MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
farm of one hundred acres, the fences necessai) j 
to its division into ten lots are built solely j 
to confine farm animals to one or two lots year¬ 
ly, the remaining fences—surrounding eight 
cultivated lots—being unused, consequently, in 
the rotation of grass and tilled land, the fence 
inclosing each lot is built and kept in repair to 
be used once in from five to ten years. 
Now that I have explained the use of fences, 
I will broach my favorite plan for their disuse. 
Inasmuch as they are used only to confine ani¬ 
mals to a small portion of the farm used for 
pasture, which is changed by the rotation of 
crops every year, my plan is to use movable 
fences, or hurdles, to be shifted as often as a 
change of pasture is desired. It may easily be 
seen, without the use of figures, that a fence 
capable of compassing three sides of a ten acre 
lot, (the fourth side may be a line fence,) and 
the expense of a yearly removal, for ten yeais, 
(the length of time a common stationary fence 
will last,) will fall far short of the sum required 
to build and keep in repair, for ten years, the 
amount of fence necessary to enclose ten lots of 
the same size. 
And now, if I have proved that one is capa¬ 
ble of performing the same duties as the other, 
with less expense, I ask farmers, by merely 
looking at the extra cost of building, (leaving 
out the indirect expenses, of land occupied, foul 
seeds distributed, Ac.,) to decide whether it 
will pay to support fences longer. A careful 
consideration of the facts above presented will, 
I think, decide the intelligent farmer to no 
longer tolerate a system of useless fences. 
I am now prepared to hear whatever objec¬ 
tions may be urged against my theory. I em¬ 
phasize the last word in anticipation of its 
being used against me. It is true that my plan 
is, as yet, wholly theoretical with myself, but 
I will say, that it shall be put into practice 
when I am in possession of my “ model” farm, 
(a “ long look ahead,” I fear.) I shall offer my 
youth as an excuse for presenting a plan with¬ 
out a practical knowledge of its value. 
In concluding I venture to hope that some 
enterprising farmer, within hail of the Rural, 
will give the plan a fair trial, and that ere long 
we may be permitted to see a statement of its 
satisfactory results. "W. t. s. 
Charlotte, N. Y., Aug., 1856. 
' PREMIUM FOR A REVERSIBLE FLOW. 
Ed. Rural New-Yorker: —The necessity 
which now exists for farmers to resort, as far 
as possible, to the use of labor-saving machin¬ 
ery in making and saving their crops, compels 
attention to the subject of fitting the surface of 
the soil in the best manner for its convenient 
use. Stumps and stones are abatable nuisances; 
but with the plow now in common use, dead 
furrows are not. 
Now, as is well known to all who have used, 
or tried to use Reaper's and Mowers, driven by 
horse power, dead farrows are serious obstacles 
to their satisfactory performance. By the aid 
of thorough draining, or on dry or porous land, 
where this is not necessary, a smooth surface, 
free from dead furrows or open ditches, while 
it will not diminish the productiveness of the 
land, will be admissible, and will very much 
facilitate the use of power machinery. With 
a reversible, or right and left hand plow, which 
will operate upon level land equally as wel 1 as 
the best plows now in use, a field may be plow¬ 
ed from one side, and all turned one way, leav¬ 
ing but one dead furrow and that on the extreme 
margiu of the field. I have no doubt that A an- 
kee ingenuity is adequate to the invention and 
construction of such a plow. To be “just the 
thing,” it should be equally as strong, no heavier, 
and turn a furrow, either way, as deep, as wide, 
and as well as the best plow now in use, and the 
cost should not be unreasonably increased. By 
substituting steel for iron, or other material, for 
the mould-board, land-side, point, and perhaps, 
some other parts, I believe all these requisites 
are attainable. The sheet steel used for culti¬ 
vator teeth, made of sufficient width, and per¬ 
haps a little thicker, and swedged into form, 
would be much lighter and stronger than cast- 
iron for the mould-board, and at the same time 
polish much better. 
Now I propose to offer a premium of Fifty 
Dollars, to be awarded at the Annual Fair of 
the N. Y. State Agricultural Society in 1857, 
under the direction and by a committee to'be 
appointed by said Society. The competing 
plows to be thoroughly tried. The successful 
one to possess the requisites above described, i. 
e., to be equally as .strong, no heavier —the 
mould-board, point and other parts upon which 
the greatest strain and wear comes, to be made 
of steel, to be simple in construction, and to turn 
a furrow either way as deep, as wide, and as 
well as the best plows now in use ; the cost to 
the farmer, full rigged, not to exceed fifteen 
dollars. The plow taking the premium to be¬ 
long to me after the trial. W. D. Cook. 
Sodus, Wayne Co., N. Y., July, 1856. 
interests, and promote these results, may with 
propriety be ^mbraced in the arrangements 
regulating agricultural fairs. Now, whether 
the fact, that a lady sits gracefully and reins 
and manages her horse skillfully and without 
fear, will in any way promote the essential in¬ 
terests of the agricultural, mechanical or mer¬ 
cantile community, can be easily decided. It 
would, no doubt, produce just as much benefit 
as to see her waltz gracefully, or with ease and 
skill thread the mazes of the cotillon. 
I, for one, can see no imaginable benefit direct 
or remote, to the riders themselves oi to the 
community, from encouraging this object by the 
agricultural fairs. 
It has found its apology no doubt, in the ac¬ 
knowledged necessity of rendering the fairs 
attractive. But cannot other attractions be 
offered than such as are particularly appropri¬ 
ate to the circus ? Let it be uniformly and 
generally understood, that one of the leading 
attractions of the fair is, the facility it offers for 
making sales, purchases and exchanges, of vari¬ 
ous articles of every kind and character on 
exhibition. Let articles offered, not for premi¬ 
ums but for exhibition and sale, be so desig¬ 
nated, or arranged by themselves. Then they 
will not interfere with those offered in compe¬ 
tition for premiums. Let it be understood that 
the season of the fair, and the occasion of the 
fair, offer the best chance presented during the 
whole year for purchases, sales and exchanges 
of stock and products of every description.— 
Let it be understood that the leading object is, 
not an extravagant price, but. a chance for ac¬ 
tual sale at a fair and reasonable price. And 
at an auction sale, which should close all fairs, 
let the owner, if he so inclines, put up his pro¬ 
duct at his minimum price. If no one bids, it 
remains his. If any one bids, he has secured 
an actual sale to the highest bidder. If, in this 
way, we do not offer all needed attractions to 
the community, without going outside the ob¬ 
jects of the Society, I greatly err. The favora¬ 
ble opportunity offered on such occasions for 
making purchases and sales, is a leading object, 
if not a paramount object, at the great fairs in 
the old world. Let it be a leading object at 
the fairs in this country. d. 
Rochester, Aug. 7,1856. 
RURAL NOTES FROM SOUTHERN MICHIGAN. 
AGRICULTURAL FAIRS. 
Mr. Editor Suffer me to trouble you with 
a line in commendation of the remarks of your 
correspondent “ H.” in the Rural of the 9th 
inst., on the subject of female horsemanship, in 
which he censures, without qualification, the 
offer of premiums for female equestrianship at 
our agricultural fairs. 
The great design of our agricultural fairs is, 
to benefit the community by stimulating the 
efforts of our farmers and mechanics to higher 
attainments and greater excellence and perfec¬ 
tion in their respective spheres. To excite a 
laudable emulation among producers and man¬ 
ufacturers,—and to impart to others useful and 
profitable knowledge, resulting from our own 
experience. Whatever, therefore, will aid these 
Friend Rural :—A drouth which has pre¬ 
vailed with almost unexampled severity in this 
region, has recently been brought to a close by 
a succession of copious showers, which have re¬ 
vived the drooping vegetation, and given the 
farmer abundant reason to “thank God and take 
courage.” No more with lengthened visages 
tread we our weary round of toil. Our some¬ 
time gloomy forebodings of empty corn-cribs, 
sure precursors of gaunt, strengthless cattle, and 
empty pork-tubs, have suddenly vanished. Our 
crops of golden maize and indispensable Mur¬ 
phies ensured, and our fainting hopes of future 
buckwheat cakes revived, we can sing con 
amore — 
“ The farmer’s life is the life for me, 
I own I love it dearly ; 
And every season, filled with glee, 
I take its labors cheerily.” 
Not long since I noticed a young orchard, 
where the number of dead and dying trees, in 
connection with the grain stubble that covered 
the ground, told a story that he who runs might 
read. I manure my orchard ground liberally, 
and plant it alternately with corn and potatoes, 
and plow and cultivate thoroughly, so that in 
time of drouth not a leaf withers. 
Winter wheat that was put in on good soil, 
and in a farmer-like manner, has yielded boun¬ 
tifully ; that which was put in on the “ Make- 
do” system was a profitless crop. Spring wheat 
and oats have mostly been light. The mer¬ 
chants in this vicinity have commenced buying 
new winter wheat at the following prices :— 
Red wheat, mostly Mediterranean, $1,05 to 
,06; white wheat, $1,10 to $1,12. I believe 
the white wheat raised in this town consists 
mainly of these three varieties—Soule’s, White 
Flint, and Blue Stem. 
I think none of my small crops withstood the ef¬ 
fects of the drouth equal to the Japan pea. Du¬ 
ring the sultriest weather its luxuriant foliage 
constituted a pleasant prospect for the eye to 
rest upon. Since the rain, however, it begins 
to show how fast it can grow. I hope to be 
able in a year or two to test its value as a crop 
for plowing in. 
Of water melons I have the following varie¬ 
ties :—South American, Orange, White Mexi¬ 
can, Mountain Sweet, and Mountain Sprout.— 
had a pretty fair trial of the South American 
and Mountain Sweet melons last year, and they 
proved themselves truly excellent. The Orange 
and White Mexican, what few vines I had, were 
nearly drowned out by the repeated rains, and 
did not amount to much. But this season the 
Orange melon is very flourishing, and the vines 
are thickly set with fruit. The White Mexi¬ 
can, on the contrary, seems to be of a much 
more delicate habit of growth ; yet if the fruit 
should prove as delicious with me as it has with 
friend T. E. W., of Kent Co., in this State, and 
W. S. Denny, of Royal Oak, Md., I shall con¬ 
sider it well worthy of cultivation. 
Frank Fielding. 
Burr Oak, St. Jo. Co., Mich., Aug. 3,1856. 
Advantage of Keeping Manure Covered.— 
An experiment conducted by the President of 
an Agricultural Society in England, shows 
that manure which was kept covered by nine 
inches in depth with earth, so that no evapora¬ 
tion escaped, produced four bushels more of 
grain per acre, than the same quantity and kind 
of manure applied to the same extent and qual¬ 
ity of land, but which manure had lain from 
the 13th of January, to the 4th of April, ex¬ 
posed to the weather. 
BALT AS A MANURE. 
Eds. Rural -.—Some light may be thrown on 
this question, which has recently been agitated 
in your columns, by the publication of the fol¬ 
lowing items gleaned from a back volume of the 
State Ag. Transactions : 
In the Report on Farms from the Onondaga 
Co. Society, a statement is made of a farm in 
Elbridge in that county, belonging to S. M. 
Brown, who made a free use of salt on various 
crops. For wheat he fallowed in the year re¬ 
ferred to (1855) some 30 acres, plowing three 
times during the summer. Ten acres were top- 
dressed, three or four days previous to seeding, 
with from three to five bushels of common salt 
per acre, and produced over 26 bushels of wheat 
per acre, of very fine quality. The average 
product of 20 acres, without this dressing, was 
16 bushels, while 10 acres sown after barley, 
produced but eight bushels per acre. The 
whole crop was somewhat injured by the Hes¬ 
sian fly and winter killing. 
Fourteen acres of green sward were planted 
to corn, well prepared and manured. Of this 
field, three weeks before plowing, Mr. B. dress¬ 
ed two acres with a barrel of salt per acre. He 
also top-dressed after planting portions of the 
field with ashes, with ashes and salt, with 
plaster alone, and with ashes, plaster and salt 
together—two parts of ashes to one of plaster 
and salt. The Committee who make the re¬ 
port, found the part where the salt was sown 
broadcast, quite superior to any other part of 
the field. Material benefit was also found to 
result from' the application of salt, three bush¬ 
els per acre, to a portion of a field of barley. 
In regard to the value of salt as an applica¬ 
tion to the soil, Mr. Brown remarked “ 1 
have experimented with salt until I have be¬ 
come convinced that its application to my soils 
is of great utility, and a source of profit. So 
well am I satisfied with the results of my exper¬ 
iments, that I will make use of at least 300 bush¬ 
els on my wheat fallows this fall. One of the 
best results from its use is the prevention of 
rust on wheat; and in no case have I failed to 
receive benefit from its use.” It would be in¬ 
teresting to know what the after effects of this 
application were, and whether a second dres¬ 
sing produced equal good effects. Perhaps 
some of your Onondaga subscribers can enlight¬ 
en us through the Rural. If so, they will con¬ 
fer a favor on A Farmer’s Son. 
Niagara Co., Aug., 1856. 
OATS, AND SOME OTHER THINGS. 
Having a field of oats which show very large 
heads, I thought I would pluck one and count 
the kernels, it had 285. I then took what 
sprung from one oat; there were three stalks 
—one counted 154, one 203, one 264; in all 621 
kernels. Who can beat it? I sowed 16 bush¬ 
els on 9 acres. The ground was subsoiled one 
year ago last fall one foot deep. No manure 
then nor since—been cropped six years. 
V/ill you or some con'espondcnt give through 
the Rural the best way of preserving grapes 
for family use? 
Hay in this part has been cut in good order. 
Wheat secured and generally well filled. Bar¬ 
ley well headed but straw light. Oats are 
good, potatoes small (on account of drouth) and 
few of them. 
One year ago last spring I received a pack¬ 
age of Sainfoin seed from Patent Office. I 
sowed it this summer. I cut some and hens 
would not eat it at all. It grew with large 
stalks, very few leaves, and I do not think it 
worth near as much as common clover. How 
is it with others?—D. J. M., Ledyard, Cayuga 
Co., N. Y., Aug. 1856. 
American Institute Fair. — The twenty - 
eighth Annual Fair of the American Institute 
is announced to be held in the Crystal Palace, 
New York, commencing Sept. 22d and closing 
on the 25th of October. The Cattle Show will 
be held at Hamilton Square on the 14th, 15th 
and 16th of October. The Mechanical Depart¬ 
ment is to be greatly enlarged, and abundant 
facilities afforded for the exhibition and opera¬ 
tion of improved machinery, <fcc. The medals 
to be awarded will be greatly increased in size. 
Arrangements will be made for the exhibition 
of Grain, Flour, Fruit, Flowers, Vegetables and 
Dairy Products. The Palace will be open for 
the reception of articles from September 15th 
to 20th. A number of railroad and transporta¬ 
tion companies have consented to return free 
of charge all articles exhibited at the Fair.— 
For definite information, Premium List, &c., 
address Wm. B. Leonard, 351 Broadway, New 
York. 
The Plough, Loom, and Anvil, an excellent 
monthly devoted to the interests of the Farmer 
and Mechanic, announces that Prof. J. A. 
Nash has become associated with Mr. Parish 
in its management. This is a valuable acces¬ 
sion, as Prof. Nash is a gentleman of acknowl¬ 
edged ability and sound judgment, who has 
made his mark as an agricultural editor and au¬ 
thor. Under such auspices the P., L. & A. will 
merit and achieve an augmentation of popu¬ 
larity and success. Published by M. P. Par¬ 
ish, New York, at $3 per annum. 
Addresses at Ag. Faies. —The Hon. Wm. 
Jesuf, of Montrose, Pa., is announced to deliver 
the Annual Address at the ensuing Fair of the 
N. Y. State Ag. Society at Watertown. Ex- 
Gov. Hunt is to deliver the Address at the next 
Fair of the Monroe Co. Ag. Society, and Prof. 
Mates at that of the Ontario Co. Society. 
Deep Tillage turns a drouth to good account 
from the fact that it sends the roots deeper in 
search of moisture and the elements of growth 
—they branch wider and closer, and find the 
manure which may be contained in the soil.— 
The leaching process is reversed—deeply buried 
salts are brought up, appropriated to the use of 
the crop and ameliorate the surface soil. The 
growth of weeds is hindered, and their destruc¬ 
tion rendered easier,—in fact a moderate drouth 
has its benefits of no small account to the farm¬ 
er who deeply tills his land. 
How to Make One Farm Equal to Three.— 
In a recent address by G. T. Stewart, Esq., 
before an Ohio Agricultural Society, he thus 
speaks on the subject:—“Many farmers are 
destroying the productiveness of their farms by 
shallow work. As they find that their crops 
are diminishing, they think only of extending 
their acres of surface, as they supposed their 
title deeds only gave them a right to six inches 
of earth. If they will take those deeds, study 
their meaning and apply the lesson to their 
fields, they will soon realize in three-fold crops 
the fact that the law has given them three farms 
where they supposed they had only one ; in 
other words that the subsoil, brought up and 
combined with the top soil, and enriched with 
the atmospheric influencs and those other ele¬ 
ments which agricultural science teach them to 
apply to their ground, will increase three-fold 
the measure of its productiveness.” 
Watering Troughs. —Mr. J. B. Turner, of Il¬ 
linois, in a communication to the Prairie Far¬ 
mer, recommends large iron kettles for watering 
troughs. He says he has used them some years 
for that purpose, and considers no “other trough 
fit for watering cattle.” He also recommends 
small kettles of a spider or skillet form, to be 
set round to feed or water a standing horse in, 
or an occasional pig or two. There is decided 
point in the close of Mr. P.’s recommendation, 
wherein he says that “if farmers would pur¬ 
chase a few of these kettles of different sizes 
for such uses, to stand about the place, they 
would find them the best and cheapest utensils, 
in the long run, they could obtain, and it would 
save them the trouble of running all over the 
neighborhood to borrow, every time they killed 
hogs or made soap.” 
Coarse Hay for Sheep.—A correspondent of 
the Germantown Telegraph says that the very 
best article of winter feed that can be provided 
for sheep, if cut before it becomes over ripe, and 
properly made, is the coarse grass abounding in 
our natural meadows. He has generally cut 
from five to eight tons of this grass; wintered 
his sheep on it without the assistance of any 
other hay, and carried them through more suc¬ 
cessfully, and with less loss than could have 
been done by providing them with any other 
keep. There is something peculiar about this 
hay that renders it extremely palatable to the 
sheep, and which prevents their becoming soon 
clogged ; their appetite for it continuing unim¬ 
paired through the'season, unless vitiated by the 
occasional use of other and more luxurious food. 
A Horse Story. —The Milwaukee Wisconsin 
tells of a horse that died recently in Oregon, 
Illinois. He was very ugly, and would not be 
harnessed except with saddle, and could make 
extraordinary time. He could pass over 112 
miles in 12 hours. His usual time from Oregon 
to Rockford, twenty-five miles, was two hours. 
The doctor who owned him, and who alone 
could ride him, has been heard to say that du¬ 
ring six years past he has ridden him upwards 
of twenty thousand miles, and that during all 
this time he was never known to trip or stum¬ 
ble so as to arrest the rider’s attention. He was 
savage, being formerly a wild horse on the 
plains of Arkansas. 
Small Farms. —We desire to impress on the 
common sense reasoning of every man, the par¬ 
amount importance of having no more laud in 
cultivation than can be well cultivated. By 
no means attempt to manage more than you can 
manage well. Be a Farmer, not a mere earth 
scraper, lazily scratching up sufficient earth to 
destroy the face of the soil, and throw seed 
away, or you will always have to scratch hard 
for a living. But make your farm a source of 
pride, and it will surely become a source of 
profit. Make the object to be not to have 
many, but rich acres.— Selected. 
A Wet Season is a blessing to deeply tilled aud 
well drained land. The more rain the greater 
the amount of ammonia and other organic ele¬ 
ments left in the soil as the water filters 
through it. It is kept porous and in favorable 
condition to take carbonic acid from the atmos¬ 
phere—its temperature is also increased. On 
undrained land the reverse is the fact. 
The Drouth is still very severe, and injurious 
in many sections, notwithstanding the recent 
rains in some parts of the country. In this re¬ 
gion much damage will result from the long 
continued drouth. 
Deep Plowing greatly improves the paoduc- 
tive powers of every variety of soil that is not 
wet. Subsoiling sound land, that is, land that 
is not wet, is also eminently conducive to in¬ 
creased production. 
Sandy lands can be most effectually improved 
by clay. When such lands require liminingor 
marling, the lime or marl is most beneficially 
applied when made into compost with clay. In 
slacking lime, salt brine is better than water. 
No man ought to undertake to cultivate more 
land than he can stock to advantage. 
DESTROYIN'G PERNICIOUS INSECTS. 
From an address by T. Glover, the Entom- 
elogist connected with the Agricultural Depart¬ 
ment of tl^e Patent Office, we make the follow¬ 
ing extract. The subject is one worthy of the 
closest scrutiny on the part of farmers : 
“A close study of the habits and transforma¬ 
tions of any one of the pernicious insects (ball 
worm, wheat midge, caterpillar, &c.) by the 
practical and intelligent farmer, would prove 
not only a source of great pleasure, as leading 
him to a keener sense of the beauteous and 
wonderful works of nature, as exemplified in 
the singular transformations insects undergo, 
before they assume the perfect or fly state, but 
also a source of great profit, as by experiment¬ 
ing upon them in all the stages of their exist¬ 
ence he might perchance discover some practi¬ 
cal method by which their extermination could 
be effected. Indeed, it is absolutely necessary 
that a farmer should be able to recognize the 
insects that destroy his crops, in all their vari¬ 
ous and wonderful transformations, before any 
effectual remedy can be applied; as in one 
stage of their life they may be suffered to live 
and enjoy themselves, nay, even sometimes be 
protected, whilst in another stage we persecute 
and destroy them by every means in our power. 
For example, the beautiful butterfly of the pa- 
pilio asterias. Any humane and kind-hearted 
farmer, unversed in entomology, who should 
see his children chasing and killing the beauti¬ 
ful black and yellow spotted butterfly that was 
flitting joyously over his vegetable garden, in 
the spring or early summer, apparently leading 
a life of mere harmless pleasure, would, no 
doubt, reprove them for wantonly destroying 
such a pretty, harmless insect; and yet, if the 
truth was known, this pretty and much to be 
pitied insect is the parent of all those nauseous 
smelling green and black spotted worms that 
later in the season destroy his parsley, celery, 
parsnips, and carrots. Yet by merely crushing 
the parent fly at one blow early in the season, 
before it has deposited its eggs, he would be 
spared the vexation of either seeing his plants 
devoured and seed destroyed, or having the 
disagreeable task of picking off, 6ne by one, 
some hundreds of caterpillars later in the sea¬ 
son. This fact will be more apparent when I 
state how incredibly fast some insects multiply, 
especially in the warmer climate of the South, 
where there is little frost to destroy vegetable 
life, and there are several generations in one 
season. Dr. John Gamble, of Tallahasse, Fla., 
assisted by myself, dissected a female ball- 
worm, moth or miller (an insect which in the 
caterpillar state is most destructive to cotton,) 
and we discovered a mass of eggs, which when 
counted amounted, at the least calculation, to 
five hundred, duly hatched, for the first genera¬ 
tion, say one-half males, the rest females, the 
second generation, if undisturbed, would amount 
to 125,000, and the third be almost incalculable. 
Now, these mother flies are not very numer¬ 
ous early in the season, owing to the birds de¬ 
vouring them, the rigor of winter, and various 
other accidental causes, and if practical means 
were found to destroy them as early in the 
spring as possible, the immense ravages of the 
second and third generations might be prevent¬ 
ed. In one female (ceceticus) case or hang- 
worm, so destructive to the shade trees, I count¬ 
ed nearly eight hundred eggs, although the 
specimen was but small. Now were all these 
cases taken from every infected tree in the 
winter, when they can most easily be seen, 
owing to the fall of the leaf, and then immedi¬ 
ately burned, the trees would be comparatively 
free the next season; and by following this 
plan for one or two years more, the work grow¬ 
ing gradually less and less, the insect might 
finally be exterminated, inasmuch as the female 
never leaves her case, but forms her nest of eggs 
inside ; and yet these noxious pests are suffered 
year by year to increase, when so little trouble 
would destroy them.. Other insects, again, have 
other habits, which, if fully known, would like¬ 
wise lead to their destruction.” 
County Agricultural Societies.—T he fol¬ 
lowing County Societies have fixed the time for 
holding their Annual Exhibitions. As we de¬ 
sire to publish a complete list as soon as possible, 
we hope our friends in the various parts of the 
State will forward the necessary information : 
Albany, Albany. Sept. 23, 24, 25. 
Allegany, Whitney’s Valley...Oct, 14,16. 
Cattaraugus, Little Valley,_Sept. 17,18,19. 
Cayuga, Auburn. Sept. 17, 18,19. 
Delaware, Walton.Sept. 24, 25. 
Essex, Elizabethtown.— .Sept. 18,19. 
Franklin, Malone..J_Sept. 24, 25, 26. 
Jefferson, Watertown_•.Sept. 17,18. 
Madison, Morrisville . Sept. 8, 9,10. 
Monroe, Rochester.Sept. 24, 25, 26. 
Oneida, Rome. ....Sept. 23, 24, 25. 
Onondaga, Syracuse,_ . Sept. 10, 11,12. 
Ontario, Canandaigua.^.Sept. 24, 25, 26. 
Orleans, Albion,.Sept. 25, 26. 
Oswego, Mexico.Sept. 17,18. 
Queens, Hempstead..Sept. 25. 
Rensselaer, Lausingburg.Sept. 16, 17,18. 
Rockland, New City_Oct. 8, 9. 
Schuyler, Watkins....Oct. 8, 9. 
Seneca, Waterloo,__Oct. 8, 9, 10. 
Steuben, Bath.Oct. 8, 9. 
St. Lawrence, Canton,__ Sept. 17,18,19. 
Tioga, Owego,.Sept. 24, 25. 
Washington, Greenwich,- Sept. 17,18. 
Wayne, Lyons,.Sept. 23, 24, 25. 
The Muck-bed. —The drouth of the present 
summer in many parts of the country, has dried 
up the pond holes and sluggish streams aud 
exposed many valuable muck beds to the easy 
attack of the farmer. Take up the shovel and 
go at them — it will prove a paying operation. 
Get a good “ heap” ready for littering your sta¬ 
bles next winter, and for composting with the 
green manure there produced, so as to have a 
good supply for all your crops. Don’t neglect 
the opportunity. 
ILomo.eomo.euM.mcmnn.ewmu.o. /. mu ... . /W'W i 
