\ 
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.] 
“PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.” 
[SINGLE NO. FIVE CENTS. 
Y0LUME YII, NO. J2.S 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. -SATURDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1856. 
'WHOLE NO. 354. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, j too, which are mown thrice every year, and I A still greater loss results from want of drain- 
Aff original weekly each time give a good crop, and have been so age. Especially is this true of our permanent 
agricultural, literary and family journal, mown for ages, contradict this exhaustion the- meadows and pastures, which are generally lo- 
ory. No ! the European farmer, and his land, cated on hind unfitted tor the plow—swampy 
CONDUCTED BY D. D, T. MOORE, , * , ,, . ... r .. . , . , j 
are always on good terms with each other.— or hilly, full of springs and low places just fitted 
WITH AN ABLE CORPS OP ASSISTANT EDITORS. ml . & . . , , . f , t i 
_ The man gives good husbandry, and the land tor holding stagnant water. In low, swampy 
special CONTKIBCTOKS» yields good crops.” lauds, where surface water stands late in spring,' 
A still greater loss results from want of drain- 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
'rr ArJk 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
WITH AN ABLE CORPS OP ASSISTANT EDITORS. 
SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS I 
H. T. BROOKS, Prof. c. dewey, The various modes by which soil that has the cultivated grasses are destroyed and flags , 
T. c. peters, ^ c whi *' e B - langworthy - lost, its fertility can be restored, and which are and rushes soon take their place. If the grass 
_ most extensively adopted, may be called me- “still lives” its value is much deteriorated, and 
The Rural New-Yorker is designed to be unique and chanical and chemical. The first of these will a sickly growth is given, poor as pasture and 
'antifni in appearance, and unsurpassed in Value, Purity and mQre par ti C ularly claim our attention at pres- worthless as hay. The remedy lies in proper 
Reliable Guide on the important Practical Subjects connected ent, as every cultivator possesses t he means to surface drainage, where t he situation is unfa voi- 
■ith the business ot those whose interests it advocates, it briii 0- it into use. The most important of the able to a more thorough course of procedure.— 
ubraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Meehan- . .. . , , , . , , a f ar%T .I,.'- n . A ,.|, nrill ,,1'tt.n save luroplv in in. ? 
The Rural New-Yorker is designed to be unique and chanical and chemical, 
beautiful in appearance, and unsurpassed in Value, Purity and more par licularly dain 
Variety of Contents. Its conductors earnestly labor to make it 1 J # 
kmi, 
mm 
ilwl 
>ws 
Kilf fa? ilis. i 
with the business oi those whose interests it advocates. It 
embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Meehan- L: „ • .15 Heoartment is deeD and tho- A few day’s work will often save largely in in- 
ical, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with many appro- OperaUOUS 1H UU 8 department IS deep anci MO J .. J ,X< U 
priate and beautiful Engravings, than any otherpnperpublished rough tillage. The Boil, as H general rule, is not Crease OI grass, both ID quality and quantity. , 
In this Country,-rendering it a complete Agricultural, Lit- plowed to exceed three or four inches in depth. On hilly, springy land, a ditch to collect the r ) 
BB . A -!IT FAMILYNKWS,, a ,EB ' ... The manures applied are carried by moisture water at the fountain head, instead of allowing _ _ A .. 'St ~ Ji 
mm: m 
In this Country,-rendering it a complete agricultural, Lit- p ) owet i to exceed three or four inches in depth. 
■rary and Family Newspaper. ... . . . . 
, , . , , ... The manures applied are carried by moisture 
Ljgr* All communications, and business letters, should be 11 ^ 
addressed to d. d. t. moore, Rochester, n. y. below to the subsoil, and remain there until 
mm- 
S’C'hTJWwI 
wi [If 
SI m 
The manures applied are carried by moisture water at the fountain head, instead of allowing 
below to the subsoil, and remain there until if to spread over a large space, will often prove 
For Terms, and other particulars, see last page. 
Altai 
brought to the surface by the subsoil plow.— 
Thousands of acres in Virginia that have been 
subjected to this slovenly kind of treatment, 
and have been sold for a mere nothing, now 
of great benefit. Many cases might be cited— 
but every farmer can see in a wet season, where 
drainage is of the first necessity, and where it 
would work wonders in t' e character and value 
rank among the best producing lands in the °f t be crops produced. 
country, and the change lias been wrought in a Dry laud in grass often suffers severely from 
EXHAUST ING T HE SOIL. very ghort period of time by the simple agency poverty of the soil—want of manure—as well 
W B hear and read much concerning exhaust- of deep culture. Fertilizing properties that as from the shallow character of the previous 
l soils. “ Worn out lands,” would seem to be baYe laia hidden for J ears aie turned U P» aB(1 culture. A deep, rich soil will stand drouth 
ed soils. “ Worn out lands,” would seem to be 
the patrimony of many farmers in the Middle, 
Eastern and Southern States. The “ great gun” 
if we may so speak, of the Western Agricultu- 
SHOR r-HORN HEIFER, “ EMPRESS.” 
The Illinois Breeding Association, located I Allf.n’s American Herd Book, is as follows 
Summit, Cook Co, III.,is becoming somewhat Empress —Roan, calved 5th Dec., 1853, and 
the newcomer is put in possession of a soil far better and longer than a hard and poor one. at Summit, Cook Co, til., is becoming somewhat Empress —Roan, calved 5th Dec., 1853, and 
equal to any in its powers of production_rich That culture which gives the best grain and celebrated for its choice stock of Improved Do- got by Vaudall (1,065) out of May Dacre by 
in all the "elements of fertility_and waving root crops, best prepares the land for the growth } mestie Animals — Cattle, Sheep and Swine. Crowder (386,) Milkmaid by Accident (191,) 
ral uress is the rich deen soil of the Jairiemd g rain fields and lu ^ uri ant growth usurp the of clover and the grasses. Let such land be Iu order that our numerous readers throughout 'Lady Macallister, by Pontiac (124) Lady Dur- 
‘ 1 1 ’ ’ b P 1 ‘ , . , , , mi Haunlv nnt rroforj niiH Ts-i.ll momiMil ami wi fli tVws Worf. man Ko nrluisprl na to what I he Asso- ham hv San Martin f2 550 I — the Durham p.nw 
bottoms—in many instances this being from 
twelve to fifteen and even twenty feet in depth. 
There is doubtless in the “ hand to mouth” pro¬ 
place of barrenness and sterility. The under, 
or subsoil, having received more or less of the 
rich deposits upon the surface, and an accumu- 
deeply cultivated and well manured and with the West may be advised as to what the Asso- ham by San Martin (2 559 )—the Durham cow 
or after the first crop, liberally stocked to grass, ciation possesses, we purpose to give portraits imported in 1817. 
and the product will be all that can be desired, and pedigiees of some of the representative an- “ Empress” was bought at the Illinois State 
' ... ‘ ... .. , lofioT, hppn rrninif forward for years in many Upland pastures and meadows may be improv- imals of its herds and flocks in early numbers Fair, where she had taken the first premium as 
ceedings of many of the tillers ot the soil, much ration Deen going iorwaru ior years, in many r r j r r 
cause for deterioration of land subiected as it places it equals the earth aboye in its produc- ed by a top-dressing of fine manure, or ot asLoe, of the Rural New-Yorker. We commence the a yearling, for hve hundred doliais, by Hon. 
. ‘ . . . ... ’ J ’ ino - eanabilities and the farmer who hv con- plaster, hone dust, guano; -tc. Blaster, especi- series this week by presenting the above beau- John Wentworth tor the Illinois Breeding 
Zed bythem mn ?hTt this'w^rTthe^m' stant cropping, has impoverished or worn out ally, should be sown on young clover-it will tiful and valuable Short-horn heifer. Her ped- Association at Summit, Cook Co., Ill., of J. A. 
era! tendencies or unanoidable results ot Amer- his land, cannot restore it to it. original rich- increase its growth and aid it materially in en- i gree, a. published in the second rol-ne ot Baown, her breeder. _ 
ican farming, we beg leave to deny, and the Dess aud fertility in any way so readily and unng t e rst wintei. - ~ “ r . 
with so little expense as by the free use of a 
subsoil plow. 
experiences'^ everyday life, both at home and with 80 ld tle expense as by the free use of a We must give this subject more thorough at- of animals and articles, usually possess and can first class animals. To give you a little idea of 
abroad will, we think, fully sustain our position, subsoil plow. tention. There is no need of spreading our readily impart cogent reasons for their decis- their uniform excellence, I will mention one 
That land from which everything is taken and Impoverished soil can be restored either by a pastures and meadows so thin that tley cover ions - that, when applied to, those who have circumstance. I was honored as one of the 
no returns made, will in the course of time fail frequent rotation of grass, clover, or other forage half our farms. Make them better and we can made awards in very difficult cases, are gene- judges in this department. There were 23 
to produce its average of crops is palpable—but crop fed off upon the soil and receiving the keep more stock or give more acres toother rally prepared to state the why and wherefore Cows shown in the ring. We concluded to 
under R system of Judicious cultivation, where dronnimrs of animals : by vreen crops, such as crops. The more stock the more manure, the in a satisfactory manner, and often mention im- send the best to one side of the ring, m order to 
under a system of judicious cultivation, where droppings of animals ; by green crops, such as crops, me more stocic tne more manure, tne in a sausiactory manner, ami imeu meuuuu mi- ““S ’ 111 
that which is grown upon a field is returned to clover, plowed under, or the application of more manure the better grain, and the greater portant points or items not thought of by com- reduce tlie number to select the prize animals 
it either in the shape of manures, refuse matter barn-yard or mineral manures. In many re- the product and profit of our farms. Improve- petitors. Indeed, the true progressive is of the from. When we had got around we found that 
or the plowing under of green crops—where spects there is a similarity between the soil and ment here, begins at the very foundation of right make and metal to aid in forwarding wehad sentacross21outofthe23ammals!— 
the farmer will carefully husband the various the humanity that stands upon it. The body good husbandry and leads on to progress in the improvement in such organizations, and has al- The competition was very close nearly all 
elements of fertility and give them to the soil, often fails from exhaustion and overwork.— thorough culture of the whole farm—to better ready measurably advanced the interest and through—in some instances so close indeed that 
land instead of deteriorating will improve.— Want of rest, paucity of food, constant excite- crops, better stock, and a better return for our usefulness of his County Ag. Society.” a comparison of the animals side by side could 
Vegetation, while in process of growth, draws ment and slovenliness,are no more detrimental labor. Let us begin the voik at once. If we only decide tlieii meiits. I gi\e below a list 
no inconsiderable portion of its vitality from to the physical well-being of every individual, have any grass lands covered with water late THE KENTUCKY STATE PAIR. of the prizes in the order they are awarded : 
the atmosphere in the form of carbon, and where than the same principles and action carried into in spring, now is the time to drain them. Let qkeat show op short-horns. v .^Branu er ^ our years old '~ Brutus J - cla A J- 0u: ' caD > 
this is given to the soil and incorporated with agricultural economy are to the successful ope- us level down aud fill up, dig out stumps and Friend Moore • I attended the Show of the Three years .— 1st and 2d, R. A. Alexander ; 3d, Wilson, 
it, it inevitably tends to augment its fertility, rations of the farm. A sound mind in a sound stones, and give tlie ever ready grasses room to gtate Agricultural Society, held at Two years.- J. T. McClelland, T. Hughes, J. R. Camp- 
Auimals, in the mastication and digestion ot body is the acme of man’s perfection - right grow and flourish, lie has jeen called a bene- Pamlag '^ eek> i t was t h e ir first State Show, be 'o„ e « Mr -Ja 8 B Clay Royal Duke ” bred bv Mr 
their food, partake of this component to supply principles and well directed labor are the basis factoi of his race, who makes two blades ot aud was au exceed i DO -ly creditable affair. The Thorne,') o.T.Ganard, E. G. BedfVmi. ’ ^ ' 
the demands of the system, vet much of it is and summit of progressive agriculture. grass grow where one grew before, let us ue- . ° t d were „ el i BuU Calves.— C. T. Ganard, A. Rcnick, G. M. Bedford. 
. ... OTir ] . ltAnW _1__ „ _ serve the name an hundred fold. ariangemeuts were very perfect anti were wen cows.-ist. 2d, 3d, R. a. Alexander. 
THE KENTUCKY STATE PAIR. 
a comparison of the animals side by side could 
only decide their merits. I give below a list 
of the prizes in the order they are awarded : 
the demands of the system, yet much of it is and summit of progressive agriculture. 
retained in their excrements, and, should the —-- 
soil, from which their provender is removed, MEADOWS AND PASTURES, 
receive the total of the droppings a higher 
standard of fertility would result. Gras9 is a favorite of Nature ’ 8 P ! 11 >g la g ”P 
An Ohio gentlemen, Chas. Rkemelin, at pres- fresl1 and g reen witbout our caro almost ever y- 
ent in Europe, writes, to the Ohio Farmer, on where - 80 that we have come often 1 
this subject, as follows : our meadows and P astures - We leav< 
“ We read in America much of the ‘ exhaust- take care of themselves, when, with i 
SEASONABLE PARAGRAPH. 
Bulls, over four years old .—Brutus J. Clay, J. Du>.can, 
GREAT SHOW OP SHORT-HORNS. S- Brant. 
Friend Moore :-I attended the Show of the Ci ^ e at ^ ars - lBt and 2d ’ B- A- Alexaader 5 3d > 
Kentucky State Agricultural Society, held at Two years. —J. T. McCl elland, T. Hughes, J. R. Camp- 
PariS last week. It was theil fiist State show, One year. —Jaa. B. Clay, (“ Royal Duke,” bred by Mr. 
and was an exceedingly creditable affair. The Thorne,) O.T.Ganard, E. G. Bedford. 
oJ BuU Calves _ C ' t. Ganard, A. Renick, G. M. Bedford, 
arrangements were very perfect aud were well Cows ._ lst , 2 d, 3d, R. A. Alexander. 
carried out, and with the hope that our own Three years.— Benj. Warfield, J. Duncan, R. Alexander. 
_ . , , . , _ Two years.— E. Warfield, R. A. Alexander, B. J. Clay. 
Society may make some improvements, I men- Qne year .-R. a. Alexander, G. M. Bedford, C. T. Ga- 
arrangements were very perfect aud were well C ows.-ist. 2d, 3d,R. a. Alexander. 
carried out, and with the hope that our own Three years.—Benj. Warfield, J. DuncaD, R. Alexander. 
_ . , , . , f _ Two years.— E. Warfield, R. A. Alexander, B. J. Clay. 
Society may make some improvements, I men- Qne year .-S.. a. Alexander, G. M. Bedford, C. T. Ga- 
tion some that I consider of the most impor- na ^ - .. „ , 
Heifer Calves.— 1st, 2d, R. A. Alexander ; 3d, C. T. 
fresh and green without our care almost every- As the season of holding Ag. Fairs is nearly tance. G ^Twkvp^takes —Best bull R t A’ • ■ 
where, so that we have come often to neglect over, and certain exhibitors are dissatisfied Each day is set apart lor some particular ex- Ale^nd P er TAKES ‘ ’ ' exaQt - ei ' ; estc0w ’ 
our meadows and pastures. We leave them to with the results or awards of premiums, perhaps hibition, which is contained in a published Herd Premium. 1st, r, a. Alexander; 2d, B. J. Clay, 
take care of themselves, when, with a share of the following extract from an Address which programme, and hut one class is on exhibition This was the only breed of cattle shown at 
the attention which we give to other crops, we we delivered “once on a tune,” may suggest to at the same time. The grounds are provided this exhibition, and the only thorough-bred 
ed soil of Europe ’ I have seen none of it — tne auenuon wmeu we give io oiner crops, we - - -- —/ —a. 6 -- ■— r-— —-“» *— "“’•J' 
So far from I ein ' exhausted I think the soil might largely increase their value, and find that parties interested that the officers and judges with a large amphitheater which will comforla- cattle the Kentuckians approve. In this respect 
of*Enrolled now^etterThan’ ever'and thaTit labor as ^ e11 re P ald as an y performed upon the complained of are not always the only persons bly scat all of the spectators,—and all of the your correspondent very highly appreciates 
, ". ‘ . , , , ‘ farm. A lawe share of our landed capital is at fault in the premises : animals are shown, according to the programme, their good judgment, as a matter ot course. 
a little reflection, coupled with the proper ob¬ 
servance of European agriculture, must lead to 
the conviction that the soil of Europe is con- 
is made to yield larger crops than ever. How farm- A lar g e share of our landed capital is at fault in the premises : animals are shown, according to the programme, their good judgment, as a matter ot course, 
can soil be exhausted, which has, for centuries required to produce the one item of forage, and « The Progressive Farmer is an active and in this ring. For instance, Tuesday was set The show of Horses was very fine, though 
received plentifully of manures, and manures did we examine into the subject, we should find influential member of his Township and County down tor the show of Cattle, hirst the Short- the best part of this exhibition was set down 
made upon the best possible systems ? I think man y au acre 1 Q pasture or meadow gives Ag. Societies—and not only contributes to their horn bulls that were over four years old were for Saturday, and we left Paris on Thursday 
a little reflection, coupled with the proper ob- but a meagre return of profit, or worse, perhaps, funds and attends their meetings and shows, led into the ring. No persons except the judges afternooniortheNationalExhibitionatPhila- 
servanco of European agriculture, must lead to entails an annual loss upon the owuer. It will but annually exhibits some of the products of and marshals were allowed inside, ihe ani- delphia. lhere were some fine Sheep and 
the conviction that the soil of Europe is con- scarcely answer to keep land worth from $40 his skill and industry. Knowing’ the benefits mals were examined and the judges commenced Swine, but the great feature of this exhibition 
stantly receiving more back in manure, ifcc., to per acre, in poor pasture, or in any con- of such aNSociations, when properly conducted, by giving to the first prize animal a blue rib- was Cattle and Horses. 
than is taken away in products. Of all farm dition but that which calls for its best results, he earnestly strives to “ act well bis part” in bon, to the second prize red, ifcc. these were The attendance up to Wednesday was quite 
products the atmosphere and rains furnish the whatever may be the crop to which it is devoted, their control and management — instead of immediately placed upon the animals, and they small, owing to the extreme chilly weather. It 
larger quantity of its component parts, and We do not give adequate attention to seeding standing aloof, and afterwards complaining of wei’e all walked around the ring, that the spec- snowed iu Kentucky Wednesday morning, Oct. 
whenever a proper system of manuring exists, our grass land. Many an acre is now mown or the faults of omission and commission, which tutors could see that ju^ce was done. The bell 1—an instance of the kind never before occur- 
the ground must become constantly enriched, pastured, which never received a thimblefull of his presence, voice and influence might have pre- was now rung, music struck up (a fine baud ring, so far back as the recollection of the oldest 
In Europe, manure is the ever-present idea of seed from the hand of man. It may produce vented. Though he may not fully approve of was in attendance,) and the next class (bulls inhabitant extends. The frost has injured their 
the farmer, and by gathering all offals, and rna- grass, but. many other plants—weeds, rather, some of the modern attractions at our Fairs, he between 3 and 4 yeais,) hi ought in. In this com to a gieat extent. Ihe country about 
kin- manure iu every conceivable way, he does occupy a portion of the space and pay no rent is usually there or thereabouts when the stock, way the entire exhibition was gone through Paris is very fine, and with their fine range of 
not only by green manuring, such as plowing therefor. Had the good seed been sown there implements, grain, seeds, fruits, vegetables, <fcc., with. You can see at once the convenience of blue grass pastures and beautiful shade trees, 
clover under, but by stable, factory, street and would have been few vacancies for the bad, and are exhibited in competition. Moreover, he is this arrangement. Wednesday the horses were and usually mild climate, the Kentuckians can 
dwelling manure, take good care to return to valuable forage would have covered the whole often awarded a premium in one or more de- shown, and under the same general arrange- certainly rear as good cattle and horses as any 
mother earth the rental she requires, and to do surface. In seeding new land, too little care payments ; yet, if he fails of a prize, he omits ments, <fcc. other country in the world. About the only 
it without grudging and with compound inter- is given to preparing for the seed—on new aud the choice expletives said to have been used by The show of Short-horns was probably the thing that seems to be wanting is pure water. 
est. Soil is only there exhausted where crops old we sow too small a quantity—saving a dol- a certain “ army in Flanders,” and resolves to best exhibition ever made in the world. I The most of the water for their stock is sup- 
are raised which are entirely removed, and of lar in seed to lose ten in hay or pasture. To try again next year. For he is fully aware that never saw anything li ke its equal, and several plied by making ponds. These are formed by 
which nothing is returned to the soil— for in- varieties we also give too little heed—forget- the best men aud judges frequently differ iu persons who have attended the English shows scoomng out a large basin in some natural hol- 
stance, tobacco. This is very little the case in ting that the different grasses are in their prime opinion, and sometimes make mistakes in the assure me that they never saw it equaled in low, containing from a half to even one or two 
Europe. The tine wheat crops, which smile for only a short part of the year, and that by a hurry and confusion of our Rural Exhibitions, that country. There were exhibited probably acres. These fill with water during the heavy 
upon the traveler, as he is rushed past them by due mixture of varieties we may keep our past- Furthermore, instead of hastily condemning the some 200 head, and in all this vast number not rains, and the soil has the property of retaining 
railroad speed, would be an impossibility, if the ures green from early spring until the suow Society or Judges, he reflects that those best a single animal could be selected as ordinary, it nearly the entire year. They have expe- 
idea of exhaustion were true. The meadows, covers them from our sight. qualified to decide as to the comparative merits They were all entitled to a very high rank as rienced a severe drouth in Kentucky this sea- 
