved exceedingly pro- I 
ductive and fine. ; 
Dr. Sylvester —Did not wish it to be under- t 
stood that Burr’s Pine was inferior, as might be 
supposed from the remarks that had fallen ; he t 
had picked 18 quarts at one picking from a bed ( 
10 feet by 20. The berries may not be as large , 
as others, but it produces well under proper 
cultivation. He had used a solution of soda to , 
water—with two pounds of soda to a barrel of \ 
water; this he used regularly, unless in wet | 
weather. s 
J. J. Thomas —Remarked that it is well to . 
understand the peculiarities of each variety, as , 
some which were exceedingly productive on ( 
very rich soil failed on other soils. I 
Geo. Newland —Had nothing to say against I 
Burr's Pine; he was rather in its favor, but for < 
its difficulty of cultivation ; it could never be ( 
cultivated on poor soil; it required rich soil, 
well supplied with manure. Jenny's Seedling 
was much superior in vigor, and of good flavor. < 
II. E. Hooker — Thought Hovey's Seedling i 
should not be overlooked as an amateur variety, i 
as none will prove so great an ornament to a 
table as a fine dish of Ilovey’s Seedling. 
Chas. Hooker —Named the Scarlet Melting as 
a desirable sort; it was hulled easily, not very 
acid, and one of the pleasantest for general use. 
A. Stone —Had not much experience with va¬ 
rieties, but considered Moyamcnsivg as one of 
the best he had seen ; if any one knew more of 
this variety he would like further information. 
R. R. Scott—Had known the Moyamensing 
since its introduction ; it received the prize for 
the best seedling at a stated meeting of the 
Penn. Hort. Society,aud has since proved itself 
one of the best piue-flavored strawberries; is 
of a rich dark color, large and productive. 
Geo. Newland —Remarked that much confu¬ 
sion arose from the cultivation of spurious vari¬ 
eties instead of the true ones. He stated that 
the Hovey’s Seedling that had been so much 
praised at Cincinnati, was not the Ilovey'sSeed¬ 
ling of Mr. Hovey , but a spurious variety, though 
much superior. He proceeded to detail items 
of conversation touching this point, which were 
not deemed useful or appropriate in connection 
with this branch of the discussion. 
P. Barry —Thought the Bush Alpine Straw¬ 
berries very desirable for amateurs; producing 
fruit during the entire season, they take up but 
. little space, and may by attention to watering 
be made to lurnish a dish of fruit at almost any 
time of the season. 
J. J. Thomas —Had known the Bush Alpines 
for twenty-five years; bad seen the fruit on the 
table the first week in December,yet he differ¬ 
ed with his friend P. Barry as to their utility. 
As they produce no runners, they could only be 
propagated by divisions and seeds; they cease 
bearing in the summer season, unless specially 
j attended to, arid on the whole are but small 
affairs. 
Br. Sylvester —Though the berries are small 
and few of them, yet as they may be obtained 
late in fall, and even after severe frosts by the 
use of a pane, they were desirable. He thought, 
there was a great amount of trouble for a small 
quantity of fruit, but they were esteemed by 
some amateurs more than any other variety. 
P. Barry —Mr. Thomas had treated his fa¬ 
vorite with considerable sarcasm ; he was sorry 
they were thought so little of; he would uot 
recommend them to careless cultivators, for 
with such the best things proved worthless ; he 
meant for the amateur’s garden only. In the 
vicinity of Par s acres of thise were grown 
from seed, and bi ought to market. That they 
were popular, there could be no douht, as thou¬ 
sands of plants were annually ordered. 
II. E. Hooker —It, is with ever-bearing stiaw- 
berres as with ever-hearing raspberries, of 
which he had become quite tired ; they were 
ever bearing, yet never bearing. He would rath¬ 
er have a sort upon which he could depend for 
a good supply when wanted, and not to be dis¬ 
appointed always; for himself, he had discarded 
the Bush Alpines. 
BEST STRAWBIERIF3 FOE M<RKET. 
Br. Sylvester —Proposed the Hovey’s Seedling 
for those who understood its proper cultivation. 
J. J. Thomas —Proposed that a vote should 
he taken on the varieties recommended, in or¬ 
der to show the sense of the meeling. 
Br. Sylvester —The Hovey’s Seedling had 
been represented as a poor bearer by some who, 
from ignorance or neglect, failed to treat it 
pioperly. It was a pure pistillate, and the 
great error was in failing to plant a purely 
staminate or barren variety as a fertilizer. He for market. He had planted the Large Early 
knew this theory would not suit many of those Scarlet. Black Prince and Ilovey’s Seedling. He 
present, yet he adhered to it, and would not bad tried a strong gravelly loam, and found the 
discuss the question but on this basis. He plants produced more vines than fruit; this was 
maintained that any other than a purely stand- also the result on low ground. Good crops were 
ertoic 3ttu, &c. 
LIST OF PATENTS, 
nate was unfit for the purpose. Such a variety obtained on clay soil, well underdrained with f»*«ed from ihe United state* office for the 
had been used by him, a variety perfectly bar- tiles. He had cultivated as many as fifty-five week ending- July s, i»5«. 
ren, or so much so as only to bear a few imper- varieties. They were planted three and a half solomnn Andrews, Perth Amboy improved ™diocb 
feet fruit. He could show specimens of such feet apart, and twenty inches apart in the row. 
flowers. Hovey's Seedling with him had produ- The horse cultivator was used. One crop he 
ced two bushels from a piece of ground twenty 
feet square, or at the rate of three hundred 
found more profitable than four or five, so that 
after bearing, the old vines were plowed in and 
bushels to the acre. As an essential condition new plantations made. He thought strong clay pun ?'“ e8 ■ iiaz,n > Cant ° D > Mass., improvement in rotary 
in the cultivation, he placed the use of purely soils were best when drained, and would prefer Horace Billings, Beardstown, Ill, improvement inroofiDg 
staminate plants ; he would, however, only re- sand to manure for such soils ; he used salt and & R Paterson, Green Castle, Ind., imnrove- 
commenditto those who understood its culti- ashes, both leached and unleached. It was ment in brick machines. 
vation. cheaper to renew the plantations than keep the yic*-!' Un ' lilo ' vn ’ Yeilow Springs, Ohio, an improved 
P. Barry —It was absurd to stale that a straw- old ones clear of weeds. Large fruit brings no Wm. M.Booth and .lamps H. Mills, Bufialo. tmprove- 
week ending; July 8, 1856. 
Solomon Andrews, Perth Amboy, improved padlock. 
Robert Ft. Armitage, Philadelphia, improved method for 
extiniruGhir# fires. 
Henrv Bariinger, Berry, 111., improved machine for tm- 
set tin a: fires. r 
H. B. Barber, of Scott, N. J., improved method of draw¬ 
ing water from wells. 
James A. Buzin, CantoD, Mass., improvement in rotarv 
pumps. 3 
Horace Billings, Beardstown, Ill, improvement in roofimr 
cement. ° 
E. Braman & R Paterson, Green CaRtle, Ind., improve- 
vation. cneaper to renew me plantations man Keep me 
P. Barry —Itwas absurd to stale thatastraw- old ones clear of weeds. Large fruit brings no 
berry was good for those who knew bow to cul- better price than small. Prefers early spring 
tivate it, as it was presumed that men engaged for making extensive plantations. Does not 
in this business understood what they were recommend mulching, as a covering of leaves 
for making extensive plantations. Does not ID *w°p.Trt Byron*)' 
Wm. M. Booth and James H. Mills, Buffalo, improve- 
ent in dies lor stamping or pressing sheet metal. 
E'lward a. Boynton, East Hartford, apparatus for hitch- 
about. 
Br. Sifvester —Many have cultivated it, and 
will not protect the plants in wet soil. 
II. E. Hooker —Had pursued much the same rom ding and hacking books. 
V. N. Glow Port Byron, improvement in rotary pumps. 
James M. Coleman and Tims. Turtou, Milwaukee, im¬ 
provement in rotary steam engines. 
John E. Coffin, Westbrook, Me., improved machine for 
the bedhas been entirely blasted,producing no course as described hy Mr. Smith. Tbinksthat R.'n.'Dem JseJ’foffianap^ ma _ 
it would pay to cultivate the Crimson Cone the cb ' 1 e ” 
II. E. Hooker —Did not agree with Dr. S. that second year. Where manure is used in low 
J . K. Derby. Jamestown, N. Y., improved stave jointer. 
Charles Dickinson and William Bellamy, Newark, im- 
the method of cultivation was so little under- grounds, the plants run too much to vines; on P r j’ r ^ m * !tit m stcu,i ug pean ornaments in handles of caat 
stood, and the supposed necessity of a purely dry locations the fruit does not swell; prefer- Cha-ies R. Edwards, Niagara City, improved shutter 
staminate fertilizer he considered an error; he red a strong loam, o» rich clay soil. Thelargest, T'mlh's j. Flowers, Brooklyn, improved mode of attach- 
had cultivated the variety for four or five years fruit is produced on clay. The price obtained tug simfs to vehicles. 
and had always succeeded with the ordinary in moderate sized cities was not sufficient to pr.,vCom*, im- 
staminate sorts. remunerate for extra sized berries; 18 to 25 '' >i|uzz»rd. Camrmdgepurt, improvement in machine- 
and had always succeeded with the ordinary in moderate sized cities was not sufficient to pr. v'e’ii'n^i'Jrrin«'lowT/,^ ^’' m ' 
staminate sorts. remunerate for extra sized berries; 18 to 25 '' ■ I’uzzitrd. Camirndgepoit, improvement in machine- 
J. J. Ihomas —Proper treatment was essen- cents per quart was only to be o itaiued in a J"bn G.miiimg, Worcester, improvement in jacquard 
tial to success in producing a good crop, and instances He did not think it practicable ‘ Tames X"u : Haft,*KeVtork, improvement in fire 
conditions might in many cases be annexed fo produce 3(10 bushels per acre ; UH bushels anus 
with propriety. He had always considered he should consider a fair crop—this he believed chu.e*.*" amer ’ eadil,g ’ improvement in brick ma- 
Ilovey's Seedling as one of the most attractive the Y bad obtained. ^ nd Andrew Hotchkiss, Sharon, 
varieties, and would sell in many cases at. double P. Barry Dues not Mr. Smith recommend Wniiam j. HorBtnwuu, Philadelphia, improvement in 
the price of any other. It could not be ex- trenching as beneficial? ‘TrnUip H. Kells, Hudson, improvement in reversable 
pected, however, that the same attention and E - Smi'h —Does not think trenching would hojse power. 
skill could be brought into operation upon wide he useful without draining and manuring to LaUa ’ CincinDati ’ ira P roved wheel for 
acres as upon a small bed. He thought a great keep the ground mellow. One great error was James MuOHe, Baltimore, improved arrangement of 
deal of this talk about pistillates and staminates in a bad choice of plants, and a want of know- “ iltJUU ’ g ana prupelhu K ll,e aud <hw- 
nuite useless, and mere theory. The straw- ledge of strong growing varieties from weak G ‘Mil's. Dubuque, improved stone sawing milt, 
berry was not itself a diaecious plaut, and ones, as one will not succeed as well as another raihiog aLd dumping coal. 
therefore he could see no ground for these ac- on the same soil. Me Avoy’s Superior, which ^LyFaudei A.Uiouu.Aibany.improveddove-tailiDgma- 
curate distinctions, and thought the farther dis- runs little to vines, does better on some soils Ad< iau V. B. Orr, Lancaster, Pa., improved shingle ma- 
cussion of such points were better dispensed than other varieties. C 'Samuel W. Pingree, Methuen, Mass., imnrovement in 
Br. Silvester —Found that the weeds were tanning hides. 
James Minlfie, Baltimore, improved arrangement of 
means fur balancing and propelling life and propeUy sav¬ 
ing Vessels. 3 
C a. Mihs, Dubuque, improved stone sawing mill. 
Ephraim Morris, Bergen, N. J., improved apparatus for 
raising and dumping coal. 
Lysauder A. Orcutt, Albany, improved dove-tailimr ma¬ 
chine. 
Adi iau V. B. Orr, Lancaster, Pa., improved shingle ma¬ 
chine 
Samuel TV. Pingree, Methuen, Mass., improvement in 
Br. Sylvester —Maintained that no one thing much more easily taken out of loam than clay. C uhtr aud^iiThei-'Kaw'R^ 11 ’ linpr0Ted methcd ot guuliDg cir- 
could do three things at the same time, and do P. Barry — Though it may not pay to culti- Frederick J. Seymour, Wateibury, improvement in loco- 
. , ■. v. j , » . i motive refi^ctor lamps 
them well; or, to be more explicit, that a plant vate extensively hy hand where labor is dear. geweii short. New London, improved horse shoe. 
could not fertilize itself, fertilize its neffih- vet I should like to see it fairly tried. Where Wm. Mount Storm, New York, improvement in breech- 
. o J , ... , • • ji loading firearms, 
bor and bear fruit. cheap labor may be obtained, by improved cul- Samuel Tayior, Cambridge, improvement in brushes for 
P. Barry- Maintained that what Dr. S. be- tivation 100 bushels might be increased to 300 dr ^ ^ We8t H > improved watgr 
lieved impossible was no impossibility. Much per acre. wheel. 
more pollen is produced by flowers than is ac- J. J. Ihomas—In order to arrive at a fair es- cb f^" dge Webber » Gardl0er > He., improved turning mu¬ 
tually necessary. We may see in the lily, for timate, the cost of planting should be calculated 0. Wheeler, jr., Poplar Ridge, improvement in rakiDg 
instance, and many other flowers, large quanti- when a new plantation is to be made every ^BauieiT ’winder,'^Cincinnati, improved hand printing 
lies wasted—twenty times more than is neces- year. At Cincinnati they seem to be satisfied press. 
3 . , „ r, n . cn u V i rni Horace Woodman, Biddeford, Me., improvement in ma- 
sary. With from 30 to 51) bushels pel acre. 1 he ex- chineiy for cleaning ihe top flats of carding engines. 
On a vote being taken, Hovey’s Seedling was pense of cultivating them in rows, as at present . J“> n e» b Aikeuaud Waiter AikeD Fiankiiu, N. H , as- 
& * a P . , , , , . signor to Herrick Aiken and Joints B. Aiken, same place, 
rejected as the best for market cultivation. practised, was considerable, but a machine sim- improvement iu kuitung machines. 
J.t. Har to that of might bo made 
for market cultivation, which was adopted by a which would diminish the amount of labor. proved automatic cannon. 
large vote H. E. Hooker— inquired ot Mr. Smith what RUey BurutU, Brattleboro’, assignorto JacobEstey and 
large vuic. ^ Hatsei r. Green, same place, improved baau dau^per lor 
Geo. Newland —Proposed Jenny's Seedling, proportion of staminate and pistillate plants he mei.-deons, &c. 
per acre. wheel. 
J. J. Ihomas —Tn order to arrive at a fair es- ct ^'“ ridge Webber, Gardiner, Me., improved turning ma- 
timate, the cost of planting should be calculated c. Wheeler, jr., Poplar Ridge, improvement in rakiDg 
when a new plantation is to be made every Xuu>a 
year. At Cincinnati they seem to be satisfied press. 
• . , „ on. coi ni roi Horace Woodman, Biddeford, Me., improvement in ma- 
Wlth from 30 to 5U bushels pel acre. I he ex- chineiy for cleaning ihe top flats of carding engines. 
Dense of cultivating them in rows, as at present James B. Aikeuaud Waiter Aiken, Fiankiiu, N. H , as- 
r . . , , , , . . signor to Herrick Aiken and Jonas B. Aiken, same place, 
practised, was considerable, but a machine sim- improvement tn knitting machines. 
ilar to that of GaRRETSON’s might be made cuarles E Barnes, Lowell, assignor to Moses W Oliver, 
° Manchester, N. H., aud Charles Jb. Barnes, at'urepaid, im- 
which would diminish the amount of labor. proved automatic cannon. 
H. E. Hooker— Inquired ot Mr. Smith what ,,B' le yBuruiit, Brattleboro', assignorto JacobEstey and 
# IlatBei r. Green, same place, improved baao dau^per lor 
the second year. 
General Cultivation of tho Strawberry—Soils and Ma¬ 
nures, and General Management. 
* , Waldo P. Graig, Newport, Ky., arsignor to himself and 
which obtained blit one vote. used. W, K. Kighter, tame place, improved mode of coDBlruct- 
Chas. Hooker— Proposed the Crimson Cone as % Smith-1 never pay any attention to the lu K Geor ^, Syracuse, assignor to himself and 
the second best variety for market. The vote subject ; it seems to me quite unnecessary. George Gratton, ot same place, improvement in cooking 
fi vp in favor one against Several members made inquiries of Mr. Smith slo I v 7'- _ . „ _ „ . 
was me in iavoi, one against. ^ John Guest, U.S.^avy, improvement in sounding guards 
/. J. Thomas — Explained that he had not on thjs subject, to all of which he made the fbrveoseis. 
eotod on the last ouestion as he had heard of same reply—that he had never entertained the r „ „ t re-issues. 
voted on tne last question, as ne liau neaici oi . J c . . , , n , . , James M. Botbnm. New Yolk, improvement in securing 
its success with one and failure with another. question of staminates and pistillates, but al- pinions, &e., of watchesin lathes. P»ient>d 16th July,’61. 
Oka,. Hoaktr —Crimson Cone proves best in >«* ««. '•“>«« E " ch 
the second year. thought most suitable. . additional improvement. 
General Cultivation of the Strawberry-Soils and Ma- Earry — Uj experience lias been that James. O. Lfach Ballston, improvement in loomr.- 
nures, and General Management. trenching has alway 8 pi oved beneficial. There Patented Oct. J , 18o . 
J. J. Thomas— Suggested that the several is no good cultivation without it. I would trench the projection of fluids. 
branches of the subject should be united, in the soil to 18 inches in depth ; all good garden _ 
order to save repetition, which was agreed to.— culture depends on this. Crops ripen much Mr. Editor: —I saw in the Rural of May 
He called on Dr. Sylvester to give his expe- earlier when the ground is trenched, and on 31st, some remarks respecting water spouting 
lienee as to soils and manures. shallow soils the vines begin to wilt af.er a few from the side of a vessel. I he law of Hydro- 
Br. Sylvester —I fear my method of treatment ripen, unless watered. Trenching aids in keep- statics, respecting this, is, that “when a fluid 
will not coincide with that of most of those ing the soil moist. Too much manure is seldom spouts from the side of a perpendicular column 
present, if I may judge from the opposition applied ; failure from the opposite cause is its random or horizontal distance will be the 
which my remarks have already called forth, much more common. It was also a very bad greatest when it spouts from the centre, and it 
adhering as I do to my particular theory. The p 'actice to allow the surface to become covered will be equal at equal distances from the cen- 
soil best suited to the strawberry is a loam ; wiih runneis , poor, miseiable fruit was the [re ; above aod below.” I have quoted from 
animal manures are generally objected to, but 1 result of such management. Manure, trench Johnson's Philosophy. I have seen the exper- 
have used some with good results. Had used au( * ^ ee P c ^ eatl were t * le three essential points, iment performed several times, and do not think 
James M. Botbnm. New Ym k, improvement in securing 
pin'ous, &c., ot watches id laities. Lalenu d l5lh J uly, ’61. 
Eiiakuu B. Forbusb, Buffalo, linpiovemeut in grain and 
grass liarvesleis. Batenteu 20lh July, 1S62. 
ADDITIONAL 1MPROVKJ1KNT. 
James. O. Leach. BallstoD, improvement in loorar. — 
THE PROJECTION OF FLUIDS. 
Mr. Editor :—I saw in the Rural of May 
31st, some remarks respecting water spouting 
from the side of a vessel. The law of Hydro¬ 
statics, respecting this, is, that “when a fluid 
have used some with good results. Had used aun Kee P weitJ uie lureu essential points, iment performed several times, and do not think 
swamp muck in which no acid could be de- E - Smith —Trenching in st iff clay soil, with- that your California correspondent gave it a fair 
tected, in such a state as to appear like saw out draining, he considered injurious; the bot- test. Tubes of equal size should be fastened in 
dust, and might be considered pure vegetable tom holds water, like a dish, and has the same each orifice extending into the upright tube, 
mold. This produced a good crop, both of her- effect as digging holes to plant fruit trees. If about a quarter of au inch, and projecting about 
ries and vines, and well-flavored fruit. Soda, wet the plants will be thrown our. By culti- a n inch on the outside. Each orifice should be 
mold. This produced a good crop, both of ber¬ 
ries and vines, and well-flavored fruit. Soda, 
I believe, to be the best special fertilizer; I vating to a depth of three or six inches, and ma- 
have used sal-soda, which can be procured at Hiring, you will get plenty of fruit, 
two cents per pound, two pounds to a barrel of Barry I do not fully agree with Mr. 
water, from the time of flowering till fruit pick- Smith. It is impossible to prevent roots beffig 
ing—every third day when wet, every day in 'hrown out in winter, on stilt clay soils ; fliere- 
dry weather. By meaus of constant watering, ^ ore ^ ie s0 '^ should be deepened. Strawberry 
Mr. Peabody had made Hovey's Seedling a per- roo,s are ver y easily tlnown out. 
petual bearer. This concluded the discussion on the Straw- 
J. J. Thomas —Inquired if Dr. S. had used ben T’ aod the meeting adjourned till 9 o’clock 
water free from soda, side by side with the the following morning, when the subject of the 
other, to test the comparative effects. Cultivation ot ihe Cherry was to be taken up. 
Br. Sylvester— Had uot tried the use of plain are obliged to defej ihe remaining por- 
water. It was reasonable to suppose that as fi°n of the proceedings until next week. s. 
the fruit contained 27 parts in 1U0 of soda, that n T • , 
. ’ Protection against Insects. —The Imperial 
it was the most suitable manure. He was not f D . , . , . , 
wet the plants will be thrown our. By culti- aa j nc b on the outside. Each orifice should be 
vat ing to a depth of three or six inches, and ma- opened separately, and the tube should bo re- 
nuring, you will get plenty of fruit. filled afier each experiment. 
P. Barry—l do not fully agree with Mr. Yours, respectfully, E. Meaker. 
Smith. It is impossible to prevent roots being Moline, Ill., July, 1856. 
thrown out in winter, on stiff clay soils ; Cbere- -►- 
fore the soil should be deepened. Strawberry super-heated steam. 
roots are very easily thrown out. 
This concluded the discussion on the Straw- Super-hfated steam has some singular prop- 
berry, and the meeting adjourned till 9 o’clock erties ’ WLi e a ch 'P held a ( I ,iarter aD luch 
the following morning, when the subject of the fl0m the uozzle of a tr r<^k, would be forced 
Cultivation of the Cherry was to be taken up. awii y the issulD S 8team ’ held wllhln aQ 
We are obliged to defe S the remaining por- ei § hlh of au 1Dch of the uozzle ’ Xt WOuld be 
tion of the proceedings until next week.-s. drawn suddenly to, and forcibly retained against 
water iree irum suuu, s.ue uy uu« wuu me ' ° - away by the issuing steam, held within an 
other, to test the comparative effects. Cultivation of the Cbeiry was be taken up. ^ au J ^ D0zzle> it would be 
Br. Sylvester- Had uot tried the use of plain J « a, «’ i* 0 ^^ tevtwTk ^ ^ drawn suddenly to,and forcibly retained against 
water. It was reasonable to suppose that as tlon p ceedings initi, ne..t we ek.-s. ^ openiQg> J if by magnelism . Tde proper _ 
the fruit contained 27 parts in 100 of soda, that Protection against Insects.— The Imperial ty of super-heated steam to absorb water is also 
it was the most suita le manure. 1 e nwis not g ort j cu i tura [ Society of Paris has just received remarkable. A boiler of self-acting discharge 
a very strenuous advocate of specific manures, a C()ffimunicatioQ lrora M . Tesslel . one of ite f or excessive steam, the machinery of which 
but was inclined to t link something o it in membe rs,stating that the ammoniacal waters of heavily weighted, being neglected under 
this case Had known Hovey s Seedling to do gag hay0 the t of destroying the insects b.isk firing one day, got over-heated. When 
we on c ay , vas aler ut .u 0 u ,n c a Y ^ 1,111 which commit such ravages on the fruit trees, the discharge acted, it was through a nozzle 
on loamy soil. Invariably used his pure stam- Tbjg amruoniacal water is mixed with three- turned downwards into a pail of cold water; 
on loamy soil. Invariably used his pure stam¬ 
inate as a fertilizer, and believed that his suc¬ 
cess was owing to this. He would uot recom¬ 
mend the use of tan bark as it encourages the 
This ammoniacal water is mixed with three- turned downwards into a pail of cold water; 
fourths its quantity of common water and then the steam shot into it did not, as would be sup- 
sprinkled o\ er the leaves aud branches of the posed, blow the water about the engine room. 
menu me use u iau u.uk » - eueuu .,ge» tne tree8 A 8malUretJch is dug around each tree but it converted every drop of it into steam, 
giu i. if. met o ot lene^ing t e p ants was ^ receive the water which falls, aud this kills filling the whole building with a dense cloud 
to cultivate in alternate strips, spading in ma- ^ destruclive iuseclg which harbor about lhe 0 f vapor. 
nure and allowing the runners lo grow there ; . _«, f _ 
then spading down the old plants. He obtain- -- A Costly Engine.— A silver plated fire en- 
ed the highest flavored and largest fruit from Ltnnaxs, the great botanist, had in his house, gine for ihe city of Francisco, California, is now 
one aud two year old plauts, but not the great- an ingenious and singular contrivance—a “flora, on exhibition at an establishment in Roxbury, 
est quantity of fruit. The best fruit was obtain- clock.” In a half circle, round the table of the Mass, lis cost, it is stated, was eight thousand 
ed from plants grown in hills. great botanist, a number of plants were arranged dollars. The silver is worth three thousand 
E. Smith, Geneva—Had given considerable which, opening their flowers at a certain mo- dollars, and the ornamental work cost upwards 
attention to the cultivation of the strawberry ment, told the hour with unerring exactitude, of five thousand dollars. 
- -- A Costly Engine.— A silver plated fire en- 
Ltnnacus, the great botanist, had in his house, gine for ihe city of Francisco, California, is now 
an ingenious and singular contrivance—a “ flora, on exhibition at an establishment in Roxbury, 
clock.” In a half circle, round the table of the Mass. Its cost, it is stated, was eight thousand 
great botanist.,a number of plants were arranged dollars. The silver is worth three thousand 
which, opening their flowers at a certain mo- dollars, and the ornamental work cost upwards 
