RURAL LJF£ 
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{WHOLE NO. 487, 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
deteriorates, both in quantity and quality. No 
kind can stand unfavorable weather like the Dun 
Oat. There is a winter variety of this oat, but 
much inferior, cultivated in France and also in the 
South of England. In France it is some in Sep¬ 
tember, and ripens in July. 
Wo have now 
ing, Ac. If the former cannot be sustained alone, 
or as a speciality, we would suggest, an organiza¬ 
tion uniting the two objects, as they are closely 
allied. Why not form a Stock Breeders and Wool 
Growers Association—thus enlisting all interested 
in breeding Improved Domestic Animals and 
growing Wool? Breeding, Wool Growing, Graz¬ 
ing and Dairying, are annually becoming more im¬ 
portant and leading bi anehesofhusbandry through¬ 
out a large portion of Western New York, and we 
are satisfied that an Association designed to pro¬ 
mote these interests, would be of incalculable ad¬ 
vantage. The very fact that a large proportion of 
the farmers of this region have comparatively little 
experience in stock growing—having devoted their 
principal attention to grain growing, until that 
branch became unprofitable—renders it vitally im¬ 
portant to adopt proper measures to facilitate a 
change which seems inevitable over a large extent 
of country. 
Since the midge has prevaled in this section, 
fruit growing has received a great impetus, and 
the organization of the Fruit Growers’ Society of 
Western New York is one of the results of this 
change. The last annual meeting of that Society 
drew together one of the filin'--* - .blages we 
ever witnessed—not iq 
respect highly creditab 
of experience and a! 
The discussions (a sy 
in the Rural,) demc 
information thus callc 
prove of great value 
this region but othei 
why txuxy not tlio 3to^ 
izc, and assemble at 
Summer to exhibit tf 
in the Winter for the 
tions of vital interes! 
of which must vast) 
We may be visional, 
CONDUCTED BY D. D, T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors. 
the principal varieties of 
oats cultivated in Great Britain, condensed from 
Morton’s Cyclopedia of Agriculture, and with such 
attention to varieties and their adaptation to dif¬ 
ferent shils, and climates, to early and late sowing, 
and the changing of seed, as is there given, it is not 
Strange that we have commonly reported in the 
English journals, oat crops ranging from sixty to 
ninety bushels to the acre, and weighing from forty 
The Rural New-Yorkku Is designed to be unsurpassed 
In Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and 
unique and beautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor de¬ 
votes bis personal attention to the supervision of its various 
departments, and earnestly labors to render the Rural an 
eminently Reliable Guide on all the important Practical, 
Scientific and other Subjects intimately connected with the 
business of those whose interests it zealously advocates. It 
embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Edu¬ 
cational, Literary and News Matter, interspersed with 
appropriate and beautiful Engravings, than any other jour¬ 
nal.—rendering it the most complete Agricultural, Lit¬ 
erary and Family Newspaper in America. 
satisfied that our climate is much better adapted 
to this crop than either England or Scotland. 
Mixing different varieties together for seed has 
of late years become very common and popular.— 
The object of doing so is to obtain a heavier and 
more prolific crop, by taking advantage of pecu¬ 
liar habits of growth. Thus, when one variety is 
productive, but weak strawed and thin on the 
ground, it is common to sow with it a strong- 
strawed variety that will help sustain it, though 
less prolific. In this way a better crop is produced 
than one variety would give alone, with little dan¬ 
ger of loss from lodgment. From a series of ex¬ 
periments we observe that an increase by this 
means was reported in various trials of from eleven 
to twenty bushels. 
To the subject of Oat Culture in this cchmtry, we 
propose to devote a column or two before long, and 
hope our friends, in all parts of the country, who 
possess valuable information on this subject will 
tW- All communications, and business letters, should be 
addressed to 0. D. T. MOO RIO, Rochester, N. Y. 
For Terms and other particulars, see last page. 
X^RE'MITTM: FARM I-IOTJSIB.—ISTo. III. 
OATS-VARIETIES, &c. 
In our last wo gave descriptions of the best va- 
Scctland, and now we purpose to dfesernjo'ffiJ n’osl 
late sorts. 
The Late Angus Oat is the best of its class for 
growing upon all kinds of clay land. It requires 
an early climate to insure perfection, and there¬ 
fore some parts of England and Scotland are un¬ 
suited to its culture. It would ripen here, without 
doubt, in most localities, certainly where Indian 
corn could be grown. It produces a better crop 
than most of the early white varieties. The straw 
is very tall, strong, not easily lodged, and makes 
good fodder, and seldom sheds its seeds even in 
winds that would shake out other kinds. The 
grain is large, longish, and about two pound's light¬ 
er per bushel than the Potato or Sandie. 
Grey Angus Oat .—This is similar to the last in 
its habit of growth, hut the grains are larger and 
of a bluish-grey color. 
Blainslie Oat is the common oat of the South of 
Scotland, but it is much earlier than any of the 
other varieties of common oats, and therefore is 
suited to late districts. The grain is plump and 
roundish. 
llangingside Oat .—This oat gives a good crop, 
and weighs about 38 pounds to the bushel. It re¬ 
quires sowing early on a warm soil. 
Drummond Oat .—This is the common white oat 
of the central parts of Scotland. It is much short- 
THE WOOL GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION. 
Mr. Moore In your issue of April 23d, I notice 
an inquiry of “ What has become of the Wool 
Growers Association of Western New York?”_ 
As one deeply interested in the rise, progress, and 
fall of said Association, I assume to answer the 
inquiry. 
From the hot bed in which the first seed of that 
Association germinated, to the winding sheet which 
finally wrapped it for the grave, it was fed solely 
by private hands and private subscription. The 
only direct application which the Wool Growers 
ever made to the State fora scanty pittance, was to 
aid this Association, and that was not asked for 
before it started, neither was it asked for while it 
was a yearling, but when it had assumed a name, 
place and interest, not only in Western New York 
but in several of the wool growing States of the 
Union. While the People’s funds have been 
wantonly and ridiculously squandered by their 
representatives, not even the small pitance of $500 
could be obtained in aid of this great interest._ 
Could it only have worn a political mask, it might 
have been honored and favored. 
At the meetings of this Association I have met 
the wool grower from Ohio and Vermont, and the 
emmissaries of the famous firm of Lawrence Stone 
& Co., each making the journey for no other pur¬ 
pose than to attend au exhibition of the Associa¬ 
tion. It is the only place where I have known of 
that famous firm making a direct attack upon the 
wool growers, and had they been met, and as com¬ 
pletely vanquished in every other place as at that, 
they would never have had an opportunity to have 
squandered $70,000 which did not belong to them. 
I really hope to see this institution revive, as, un¬ 
der the fostering hand of the State, it might be of 
great and lasting good to the wool growing com¬ 
munity. Will not the Rural take an interest in 
its resurrection? T. M. Younglovk. 
Urbana, Steuben Co., N, Y. 
Remarks. —When we propounded the inquiry 
quoted by Mr. Y., wo were not aware that the 
Association had ceased to exist as an organized 
body, but supposed it was only temporarily in a 
quiescent state—to become aroused and vigorous 
again in due season. We still hope nothing worse 
has occurred—that the Association not only “still 
lives,” but will soon manifest the fact to its mem¬ 
bers and the large portion of community interested 
in its perpetuity. Hence, though our correspond¬ 
ent speaks of its “ fall ” and “ winding sheet,” we 
are not iuclined to write its obituary until the time 
for its next Annual Exhibition shall have passed. 
Its officers and members should at once make an 
effort to revive au organization which, properly 
conducted, must prove of great benefit to the 
Wool Growers of Western New York. This is the 
more important, now that Sheep and Wool are 
profitable “ institutions,” and from the fact that 
the failure of our wheat crop renders it necessary 
to pay more attention to wool growing, stock breed¬ 
ing, grazing, &c. 
The farmers of Western New York ought not 
only to sustain a Wool Growors Association, hut 
l also one to promote the interests of Stock Brecd- 
>ur suggestions, but hope 
the matter will at least be considered, with a view 
to action if thought expedient. We shall he glad 
to hear from those interested in the matter. We 
have in mind a score or more of stock and wool 
farmers, located in various sections of Western 
New York, whoso opinions are entitled to weight, 
and who we trust will discuss the subject through 
the pages of the Rural, thus addressing the great 
mass of those directly interested in the proposition. 
A PEEP INTO MODERN PHILOSOPHY. 
KITCHEN 
The fields ofScienceare so numerous, and so many 
new conditions of elements meet the searcher after 
truth at every stage of progress, that be is almost 
universally compelled to give up his researches in 
disgust, and declare “ God’s ways past finding out.” 
But modern philosophers are bold in their posi¬ 
tions, and declare they “arc clear and unqnestion- 
hle, and can be supported by facts and arguments 
irrefragible.” Folk “ backed dowi 
on the ques¬ 
tion in quotation, and the Liebeg philosophers will 
back down on soil analysis. So far as practical 
results are concerned, said analysis is a naked fal¬ 
lacy. Science is only a new name for investiga¬ 
tion—a side trail upon the great highway of knowl¬ 
edge. Analysis does not reach the creative power 
in the production of results, but merely discusses the 
existence of materials as furnished to an unknown 
power to work out magnificent results in the veget¬ 
able kingdom. The cause, the means employed— 
the channel through which fourteen distinct ele¬ 
ments of vegetable life are used to produce a per¬ 
fect head of wheat—are yet obscure to the eye of 
vegetable physiology. Investigation, notwithstand¬ 
ing it has assisted the cultivator of the soil to in¬ 
crease his crops in many instances, has, in a 
majority of cases, presented false theories. The 
fact that 100 pounds of wheat, when grown, con¬ 
tains 1 pound of phosphoric acid by analysis, does 
not demonstrate that the application of 1 pound of 
the same acid from the drug store returned to the 
soil, will, next season, produce like results. Or, if 
1 pound of lime ho forced into 100 pounds of wheat 
straw, by analysis, it does not prove that all that 
lime was drawn from the soil by capillary attrac¬ 
tion, and that by returning the same amount of\ 
lime to the soil next season, like results will he 
secured. 
The man who says to the tiller of the soil, “ Show 
me 100 pounds of the soil you cultivate, and I can 
tell you how much lime, gypsum, potash and other 
elements are necessary to produce 80 bushels of 
wheat per acre,” is an impostor, and deserves to be 
treated as such. The soluble materials of the 
earth, and the volatile elements of the atmosphere, 
are drawn into the plant by capillary attraction and 
atmospheric pressure, where the unerring laws of 
composition and decomposition are continually 
going on, by which these elements arc transformed 
into straw and kernel. The amount of wheat grown 
at any given time depends much upon the state of 
the weather during its growth and maturity. If 
the season be excessively wet, there will be an over- 
PARL0R 
Second Story—A., Bed Room 14 feet 5 inches by 11 fee 
9 inches ; B., Chamber 18—9 by 15; C. C. II»“s 5 D. 
Bed Room 9—6 by 11; E. Bed Room 14—0 B Y H! F. 
Servants’ Bed Room 12—6 by 14—6; G. Tvissage 3—6 
in width. 
Ground Plan—I). R., Dining Room IS feet 9 inches by 
15 feet; Parlor, 18—9 by 14—6; Library, 15 by 14—6; 
Kitchen, 12—6 by 13—6; Wash Room 12 by 8; Hall 
6—5 in width. 
growth of straw and a diminished growth of grain. 
Visible facts clearly show that the 80 per cent of 
silica found in a wheat, rye, barley or corn plant, 
when ripe, is but a small part drawn from the 
“flint sand” of the soil, but crystalized in the 
plant from liquids and fluids drawn and compressed 
into it while growing. Then shall we stop inves¬ 
tigation in this direction ? Certainly not; hut by 
giving more attention to visible results drawn - ul J 
by the practical tillers of the soil —thought* 1 * olj - j 
serving men—and less to the conclusion®'* 1 ’specu¬ 
lative philosophers, sugar refiner® - n< 4 manufac¬ 
turers of patent manures, we -*muld approximate 
much nearer a substantial agri Jultur *H progression. 
The man who grows 20 mshels of wheat pro¬ 
duces 12 lbs. of phosphorus Does vegetable econo¬ 
my teach that 12 lbs. phosphoric acid from the drug¬ 
gists, in its crude state, at a cost of $25, should be 
returned to the soil? Such a course of reasoning 
would inevitably lead to false conclusions and dis¬ 
astrous results. Ground boms furnish this mete- 
rial in great quantities; and line and ashes furnish 
nearly all the materials that eiter into the compo¬ 
sition of bones. By analysis; we have discovered 
that these materials exist in plants; but practical ' 
experience proves that they ball be returned to the j 
soil to unite with vegetable n aterials, to make them 
available to the growing j ant. Vegetation un¬ 
doubtedly manufactures meat of its silica from the 
unfixed alkalies furnished iti the soil and decompos¬ 
ing vegetable matter, and reluires it in the condition 
