. ................. ..■... . .. . . ... ....'"'"•"n 
: = 6 MOORE’S RURAL NEM-YORKER! AN AGRICULTURAL ANI) FAMILY NEWSPAPER §8/ .■ 
ffujmi'li anil (Saitat. 
PEAR CULTURE. 
A short time ago I was requested by a gentle¬ 
man up the Genesee Valley to examine his 
plantation of fruit trees, and more especially 
his pears. He had planted extensively, and 
his trees had received, as we supposed, tail- cul¬ 
tivation, but withal bore very indifferent crops 
of fruit. It was quite evident that there was 
something wrong, but neither the gentleman 
nor his gardener were satisfied as to what, or 
how to apply a remedy. Well, I have examin¬ 
ed the trees, and it has occurred to me that, as 
there may be other plantations in a similar si¬ 
tuation, a few remarks touching this case might 
not be altogether thrown away. 
The trees generally were planted some 10 to 
12 years ago. Some of them have attained a 
fair size, but the majority are not more than 
half the size of trees of equal age grown in good 
soil and under good culture. The pears are 
generally on pear stocks. The soil is a gravel¬ 
ly loam, or perhaps I should say gravel, with a 
slight admixture of a sharp, coarse, sandy loam. 
Both surface and subsoil is of this character, and 
this at once explained to me the feeble and 
fruitless condition of the trees. Even peach 
trees in this soil looked feeble, whilst others 
on terraces adjoining, made up of two or three 
erijauit ill?, &t. 
LIST OP PATENTS, 
BREECH-LOADING CANNON. 
A few days ago we were invited by a gen¬ 
tleman from Lowell, Mr. Barnes, to witness the 
operation of a cannon invented by him and 
issued from the United states Patent offlee for the patented a few weeks since. He was experi- 
weck ending Aug. id, is« 6 . menting on the best mode of making cartridges, 
and, though he was not satisfied with his efforts, 
™ satisfied—yes, astonished. 
JX! preSnmt “"furniture The gun we saw was about two feet long and 
polish. . about an inch bore. At the breech there is an 
Lewis Buchhollz, Richmond, Va., improvedblastic com- , 
pound ’ > > r arrangement by which a man can turn a crank 
John H. Belter, New York, bedsteads. just like a grindstone and “ shoot” as often as 
Gail Borden, Jr., Brooklyn, improvement in concentra- J . . , , w, 
tion of milk he can drop a cartridge into a hole. By turn- 
pound. 
Jehn H. Belter, New York, bedsteads. jug 
Gail Borden, Jr., Brooklyn, improvement in concentra- " 
tion of milk. a e 
Thos. Brownfield, George’s Township, Pa., improvement jng this crank the cartridge is taken from this 
in wheels for carriages. , , - , . , , , . , , . . 
Jno. Broughton, Chicago, improved door spring. 
Joel Bryant, Brooklyn, carpenter’s gauges. 
Chas. S. Bruff, Baltimore, improved sash supporter. 
hole, forced into the breech of the gun, which 
opens to receive it, then closes. The gun is 
Oscar L. Cowles, Township of Teconsba, Mich., and Al- capped, fired, and swabbed out all in regular 
’reaping and T u7 R etUn P g 0 fi f re H0mer ’ Mi0h " improvement order, and without the least danger to the gun- 
R. Eickemeyer, Yonkers, improved method of regulating ner from premature explosion; for when the 
velocity of feed for sawiDg mills. 
Geo. Fetter, Philadelphia, and Jno. S. McClintock, Lib- 
ertyville, Ill., improvement in coupling pipes. 
Ephraim D. Poss, Mainville, 0., improved farm fence for 
rolling ground. . 
Wm. W. Hopkins, Chesterfield Factory, N. H., improve¬ 
ment in knife-cleaners. 
cartridge is put into this hole the gun is all 
tight; but it somehow opens and shuts, and 
shoots so precisely “ on time” that the idea of 
Sanger is not dreamed of. We ought to men- 
Lansing E. Hopkins, Brooklyn, improvement in felting tion that the Caps are put On to a wheel that 
C °Abraham Southworth, New York, improvement in pad- h °lds fift 7 or mOTe - and are taken from this as 
die wheels. . . often as needed. 
Isaac G. Hubbs, New York, impiovemfnt iu machines Mr. Barnes has been employed heretofore in 
for adding numbers . r J 
CHINESE WHITE MAGNOLIA. 
on terraces aoioiuing, luaue up ui uvu Vi O , xr tr, Ko Ho niuMn L. Moore, rerersouig, uusiu.' — ' 
foot ir, Horvth n f <mnrl soil looked exceedingly °I a Chinese White Magnolia tree, as it ap- of unrivalled sylvan beauty. Much to he e ing machines. 
7„m,s g e—d when 14 ycavs old. and * foot Ugh, „ plorcd i» it, that north of Now York it will not " 
vigorous. v J ’ ° 
On such soil as I have described it cannot be the grounds of A. J. Downing, Newburgh, A. 
Wm. H. King. Philadelphia, assignor to himself and the United States armory, at Sprinfield, (Mass.) 
Isaac llvneman of eame place, machine for sweeping gut- , . , , , ' 
ters J where numerous experiments in breech-loading 
V E MAGNOLIA. F. A. Jewett, Abingdon, Mass., improvement in thor- cannons were made by himself and others, and 
r-- ° U Sherman S MeLea!n,'^teynales Basin, N. Y„ improvement is thoroughly posted in these matters. He says 
The above figure is an exact representation | cioliusodor ; certainly, it presents a spectacle in imnrovement in harvest- two men ’ 0De to dro P tte cartrid S e and 0De to 
-.. •• ‘ of unrivalled sylvan beauty. Much to be de- ing machines!* ’ S ’ . turn the crank, can manage the largest sized, 
nlnrerl is it that north of New York it will not Wm. Osborn, Louisville, improvement in machines for that now re q U j re f rom e jght to twelve men to 
r 1 ,LU ’ , - pressing bonnets and bonnet frames. . , 
bear the rigor of the winters, and that we are Chas;p a rkhurst and Chas. Weed, Boston, improved rna- work, and that he can discharge any cannon as 
reasonlhlv exoected Tat plums or pears will Y. There were over three thousand blossoms denied the pleasure of seeing it grow freely in tenoning machine. fast as the powder in its cartridges will burn, 
reasonably expec e 1 1 open upon it at once—and for ten years it never the open air. At Philadelphia, it is quite Adonijah Rondel. New York, improved bristle separator. Notwithstanding the cartridges in this peace- 
thrive, unless supplied annually with liberal open upon it at once anaiorienjeaisn c F , . , „ , _. , Toti Edwin a Rnsseii Hookset, N. H., hand stamp. va l, i • * 
dressins-s of rich composts These dressings failed to produce a fine display of blossoms hardy; and in the Bartram Gaidcn, a - Henry a. Rain's, Nashville, improvement in cart saddles, makei did not suit lnm, we saw five success- 
e siD ^ s ‘ , ,, ,, g nnmrillv dreth’s and in various private grounds near Edwards Renwick, New York,improvement m valve ful shots made in twelve seconds. 
i^T^ernTpd from'around one tree and found The most beautiful evergreen tree in America, that city, there are fine specimens 20 or 30 feet m Nathan 0, Scholfield, 8 Norwich, Conn., improvement in Applications for patents in France, England, 
tially removed iromarouna one tree, anaiounu _ ' _ „.i. wirtmnt. mwter.tion and bloomine oroiectilea. and Russia have h*™ • w if 
dreth’s, and in various private grounds near 
porous, gravelly soil m wiiicii iucy »cic — - - - * / */ * , . . ., i orif „ v dno.o.onepwr, ocavci,**.., - - 
bedded. A few days before my visit there had Southern States. There, where it grows in the of this superb evergreen, the ornamental plantei Wra . B slaughter, Chicago, head rest to be used in rail- 
fallen a heavy rain, and this had induced the deep alluvial soil of some river valley, to the would be unpardonable, in our eyes, not topos- T obA Kenoggevnie , Ohio, improvement in har- 
formation of new roots which were puslimgout height of 70 or 80 feet, clothed with its large, sess it in consu eia e a f^d bv the Ene ^R^W Thickens, Brasher Iron Works, N. Y., improved 
f r nm fho old root, that remained sound iust as thick, deep green, glossy leaves, like those of a variety of it, originated from seed by the Eng- R. W Thickens, 
we observe in the case of transplanted trees gigantic Laurel, covered in the season of its lish, called the Exmouth Magnolia, f ^chas. H. Watkins,_New York, improved self-clearing 
during the process of re-rooting. This soil bloom with large pure white blossoms, that per- ommsis,) which is rather haidier, and a Ben j: Weigert, New York, improvement m water-proof- 
needs not only such additions of soft, compact fume the whole woods about it with then de- inoie abundant b oomer, t an e & ^ ^Greenieaf A. Wilburn, Skowhegan, Me., improved grap- 
Wm. B. Slaughter, Chicago, head rest to be used in rail¬ 
road cars. . . , 
Wm. Tinker, KelloggeviUe, Ohio, improvement in har- 
Ve B ^\y Thickens, Brasher Iron Works, N. Y., improved 
V1 Chas. H. Watkins, New York, improved self-clearing 
warlike demonstration on the other side of the 
Atlantic. —Manchester (N. H.) American. 
MANUFACTURE OF LENSES. 
recipe for sticking salve. Pratt & Co., same place, improvement in frames for bleach- one or several pieces, moulded and pressed into 
P.-RAL —I send you, for publication in "wrajf- Barton, RusseMUe, Tenn, assignor to himself the form required for the surfaces; and when 
‘ 1 ^ - ... . and Robert M. Barton, improvement in machines for drill- m ade in several pieces, the required fit of the 
your valuable paper, a recipe ioi makiDg Stack- i U cr aDd dressing ptone. i a * ^ ,1 . • ,, . 
J ^ r f r e - , s i r Levi J. Henry, New York, assignor to Beuj. J. Hart, of several parts is produced by giving the reversed 
ing Salve, of the first quality, for sores and to sa ^ eei m iq uit0 canopy. . required form to metal moulds in which the 
remove pains from the back or side or where ever Abijah D. Stowell, Fulton, assignor to John A. Place, of . 
1 .. same place, improved wheelwright s machine. molten glass is to be run and pressed. Topro- 
they may be. the proportions are as ioilows : ' nh Moore, Trenton. N. J., improvement in the pro- . 
Three por.Bde rosi., «lb. bee^-nx % ft. Brut- - Jpa*. »»-■ ^'» ■»“>"' >“ ~ Z 
toil tallow, and a tablespoonful of sulphur.— VVm. M. Barton, RuRpellville, TeDD.,aF8ip:norto himself . , ■« , ... . 
,v ‘ 7, ’ . . ,. F n ... and Robert M. Barton, improvement in rock drills. the size and number of coucavities and convex- 
Melt them togethei, stir well, pour it into cold Kdward c . sbepbard, New York, improvement in mag- itieg permit. The ordinary lenses are very 
water-take it out Hud pull it and work over neto-electric machines. ^ expensive, for each separate piece must not on- 
about one hour, or till it is quite ig co or anc reissue. ly have its surface formed with great accuracy, 
rib 4U^ „„„ Otbybt. HimBTTT. KrJnm- T/,r,otiion RpntL AltoD. lmnrovements in reamne ma- J b J’ 
loam as will augment its tenacity, but abund- — ■ - - - - - _ | __ 7^ m tv 
ant and frequent supplies of rich manures, such sulphur, a gallon of soft spap, and enough to- -SH fllll I: Sll T jbf it 
as old hot-beds, furnish the requisite supply of bacco water to reduce the whole to the consist- Cj ^ Ca 0 + 
nutriment. ence of paint. This should be done in spring, 
Trees subsisting on this gravelly soil, from before the insect lays its eggs. recipe for sticking salve. 
which all the rich soluble parts escape as T ' r 
through a sieve, are actually starved, as cattle A REMARKABLE APPLE TREE. Eds. Rural :-I send you for publication u 
5 , , . .. , - your valuable paper, a recipe tor making Stick' 
aie upon a aie pas ure. any o e ieo Eds. Rural :—I lately took the following de- j D g Salve, of the first quality, for sores and t< 
were s an in S m ie ° r e,s 0 a 1 c 1 n gai scription of an apple tree growing on the farm remove p a i ns from the back or side or where eve 
den, and the gardener thought that the manure , r , A. , v _ 
...... 1-141 • . . n ■ and near the dwelling house of Deloss Hotch- they ruay be. The proportions are as follows 
and cultivation which they incidentally receiv- . J J 
_ . Li* kiss, in the north-west p 3 . 1 t 01 the town o T'Viepp 1101111 cis rosin ib bppswnx. ib. rnut' 
ed should have been enough ; indeed he studi- \ . „„„„ m T fmmd the pounus rosin, ro- oeesvv ax, / 2 m. u 
, - i.T _. 4 i.„ ...... i_ 4 Cheshire, New Haven Co., Conn. 1 lound the tallow, and a tablesDoonful of sulphur.— 
Lenses are now manufactured in London on 
ing textile fabrics. . a new principle. The object is to produce 
Greenleaf A. Wilburn, Skowbegan, Me., improved grap- a ( J ioptric lens which shall present all the prac- 
pl Clarendon 1 Williams, Franklin, Mo., improved apparatus tical advantages of Fresnel’s annular band lens, 
f ° r jnf LWUmartlf 1 Worcester, improved machine for at so cheap a rate as to admit of its being ap- 
swagingiron. . plied to all purposes requiring intensity of 
The inventor makes dioptric lenses in 
Eds. Rural I send you, for publication in 
Eds. Rural :—I lately took the following de- j n g g a i ve; of the first quality, for sores and to 
scription of an apple tree growing on the farm remove p a i ns from the back or side or where ever 
and cultivation which they incidentally receiv¬ 
ed should have been enough ; indeed he studi- 
I found the 
ously avoided going near the roots lest be circumfe ; ence of tbe tree and it9 branches as 
might injure them. He suspected that pruning j 0 p owg . 
might improve them, and therefore he had 6 inches ' from tUe gr0U nd. 14 ft. 
shortened back the annual shoots until the tops 3^ feet do do .lift. 10 in. 
had grown almost as dense as a broom. This 6 do do do . 14 ft ' 3 m ‘ 
was another error. Where the annual shoots Six feet four inches from the ground the ocy 
toil tallow, and a tablespoonful of sulphur.— VVm. M. Barton, Ruppellville, Terni., assignor to himself 
,, ,, 4 „ „„i,i n.ud Robert M. Barton, improvement in rock drills. 
Melt them together, stir well, pour it into cold Edward C. Sbepbard, New York, improvement it 
water—take it out aiiU pull it and work over neto-electric machines, 
about one hour, or till it is quite light color and re-issue. 
it is fit for use.— Reed BurRITT, Burdett, Schuy- Jonathan Read, AltoD, improvements in reapii 
, „ chines. Patented March 12,1842; extended Merch 
ler Go., N. Y., I 80 G. _ _ 
are shortened it should not be done close, and 
where numerous shoots result from the cutting, 
all but the leader should be pinched early and 
turned into fruit branches, instead of being al¬ 
lowed to grow to the end of the season and then 
cut back. But if the soil is right the knife 
of tbe tree parts into two main branches; the 
largest is 10 feet 6 inches, the other 8 feet 2 
Jonathan Read, AltoD, improvements in reaping ma- J ® 
chines. Patented March 12, 1842; extended Merch 12, ’56. but all the separate pieces must be arranged to 
-- each other, so that when put together they shall 
“ Succotash,” says Mr. Beecher, “ is a liquid 
PAVEMENTS AND HEALTH. 
form a perfect whole. 
tural gravelly soil should be removed from 
around the roots and be replaced with soft, fer¬ 
tile loam, if it could be bad,—if not, to work in 
with a fork a liberal supply of old hot-bed ma¬ 
nure before the setting in of next winter ; and 
subsequently to top dress every Autumn with 
manure or compost, to be left on tbe top of the 
inches. These two immediately part into nine j com p rom i se between corn and beans. It is Every city should endeavor to have its streets Invention to Exclude Dust from Railroad 
smaller branches, measuring, first biancb,5 feet per f e ct when its flavor is that of corn lapsing well p ave d, because health and pavements Lave Cars.— The flying of dust when disturbed rises 
__ 0 „.._ _ 9 inches—second, 5 feet 6 inches—third, 5 feet i n to bean, and of bean just changing into corn. an intimate relationship. In the city of Rome from un der the car, and goes out at its side, 
cut back. But if the soil is right the knife Cinches fouith, 5 feet fifth, 4 feet 7 inches In short, it is a dish whose flavor represents the the utmost watchfulness is exercised respecting an d then passing through the window spaces 
needs only to be used ior tbe purpose of regu- sixth, 4 feet 3 inches seventh, 4 feet 2 inches evaa j s hiDg point of both beans and corn, tp- ^ be pave mentof the streets, because it has been aD d ventilators, fills the cars. To prevent the 
lating the growth, so as to preserve a symmetri- eighth, 3 feet 11 inches ninth, 2 feet 8 inches- wai -ds a mystic vegetable union in some h^p- f oun d that malarian fever is sure to visit every rising of tbe dust at the sides of the car, there 
The average spread oi the branches vlieie the p j er spbere . But to be perfect, there should \ t p ave d locality in it. In the city of Liver- are p l aC ed on the lower edge of the car, near 
fruit would naturally fall, would fill a circle al%vays be a hierephantic bit of pork presiding England, narrow and unpaved streets in tbe wheels, a series of slats placed in a hori- 
twenty-five yards in diameter. ’I he tree ap- over the nuptials, and giving its unctions wh ich the typhus fever used to rage the year ZO ntal frame, extending the length of the car. 
pears tlniity and glowing as it did neai sei tn- bi ess i n g,” round, were rendered healthy by paving — the q^e frame and slats resemble the ordinary Ve- 
ty years ago, y hen I first tasted its Unit, ex- - *' * fever disappearing with the entrance of the ne tian window blinds. The slats turn on their 
cepting one of the small branches, said to have Blackberry Wine.— Hess out the juice from pav i ng stones. axes, so that they may be adjusted to any 
a rotten spot on its side, where I saw a piece of I c air ^ we n ripened blackberries, and allow the -^r e are C011 fident that any city having clean, degree of obliquity. When the cars are in 
cal form. The average spread of the branches where the pier sp h e re. But to be perfect, there should 
As a remedy I suggested that some of then a- fruit wou!d naturally fall, would fill a circle al%vays be a hierephantic bit of pork presiding 
iral gravelly soil should be removed from twenty-five yards in diameter. ’I he tree ap- over the nuptials, and giving its unctious 
ound the roots and be replaced with soft, far- P ears thrift 7 aud S lwiD g as 11 dld near seven ; blessing.” 
le loam, if it could be bad,—if not, to work in years ago, when I first tasted its fiuit, ex- - -•*' * 
ith a fork a liberal supply of old hot-bed ma- cepting one of the small branches, said to have Blackberry Wink.— Press out the juice from 
ire before the setting in of next winter ; and a rotten spot on its side, where I saw a piece of fai well ripeiie d blackberries, and allow the 
nure before the setting in of next winter ; and a rotten spot on its side, where 1 saw a piece ot f a i r> we ll ripened blackberries, and allow the We are confident that any city having clean, degree of obliquity. When the cars are in 
subsequently to top dress every Autumn with zinc placed on and painted. The fiuit is a tail j u j ce to stand thirty-six hours to ferment,skim- paY ed streets and a plentiful supply of motion, as is well known a strong current of 
manure or compost, to be left on tbe top of the green, sweet, winter apple, keeping until the raing it frequently to rgSiove the scum and g 00 d -water, is just as healthy, if not more so, a j r passes in through the slats on each side of 
ground around the tree all winter, and to be_ following month of June. Hie tree is an altei - other impurities. To every gallon of the juicey rt han the majority of rural villages. Stagnant the car and being stronger than the current 
forked down in the spring. b. na te bearer ; five of the branches produce fiuit add one gallon t>f jpnter, and twelve pounds of p £ 0 ] s 0 f water are the well known sources of un der the car drives the dust out under the cars 
-*■-►- one year and four the next. Its height is fifty SU g ar —brown sugar of an inferior quality, will m i asma - paved streets carry off the surface a t the rear end of the whole train. The dust 
APPLE TREE BOKER-—INQUIRY. feet four iuches. It has produced 110 bushels an 8 we r—and permit the liquor to stand twenty- water that would otherwise become stagnant in caim ot pass out on the sides of the car—the 
-. from five of the branches in one season. J have f our hours in an open vessel; skim, strain and numerou8 nooks and hollows. strong current of air coming in through the 
Eds. Rural I would like to have some of seen more than GO bushels gatheied from it in barrel it till spring, then rack off and bottle.— Many villages once afflicted with fever and slats°preventing it, and driving it entirely 
your numerous correspondents informa subscri- one se ason, over fifty years ago. 
ber through your columns if there is any better Philander B. Roys. 
way to get rid of the apple tree borer, (or w r orm Pultnejville, Wajne Co., N. \ ., August, 1850. 
that bores apple trees under the ground,) than A HINT P0K horticultural societies. 
the one he has adopted, viz.: Dig the earth _ 
away from the trunk of the tree sufficient to get The “ Revue Horticole” in git 
away from the trunk of the tree sufficient to get The “ Revue Horticole” in giving an account 8uspen d them in a dry, airy place, with the 
below where they have commenced operation, 0 f the exhibition of the Horticultural Society blossoms downwards. When perfectly dry, 
and take a sharp knife and clean off the bark of Cherbourg, states as “ a fact extremely inter- wrap t h e medicinal ones in paper, and keep 
so as to ascertain where they have entered, and esting,” that a Committee is charged with the t hem f rom the air. Pick off the leaves of those 
then take a short piece of annealed wire, say duty of visiting the Vegetable Markets during w hich are to be used iu cookiDg, pound and 
one foot long, about the size of a coarse knitting the year, in order to designate to the Society g ^ t them fine, and keep the powder in bottles, 
needle—make a short book from one-sixteenth those gardeners who cultivate and sell the best c0lke d up tight. 
to one-eiglitli of an inch long, cut off so as to vegetables. The report of this Committee calls-*—•>- 
make a sharp hook ; then run it up or side- public attention to the best producers, and To Keep Flies of Gilding. —The meat mar- 
barrel it till spring, then rack off and bottle— Many villages once afflicted with fever and s i ats preventing it, and driving it entirely 
Germantown Telegraph. a g ue have become free from it after their streets ou t 0 f t h e way .—Buffalo Courier. 
-- were graded and paved. We recommend this-- 
r I o Preserve Herbs. All kinds of herbs su bject to the attention of all cities and villages American Manufactures. —Half of that class 
should be gathered ou a dry day, just before,oi troubled with malarian fevers ; they will find 0 f ar ti c les known as fancy goods, in common 
while in blossom. Tie them in bundles, ami it, to be of vast importance to look well to tbe use in the country, are manufactured in Ameri- 
suspeml them in a dry, aiiy place, with the CO ndition of their streets.— Scientific American. caQ workshops. Reticules and port monnaies 
make a sharp hook ; then run it up or side- public attention to the best producers, and To Keep Flies of Gilding. —The meat mar- 
ways as the case may require, and thus “ex- creates a salutary emulation among the market ket at Ghent is now completely free of the in¬ 
tract” and destroy the insect. If so let us hear gardeners of that town. tolerable uuisanceof flies. The simple remedy 
from them soon, for the “ varmints” are making 
awful ravages among my trees this season. town, to have a supply of good garden vegeta- with laurel oil (Oleum lauri nobilist) the smell agemeni. ™ —’”’J ure B u PP »u« ! uu 1 B 4 u. P vh» -- - 
Ri„vi„t 0 Nrv Anaiifit 1856 >, 7 4 AA in f u 4 ‘ u i r , . 4 i . .4 ectorsm Paris that the railroads of Russia there is a considerable exportation year y. We 
Big Flats, N. Y., August, 185b. j. y. bles, it seems to me that all local Horticultural of winch the flies cauuot support. Even gut J . • , - . , .... . . / . . 
T> 4 A „ 4 f „ .’ , , , ,1 n , . , , , -4 . rp. would in future be built by private companies, are without competition m toys manufactured 
Remarks. —Any one who can tuinish a bet- Societies would do w T ell to imitate the Cher- frames can thus be preserved unsoued. ihe , J r .. v - . 
, . ,, 4 n i , T . 4 - ,, . i , j but Government would prescribe the lines, f rom ladia rubber, which form the principal 
ter remedy than the one mentioned, will please bourgers. In most of our smaller cities and smell of the laurel oil is not unpleasant, and one . . 11 
. 4 . r .• . 4 - r P , 6 , 4 - 4 , n -n wrnuld guarantee a certain interest on a certain export 
respond. Meantime we quote from Lhomas country towns, this cultivation is in the lowest easily gets accustomed to it!— Builder. ° , , , . " 
'•Fruit OBlturiBt" these remark, ob the sub- po9siblc coBditiBB. B. " ___reasonable cost per m.le aod »ooW share the --" 
jectIt is nearly impossible to save a tree, --- BLacannanY Coanrai.-Add one pound white FO<rts <* *• ^ proY.d.ng a small P iT .»Y OsamE Bujaass -According to the 
unless taken early. At the first, the insect Tiie Horticultural Advertisements iu this 6u „ ar to t y ire e pounds ripe berries, let them sinking fund. Two thousand miles of mad on last report from the Patent Oftice, the patents 
may be cut out with the point of a knife. If and late numbers of the Kural, are worthy the stand one day, and express the juice, straiu it, these terms are contemplated.-V. T. Tnlmm. issued in 1854 exceeded those of 1853 by twen- 
deeper in the wood, it may be extracted by a attention of tbe myriad of its readers who are, and a dd one-third part pure spirit, and a tea- l y P er cent ’ aud those of lSo0 exdeeded 110se 
flexible barbed wire, or punched to death in its or ought to be, making arrangements for plant- sp 00 n f u l finely powdered allspice to every California Enterprise.—A cordage and oak- of 1854 by thirty-three per cent. Among those 
hole by a flexible twig. To prevent the insect ing Trees, Shrubs, Plants, Ac., the present quart 0 f the cordial. Both of these articles are ™ factory has been nearly completed at Pot- issued m 18 d 4 were nine for churns, eight for 
from emerging and laying its eggs, it is doubly Autumn and Fall. Several establishments are excellent in cases of summer complaint. rero, California, which it is estimated can turn corn shelters, eleven cultivators, nine reapers, 
important that this be done early in the prepared to furnish Nurserymen and Dealers, ' _- out 10,000 pounds of rope per day. The rope- fifty-six harvesting implements, various kinds, 
spring ; but the trees should be repeatedly ex- at wholesale. The announcements of Messrs. Fine Whortleberries. —We are indebted to walk is 1,200 feet long. Connected with the thirty-nine seeders, sixteen plows and fourteen 
amined at other periods of the year. To pre- Ellwanger A Barry, of the Mt. Hope Nurse- Mr. Chas. De Witt, the geutlemanly and capa- factory are two buildings for the manufacture straw cutters. In 1S55 nineteen patents weie 
vent the entrance of the borer, remove the soil ries— Thorp, Smith A IIanchett, of the Syra- ble Mail Agent on the Genesee Valley Railroad, of oakum, which can supply 3,000 pounds per given for locks, ten for knitting machines, thir- 
a little about the roots, and then wash the whole cuse Nurseries—A. Fahnestook, of the Toledo for a bountiful supply of as large and fair day. Parties have already offered to contract ty-one for looms, seven for vaiious impiove- 
trunk and larger forks of the branches, with a Nurseries— Overman A Mann, of Illinois—and whortleberries as we have seen for years. They for the raising of hemp in California—a thing ments in the manufacture of paper, and forty 
mixture of tobacco water, soft soap, and flour of other reliable Nurserymen, are severally com- were from Corning—whereabouts we suspect which would in a short time become an impor- for sewing machines, of-which nine were ol 
sulphur. The proportions are, a pint of the mended to the notice of all interested. the clever donor occasionally “goes a berrying.” taut feature in California agriculture. Yankee invention. 
Considering how important it is to every consists in the inner 
town, to have a supply of good garden vegeta- with laurel oil (Oleu 
-*-. 4 *. were imported altogether, a few years ago.— 
Russian Railroads. —Russia has but two rail- Now tbe American manufactured articles are 
roads, both built and worked very extravagant- regarded as superior, and the importation of 
ly by tlie Government. One of 190 miles leads them has entirely ceased. The manufacture of 
from Warsaw to the Prussian frontier; the jewelry and silverware, we have long known, is 
other, of 400 miles, connects St. Petersburg caiT ied on in this country to an extent that pla- 
and Moscow. The latter road cost about $175,- ce s us in a position quite independent of im- 
000 per mile, not on account of engineering portation. In toys, also—by no means an un- 
difficulties—for the country is level—but by important branch of trade—American manufac- 
wall's bavin " been painted ^ ie awkwardness and corruption of its man- tures have made great progress, and in a meas- 
\ ' bT ?1 the smell agement. Count Orloff told the railway pro- U re supplanted the imported articles. In fact, 
these terms are contemplated.— N. Y. Tribune, issued in 1854 exceeded those of 1853 by twen- 
-- ty per cent., and those of 1855 exceeded those 
California Enterprise. —A cordage and oak- of 1854 by thirty-three per cent. Among those 
um factory has been nearly completed at Pot- issued in 1854 were nine for churns, eight for 
rero, California, which it is estimated can turn corn shelters, eleven cultivators, nine reapers, 
out 10,000 pounds of rope per day. The rope- fifty-six harvesting implements, various kinds. 
