tering will adhere to them much better than to lath. HOW TO MAKE FENCE ON ROCK. being wintered in a fanning-mill with a boy to turn | CXvttrvf tit 11 
Hoping this will furnish as good a foundation - all the time. Some years ago I undertook to use WUilU Ul lljv 
for what remains to be said, as it will for you to Friend Moore :—C. H. Dk Witt, Wood Co., Ohio, one of these machines, (bee hives,) the price of_ 
build upon, we will Leave the matter for another wishes to know “ what is the best plan to build a which was $4,50. The first season I drove a strong Burning Sods for tlieir Allies, 
week. j. e. s. door-yard fence where it is impossible to set the swarm into it, which, after remaining a few days, At a meeting of the Skaneateles Farm 
Pompey, Onon. Co., N. T., May, 1S59. posts in the ground on account of rock.” I will came out and flew to parts unknown. The next ga y S t be Albany Cultivator ' Mr. W. P. G 
Rural Spirit of tljc Press. (Agricultural illiscellang. 
sveek. J. e. s. door-yard fence where it is impossible to set the swarm into it, which, after remaining a few days, At a meeting of the Skaneateles Farmer’s Club, 
Pompey, Onon. Co., N. Y., May, 1S59. posts in the ground on account of rock.” I will came out and flew to parts unknown. The next sa ys the Albany Cultivator; Nr. W. P. Giles gave 
-- give him my plan; it may not be the best, however, I put a young swarm into this hive, which starved tbe result of an experiment on his farm, some years 
HOW TO COT DRAINS FOR BRUSH OR TILE bu ^ sucb as * bave I " g' vc - * n winter with plenty of honeys in a box just above a g 0; j n burning the turf upon a piece of swampy 
_ ‘ Use 4 by 4 scantling, (oak is preferable,) for the them ; those few that passed into this box found g,. 0 uud which had been reclaimed by draining. 
Eds. Rural :-In reply to inquiry of C. C. D., of P osts ! len 8 th accordin £ to the hei 8 ht of fence dc - [t so cold that the J could not ^ap the honey. Thc sod was cut loose in the fall, ar.d in the spring 
Syracuse, I beg leave to say that my ditch is one sired-(mine are three feet seven inches.) Take The third year I put a small swarm into it, not was thrown into heaps, and burned by the aid of 
foot wide on the top, four inches wide on the bot- % inch oval iron for braces; cut them from 17 to thinking it a safe place for a valuable one. This old rails and stump3) and the asbes wag tben 
tom, and three feet deep where the land will per- 18 inches lon S ’» let a blacksmith flatten one end swarm located themselves in the moth, at least thc 8pread as a top-dressing upon the land immediately 
mit; in some flat spots I can only get it eighteen and P uncb a hole sultable for a % mch ' bolt) aud <l ueen and most of tbe bees ~ a box in the lower after plowing . the result was an enormous crop of 
inches. My soil is a loam one foot to eighteen bend the same as nearly as he can to the perpen- part of the lave which would hold about ten pounds corn( wbile tbe adjacent parts of the same field 
dppn on n r.lav snhsml T S nme nnr. dicuIar ° f the P 0St > wbeU th ° braCG 1S bent t0 lt > ° f ll0ne y> bat which never did Contain more than were rninftd hv thft worms The (rronnd continues 
inches deep, on a clay subsoil. I have some por 
were ruined by the worms. The ground continues 
tions of land composed of one foot black soil and which is easily done wben fastGned at tlic bottom, half that amount for some unknown reason. This to producc larger crops of grain and grass tban 
one foot of sand on a clay subsoil. I use beech for 
If the surface of the rock upon which he purposes was not far from where I came to the conclusion 
any other parts of the field to this day. He also 
brushing, as hard wood is the best. Pine would buddin S is leve1 ’ ° r nearly “ d Soft * n0l ' gh ’ that the next man that sold me a dose of humb «g alluded to the practice of the Hon. Mr. Dickinson, 
be very lasting, and the foliage excellent for cover- d " U a % incb bole ’ Sa { 3 in <*es deep, in the place under the name of improved bce-liives must be a of Steube n Co., of cutting up tbe sod along the side 
ing the drain. Cedar is another good material. I wbere the P 0st 1& ; t0 b ° SCt A X ° Ch I '°, Und resident ’ for at least a Ion S time > of the land of of the highway, and throwing it in heaps and burn- 
have said my ditch was a foot wide on top, four iron > cut f lkcs aboat fi J e inche * lo “ g ’ haTe tbe “ wooden nutme g«> ~ and then ^ would’nt. ing it as a manure , with bene fi c ial results. 
inches on the bottom, and three feet deep. This is sbar P ened " P 01 “ tad at ™ end ’ fo ' tbe P os * a to East Shelb ^ N ” T ” Ma * 1869 ‘ L L Sulpllur for Stoclc 
,, ., . , ’ , * , „ . rest upon; borea^inch hole in the bottom of the -- &ul P“ ur lor »tocir. 
the way it is done:—A common spade taxes out 1 » • * 1 . e. • ... , .. . ,, 
nearly a foot wide, and ten inches deep; a second P« st > dee P Gnou 8 h tG admi the s P lke 5 fas en th ® ABOUT CHINA TEA WHEAT. A “ the 0hl ° F “ rmer thinks that tbe 
ing it as a manure, with beneficial results. 
Sulplixir for Stoclr. 
A writer in the Ohio Farmer thinks that the 
value of Sulphur for stock is not sufficiently 
known, and in recounting the benefits to be de- 
„ \ , ’ . , , „ r x, blunt end of the spike in the rock firmly, (which _ value of Sulphur for stock is not sufficiently 
spade takes out ten inches deeper then follows the ^ bc done runni in hot lcad or drivi in .... .. . . . . . known, and in recounting the benefits to be de- 
shovel to clean out the crumbsthespadehasleft common cut nails at the S side } then drive the t . Ican say to J J. BofLockport, who inquires . d from itg a s as followsMost 
beh nd. There is just room in the ditch to allow , , , , v ^ 1 ’ in the Rural ofMay 7th about China or Tea Wheat, . „ 
“ , * , J , . , . firmly down upon the spike; then (or before if ,, , farmers are well aware that there are certain sea- 
the shovel to work easily. Mv ditch is now twenty J * * \ k . that it has been grown in this vicinity for several . ,, , • ^ c , 
, , . , . preferred,) drill another hole just the size of the , e ,, r .. , , , ,, sons in the year when animals of every descrip- 
lnches deep, and ready for the draining spade to ; . ■* years, and for three or four years it has been badly . ,, , „ ,, „ , , , 
& 1 nnd fo.. nn/i.mV, 11 ,o j . .. J tion on the farm—from the finest col t to tbe nnnrest. 
take out 16 inches deep at a draught; this gives brace ,nside of the P ost > far enou S h from the P ost eaten by the midge, unless sown late.-O. D. H. tl0 “ °. n tbefarm-from the finest colt to the poorest 
me a ditch 36 inches. After the draining spade to S lve the brace an an 8 le of about fort ^ flve de ' East Rodman, N Y., 1850. calf-become afflicted with (in plain English) lice, 
follows a long handled hoe made like a scoop, S rees when bent to then bolt the upper end - (one of the plagues of Egypt,) or ticks To be- 
seven inches long- this takes out all the crumbs drml y to post with a % bolt 4% inches long Messrs. Eds. In the Rural of May 7th is an come fiee from any trouble or injuries from the 
and removes any small obstacle, and I am now < being P articuIar “ fastening to the post so as to inquiry from J. J. B„ Lockport, N. Y„ in regard attack of <; bese P Gsts > we bave onl f tG P ut sul P hur 
ready for my brush or tile. A ditch thus made get xt P er P end * cldar -) will then have a post, to the midge working in the China Tea Wheat. I in ta e food, or salt of stock so infested, or mix a 
a bottle turned bottom onwards How when the fence is com P leted > th at will stand firm would say, as regards this section, they worked little iu lard > and rub il on the sma H and young 
does it get that shape? By this means-_The a gai nst the strongest winds. very badly indeed last year. It has been almost animals. A speedy cure maybe depended upon. 
common spade makes a so uare cut down for twentv 1 bave about sixt y rods of tb is description of the only variety sown in this section for a few I think a teaspoonful two or three times a week¬ 
does it get that shape? By this means:-The a g a ^* the strongest winds. 
, ^ , , I have about sixty rods < 
common spade makes a square cut down for twenty 
pering down to four inches at the point, completes 
the work by taking out sixteen inches of earth, 
aging say nearly 18 inches long by 12 to 15 wide, any variety we have ever raised here, but it has sh eep and hogs. It has been said, and, I believe, 
allowing two inches to the tool to work easily The and f rom 3 6 inches thick. I then believed, and to be cut before it is very ripe, or the first heavy with some show of truth, that, given plentifully 
cutting of this part in a peculiar manner lies in am n(nv satisfied > that U is a better way than setting w i n d will shell it.—T. 0.’ W., Rutland Hills, Jeff, at the beginning of warm weather, as above direct- 
handling the draining tool in a proper way. It thc I )0sts into the ground ’ as therc is but little if & Y -> __ ed ’ ever >' ° tbe 
is not to be used like the common spade, but, being chance fo / tbe P osts *? ro *- bein S alw T above Friend Moore -J J B in your issue of May ^ ° , 1 
n - a- the surface of the ground. The expense is but a amend moore. j. j. a., m youi issue ot May i ng the wool; 
gouge-shaped, it is pressed into the eartb m adiago- lpiflc „„ Hlall 5cl , iD ls j lhe 0 „ lh thelrm Tlh.u-ishcs to know if auj- one ever knew the China , b “ bi snolr 
nal manner,and draws out the ear h mono sol,d co st!,vcr4 X cculs per pound. Tea Whoa, to bc injured by the midge. Permit yirginU, in tl 
p,eee,,n the same way as the tool that ,s used m Lri the bolt. »3,«i p« r hn^dMd. It takeslesi “>* benefit of your correspondent ’ T 
trying but er when m a flrkm. It IS a d.lbeult . ' ’ and all others concerned, that I, for one, hare T „„ 
ed, every other week, till shearing time, it opens 
the pores of the skin, curing cough, and whiten¬ 
ing the wool; and as evidence of which, look at 
7th, wishes to know if any one ever knew the China tbo big gnow white sheep on thc mou ntains of 
ea Wheat to be injured by the midge. 1 cimit Virginia, in the vicinity of the sulphur springs.” 
matter to describe its operation ; it niust be seen 
in operation, and then looks simple enough.— 
Should any one be desirous of seeing the operation 
of draining, let him, without any ceremony, give 
me a call, and I shall be hapjiy to show him how it 
is done. I have expert hands, who will soon cut 
out a few rods, and show the process. I reside on 
the plank road, two miles north of Geneva, and any¬ 
one coming from a distance can make my house his 
home during his visit, and I can warrant him a 
good welcome. W. L. Logie. 
Wilford Farm, Seneca, N. V., May, 1S59. 
P. S.—I sowed some orchard grass seed last year. 
timber for posts, and not much more labor to set 
icli Bog in Calves. 
This disease is prevailing to some extent in 
them. If quarry stone are used they should be n °''° * 10 ca ie;d *° ni J urcd b ' tbe mid S e > Ohio, and a correspondent of the Ohio Cultivator 
bedded about half their thickness into the ground, an la ' e g0 ° rcason 1° elie\e that there are wr j^ es that journal as follows:—“Black Leg first 
as they will stand more firmly than on thc surface. nian ' 1,101 c ,u meI s 111 our ^°" n " bo can te>tii\ to ma j- es j^g appearance on the inside of thc hind leg 
North Rush, N. Y., May, 1859. II. 13. II. t e saine ac . ntu spnngo 1858 sowed my 0 f the calf, about two or three inches above thc hoof, 
- Tea Wheat earlier than usual, about the middle of - n the form of a small scab . Sometimes this scab 
SOD FENCES Apn ’ &Dd 1 th, “ k 1 ° aU Say tLat 1 loSt 0De * will increase in size, and sometimes not. I have 
_ ‘ f° urth °L my J rop m COn& ; e( l uence „ of the , midge - _ known calves to die with it, when the scab was no 
Eds. Rural :—Having noticed the inquiry of W. 
Eds. Rural:— Having noticed the inquiry of W. 5 ut 116 Tca ^ ieatsown ate ’ sa >' from the 12 th to j ar g er tban a five cent piece, and at other times I 
H. Chaffee, of Byron, Mich., in regard to sod tlia 20th of May, I lave never known to be injured bave seen it spread over the whole surface of the 
fences, I would inform him, through the Rural, any extent b ^' tbat bttle P est of an insect. Be- j eg j f my observations be correct, I believe the 
that they arc very common in the West, on both xng a b earded variety it is less liable to be injured d ; sease j s m0 re fatal when the scab is of a small 
wet and dry laud. For marsh land they are the by tbe mid » e ^ ban either *be club or bald variety; gize , £ or tbig j nd i ca t es an inward working of the 
best, as well as the cheapest, fence made. The ne,ieit beless, if you will sow the Tea Wheat early, des t r0 y er . But if the sore or scab be large, and 
BRUSH DRAINS “RIGHT SIDE UP.” 
Eds. Rural :—E. Bixby’s publication of his ex¬ 
perience with brush drains I fear may cause brush 
to fall below par, and tile to rise; but time will 
decide the question. My “jumping at a conclu- 
ing the land. For land not too wet, the ditches ') - 
should be four feet wide and three deep, and taper- HITCHING POSTS. 
ing to one foot in width at thc bottom, will be - 
found sufficient to give plenty of sod and earth to Hitching Posts ! What is there in a hitching 
build a durable fence. The cost of double ditch of P ost tbat is worth considering ? 1st, The material. 
advise those who have any of this 1 afflicted class of 
HITCHING POSTS. stock to watch them with a careful eye, and as soon 
- as the disease makes its appearance, remove the 
Hitching Posts! What is there in a hitching scab, and with a sharp knife lay open the leg about 
<st that is worth considering ? 1st, The material. an inch above and below the sore, cutting imine- 
i f ,, , , j . • . . ... this size is about fifty cents per rod, now, but in * ron str0D g> durable, and can be cast in a great dia.tely through it, and if possible to the bone, 
decide the auesti'on My “jumping -it a” 10 'V g°° d times seventy-five cents was the ruling price, variety of fancy or fantastic forms. A good iron which is no difficult task, as the bone lies near the 
sion for sixteen years” had not for its base^ 1 Prairie land can be fenced by single ditch for post, well masoned in, is perhaps best, yet rather surface in this part. If the orifice should close too 
> • j i f twenty-five cents per rod, and double ditch at expensive. Stone is expensive, is not strong, is soon, it should be opened again, and kept open for 
obtained'fr om those who'had personall - kn thirty-eight cents, and if well built is durable and constantly liable to get broken, and should not be several days, or until the calf is out of danger. If 
brush drains to last twenty years in Engkrid^nd ^ eda but little repair annually.- L. H. Doyle, ^ed. Living trees would be good, except that the weather be dry, or the calves have good shelter, 
mv nnor experience of one' veir enaWeH me to otse 9°> Wu -> Ma V 16 » 18o0. there aie horses that would be quite sure to girdle it would be well to mix a small quantity of sulphur 
brush drains to last twenty years in England, and 
my poor experience of one year, enabled me to 
conclude I might be as successful as others who 
had more experience than myself. There is a 
right and a wrong way of doing a thing; perhaps 
Mr. B.’s may be the right way, and mine the 
wrong; time must decide that. According to E. 
B., he cut a ditch 2 feet wide and 18 inches deep, 
BEES AND BEE-HIVES —AGAIN. 
Messrs. Editors: —As the inquiries of W. G. 
and destroy them the first opportunity. 
A good post may be made as follows 
with their salt, as it would have a tendency to 
-Take a purify their blood.” 
chestnut post eight feet long and ten inches in Good, and Bad Ifarminj: 
Messrs. Editors: —As the inquiries of W. G. diameter; cut a notch all around the small end, One of the contributors to the American Farm- 
Richey and J. H. Smith, in the Rural, of April a bout six inches from the end. Then hew e rs’ Magazine gives us his views upon this subject 
30th, under the head of “ Bees aud Bee-hives,” have ^ be ^ ar S e end from the middle of the post j n the following manner:—“ If there be what our 
and put in brush 10 inches thick, leaving 8 inches not y et been answered, I will offer a few words on to *be end, where it should have a diameter of title indicates, then there are both good and bad 
clear of the brush. Now, he need not complain ; the subject. But as I shall not attempt to answer a bout nine inches. Make a large hole four feet farmers. Did the earth bring forth spontaneously, 
I think it operated well for the time and circum- the im P ortan t inquiry fully, I will proceed in that dee P 5 set the P ost with to P end d «wn; prepared in all latitudes and localities, then there would be 
stances. I should not consider this a drain; in vei 7 brief and wholesale manner in which I com- as described above; fill up the hole with stone well no occasion to speak of good farming and bad 
my humble opinion it is a miniature brush-heap, “enced this article. pounded down. Plait the top of the post over with farming, nor of good farmers and bad farmers, 
A horse walking over a surface two feet wide, only Apiaries should be so situated and constructed sheet iron, and wind the upper part of it with hoop, for there would be nothing to do but to gather the 
eight inches of soil covering the brush, must cer- that the hives and bees, and the atmosphere in their band or sheet iron, to prevent the horses gnawing it; spontaneous productions of the earth. But this 
tainly make some impression on the’ drain and immediate vicinity, may be warmed by the sun at then trim U with a rin S> hook > and a cha m three feet i s not so ; for it has been decreed to man, that by 
pack it well down, particularly if the earth is in a nearl y a11 times of da I r > and at a11 seasons of the lon S with a sna P on each end - Fasten thc chain the sweat of his face he should eat bread. This 
wet state. I cannot blame any one for coming to 7 ear > and at tbe same time be protected as much as to the post by a staple, one-third the way from one implies labor, whose application and direction 
the conclusion that brush was no go under such possible from wind and weather. I have observed end of the chain to the other. The short end of the constitutes the principal difference between good 
circumstances. I mean to stick to Mr. Brush, for tbat g eneral L v th ose who have been successful in chain wil1 serve for a single horse or the nearest an d bad farming. For the same sun shines, the 
he has been a good friend to me, and hope to have bee-keeping, have kept them in a warm, sheltered borse in a team, and the long end will be right for same dews distil, the same showers descend, the 
him in my soil for many a long year; but should ( not shaded) situation, and that bees thus kept, in tbe borse furthest from the post. Put two such same breezes sweep over the plains of the bad 
he use me badly I will then “ report progress” for tbe morn i n g > n early spring, were at work long be- P osts S1X or ei S h t feet apart, and make a platform farmer that do over the acres of the good. The 
the benefit of all concerned. ° fore those which were exposed to cold and upon between them from which to get into wagons, with latter is diligent, methodical, skillful, and enter- 
Men will have different vi • d • : c w bich the sun was not admitted. As “to know steps to ascend to the platform from the sidewalk, prising, while the former is wanting in all these, 
matters ai d \l' ' T^i' S ° pim0nS ° f the disease is half its cure,” a remedy is readily aild you have a very desirable accompaniment to and more, for he is the slothful man, whose portrait 
matters and things. Had I the land Mr. B. de¬ 
scribes I should treat it to an open ditch till all . . „ ,. , , . ., ... , . „ , . , , , . ., , 
the surplus water was removed- then I si 11 As , to wh ich is the best plan of constructing out its hitching post. And while making it, make known to our readers. Ihe good farmer takes 
consider whether it was worth tilimr whicT T bee ‘ hives >” 1 would sa y tha t I distinctly, though U safe - Get a stron S P ost > know tha t it is well care to have plenty of forage, for without forage 
think it must be, for Mr. B owns to on”' l briefly gave my views in the Rural of Jan. 29th, anc bored, have ring, hook, staples, chain and snaps be can keep no cattle, no horses, no cows. Grass 
under the brush-heap system A nekrhb and tbe y are unchanged. In that communication ad strong. Sham will do on fancy articles, where lands, both for hay and pastures, are indispensa- 
mine came to see my brush drains wa ^ *1 I stated tbat I preferred the common box-hive (not tbe appearance is all that is desired; but a hitch- hie; aud root crops are also essential to aid in 
pleased with them and made manv ’ to say that U was P erfcct -) There is a hive made in S P ost with a11 fixtures, which are liable to be feeding live stock. Besides these, wheat, barley, 
shnwpd him thp Hrainir,^ +„„i , 1 mquines. 1 j n tbis p j ace named f roin itg sbape « tbe N 0 .p atent P ut to the severest tests at any hour of the day, by buckwheat, oats, rye, and corn, must be produced 
m h'” °. Be ‘ 0c ‘*e™ Hive." This hive has 1 box oa the top eitbor frantie or vicious horses, should he ,mj. '» r “‘> '»“■ 
well with a common snadp 'll "i C ° H - ° J ? S * S for tftk iug honey and for feeding bees; it is made Fences are neither safe nor cheap hitching posts. But) sa .\® llle ljal1 farmer, wealth is the secret of 
well with a common spade. He has since plowed - f,/. , ., . , , b uecs, 11 is maae o l success with my neighbor, the good farmer. He 
and scraped out a ditch, filled in witii hntni, 0 P ine > inches thick, planed and painted, and ‘bade tiees should never be used. If you would save has inherited money, or else has made it in other 
suggested. 
a well appointed home. No house should be with- js so vividly drawn in an old oriental volume well 
no doubt will expect great results; but his labor 
will be lost, and he will be “down” on brush drains. 
An outlay of a few dollars would have enabled 
him to do the thing the right way and get good 
“S Davis’ Platform Bee-hive,” I have heard, but bosses, and also keep out a constant token to your S ca8C} wbUe it ^ a “ be also witXny well-t!^ 
not seen, and have no more to say. And as to friends to come and share your hospitalities, put up do farmers. Remember, it is good farming that 
“ which is the best book treating on bees,” I have ( J ood and substantial hitching posts. s. pays. Bad never does. So far is it from this, 
I would here remark that ditchincr j, • • onl ^ to sa y> 1 ma y bave been unfortunate in my Binghampton, N. Y., 1859. tbat it not not only fails to pay, but impoverishes 
X wouiu nere remaik tnat ditching and draining . a, y _ _ him who is engaged in it. ho man can afford to 
are distinct branches. You must have open ditches <• , ’ 01 a lar S e number, I have not ^ . raise seven bushels of rye per acre, or ten bushels 
to carry off the floods if land lies level as min • , und as va mable information on the subject as Maple Sugar.— Twelve farmers in Greenfield, of wheat, fifteen of oats or barley, twenty of corn, 
does, then tile underground that ° froni Agricultural papers, where disputed points Mass., made 12,175 pounds of maple sugar the pres- &c., while good farmers produce of wheat and rye 
r^r„e^" d&irl r isc T d -If methi " B 
drains. It is too much to expect tile to take all ^ earned, however, ft om all. ^otprepared The gieatest yield per tiee was four pounds; and two or three hundred of potatoes. No wonder 
the water; it will take too Ion - a time to nerooHtP x? 7 WhlCh XS best and th ° smallest a trifle less than three pounds; that bad farming leads ultimately to the abandon- 
,, . _ . ° pexcoiaie A 0 on „ of _x I- _ v , flip nvorano wna o l.clf IVc --i_ in" of the business, because it, dees nnt. rvnv 
through and the earth does mTt pet the f .,11 L ° V? N ° one ’ of course, ought to object to a patent the average was about three and a half lbs. per tree. °C tbe business, because it does not pay 
iuugu, auu me eartnaoes not get the full benefit if it io gn , . e r _ _ True, it does not pay, never did for any length of 
•of the drains. I have a map of my farm with all observations c ent ’ but SG fur as fy „ _ time, and never will. There are no more indepen- 
the drains laid down, and showing the open ditches 
I find it very useful. I got this idea from a sea 
observations extend in that direction, the so-called A Naturalist Northward Bound.— Mr. Robert dent’people in the world than good farmers,' and 
improved bee-hives properly belong to that class of Kennic ott, son of Dr. J. A. Kennicott, of Illinois, lias few more miserable, dependent, and wretched, 
Wilford Farm, May, 1S59. 
J> the bees are divided and subdivided and ventilated „ ^ , 8 I hen shall good farming be the rule, aud bad 
W. L. Logie. on all sides ) mav be had bv imam’ninr, region. He goes, we believe, under the auspices of the farming the exception. May the day be hastened 
I on an siaes,; may he had by imagining a swarm Smithsonian Institute. when this shall be verified.’’ 
The Devon Herd Rook—A merican edition, 2 d Vob 
ume, by Sanford Howard— will be issued soon. 
Tiif. Seneca Co. Fair is to be held at Waterloo, Oct, 
12th, 13th and 14tli. 
The Annual Fair of the Jefferson Co. Ag. Society 
is to be held at Watertown, Sept. 21st and 22d. 
Tns Annual Flowing Match of the Livingaton 
Co. Agricultural Society is to bo held at Avon on the 
9th of June. 
Mr. E. Marks, of Camillus, N. Y., has recently 8 0 ] d 
the imported Short-horn bull “Marquis of Carrabas” 
(11789) to W.m. Boies, Esq., Cortlandvillo, N. Y. This 
noted animal is said to be lively and vigorous, yet per- 
fectly docile. 
Woman as a Farmer.— A southern paper states that 
the most extensive plantation in Louisiana is managed 
by a woman—Mrs. A. E. Flint. During the last year 
she raised 1,800 hogsheads of molasses and 400 bales of 
cotton—the largest crop produced on any plantation in 
that State. 
New Horse Track Proposed.—A gentleman of Hart¬ 
ford, Ct., suggests a new form of “ track ” for the ex¬ 
hibition of horses. His idea is to make it in the shape 
of an elongated figure 8, so that as the track crosses the 
intersection or middle of the figure, neither horse can 
get the advantage of the shorter or inside track. 
Tents and Flags for Ag. Fairs, &o.—In answer to 
several recent inquiries, and for the benefit of officers 
of Agricultural Societies and others interested, we 
would state that Mr. James Field, of this city, can 
accommodate those who wish to rent or purchase tents 
and flags for use at Fairs, Encampments, &e. See his 
announcement in our advertising department. 
Weather, Cr.ors, &c.—The weather has been quito 
cool since our last — with a hail sterm on Saturday 
and a slight frost on Sunday night, though no material 
injury was caused by either. The weather is now (24th) 
warm and pleasant again. Tho growing wheat, spring 
crops, grass and fruit (except peaches) look remarkably 
fine, and promise well for tho season. Our advices 
from the West, and other parts of the Union, arc gen¬ 
erally most encouraging in regard to crops. 
Fawkes’ Steam Plow. - V*'riling to the Prairie Farmer 
Mr. Fawkes says lie has tried his new plow and it works 
satisfactorily—is much pleased with the improvements, 
and believes he is able to compete with thc world. 
After exhibiting his plow in Philadelphia and Lancas¬ 
ter, Pa , Mr. F. will ship his machine to McLean Co., 
III., where be has contracted to break prairie, and pur¬ 
poses to compete for the liberal premiums offered by 
the State Ag. Society. 
Mutton Sheep for Texas. —A New York city paper 
says Mr. Leland, of the Metropolitan Hotel, receutly 
shipped forty pure blood Southdown and Leicester 
sheep to his brother in Texas, intended to improve tho 
breed upon a large sheep farm or “ ranclie,” and adds: 
“ When shall wo have fresh, fat Southdown mutton 
from Texas served up daily upon our hotel tables ? For 
to that complexion, we suppose, we shall come at last. 
We have had fresh mutton in this city from Algeria, in 
Africa, and by the same process of preservation wo can 
certainly have it from Texas.” 
Gone to Europe.— We have neglected to slate that 
Luther II. Tucker, Esq., junior editor of tho Country 
Gentleman, is spending the Summer in Europe—having 
sailed on the 23d ult. Also, that Sanfop.d Howard, 
Esq, of the Boston Cultivator, was prevented from 
leaving for Europe on the 4th inst., as announced, on 
account of severe illness. We are glad to learn, how¬ 
ever, that Mr. II. soon recovered, and sailed on thelSth. 
We trust our friends will have a pleasant and profitable 
season abroad—steer clear of the “ grand armee” and 
fighting generally—and return to home and friends in 
health and safety. 
Early Winter Wheat.— An enterprising farmer of 
Holley, Orleans Co., Mr. Nelson Hatch, writes:—“On 
the 8th day of Sept, last, I planted a small piece of 
early wheat as an experiment It wintered well, now 
stands 3 feet 8 inches high, and this 21st day of May is 
headed out,—while Mediterranean, sown on the same 
land and fifteen days earlier, is not as high, and judg¬ 
ing from appearances will not head in ten or fifteen days. 
If this wheat proves what it now promises of doing, 
and should be thought worthy of notice, I will advise 
Rural readers of its yield, quality and other particu¬ 
lars not here mentioned.” 
n.vY Caps Wanted.— A subscriber at Middleville, 
N. Y., asks us to inform him, through thc Rural, “if 
there are any manufacturers of hay caps, and if so of 
what sizes and prices ? Are they without a seam, and 
are they oiled or painted, or both?” Hay caps are 
manufactured somewhat extensively in Boston, but we 
cannot answer definitely as to sizes, prices, &c. Wc 
believe they arc from to 2 yards square, made ct 
sheeting and drilling, and cost from 30 to 62 cents each. 
Can any ©f our readers answer as to the cost and utility 
of hay caps from practical experience? 
Howto “Head” the Crows.—M r. II. O. Gregory, 
of Lockport, who evidently does not consider cfows 
very valuable, thus tells us how he prevented tbetn 
from pulling up his corn :—“ Having seen many scare¬ 
crows in newspapers and cornfields, I want to tell you 
how I managed last year. Obtained a shilling’s worth 
of strychnine, dissolved it in about two quarts of warm 
water, and soaked some corn in thc water over night. 
Early in the morning I scattered the corn ia tho most 
exposed portions of the cornfield. Such a catv-cawlng 
as there was among the crows a little after sunrise I 
never before heard. Happening to ho in an adjoining 
piece of woods a few days after, I picked up about 
twenty dead crows, and after tbat there was not a crow 
seen on that cornfield, nor scarcely any in the neighbor 
hood during tho summer.” 
The Rural Appreciated.— We are in daily receipt 
of letters speaking in the most appreciative terms of the 
Rural, but rarely publish any of theiiL For example* 
we this morning (May 21st) received, among others, 
three epistles from which we will quote in tho order in 
which they were opened. No. 1 is from Newark, h. 
J., and says:—“Having one of your Rurals before me, 
and it being, according to my knowledge, the best paper 
devoted to Agriculture, Rural Life, Literaturo, Science, 
&c., I am desirous of taking it for at least six mont is, 
and therefore inclose $1.” No. 2, from Romo, N. -i 
says:—“ I have taken the Rural about four years, aia 
very well pleased with the paper, and shall continue ^ 
as long as it bears its present reputation.” Tho t nr^ 
hails from Esopus, Ulster Co., N. Y , and reads thus: 
“ I send you $2 for the Rural one year. I have b ° fle 
a reader of its pages for six months, and find it t e n 
plus ultra in the Agricultural newspaper line. I a * 
found several articles in it, each of which was wot 
the price of a whole volume." 
