9 
said that every person, in his lifetime, eats a peck 
of dirt—if so, the cider-drinker gets a half bushel. 
If the juice of good, sound and clean apples, 
free from all impurities, could be obtained, and by 
the means of the addition of sugar be brought to 
the density required for making domestic wine, and 
filtered free from pomace, it would produce a cordial 
in no respect inferior to that article, and be a cider 
as is cider. 
The process now mostly in vogue of making by 
the spiked cylinder, or grating process, is a most 
wasteful operation, as it takes from 10 to 12 bush¬ 
els of apples to make a barrel—one-third of the 
pomace is left of the size of kernels of corn, from 
which no juice can be expressed by the means 
used, and is lost. There is no doubt but there are 
30 gallons of juice in six bushels of sound apples, 
and if a contrivance could be invented to express, 
at one operation, the juices free and the pomace 
dry—as in the working the sugar cane—it would 
be the ne plus ultra of cider-making, and I have 
no doubt but some ingenious Yankee will yet 
effect it and make a fortune. L. B. Manly. 
Monroe Co., N. Y., 1858. 
* The journal from which we copied the article re¬ 
ferred to substituted “ Sulphate” for “ Sulphite" of lime, 
which we understand to be a salt formed by a combina¬ 
tion of sulphurous acid with lime as the base. 
Rural Spirit of tljc Press. Agricultural itlisccllauu. 
WijjjjMWfntfm 
Vlftb .iSYv r / 
AJS~ ALDERNEY T3TTXjXj. 
OUR PLANK ROAD. 
It was a pretty thing when it was new. What a 
luxury to roll easily along while travelers on the 
common roads were wading in mud! “ Progress 
and Improvement” seemed to be the motto, and 
“Excelsior” the watch-word of the day. The few 
hard-fisted fogies who growled at the exactions 
made upon their purses at the toll-gates, were voted 
behind “ the age.” Alas, and alas ! Hardly two 
years passed ere stockholders, who had fondly 
dreamed of ample dividends, began to shake their 
heads; and a little later to “give signs of woe that 
all was lost!” The patronizing public bore the 
jolting from sharp hemlock knots reasonably well 
for a time, but, at last, they caved ! All came to 
regard the thing as a great waste of excellent 
timber, that for other purposes would be exceed- 
, ingly valuable. They learned that there is not 
wear enough in a hemlock plank, if extending 
through a term of years, to pay original cost and 
provide means to replace with new when the old is 
worn out. The sixteen thousand dollar outlay is a 
total loss! And this is not all. We had a tolera¬ 
ble road before the Company took possession, but, 
men of Mars! what have we now? Was a more 
jagged thing ever dignified with the name high¬ 
way ? Holes and pit-falls,—plank lying lengthwise 
of the road or floated off to the region of tides,— 
broken sluice-ways, and bridges careening from 
the perpendicular, are its lest characteristics! An 
old-fashioned log-way is “ a king” to it, for in a 
new country such roads are looked for; while in 
old settled regions the traveler reasonably calcu¬ 
lates to move along at the usual rate of speed with¬ 
out imminently risking his spinal column. What 
is to be done ? The road must be fixed, but how ? 
Should plank (what there are left) and stringers be 
buried under, or hauled out of the way? Which, 
in the long run, is found to be the cheaper and 
better plan ? A Subscriber. 
-♦-♦■4- * 
npWS HOLDING THEIR MILK, r 
Dear Rural :— It is the practice of those who 
meet together at fairs to discuss the various sub¬ 
jects which come under their notice, and to give 
and receive such light as may be communicated. 
There is one subject which often comes up, and no 
sure remedy seems to have been generally discov¬ 
ered ; or, if so, it has escaped my notice. I refer 
to the fact so often inquired about at agricultural 
meetings, of cows Voiding up their milk. There is 
many a noble cow entirely worthless because she 
will not give down her milk, unless the calf is to 
be accommodated thereby. I have just such p cow, 
and was compelled for four months, to first let the 
calf in to induce her to give down. At last, one 
day as I was absent, my wife milked the cow, with¬ 
out turning in the calf,—being unable to handle 
him,—and found no trouble. On learning this, I 
concluded there must be some peculiarity in the 
manner of her milking, and on inquiry found she 
milked with only one hand at a time. This, of 
itself, may seem trivial; but when we consider 
that a cow never holds up her milk from her calf, 
and that the calf never asks but one teat to give 
milk, the nearer we imitate the calf the more cer¬ 
tain will we be to obtain the milk. Now, this may 
not prove effectual in all cases; but it has never 
failed with my cow—whereas, previous to that, 
nothing would induce her to give down her milk 
but the calf. In this locality, where butter sells at 
40 cents a pound, and milk at 10 cents a quart, we 
do not consider this subject beneath our notice. 
Should the spirit move me at a future time, 
I might trouble you with some facts relative to the 
horticulture of this new land—for exciting as has 
been the contest here, the quiet and peaceful culti¬ 
vation of the soil is now the occupation of a great 
majority of the settlers of Kansas. Already fruit 
trees have arrived from the Rochester nurse¬ 
ries, and may the time not be distant when the 
Rural will have a large circulation here. 
Wyandott, K. T., 1858. Daniel B. Hadley. 
--♦-•-*- 
Scratches —A Cure. — T., of Dansville, N. Y., 
will find that by taking a soft or fresh corn cob 
and using warm dish-water, or warm water and 
castile soap, (I prefer the former) and rubbing the 
affected part with the cob, dipping it frequently in 
the water, until he has the scruff all off and per¬ 
fectly clean— then drying it with a cloth and apply¬ 
ing the following salve — rubbing it well, that it 
will take but a few greasings until the horse is per¬ 
fectly cured. I have used this method repeatedly 
for 30 years, and have never known it to fail.— 
Scrape from the outside of the iron pots used for 
cooking, the soot, or black that is on them, with a 
case knife, and then mix tallow with it until it 
forms a good salve, or paste, and rub the scratches 
with it after being cleansed, three or four times, or 
even six times, if necessary. An improvement will 
be seen immediately. The horse should be kept in 
the stable or out of the mud until he is cured, or 
nearly so.—A. Fahnestock, Toledo Nurseries, 1859. 
During the progress of the Tenth Volume of 
the Rural, we purpose to present our readers 
with illustrations of the various breeds of Cattle, 
Horses, Sheep, etc., together with brief descrip¬ 
tions of their peculiar characteristics. To this 
end we give an engraving of an Alderney Bull, the 
representative of a breed of small cattle found in 
France and the islands along the French coast. 
To the eye they exhibit but little symmetry of 
form ; color light red, yellow, dun or fawn , short, 
wild-horned, deer-necked, thin, and small boned. 
Youatt says of them : —“They are found mainly 
in gentlemen’s parks and pleasure grounds, and 
they maintain their occupancy there partly on ac¬ 
count of the richness of their milk, and the great 
quantity of butter which it yields, but more from 
"WORN-OUT LANDS-SEEDING TO GRASS. 
Eds. Rural :—Wishing to give you some of my 
experience in a long course of agricultural opera¬ 
tions, I send the following: 
Some years ago I owned a farm in New Hamp¬ 
shire, comprising a variety of soil, among which 
was a piece of “ old N. E.” pine plain land, so ex¬ 
hausted by continued cropping that it was consid¬ 
ered worthless. In fact, it was so run down that 
for years before I came in possession, it had lain as 
waste land. It would not sward over, except in 
small patches, and it had the appearance of being 
entirely exhausted. I drained a small maple swamp 
adjoining, where the muck was from 6 to 10 feet 
deep, then I dug out the muck and carted it upon 
one acre of the land, to try an experiment. Seven¬ 
ty-five or eighty ox-cart loads were dumped down— 
half a load in a pile — which lay until the next 
spring, when it was spread and plowed under, then 
marked out for corn, feet apart, and manured 
in the hill with twelve loads of rotten manure.— 
Now for the result:—I harvested fifty bushels of 
good shelled corn from that acre, and the ensuing 
spring sowed to rye and grass. The rye was fair, 
and the grass took well. It remained in grass nine 
years. Some years I think we cut more than one 
tun J and none of the yeaijsJess than a ttpi to the 
ac rij. The next'acre adjoirTg, of the sante quality 
of (soil and the same worn-out appearance, was 
managed in the same way precisely, as to muck 
and manure, and planted to corn. I harvested 50 
bushels—the same as the first piece — and sowed 
down the next spring with oats and grass. I har¬ 
vested 50 bushels of excellent oats, the grass took 
nearly as well as it did on the first piece, but it did 
not flourish, and there was not more than half a tun 
on the acre, yet the seasons were very near alike. 
Noiv, what occasioned the failure of the crop of 
grass on the second piece? Was it the oat crop? 
I am inclined to think it was. Since that time I 
have sown a part of a piece to wheat and a part to 
oats, on the same kind of land, side by side, on the 
same day, and I have invariably found the grass 
crop about one-third larger on land sown with 
wheat, rye, barley, &c., to that sown with oats. 
Collins, N. Y., 1858. w. 
-»-•-♦- 
WOODEN DRAINS. 
Messrs. Eds.: —Wooden pipe, I perceive, is ad¬ 
vertised in the Rural, for conveying water. I can 
give some information concerning their durability, 
as I have put down many hundred rods. My work 
was chiefly in the northern part of Massachusetts 
and southern part of New Hampshire. I com¬ 
menced about forty years ago, and followed the 1 
business for several summers, together with mak- • 
ing pumps out of pine logs, and during this time I 
relaid several old lines. The owners would tell J 
me how long they had been laid, which was gener- , 
ally from eight to fourteen years — the logs used, , 
pine, from five to nine inches in diameter. In some ■ 
of the lines I found logs sound enough to relay, by , 
renewing the joints. This depended on the kind 
of soil they were in — in a coarse gravelly soil 
they decayed fast, but in clayey ground that was < 
moist or wet, they would last much longer. I once 
relaid a line of logs that led a part of the way thro’ 
a swamp, where there was mud and water all the 
year —the other part was dry land of a clay nature. 
They told me that the logs had been laid twenty- 
eight years — those on the dry land were decayed, 
those in the swamp were apparently as sound as 
ever, except at the joints. I took them up, re¬ 
moved the joints, and laid them down again. We 
can see from this that it depends wholly on the 
ground they are laid in. When I discovered the 
joints failed first, I adopted a remedy, by taking a 
a cotton cloth about three inches wide, covered 
one side with tar, and wound round the little end 
of the log, then put the joints together, and they 
lasted much longer. 
I came to Marcellus, N. Y., in 1828, and since 
then have laid a few lines, but mostly with tama- 1 
rac logs, they make a very pretty aqueduct, but ' 
not so durable as pine. In dry gravelly land, or 1 
coarse sand, I would recommend cement as best 1 
and more durable. Amery Willson. 1 
Marcellus, N. Y., 1858. 1 
Economy, joined to industry and sobriety, is a i 
better outfit for business than a dowry. i 
the diminutive size of the animals. Their ugliness 
is passed over upon these accounts; and it is 
thought fashionable that the view from the break¬ 
fast or drawing-room should present an Alderney 
cow or two grazing at a distance.” Their milk, as 
has been stated, is very rich — giving more butter 
per quart than any other — but the quantity is 
small, and as they are voracious eaters they will 
not answer iii-thc dairy where that business is 
followed for profit. Where the excellence of the 
article is considered, and not the expense, the 
Alderney cow will be found fitted. When dried, 
they fatten with much rapidity, and this feature 
may be called their great excellence. They do 
not possess sufficient merit to commend them to 
practical agriculturists in this country. 
Inquiries ani) itnSwers. 
White Guiena Fowls.— (IF. L. G., Fairfield, 
Mich.) — Edward Onion, of Dedham, Mass., will 
give you all the information you require. 
Removing Grease from Skins. — Will you inform 
me through the Rural the best and easiest way of re¬ 
moving grease fronrT'the skins of fur animals—those that 
are very greasy?—B. I. G. Hunter, liusliford, N. Y, 
1859. _ 
Water Lime. — 1 wish to know what is Water Lime, 
or Hydraulic Cementt What is it chemically? To 
what is its resistance to water due ? Is it good for any¬ 
thing agriculturally, after age and exposure to damp¬ 
ness have spoil;d it for plastering cisterns? — S. M., 
Newport, Wis., 1859. 
Mortar made from common lime, when placed 
in water, gradually softens and disentegrates, the 
lime dissolving an \ mixing with the water. Lime¬ 
stone, which contains about 20 per cent, of clay, 
{silicate of alumi\a) when burnt, gives a lime 
which possesses the property of hardening under 
water, and is caUfcd Water Lime, or Hydraulic 
Cement. Nearly^!good for agricultural purposes, 
we should think,common refuse lime. 
A Corn House J anted. —Has the Rural any plans 
for a Corn IIou.si-i^HiyLjst of designs for farm build- 
:..gs'/ 'Slutv ^lu^OfnaW of old Monroe? have been 
compelled to abandon v heat-growing, there is, conse¬ 
quently, more corn produced, and the curing or drying 
the same after husking has become of considerable 
importance. The curing in small cribs will do, but is 
not convenient for storing and saving after it is dry, in 
many respects. I am desirous of building a Corn House 
with a small granary in it, and having the same con¬ 
venient,—sure fire against mice and rats , and so con¬ 
structed as to cure thoroughly the newly husked corn, 
without mould or black mildew. Now, if you have any 
plans on hand, or if some of your numerous subscribers 
will be kind enough to give us them, or their views 
through the Rural, it will be gratefully received.—II. 
B. II. North Rush, N. Y., 1859. 
Warts on Cows’ Teats. —Will some of your numer¬ 
ous readers give information through the Rural how 
to take warts off of a cows’ teat, and prevent them from 
coming on? I have a valuable young cow whose teats 
are covered with them—some nearly an inch long. I 
presume such information has been given, but as I am 
a new subscriber, I have not seen it—W. B. P., Bu¬ 
chanan, Mich., 185S. 
"Washing in alum water is strongly recommend¬ 
ed. Another remedy is composed of equal parts 
of neat’s foot oil, beefs gall, spirits of turpentine, 
and old brandy—shake well before using, and ap¬ 
ply once each day. 
Cough in Horses.— Will you, or some of the readers 
of the Rural, please give me a little imformation thro 
your paper? I have a young horse which took cold last 
winter which produced a cough. I gave him medicine 
one of the M. D.’s prescribed, but with no good effect. 
Through the summer his cough nearly subsided, but 
when I began feeding hay in the fall, he again com¬ 
menced coughing. Now, if any one will inform me 
what will effect a cure, he will greatly oblige—A. G., 
Scott, Penn., 1859. 
In the treatment of simple colds, a few warm 
mashes, warm clothing, and a warm stable are gen¬ 
erally all that is necessary. Sometimes a little 
relaxing physic may be given to advantage. Dadd 
recommends 4 ounces each of slippery elm, Indian 
turnip, elecampane, skunk cabbage and caraway 
seeds—all powdered. Dose, half an ounce twice 
a day, in gruel. While administering medicine, 
the horse should be deprived of water, and be made 
to drink of slippery elm or flaxseed tea. Where 
the cough has become chronic, a blister extending 
from the root of oDe ear to that of the other, tak¬ 
ing in the whole channel, and reaching six or 
eight inches down the windpipe, has often been 
tried with good effect. Feeding has much influ¬ 
ence upon a chronic cough. Too much dry feed 
increases it, and one of the best things that can be 
used as a portion of the animal’s daily fodder are 
carrots. The authority before quoted says “ for 
an old chronic cough that seems likely to wear the 
animal out, and also the patience of its owner, 
depending perhaps on some organic change, or 
irritable state of the respiratory surfaces, use 
counter irritation, and give a dose of the follow¬ 
ing, night and morning:—Equal parts of pleurisy 
root, licorice, lobelia, sulphur, sassafras, and blood- 
root—all powdered. Dose, one ounce, night and 
morning, for the first two days; then omit the 
morning dose. To be mixed with the food.” 
Chinese Sugar Cane as Fodder. 
In the December issue of the American Farmer, 
Mr. M. B. Shepherd, of Fluvanna Co., Virginia, 
vrites thus relative to the value of the Sorghum as 
ood for stock : — “I have now grown the second 
crop of the Chinese Sugar Cane; I have fed it 
freely to horses, cattle and hogs—to the two former 
n both a green and cured state; I have found that 
they thrive finely on it. From the great drouth we 
have had, the corn crop is a short one—hence, I 
have given my fattening hogs but little so far ex¬ 
cept sugar cane, and they are now fat. The seed I 
have ground with or without corn for my horses ; I 
consider it one of the safest and most profitable 
crops we raise.” 
Feeding Carrots to Horses. 
A correspondent of the Working Fanner 
writes that his attention has lately been called to 
the best mode of feeding carrots to horses, and 
after many experiments he has arrived at the fol¬ 
lowing conclusions: — “ The carrots should be 
sliced by an ordinary root cutter, and fed at the 
time the animal gets his regular feed. If the 
horse has been fed with four quarts of oats at a 
time, give him two quarts of oats and two quarts 
of sliced carrots; by such a practice the nitroge¬ 
nous part of the oats has no chance to pass off in a 
fluid state, but combines with the pectin of the 
carrot and forms a gelatinous substance that is 
retained to supply the wants of the body, and give 
muscular strength to the animal. Carrots alone 
are not as good as oats for a working horse, but 
carrots, and oats fed according to the above direc¬ 
tions, are better than oats.” 
Aiv Important Question. 
In a recent number of the New England Fann¬ 
er, the question “ Can corn fed to hogs be made 
to pay west of Ohio?” is raised, and Mr. Stearns, 
of Felchville, Vt., gives his views as follows:— 
“ Corn fed to swine can be made to pay almost 
anywhere by proper management. However fer¬ 
tile land may be, I do not believe you can farm it 
long without manure. Therefore, in feeding corn 
to hogs, have an eye to the manure. In fattening 
swine, the meat is one object and the manure is 
equally another. When pork is worth six cents 
per pound, you get seventy-five cents per bushel, 
in pork, for your corn; and with proper manage¬ 
ment, you get, in the long run, seventy-five cents 
more in manure. Turn your pigs into your or¬ 
chard up to the middle of August; then put them 
into the sty, with a good yard, into which throw 
turf, muck, leaves, sawdust, or anything to absorb 
the ammonia. Sawdust, usually wasted, is much 
more valuable than many imagine. When thrown 
into hog-yards or stables, it proves a good absorb¬ 
ent, and forms a most valuable fertilizer.” 
A. Cheap XUilter.’ 
In some situations spring water cannot be 
obtained, hence rain water is employed for all do¬ 
mestic purposes. To render it fit for drinking and 
cooking, it requires to be filtered, as showers car¬ 
ry down insects and their ova from the atmosphere 
and dust from the roofs upon which they fall. It 
is best to purify rain water before it enters the 
cistern, and for this purpose a good filter can be 
made by any person at the cost of only fi few shil¬ 
lings. 'ftiC way to do this, saj^j tinf Satdtidtjtc 
American, is as follows:—Construct a tolerably 
large and stout wooden box, with a hole in the 
bottom, or at the side near the bottom, and in 
connection with a pipe leading into the cistern; 
nail a coarse cotton or linen cloth over its bottom 
inside, and then fill it up to within three inches of 
the top with layers of clean gravel, sand, and char¬ 
coal, and over the top of these secure a stout cloth. 
Into this box lead the pipe, and, as the rain passes 
through it to the cistern, it will be purified and 
fitted for drinking or any other purpose. The top 
cloth of this filter can be easily removed and fre¬ 
quently washed. At a little extra cost, this filter 
may be made so as to rotate on an axis to be 
turned upside down, and washed out by making 
clean water rush from its bottom through to the 
top. It is necessary to make such filters some¬ 
what large to carry off water rapidly during heavy 
showers. 
Benefits of" Underdraining. 
John S. Lacey, of Harrison Co., Ohio, writes 
the Ohio Cultivator thus :—“ Some 16 years ago I 
began to underdrain in a small way, without ex¬ 
perience, only what I had gathered from writings 
on the subject, which was very limited at that day. 
In a very short time I began to realize the benefits, 
and, as my draining increased, my desires increas¬ 
ed much faster than the drains. At this time I am so 
thoroughly convinced of their great importance, 
that unless I have dried up some wet, swampy, or 
too level spots on the farm every year, I feel I 
have neglected my own interest, and that of my 
family and posterity. I do this work in spring 
and fall—the most in the fall, being the more pleas¬ 
ant time to work in wet land. I have stone and 
use them. I have thought if I had not stone I 
would make a kiln of bricks 8 inches long, 4 
inches broad, 2 inches thick, set them on end on 
the bottom of drain, 4 inches apart, lean tops to¬ 
gether, lay over them some straw, and fill up. Let 
me urge my brother farmers to a trial on a small 
scale, with tile, stone, brick or wood, the one most 
convenient and cheap. I have faith to believe if 
you make one trial the good work will go on. I 
have made of these drains upwards of three and 
one-half miles. My mode of constructing them is 
to sink the trench about two feet deep at the low¬ 
est place to be drained, from there to some suita¬ 
ble outlet, then take stone 8 or 10 inches broad, 
stand them on the bottom, 4 or 5 inches apart, 
lean tops together, cover the tops closely with 
straw or litter and fill up—when you have a main 
drain completed, you can branch as many arms on 
either side as you please. I have long since de¬ 
clared war against the crawfish tribes on my farm, 
and I consider every drain I make an effective 
piece of artillery added to my battery, which plays 
day and night against the strongholds of the ene¬ 
my. It gives me great satisfaction to say several 
strongholds of the enemy have been taken, and 
those not slain are banished, and other tribes are 
in council considering the propriety of beating a 
speedy retreat*” 
The Agricultural Fress enters upon the year 
1859 with renewed vigor, and better prospects and 
promises of augmented success and usefulness, 
than for many years preceding. MaDy of our ex¬ 
changes apparently commence the year hopefully, 
evincing an earnest and progressive spirit, and we 
trust their efforts will be crowned with abundant 
success — that those who labor in the cause will 
be amply remunerated, and their readers and the 
public generally greatly benefited. Among other 
improvements, we observe that the Michigan Far¬ 
mer has been changed from a monthly to a weekly, 
and is now a handsome quarto of 8 pages—another 
evidence that farmers arc progressing. We wish 
it success.-The Boston Cultivator' has also made 
an improvement — for it not only appears in new 
and beautiful type, but has changed its general 
appearance by ignoring that “awful” border 
which has marred its pages some ten or fifteen 
years, and donning more modern and tasteful sur¬ 
roundings. The world is moving.- Emery’s 
“Journal of Agriculture and Prairie Farmer” 
also appears in a new dress and tasty vignette 
heading, with Prairie Farmer as the main title.- 
The last No. of the Maine Farmer announces the 
retirement of Mr. R. Eaton, who has been its suc¬ 
cessful publisher for the past fifteen years, and that 
Messrs. Homan & Stanley, former publishers of 
the Gospel Banner, are his successors. We hope 
Mr. E. retires with a competency. The Farmer 
will probably continue under the supervision of 
Dr. E. Holmes, its long-time capable editor. 
Wool Grower and Stock Register. —As we 
are almost daily receiving-inquiries and orders for 
this journal, formerly published by us, we again 
state that it was merged in the Rural New- 
Yorker some two years ago — and that we cannot 
supply complete sets of the work. Though tolerably 
well sustained, the W. G. and S. R. was discon¬ 
tinued because many of its subscribers preferred 
the Rural, on sight and examination. Perhaps 
we made a mistake in sending specimens of the 
Rural to its readers, but if so it is too late to re¬ 
pent, and we are satisfied with the result. The W. 
G. and S. It. is not the only monthly that has had 
to succumb to the more varied, interesting and 
progressive weeklies. 
Native Wine. —Among those who have favored 
us with samples of wine of theirown manufacture, 
not before acknowledged, are the following: — 
E. Ferguson, of this city, a fine article of wine 
made from the Clinton grape. This has more of 
that nutty flavor, peculiar to foreign wines, than 
any other native wine we ever tasted. W. II. II. 
Barton, and Dewey & Munroe, of Rochester, ex¬ 
cellent samples of Isabella grape wine. Mr. Bar¬ 
ton was awarded first premium on Isabella wine 
at our last Co. Fair. Henry Squires, also of this 
city, unusually fine currant wine. Albert Deve- 
raux, of Clyde, two samples (one two years 
old and the other new,) made from the Oporto 
grape. The two years old is especially fine. Wo 
should like to receive a communication from Mr. 
I). relative to his manner of cultivating tho 
Oporto grape, and also his success. 
i r > / u «, 
The Ag. Congress at Washington. —This bril¬ 
liant gathering is beginning to reflect a portion of 
its light. A ray, by some unaccountable means, 
fell upon the floor of the House of Representatives, 
and the reader will discover, by referring to our 
report of “ Congressional Proceedings,” that it 
created considerable excitement in that quarter. 
Probabilities favor the idea of a little amusement 
for the movers in this concern, and the edification 
of outsiders, and the people generally. So mote it be. 
TnK Weather has at last become decidedly 
Borean. The present week opened in a very frigid 
manner, the Thermometer indicating 8 degrees be¬ 
low zero on Monday morning—a great change 
from the preceeding soft, warm weather. To-day 
(Tuesday) is nearly as cold, and the prospect is fair 
for quite a “ spell ” of winter weather, with good 
sleighing to match, (the snow being nearly one foot 
deep hereabouts,) which latter is decidedly favor¬ 
able for out-door business operations. 
Tompkins County Ag. SociETY.-This Society held 
its annual meeting at the rooms of the Ithaca Farm¬ 
ers’ Club, Jan. 5th, and the old officers were mainly 
re-elected. President — Ezra Cornell, of Ithaca. 
Treasurer —O. B. Curran, of Ithaca. Secretary — 
W. II. Purdy, of Ithaca. The meeting was well 
attended, and much interest was manifested in 
the promotion of Rural affairs. The Ithaca Far¬ 
mers’ Club is a new institution, now less than two 
months old, yet has already secured a commodious 
room, where weekly meetings are held. The 
Library already numbers over 150 Volumes of well 
selected Agricultural Books and additions are 
daily made by the liberality of citizens. 
Union Ag. Society. — The annual meeting of 
this Society was held at Brockport, J an. 1st. After 
voting that the boundaries of th. Society include 
the towns of Sweden, Clarkson, Union, Parma and 
Ogden, in Monroe Co., and Clarendon, Murray, 
and Kendall, in Orleans Co., the following officers 
were elected for 1859: President —E. B. Holmes. 
Vice Prest's — C. J. Prosser and Jos. II. Pratt.— 
Sec’y __ H. N. Beach. Treasurer— Thos. Cornes. 
Birectors — J. N. Warren, Clarkson; J. O. 1 et- 
tengill, Ogden; Abner Wood, Parma; Hiram 
Mordoff, Union; S. V. W. Requa, Kendall; S. 
H. Davis, Sweden ; Nicholas Harrow, Clarendon; 
Thos. Jewett, Murray. 
Scarcity of Fodder. — The Wyoming Mirror J 
says:_“The scarcity of fodder in the Southern Jp 
counties of this State makes it necessary to trans- Wj 
port feed for stock from this vicinity. An Alle- 
gany dealer has contracted with one of our millers 
for 100 tuns of feed, which he is delivering at tho 
railroad station at the rate of about three tuns 
per day. The demand for corn has already in- V|; 
creased the price of that article, and it will no 
doubt be still further increased before hay comes.” 
