□per. 
\sOim 
.The second necessity is that the stable should 
be of good size. Not unfrequently horses are 
crowded into space so small as to be not only 
extremely uncomfortable for them, but detri¬ 
mental to the health. Stables thus crowded 
undergo sudden and remarkable transitions of 
temperature—the air becomes so heated that 
the animals are almost constantly in perspira¬ 
tion, and on being taken out to perform work 
are immediately chilled ; and colds, and coughs, 
soon produce tneir ultimate results. 
Another want, and a very great one, is win¬ 
dows. Dark stables are undoubtedly injurious, 
—if they were not, the necessity that will at 
times arise for light to render aid to animals 
or injured, periods when 
Hence, the reduction in the number of acres 
grown, as well as the deficiency in yield, must 
be taken into account in estimating the crop of 
Western New York—and we think both causes 
combined will reduce the average production 
of former years fully one-fifth if not one-fourth. 
The quality of the grain in this region, however, 
is decidedly superior, the weather having been 
exceedingly favorable for maturing and secur¬ 
ing the crop; and Genesee Wheat and Flour 
must regain and maintain their former reputa¬ 
tion as the best obtainable. This is more than 
indicated by the quotations of the New York 
Market, proving that “ Extra Genesee Flour,” 
from new Wheat, commands from 5U to 75 cts. 
more per bushel than Western brands. But 
Western New York farmers cannot control the 
pyceof breadstuffs in this age of almost univer¬ 
sal production—for, although “prime Genesee” 
may be worth more than Western and Canada 
Wheat, they will be brought into competition, 
and the price of the former be depreciated if 
not governed by the latter. The fair quality of 
Canada and Western will also lead to its use, to 
a greater or lesser extent, in the manufacture 
of so-called “Genesee Flour”—a result the 
more probable from the injury to Genesee 
Wheat last season, and the fact that Canada 
and the West supplied a superior article. 
The most important question with producers 
is whether the prices of breadstuffs will rule 
high or low in the future—whether any ad¬ 
vance may be anticipated. The general opin¬ 
ion among dealers, and the best informed jour¬ 
nalists, is that the crop is so abundant that the 
supply will so far exceed the demand that high 
prices cannot be expected, nor present quota¬ 
tion long maintained. In this belief we do 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AM ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY JOURNAL, 
SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS i 
H. T. BROOKS, Prof. C. DEWEY, 
T. C. PETERS, L. B. LANGWORTHY, 
H. C. WHITE. 
The Rural New-Yorker is designed to be unique and 
beautiful in appearance, and unsurpassed in Value, Purifv and 
Variety of Contents. Its conductors earnestly labor to make it 
a Reliable Guide on the important Practical Subjects connected 
with the business of those whose interests it advocates. It 
embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Mechan¬ 
ical, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with many appro¬ 
priate and beautiful Engravings, than any other paper published 
in this Country,—rendering it a complete Agricultural, Lit¬ 
erary and Family Newspaper. 
All communications, and business letters, should be 
addressed to D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y. 
For Terms, and other particulars, see last page. 
that may get cast 
prompt and efficient action is needed, demand a 
reform in this respect. 
Again, proper and thorough ventilation should, 
in their construction, be one of the prime objects 
sought. Man sees the necessity for a circulation 
of air in his house, where breathing is the only 
thing that destroys the purity of the atmos¬ 
phere,—how much more necessary is it in the 
home of the horse, where the emanations from 
the surface of the body, the manure, and the 
urine mingle with it. 
Having provided comfortable quarters, the 
the duty of supplying them with a sufficient 
quantity of good food, and that at regular inter¬ 
vals, devolves upon the keeper. For many years 
experiments have been in progress with the 
purpose of ascertaining the kinds best adapted 
to the wants of the animal at this period of the 
year. Persons differ as to the relative value of 
many articles, yet all agree that variety is an 
essential. Oats are nob the only food that will 
fit a horse for labor or the road—roots are often¬ 
times much superior. Carrots are probably the 
first in this class—and are noted both for their 
action upon the internal organization and in an 
improved external appearance. A loose, mellow 
hide is observable in all animals where this root 
forms a portion of their food. In this connec¬ 
tion it may be proper to say, that every barn 
should have a hay or straw cutter, and that the 
said machine should be kept in daily use.— 
Every means available to assist the process of 
digestion ought to be adopted—the stomach is 
the great furnisher of motive power, and should 
the steam go down, locomotion is impeded or 
brought to a full stop. 
Regularity in feeding is a mauer mat must 
not be overlooked if we aim at doing all we can 
for our stock. Every farmer can recall, in his 
own experience, various times when he 
“ Moodily has listened long 
To hear the dinner horn!” 
and knows, however fatigued previous to the 
welcome sound, with what alacrity has been 
“laid down the shovel and the hoe” and the 
most direct course taken for the well spread 
board. Animals have a little humanity in their 
composition, and if it is to be found nowhere else, 
it can be readily discovered in the stomach.— 
Again we say feed and water regularly. 
The cleanliness of the horse is indispensable to 
the preservation of his health. Stables with 
every appliance for comfort, food in abundance 
and of the first quality—if ev’ery other want be 
supplied—without the animal and his quarters 
are cleaned daily and kept so it is of no avail. 
In addition to enhancing external appearance, 
there is but little doubt that the friction caused 
in the process of cleaning is promotive of the 
general well-being of the animal. The hair of 
the well cleaned horse is soft and oily, and con¬ 
The Wheat Crop of 1856 having been secu¬ 
red, the yield, quality and probable price 
which this staple will command, are questions 
of paramount importance to producers. Infor¬ 
mation on these points is eagerly sought, and 
the demand has no doubt induced many jour¬ 
nalists to supply it by speculative and theoret¬ 
ical statements, founded upon isolated facts, 
without duly considering the importance of 
data and estimates from all parts of the coun¬ 
try in which wheat is a leading or prominent 
production. The great fault of the local press 
in this land of newspapers, in reporting the 
condition and prospects of the crops, consists 
in estimating the result in a county, district or 
entire State, from their appearance in a limited 
locality. For instance, some of the papers in 
this region aver that the wheat crop of Western 
New York is this year an average one in yield, 
and the grain of superior quality, while others 
report it at one-tflird to one-half less—each 
evidently judging of the entire district men¬ 
tioned from the known or reported result in a 
single county or locality. Of course, with such 
conflicting statements as abasis, it is exceed¬ 
ingly difficult to arrive at the facts in the pre¬ 
mises ; and hence journals in our large cities 
which are either controlled or influenced by 
commercial men and speculators, can easily for¬ 
tify almost any position they may think best 
to assume. Thus it happens that by quoting 
liberally from local papers, either scarcity or 
abundance can be demonstrated. 
Under these circumstances, with conflicting 
reports from various quarters, it is not strange 
that even the best informed and shrewdest 
men should form erroneous estimates, and the 
most careful and conscientious journalists be 
unable to arrive at definite and satisfactory 
conclusions. The lack of reliable data as to the 
crop, and the present feverish and unsettled 
state of the market, cause no little uncertainty 
and anxiety in the minds of both purchasers 
and producers—rendering the question of price, 
and whether it is best to sell or hold, still more 
difficult of solution. But as thousands of our 
readers are directly interested in the subject, 
we propose to state our convictions and conclu¬ 
sions, formed from the best sources of informa¬ 
tion within our reach—principally from a some¬ 
what large and widely extended correspond¬ 
ence, the verbal statements of wheat growers 
residing in different localities of this and the 
sign, to which the more ornamental^portion of 
the work is fixed. The whole of the front piece 
was then framed together of the thinner stakes 
hollows being cut in each stake where the de¬ 
sign required them to cross each other, in order 
that the werk might adhere more compactly.— 
It was found more convenient to nail the parts 
together at these crossings ; and when the whole 
front was well knit together, it was tried against 
the already fixed uprights, and the places care¬ 
fully marked where it required to be attached 
to them ; the places so marked were then hol¬ 
lowed out, so as to enable the ornamental work 
to lie neatly and compactly against its supports, 
to which the best way of fastening it, without 
shaking the work, was found to be by means of 
sharp screws, of sufficient length to take a good 
hold. Then the trifling cracks and chippings, 
in the bark were touched with a little dark- 
brown paint, and the balcony was done. Had 
a carpenter done it, of course these imperfec¬ 
tions would not have existed, but it was the 
work of an amateur, and any amateur of any 
moderate constructive ability, can do as well.— 
Any trifling inaccuracies in the workmanship 
will be concealed by training a few climbing 
plants over the work. It only remains then to 
line the rustic balcony with long mignionette 
boxes, or any other receptacles for plants, of 
whatever form the taste of the arranger may 
suggest. 
These receptacles may be sown with a mix¬ 
ture of mignionette and Virginia stock, and at 
distances, to train to the rustic work; sweet 
peas should be placed; taking care, however, 
to leave space for a few fuchsias, scarlet gera¬ 
niums, and other plants of that class, which may 
be placed out with safety in such a situation, 
especially if the aspect be south-westerly. It 
will be seen that in the design, three arch-like 
openings are left in the lower portion of the 
rustic works. These openings have been con- 
We give our readers this week a design for 
a charming rustic balcony, as inexpensive as 
it is picturesque. The way the original of this 
was constructed was as follows : The window 
opened towards a lawn, and being raised some 
eighteen or twenty inches from the ground, 
and not available as a passage to the flower- 
garden, and being moreover the window of a 
favorite room, it occurred to the occupant of the 
latter to construct a kind of balcony which 
should contain a miniature flower-garden in 
itself. You see Mahomet could not go to the 
mountain, and therefore he set himself to de¬ 
vise how the mountain could be made to come 
to Mahomet 1 He effected his ends in this way: 
Having obtained about a hundred bricks, he 
raised a kind of single brick wall (without 
mortar) against a portion of the building to 
which the balcony was to be attached, up to 
the ensuing ten months— that its reputation, 
and comparative scarcity, will cause it to rule 
higher than any other. And yet we would 
not advise farmers to hold their wheat in the 
expectation of an advance from present rates— 
say $1,50 to $1,65. Our impression is, that 
Western New York farmers who can realize 
these rates now, would find it for their interest 
to sell rather than run the risk of a depreciation 
in price, to say nothing of the loss or damage 
consequent upon holding their grain. Compar¬ 
atively few farmers can store their wheat from 
six to twelve months without more or less loss, 
(beside interest,) for rat-proof granaries are not 
over-abundant even in Western New York.— 
Hence, without unqualifiedly advising the farm¬ 
ers — especially those of this region — to sell 
their wheat immediately, we are strongly im¬ 
pressed with the belief that, according to present 
indications, the wheat growers of the country 
generally would do better by selling at fair 
prices than holding their grain in the expecta¬ 
tion of realizing an advance. But as none can 
foresee the future, each should be guided, in a 
great degree, by his own situation and circum¬ 
stances,—the state and prospect of the market, 
and the probabilities of an increased home or 
WINTER CARE OF ANIMALS, 
We advert to this subject thus early for the 
reasons that, many spare moments may be at 
the disposal of the farmer ere the snows and 
frosts of winter come upon us, and because the 
habitations of domestic animals should be fully 
and comfortably prepared for their reception 
long ere necessity compels them and us to seek 
a shelter. 
The first requirement in the winter care of 
horses is a good stable. The choice of situation, 
and there is a choice, is an important item. A 
high and dry spot, or one that will admit of 
drainage, is as necessary for this purpose as for 
the home of the farmer. Stables should be dry. 
Damp stables are productive of as many evils 
as damp houses,—in fact many of the most vio¬ 
lent diseases to which the horse is subject are 
often attributable to this one defect. Shelter 
from cold and bleak winds is another desidera¬ 
tum which should receive attention. Stables 
should also be easy of access—here, however, 
the farmer consults his own comfort, and on this 
point it is unnecessary to dilate. 
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.] 
“ PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.” 
[ SINGLE NO. FIVE CENTS. 
YOLUME YII. NO. 34.1 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. -SATURDAY, AUGUST 23, 1856. 
i _ _ i 
1WH0LE NO. 316. 
