r .T'WO DOZjXj^VItS .A. YIBAT?..] 
TOL. X. NO. 18.} 
“ INR^GERJCSS AND IM!I‘l iOV HllVr iDIsr r lV 
[ SI IN'Grid ID no. LTOTJR CKNT 0 , 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, APRIL 30, 1859. 
1 WHOLE NO. 480. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, to, but weighs well in the bushel. It is valuable I Flemish Oat.- 
•AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
IIURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors. 
TKRMS, IN ADVANCE: 
Two Dollars a Year—$1 fur hIx months. To Claim and 
A Kents os follows: — Three Copies one year, for $5; Six, and 
•no free to club agent, for $10: Ten, and ono free, for $15; 
Sixteen, and ono freo, for $00; Twenty, and one free, Tor 
$00; Thirty-two, and I wo free, for $10, (or Thirty for $87,50,) 
and any greater number at game rate —only $1,25 per copy 
— with mi extra copy for every Ten Subscribers over Thirty. 
Club papers sent to different Post-offices, If desired. As we 
pre-pay American postage on papers sent to the British I’rov- 
for sowing on moist soils whenTthe crojS is" apt to haJin^n ^n^strat 
V 7' " „ 6 ,:, f 1 • 8 ™ U0H 01 UK: a,,ung ,oom > in8ari »8 11 foe circula- man (we intend no especial compliment) tells us 
It IS upon rich clay soils to winch ,t ,h particularly tion of air; a kettle sot in an arch for heating us to drive the plow as near to 
ui up .(.i . It ms, in a gi eat measure superceded the water on washing day, and for other mirnosea • « ter of ..n.*. . in 
bo laid, as the straw is of great stillness. It is upon rich clay soils t,o which it is par 
better lor clay lands than the Potato oat. adapted. It has, in a great measure superceded the water on washing day, and for other purposes- a ter of the sohe.-o a”'”” «»~b-— 
Hopctoun Oat also originated in Scotland about Potato and Sandio varieties on such soils. pantry with not only shelves but drawers <• ’ , . team and all our neigh- 
wi “:r c ?r" il, r..**.. „■«, 
cai, arge scu s o a iownish tinge, having a red plenty of straw, but grain somewhat inferior, but ing shelf near the china closet, are all good insti- disadvantage- that our land must be 1 
spot on the breast, by which it is easily known.- i„ some districts producing excellent crops. tutions in their way. ** four flit deen and' Z 1 5 underdraincd 
Tho straw is remarkably lone It does not shed * 1 .... i J , rour icet deep, ana tour rods apart, at an expense 
its seed in high winds and harvesting like the Po , klldni,m,v7 d or "‘Merton Out.— Long, tallish, Abe.-you have arranged your place to suit you, of-well, we must not stop to count the cost, - it 
tato oat, but when laid it goes flat on the ground bntto " gl1 straw ' "•ell-formed, briglitcolored grain (d< ’“ t <lo anything else until you I.ave,) and you must be done at all hazards ; that the roots of tho 
and when this is the case much is lost by shedding’ Z I,uslc: tbC y0ung P Iants tiIlcr wdb ‘ 7/ '° ?\bT”?"’ *7™ ' l '" 1 ^ P ' ant mu8t lmve 11 chanco to P usb downward 
To remedy this defect it is sometimes sown with ' 3 P "° C ’ but not bcavy in 1,10 bu8bel < and bc ' ~ 1‘ ' ?,° , con8lderatlon - aftor thu numeral elements, and in time of drouth, 
the Sandio or some other strong-strawed variety * 7° K ’ WCr 18 WeI1 adftptcd for 1,oor ’ und ! ‘ Tff ! occupied by the stairs should for moisture; that the foundations of tho earth must 
The grains are large and from this fact and that ‘ lt ° ' S0 ‘ 7 the dovat,on to attained by at least one be torn up, and brought under the ameliorating in- 
it does not tiller much, an extra bushel an acre Thc abovo are a11 earl Y varieties, and white, ex- 7’'“J, ft” d b ° “V 0 "* thrc °, feet w ‘ de ' The fluenco of beat and cold - etc. 
should be sown. It is not adapted to clay but is C01>t tbe Mach Tartarian. Morton says, “the *** P !“° for C ‘^ neys 13 , " 1,18ld * ! partitions, as Again I ask, what shall we do ? I will tell you, 
valuable on light soils best of the early sorts tor general cultivation are each chnnney will thus serveforat least two rooms my friends, what we will do. We will think, talk, 
Faria TV« • t tho J 'otuto, Sundie, Flemish, two varieties of 011 eacb flo ° r ’ a “ d ,,,uch ™ ovo of tho heat will be read and write, on this subject; but above all 
U,l, Angus Oat .-This .« not so liable to shake Berlie, Hopctoun, early Angus, Sherrill; old Poland, 'T ° y 8h ° uId tcrminate at tbc rid « e tbi “8 8 > wo will experiment. Here is our principal 
mt as thel otato oat, is shorter m the straw, which Barbachiaw, and Kildrummy. The order of their °‘ ^ e . b “ lldln « " I a,88lble - r '> bating the doors reliance. We have seen that the doctors cannot 
sol better texture and makes better fodder. It .s comparfttiv( . mcrit s will vary of course, according l!"' 1 w »»<lows bear ,n mind that the house is to bc assist us, because their prescriptions are at vari- 
mly hu, aide for good and in high condition. On to dim > rcnC cs in the soil and climate. The Potato [ Urmsbed > and Icave s,,itable room for 8 » d ‘ ^m- ance. We must depend on ourselves. “ Goo helps 
mor soils it grows well until tho time of earing, Engligh Berlie, Hopctoun, early Angus, and Slier- tU1 '° aS mU8t necea8ariIy bc "» cd - those who help themselves,” and now is a good 
is up 011,1 <>u tl enva,c s uiu givo but a rid* oats, arc best adapted for easy alluvial loams If thus far you have got along satisfactorily, you time to commence. “Is deep or shallow plowing 
Kildrummy or IMkerton Oat, —Long, tallish, 
pre-pay American postage on papers sent to the British Prov- ^ be K ni * n s are large, and from this fact, and that 
Ihccb, our Canadian agents and friends must add 12X cents it does not tiller much, an extra bushel an aero 
per copy to the club rates of the Huiial. The lowest price should he sown. It is not adapted to clay, but is 
•f copies sent to Europe, Ac . is *2,50 - Including Postage. valuable on light soils. 
Tim Post a on on tub Rural is ocly.'BY cents per quarter 
to any part of this State, and (Diets, to any other State, If paid AVj/ 7 
quarterly In advance at the post-office where received. out as I 
rfr All communications, and business letters, should he is of be 
addressed to I). I). T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y. 
iiluuhle on light so 
Early A ngun Oat. 
The above are all early varieties, and white, ex- ' luartc ; r ’ and sb ° uld bo !lboilt three f ect wide. Tho 
copt the Black Tartarian. Morton says, “the bo#t P laco fl > r chimneys is mins.de partitions, as 
best of the early sorts for general cultivation are ° aC ‘ 0 U " U,C Y wdl thus serve for at least two rooms 
best of the early sorts for general cultivation are 
the Potato, Sandio, Flemish, two varieties of 
on each floor, and much more of the heat will be 
i 7 rs not so liable to shake Berlie, Hopctoun, early Angus, Sherrill, old Poland, ^ They shoidd termi » 
the I otato oat, is sl.ortoi-in.the straw, which Barbachiaw, and Kildrummy. Tho order of their °‘ } he . b “ ,ldin « lf I a)a8lble - r ” 
.t er texture and makes better fodder. It Is comparative merits will vary of course, according "" windows bear mind that the 
ab e ,or g° od and "> bl f b condition. On to di(ror(!ncCrt in tho soiI and c , imato . Tho j, otttt( f p™.shod, and leave suitable room 
only suitable for good land in high condition. On 
poor soils it grows well until tho time of earing, 
hut is apt to thin out afterwards and give hut a 
poor crop. It degenerates very rapidly if sown 
for a succession of years on the same farm. A 
English Berlie, Hopctoun, early Angus, and Slier- 
a I’ifl oats, are best adapted for easy alluvial loams 
0 : \y 
11 in good order; tho Flemish and Sandio for clay arc prepared to put your plans in tho hands of a best for corn on my soil ?” This is the query, and 
k soils, and tho Scotch Berlie, old Poland or Tam draftsman, which it is essential to do, as a plan wo will answer it by driving four furrows right 
gi. >f seed is absolutely ntccssaiy, Finlay, Barbachiaw, and Kildrummy, for inferior drawn mechanically correct will more than pay for through our corn-field, as deep as all tho force we 
Sherriff Oat.— This is a new variety not fairly and late soils.” itself in the time it will save in tho building. If ca| i raise will draw the plow—four furrows slial- 
tested, early, and appears to be very productive, os In another number we will give descriptions of Y ou i lllV0 any desire to have your house erected low, and four furrows half way between. We will 
over 100 bushels have been raised to the aei 
i ■ kt&ri 
the most noted of the late varieties. We cannot, with taste, employ an artist rather than a mechanic plant a row of corn on each of these different plow- 
IlarlU Oat. —There are two varieties of this oat, of course, say how valuable these iorts would prove K (! ^ U P your drawings, for to him the poculiari- 'nf? 3 — same kind of corn — same treatment — then 
the English and Scotch. Tho English is a good ' n this country, but. 
OATS-VARIETIES, &c. I sort for all descriptions of rich soil. It stands I of a trial. j 
- ’ well, ripens equally, and is prolific. The Scotch is ' 
I.v our last we stated there were over forty vario- bettor for ligh t s.oils f n ot easily shaken out, and HOUSE E 
ties of oats cultivated in Great Di-iinm. w<.me of t^c straw is of excellent vro i-utliefft^ink 
these are grown in this country, under their true tblri !S l,bc variety wo p^avo neon in this country 
names, and several, we have no doubt with other and Crt Ded tlic Barley oat. 
sometimes several names. Our oats, however, are Barbachiaw Oat is a hardy, curly and prolific 
badly mixed up and it is somewhat difficult to oh- oat, well adapted for high and inferior soils. 
All buildings 
ey are worthy Mes Of your arrangement, and the irregularity of watch the result, 
openings, will be no stumbling block. And here a again, 
word of caution is necessary. If you employ an Corunna, Shlaw 
I. artist do not dictate to him, but leave nil matters 
>>(' p'ylo, finish and ornnmuut 1 ■ lii- 1 uk(,>,u <djnda. V'A 
pliumod UN a mem.. The old saw that “two heads are better? 
atch the result. Then, if not satisfied, we will try 
;ain. G. M. Reynolds. 
Corunna, Shiawassee Co., Mich., 1359. 
VARIETY OF CROPS. 
preliminary step toward their erection. The than one, if one is a sheep’s head,” is not npplica- 
probability of attaining a satisfactory result will hie to a caso of this kind. 
generally be in exact proportion to the amount of Before you are ready to commence your founda- 
Thk farmer must have not one, but many string's 
to his bow, so that if one fails he can try another, 
lf we rely on one kind of production, and tho sea- 
tain any variety pure. The Boland Oat, a 
time and thought expended in this direction, and tion walls, if our friend Mooun will allow, that 8011 proves bad for it, we are “ up Salt River;” but 
"l/M or Davidson s Oat.— Early, hardy, very to tho completeness and perfection of the drawings branch of the subject shall be treated of in another 
regarded it is well to repeat them occasionally, lest 
they should be forgotten entirely. Usually among 
our fanning community the plan of a house is got 
up by the builder; or, rather, the proprietor de¬ 
cides upon its sizo and gonerul shape, and then the 
voars airn wn» n al,„i.f ,i.-„ ... .- J iu mu ouinpioMjness unu periecuon or uie drawings 
forty pounds and over to the bushel ’ W >VP roll,llJ > but ratbcr a P t to sbed its 8e °d8 when ripe, prepared. This may seem like stating an axiom, 
‘i\- ‘ , i . .''. ' • V ' e ttV0 and should be cut raw. Best adapted to soft, fria- but as simple truths are so often overlooked or dis 
now before us three samples obtained from as many b i e aoi ] s in i ate ( u st riets , are so otton ovc. looim o. dis- 
lots offered for sale as White Boland Seed Oats and _- regarded it is well to repeat them occasionally, lest 
they are of all forms, with a sprinkling of brown thuy should bo for 8 ottea entirely. Usually among 
and black, while but few show the plumpness that / our farming community the plan of a house is got 
formerly characterized that variety. Thiitypounds l,p by tbe bulld<,r; °"> rathc '» f bu l ,ro P rictor d«- 
to the bushel would bo about us much as either of ff\ cidcs upon lls aiz ? and guneral fihft P e > and tbcn tbo 
(lio^n n,i ... . j carpenter subdivides it into apartments under the 
tiiosc samples would weigh. The opinion is quite // / „ 1 ,. .... . . , f „ 
,. ,. . , 1 LL. /\w\ direction ot tho female head of the family. It 
general that tho best ot foreign oats will degene- ////l / NT\N ... . . 
rnfA in tBio • „ ,, .. scomsa better way would bo to determine the 
iate in tins county, so that in a lew years they will W (it . , , , „ .... 
iw.u,... *i. „ ... f / M —vlA "\ number, size and stylo of rooms desired first, and 
bo no better than our common white out, but / ,, „ ’ 
whether this degeneracy is not in part caused by 1 ^ "■ , 8bap0 7 T 
careless culture, unsuitable soil, and tho sad mix- (NJ/ NX ** th ° P^» c tpul rcoma nay be made of such 
lure of seed, is a question well worthy of thought. / dimensions as to admit of using carpeting without 
If, with the Blight variation of tho English cli- / /fV\Y waste and m good proportions 
mate, the fanners of the Northern counties of Eng- l A P >>\V \ UC K UP ° n i tho ,. numb ^ ol T00m3 do not 
land, or Scotland, find it necessary or profitable, c J// / \ gUt 7° maDy; il “ ultip J 1Clty adds 00m P lex,ty und 
to plant a different variety of oats from that plant- L \\ v perplexity more often than it does.convepience.- 
cd by those of tho South ; if the English farmer J K [/ V / W V V \ Ihcmsoi rooms should depend upon the require- 
lm» ascertained by long experience that one va- Y\/j \ XVV A \ Av % ments (,f tbu family ’ but thuy 8bo,lId al waya be of 
riety cannot bo profitably grown on a light soil W m AM v\\ \A 8ucb sba P° tbat citbor in lon « th or width they may 
while another will succeed best in such a situation’ M /, 'V VWX bo divided by yards or half yards - Witb l ,a I ,er » 
-that one sort will utterly fail if sown late while 7 V/a ^ \ I>CnCl1 a " d a “ ordinttry rule you Cftu draw out Y oup 
another will do well under such circumstances- 1 / RF °' vn P lan of arrangement, and by making proper 
that some kinds are peculiarly adapted to a low / /A\ \ ’J’> V A ' V \ A allowance for outside walls, the inside partitions 
peaty soil, luxuriating in that in which others / //XP and base or mop boards, you will findthedimen- 
would perish-may not wo with our wide extended f / VU Si< ’ 113 nece88ftr J r to carry out your ideas. At this 
country, our varied climato and diversity of soil j //// \\\ /'/XpC Y\ ' stage, if you are satisfied that you havo planned a 
study with advantage tho character and produo- rlffll/ r / M larger building than you can put up well for the 
tiveness of varieties and the circumstances under \Mv Y \ money you wish to expend upon it, (which will 
which they fail or flourish. \ generally be the case,) and your rooms aro not over 
For some time wo have been in pursuit of knowl- V\/ W J ' large, reduce tho plan by leaving out one or more 
edge about oats, and their culture in this country, 1 ]! /%/\\ Nfi of the room8 commencing witli the parlor, (for you 
hut wo aro able to obtain but little reliable infor- j -a1{m 4 \V havo probably got one marked thus on the plan,) 
mation of valuo to tho farmer, and it is principally \\ aa b(iill 8 most u8ele8B ot ' ttlb If y° u are as good 
for the purpose of soliciting facts that wo now al- />v/W as your neighbors you will have but few visitors 
lade to this subject. Will not our readers give us / W C ^ too good to sot down in your living room and'en- 
tho desired information about the sorts they culti- I / /Hk' Y \\ V ' J ' oy a fanner ’ 8 luxuries—apples, butternuts and 
vute, mode of culture, productiveness, and such 1 ///A') f\ '' 1 uidur - U is bcttcr to huild a small house to live in 
other information as will bo profitable to our read- ll//f / . \m I yourself, than a large one to lock up for want of pro- 
erH - in the mean time we give brief descriptions W[/j A per furniture, or to open only for visitors. A front 
«f tho principle varieties cultivated in England. \\ ' btt11 aud balu8tcr 8t airwuy seem to bo more for or- 
Bolato Oat .—The Potato Oat received tl.e name 1 k nam “ t 1 thaU “ S0 in a funM ll0U8(i and u8ually occu ‘ 
from having been found in a potato (ield, in 1788 1 \ W\ F 1\ Py ° bu8t C ? rnor> glvin « 11,0 bouf, ° a glooiny a P‘ 
For some years aftor its introduction it was con- I V V \ / f \ P^anee at the expense of tho living room, 
sidered superior to all other varieties, but of Into 1 V 1 It is fashionable in many places to build in a 
years it l„ ls not 8ucceeded wcll on cI soiI but i(j 1 ^c. 8< I uare form > b,lt although this affords much more 
generally and successfully cultivated on rich 1 I *» 8 >do room in proportion to tho outside covering, 
?\ Ulor light soils, composed of black earth or f ' er ° 13 ™ ttllly g T ed by S ° doing> unlo8 “ il 
brown loam 'i'i.„ 0 i,.:, „i , is in avoiding thoso nuisances, leaky gutters; for, 
a" 1, t lie straw is about medium height, BLACK tautauian oat. . , .... . .r .. 
11,0 grain round and plump When fully rino it , . m a hou8 ° of ord >»ary dimensions, tho side walls 
shells badly in reaping and therefore redtii res to Tartarian Oat .—'Thin variety is early, long- must be much higher than is required on the in- 
bo cut green. The grain weighs fron AlA 40 8trawod » and yields very abundantly, and carries side, to make it in good proportion, and for the 
Pounds ami when loss than this it is a sure imli * tb ° ear 011 one 8 ‘ do o1 ' 1110 Htniw » as shown in the same reason the roof must bo made much too flat 
oation that the soil is unsuitable or that^a'chuiure cngruving - 11 is Particularly adapted to peaty, in pitch to bo durable, whero shingles aro used fot 
of seed from n i , , .. , ... b marshy soils, and is much cultivated in districts a covering. 
* . a cntleront and hotter locality is , , ,, , , r , ... , ... 
needed. This variety was tried here som > • Wber0 8ucb soils abound. It otton produces 100 As tastes, requirements and locations aro so va- 
sineo, and may still bo cultivated * °^ " ^ bu8bols to tlio acre. Where oats are much used rious, it is of little value to present ideal plans or 
Sandio or Bundt 0 / ■ V for meal, as in Scotland, its oolor is an objection, such even ns have been worked from, but there are 
boy in 1.S25, ji row \w t '[ " ! • ' 18c ‘ ,vi ‘ |,(:d by a herd- The straw, too, is much inferior to that of while many little conveniences which may bo introduced 
up earth in’ Seoiln.m 011 "i U " ° ro ^ c,,tly lb, '°' V11 - oats, and this is no small objection to the English in nearly all farm houses which occasion but little 
ii 'mum, auu received the bov’s namn <,«<$ HmU ,.,i,„ ,i.i.. e.i _,. , . - .. 
number. Jt Ki s 
I’ompey, Onon. Co., N. Y., 1859. 
--*-• ■» - 
SHALL WE PLOW DEEP OR SHALLOW I 
with a variety of crops wo must hit right with some 
of them, let the season be what it may. Besides, a 
variety of crops enables us to be sowing and har¬ 
vesting throughout tho season. Raising many dif¬ 
ferent articles permits us to (ill up the measure of 
our time, and our cellars, corn-cribs and granaries 
to overflowing. Little things aro often overlooked, 
but it is many minute atoms that form the mighty 
aggregate. This variety is tho spice of the farmer’s 
life. 
Wo will here mention a list of articles which 
every large or small farmer may raise und sell to 
up by the builder; or, rather, the proprietor de- Eos. Rural We all look with deep interest on “veiuowing. Dituo Unrigs aro often overlooked, 
cides upon its size and general shape, and then the whatever pertains to our most important farm but 18 nmn y minute atoms that form thc mighty 
carpenter subdivides it into apartments under the operation, viz., plowing. To be right in this re- aggregute - This variety is the spice of tho farmer’s 
direction of tho feinalo head of the family. It spect, is to lay at least the foundation for success; ‘ fU ‘ 
acorns a better way would bo to determine the to be in error here, is to commit a radical mistake] W ° Wllt bero meation 11 list of articles which 
number, sizo and style of rooms desired first, and which no after culture can fully retrieve. Shall we ° Ve '7 llU ' gC ° r 8maI1 ,armcr Dlay raiso uud 8ul1 to 
arrange them in buildable shape afterwards. In plow deep, i. o., from 10 to 14 inches, or shallow im >ht. Wheat, rye, barley, oats, buckwheat, corn, 
this way the principal rooms inuy bc madeof such i. o., from 5 to 7? A. is an experienced, practical broom * corn > '“diet, beans, peas, hay, straw, corn- 
dimensions as to admit of using carpeting without cultivator, and tells us to plow deep; B.’is equally f ° dder ’ borsus ’ bcus > 8 eese > turkeys, ducks, beef, 
waste and in good proportions. reliable, and tells us to plow shallow. Now, “ when 1>0, k ’ and lard ’ tullow » bide8 » mutton, wool, but- 
In deciding upon tho number of rooms do not doctors disagree, who shall decide?” Why, evi- tCr .’ cbce8e > ,ndk > flux » flax-seed, potatoes, beets, 
get too many; a multiplicity adds complexity and dently, each for himself. ’ onions, cabbages, carrots, turnips, cucumbers, let- 
perplexity more often than it does convenience.— But, first, why do tho doctors disagree? There *' UCe ’ P um P bb,s > squashes, muskmelons, water- 
Tho wzs of rooms should depend upon the require- are several reasons. One is, they are differently tadou8 > tomatoes, peaclies, pears, apples, cider, 
ments of the family, but they should always be of constituted. Some, possessing tremendous physi- v .’ negar ! cnrr ants, grapes, raspberries, strawber- 
such shape that either in length or width they may cal and mental strength and energy, feel like rip- ' *° S ’ G u * ace8 ’ cherries, cranberries, basket willow, 
bo divided by yards or half yards. With paper, ping up the earth to the very center, and they W,dnuts ’ cbestauts > bees > honey, wood, maple 
pencil and an ordinary rule you can draw out your never saw a team nor a plow strong enough to fully aagar ’ ‘ tc ” 1Iure > tben > wo bavo enumerated 
own plan of arrangement, and by making proper satisfy their ambition. Then, others are constitu- ‘ S ' Xly m °. r ° d*dci'ont articles, which at the low 
allowance for outside walls, tho inside partitions tioually tender and effeminate. Such shrink from avorage cst,,,, ato of ?10 each, will give tlio lmnd- 
and huso or mop boards, you will find tho dimen- the tusk. They do not like to incur tiie necessary S0, "° 8um ot .* G0()- A ,ucu llUl ° incomo > ls ’n it?— 
sions necessary to carry out your ideas. At this expenditure of strength and capital. Another rea- YVhy would it not be a good plan to keep a book iu 
stage, if you are satisfied that you havo planned a son is, these doctors of Agriculture havo been wblcb to rc 8‘ 8tor ami account our crops? Wo 
larger building than you can put up well for the differently educated—some on the Homeopathic, IUI K bt 8tu rt with tho determination to come up to 
money you wisli to expend upon it, (which will some on tho Allopathic, and some on thc Hydro- tb ° ubovc C8tl,nate > and as our ability, experience 
generally be the caso,) and your rooms are not over patliio principle. Now, when called to decide in a aad capital increases, we might double or quadru- 
large, reduce the plan by leaving out one or more given case, each, of course, will view it from his A lt ’ 7 b ' cb bl8t WOuld bu * 40 for oacb article, or 
of the rooms commencing with tho parlor, (for you particular stand-point, and his docision must ncc- *‘“’*° () 1U tbe a 88 rc K atu - 
have probably got ono marked thus on tho plan,) essarily smack of his educational predilections.— T1 “ 8 matUer 13 certainly worth looking into, if 
as being most useless of all. If you aro as good Then, there is the force of habit. One’s father did we desire success. Thq Mississippi is a mighty 
ns your neighbors you will have but few visitors thus, and was successful, therefore, it is right; or, 8tream ’ b "? ^ derives its magnitude and power 
too good to sot down in your living room und en- another’s grandsiro performed in the opposite man- f r ° m t, . l ° bttl ° nlls tbat co,no l )wl,rin K blto ita 
joy a farmer’s luxuries—apples, butternuts and ner and succeeded, therefore this is right—and as b ° 8 °“ in Lh ° great VttUuy ot tbo We8t ' 11 ia 80 of 
eider. It is better to build a small house to live in their predecessors did thus and so, and as they, ^oafth or wisdom. Wo must multiply tho sources, 
yourself, than a largo one to lock up for want of pro- thus far, havo followed in their example, therefore ' f 7° '™ l ? ld b '“ ld , up 7 tort “ nc and a ro P ll, atimi. 
per furniture, or to open only for visitors. A front their practice is doubly strengthened. They make Cam r c 8° V alley. N . Y., 1859. H. K. F. 
hall and baluster stairway seem to be more for or- no allowance for difference of circumstances. Such o-M-TTm „ 
nament than use in a farm house aud usually occu- is the foreo of habit, or custom. Then, others do 
py the best corner, giving the house a gloomy ap- not consider the great difference of soil and climate. 
pearanee at tho expense of tho living room. 
A depth of plowing that is commendable and suc- 
SMUT AND ITS PREVENTIVE. 
Mu. Mooun :—I observe that the subject of Smut 
in Wheat is very much agitated at tho South and 
ii c, i 1 n 1 i i i *ii> „ , , . iuuv.il in mu ouuiu iniu 
I us fasluonalflo m many places to build a eessful on one kind ot soil and in one climate, West, and even in California and Oregon, and a great 
sqmuo form, but although tins affords much more might be wholly unsuccessful, or injurious, or in- dcal of research is resorted to for old, and, in this 
inside room ,n proportion to the outside covering, elheient, on an entirely different soil, thousands of cxp i 0 ded preventives, blue stone, (blue 
, . voidi ga - n y r J 0ing ;, unle88 lt m '7l lb0 77 Of copper,) arsenical solutions, 
is in avoiding those nuisances, leaky gutters; for, What, then, shall wo tyros in tho noble science & C-i ar0 recommended. 
Tho troublesome disease known as smut, is au 
organized vegetable production, well known to 
naturalists undor-u hard Latin name, which I will 
BLACK Tartarian oat. is in avoiding; those nuisances, leaky gutters; for, What, then, shall we tyros in tho noble science &c, are recommended. " ' 
T,nt • / Tl • • 1 • , , m 7 ,' <mH0 ° ®*’ f dinar y dimensions, the side walls , of Agriculture-thirsting as wo are for knowledge, The troublesome disease known as smut, is an 
Black Taitanan Oat. lhis variety is early, long- must bo much higher than .s required on the in- and thoroughly anxious for tho highest meed of organized vegetable production, well known to 
strawed, and yields very abundantly and carries s,do, to make it in good proportion, and for the Success- do in such a dilemma as this? Tho*W- naturalists undor-u hard Latin name, which I will 
tl.e ear on one side of tho straw, as shown in the same reason the roof must bo made much too flat low man (wo refer only to his system of plowing,) 0 mit-a parasitical fungus that propagates itself 
engraving It ,s particularly adapted to peaty, ... pitch to bo durable, where shingles are used for says that God, in Ids great field of Nature, to raise from the seed through the medium of the juices of 
ma shy soils, and is much cultivated in districts a covering. all Ins crops of seeds, fruits, grass and timber, tho plant. Tho o)d process of thoroughly hashing 
ri.c.c such soils abound. It often produces 1(K As tastes, requirements and locations are so va- never plows at all; that ho deposits the seeds on or scouring in lime or brined waters was safe but 
bushels to tho aero. Wlioro oats are much used rious, it is ot little value to present ideal plans or the sur 
for meal, us in Scotland, its color is an objection, such even as have been worked from, but tlioroaro tho lea 
The straw, too, is much inferior to that of white many little conveniences which may bo introduced these e 
oats, and this is no small objection to tlio English in nearly all farm houses which occasion but little that tin 
••a viu-m in Scotland and received IB 1 > ' J - - => . . J .uvuovo.Miiwui.uiwimupnmij 
■Alexander, (Han.U \ n: „ oy Y 8 »nmo I and Scotch farmer who depends upon tho oat extra expense and are of great help to the mistress 
s smaller than tho J’ota- 1 straw for a valuablo supply of fodder. und her daughters. A china closet between tho 
tl.e surface of tho soil and covers them only with tedious, and since the introduction of the threshing 
the leaves and stems of tho decaying plant; that machine, by tho graft frictional forces it was snb- 
tliese coverings keep the ground moist and cool; jecteil to, it had almost entirely disappeared in this 
that tho frost is a sufficient mellowing and pulvori- region, previous to tlio prevalence of tho wheat 
zuig agent; that if wo do not want surface water, midgo or weevil. 
surface drains are sufficient to carry it off, and that For the benefit of those districts yet troubled 
