JACKSON'S IMPROVEMENTS ON MOWERS AND REAPERS. 
For Description, Price, &c., of Improvements above illustrate! — intended to reduce Side Draft 
and lessen Whole Draft of Mowers and Reapers — see advertisement of S. E. & M. P. Jackson. 
TO THE OLD HEADS. 
by every means through which the value or use¬ 
fulness of a thing can be demonstrated, should be 
set aside without an investigation of the princi¬ 
ples upon which they ate built, or the object which 
they are designed to and are attaining, by the use 
of such a foolish remark, seems unworthy of the 
age or of a man of sense. 
So I thought on becoming acquainted with the 
followiDgcircumstances. A certain good farmer (?) 
having occasion to sell some corn, went to a dealer 
in produce to dispose of it. “ What will you give,” 
said he to the man of grain, “ for one hundred bush¬ 
els of corn?” “ Well, don’t know,—the fact is don’t 
care about buying much. Market’s pretty full; 
things are looking gloomy on account of this war; 
guess times are going to be pretty hard; ’spect 
corn’s worth about seventy cents.” “Can’t you 
give no more than that for it?” “No sir,” em : 
phatically responded Grain, tui ning upon bis heel, 
apparently indifferent concerning the event.— 
“ Weli, I guess you can have what little I’ve got,” 
returned our Farmer. 
This pretty little business transaction was duly 
“signed, sealed and delivered,” and one of the 
parties made a large profit, and the other a large 
loss. Let us examine this transaction. To my 
certain knowledge this farmer “dropped” his 
paper because ho wanted “every cent he could 
get,” and it “ would’nt pay to continue it.” Hence 
he did not know that periods of war excitement 
generally produce advanced prices in those things 
upon which war depends for its sustainment, (al¬ 
though followed by a corresponding depression at 
its close, if not before,) but he might have been 
posted in this respect if he had known what would 
pay, and have saved something besides, as the 
following portion of his experience will show. 
A few days after the “sell,” he met a neighbor, 
from whom he learned that a brother farmer had 
just been offered eighty cents a bushel, but con¬ 
cluded that it would be higher, and was going to 
“hold on.” Last week he felt so “worked up” 
about it, that he borrowed a paper from another 
neighbor, and reading the “Markets,” discovered 
that corn stood at ninety cents a bushel. What 
his ideas concerning the profit-ability of taking a 
good paper, (such as the one that be borrowed,) 
are, I know not; but, I think, myself, that in his 
case at least, going without one “won’t pay. In 
the case of the dealer, it did pay to know what was 
going on in the world of trade and barter, and I 
hazard nothing in saying that his paper is contin¬ 
ued. 
Thus much for an illustration drawn from actual 
life, concerning the working of this non-investi¬ 
gating, without information, penny-wise, pound- 
foolish, anti-progressive principle. It serves to 
give a true appreciation of the old adage, “ Knowl¬ 
edge is Power.” There were days when this 
might have been reversed, affording a reason why 
the desired end of both (success,) was not more 
readily attained. But the Present demands of him 
who would win, a steady step, side by side with 
every real improvement; a thorough study of the 
great world in which he lives, and a proper com¬ 
bination of Theory with Practice. 
A man who lives without any or with but little 
knowledge of what progress the world is making 
in the various phases of its manifested life, or who 
knows nothing (comparatively speaking,) of its 
daily experience, must not be astonished if his 
fellow-beings outstrip him in the march of time. 
That Farmer who believes that it “ Won’t Pay” 
to take a good paper, and tv ho depends upon ortiei s 
for that information which he should possess and 
reason upon himself, must not be surprised if he 
obtains such information at second hand ; or, still 
more, if he ascertains the fact that “Knowledge is 
Power”-ful to make money. w. e. s. 
SOIL ANALYSIS, 
AND THE CHANGEABILITY OF THE HUMAN BODY. 
Messrs. Editors: — The article in the Rural of 
May 7th, entitled “ A Peep into Modern Philoso¬ 
phy” is replete with good things, and I think your 
many readers feel obliged to the writer for attempt¬ 
ing to expose some of the fallacies that obtain so 
readily in this wonderful latter part of the nine¬ 
teenth century. After discussing pretty thoroughly 
the prevailing doctrines of Agricultural Chemistry 
and Vegetable Physiology, he asks — “Has there 
been one new idea established by soil analysis?” I 
will answer in the most decided manner,—Yes sir, 
thousands of them. The analysis of soils is one of 
the grandest achivements in Agricultural Science, 
and the experiments that have been made by 
Liebig, and other eminent Chemists, have opened 
a rich mine of agricultural knowledge, of which the 
world was entirely ignorant. It is well known that 
some soils are not congenial to certain crops, the 
only difficulty being a lack of some of the elements 
which enter into their composition, and in order to 
ascertain the deficiency the soil must be analyzed 
and the difficulty obviated by supplying the needed 
element, whether it be lime, sand, potash, bone 
dust or any other substance that can be easily ap¬ 
plied to the soil. This has been done repeatedly, 
and by this process many farms have been made 
productive. Now, in order to raise any grain 
whatever, the elements of such grain must be in the 
ground. Hence the utility of soil analysis, and 
special manures. 
All physiologists agree that the human body is 
renewed every seven years, or, in other words, that 
it evaporates or passes away by the sensible and in" 
sensible perspirations. The writer says that, “pliy- 
losopliically this may be true, but practically it is 
a stupid non-truth.” But we think that he has 
Jailed to demonstrate the proposition. He says 
jfhh't the scars and other manifestations of the 
buna u body follow the man of 100 years to the 
grave. True, all persons preserve their form, com¬ 
plexion aJ'd identity, and some say that if the body 
is renewed every seven years, we should never 
grow old. 
In the first jjace, change is the prevailing law of 
the Universe, ax'd the human system is not an 
exception to tlas universal principle. The food 
that we eat supplies H' e natural waste of the body, 
but in order to sustain ^ mu st contain all the 
dements of which the body is composed; after pas¬ 
sing into the stomach aa^ undergoing certain 
changes, it is absorbed into h' ie 'veins, and carried i 
by the blood to all parts of the sy stem, and supplies 
the decay that is constantly going' ° n i Q every part | 
of the human frame. As soon as a worn out par¬ 
ticle is thiown off, its place is immediately filled 
t>y another through the agency of the blood, and 
thus the identity of the person is preserved. But 
the objector may say, if the old particles are 
replaced by new ones, how can we ever become 
infirm in body? I answer that the change takes 
place gradually, among the infinitely minute par¬ 
ticles or atoms of matter, of which the human form 
divine is composed, and the new particles arc cor¬ 
rupted by the remaining old ones, so that they iu 
turn have to take their exit from the body. By tak¬ 
ing a calm peep into the philosophy of the thing, we 
cannot fail to see that it cannot be otherwise, for if 
it were not so, men would in a short time wear 
themselves out. How long would it take a man to 
wear out his hands in handling wood or stone?— 
We frequently wear off the outside skin or cuticle, 
and it is as often renewed. It requires but sixteen 
weeks for the nails to grow- from the roots to the 
ends of the fingers. The hair of the head, and the 
beard, wdien shaved off, are constantly reproduced. 
I will conclude with an extract from one of our 
well known Philosophers: —“The decay and de¬ 
composition of animals and vegetables on the sur¬ 
face of the earth form the soil, which nourishes the 
growth of plants and other vegetables; and these 
in their turn, form the nutriment of animals. Thus 
is there a perpetual change from death to life, and 
from life to death, and as constant a succession in 
the forms and places which the particles of matter 
assume. Nothing is lost, and not a particle of mat¬ 
ter is struck out of existence. The same matter of 
which every living animal and every vegetable was 
formed, before the flood, is still in existence. As 
nothing is lost, or annihilated, so it is probable 
that nothing has been added, and that we ourselves 
are composed of particles of matter as old as the 
creation.” N. B. Ament. 
“WHAT ARE WOLF TEETH IN HORSES 1” 
[The following article has been furnished us by R. 
Jennings, V. S., Professor of Anatomy in the Veterin¬ 
ary College, Philadelphia, Pa.] 
In answer to your correspondent C. H. W., in 
the Rural of May 14th, I would say that what are 
called wolf teeth in horses, (so named probably 
from their resemblance to the first molar teeth of 
the wolf,) are regarded by Veterinary Surgeons to 
be two small supernumerary teeth making their 
appearance on either side, immediately anterior of 
the first molar teeth of the upper jaw. The germs 
of these teeth will be found in the jaw of the de¬ 
veloped foal, and are fully formed in the yearling, 
ready to work their way through the gums,—after 
which, as a general rule, they soon fall out; some¬ 
times, however, they remain to au advanced period 
of life, during which time they undergo a change 
in form and resemble more closely the incisor 
teeth of man. Horsemen generally look upon 
these teeth as injurious to the eyes, but such is not 
the fact, as the experience of all Veterinary Sur¬ 
geons will prove. What gave rise to such opinions 
I am unable to say; suppose such was the case, a 
majority of our horses would go blind, as all 
horses have these teeth at some period of their 
lives, most generally from the first to the fifth year. 
If a horse has an attack of specific aphthalmia, 
these teeth are looked for (but at no other time) 
and if found, of course they are supposed to be 
thejeause of the disease and are at once knocked 
out! Tbio prrkoAgg bruise'5'' a ’~ causing COll- 
sid Irable inflammation in tbe parts, which, acting 
as a counter irritant, attracts the inflammation 
from the eye, the same as if a blister had been ap¬ 
plied to some remote part, without disturbing 
these teeth. I have been practicing the veterinary 
profession a number of years and have yet to see a 
single case where these teeth have been in any way 
injurious. 
In quoting “Every Man bis Own Farrier,” you 
have given publicity to some notions which are not 
founded upon the experience of the author or any 
one else, but are altogether imaginary. He says 
they appear “half an inch, or an inch from the 
grinders.” Such is not the fact; they are situated 
in close proximity to the first molar on either side. 
I have my doubts if the author of that valuable 
work ever saw a wolf tooth, certainly not in the 
jaw. Again, he says—“These teeth are seldom 
found in young horses.” Wrong again, for young 
horses are the very ones in which they are found. 
He says they are “ supposed to affect the eyes and 
must be removed,” and recommends the filing of 
them off even with the gums. If they are injuri¬ 
ous how is this filing process to benefit the horse? 
The roots yet remain, and if the teeth are injurious 
at all it must be the roots that are so. Such au¬ 
thors do more harm than good by advancing false 
theories that have not a particle of evidence to 
sustain them. This filing process could not be ac¬ 
complished, as the tooth would either pull out or 
break off in the effort to accomplish such an end. 
If you want the teeth removed take a common pair 
of dentists forceps and pull them out. 
Rochester, May, 1859. 
ABOUT THAT FOUR MINUTE CHURN. 
Mr. Moore :—In your paper of April 2d, I noticed 
a hint from H. A. Cook, of Columbia Co., N. Y., 
relative to the “ four-minute churn,” and have seen 
some reference to it before. We know nothing of 
it in this region, but if it is what is claimed for it, 
we want it here. We have had many churns with 
equal pretensions to the one above named, most of 
which have proved humbugs, rather than churns. 
Now, if this is a new humbug, we would like to 
have it remain among the rocks and sciub-oaks of 
Columbia Co., where, in youthful days, we used to 
hunt rabbits. But, in order to test its real merits, 
I will offer a premium of ten dollars, (to be award¬ 
ed under the direction of a Committee appointed 
by the Kalamazoo County Ag. Society for that pur¬ 
pose,) for a churn that will answer the following 
description, viz :—1st. It must be so simple in its 
construction, and so convenient that it will. be 
adapted to general use. 2d. It must be durable, 
and so cheap as to bring it within the reach of all 
who wish to use it. 3d. It must make from new 
milk as much butter, and of as good quality, as 
can be made from the cream of the same milk, and 
do it with as little labor as would be required to 
make it with the old-fashioned dash churn. 
Kalamazoo, Mich., 1859. M. Heydenbep.k. 
We do not mean, Mr. Moore, to use this term, 
“ old heads,” irreverently-. To do ourselves j ustice 
it is proper to say we have been brought up to 
treat our elders with respect. We are in the 
habit of addressing men by their titles, as Col., 
Capt., Squire, I)r., &c. Others who have not 
these appellations, we address by the general term 
of Uncle, this being as courteous as any of which 
we can think. As a matter of course our relatives 
are numerous. But to the old heads. 
Are you putting your sons forward? If not, we 
must take you to task. Do you do all the running 
to the store, the mill, &c. ? When you ride out, 
do you hold the lines yourself, or put them into 
the hands of the son who rides by your side? The 
most successful farmer I know of here invariably 
lets his boys drive. He charges them with busi¬ 
ness as much as he can. As a consequence his 
boys are smart and ambitious, and are a help and 
a blessing to hitn. I saw him ride by to-day with 
his youngest son occupying this post of honor. 
The King of Heaven places his Son upon the 
right haud of his throne. Our Savior said, “ I and 
my Father are one.” It has always been clear to 
me why celebrated men do not generally have dis¬ 
tinguished sons. The presence of the parent over¬ 
shadowed them so completely that they had no 
chance for self-reliant, independent development. 
It is often the case that we see men upwards of 
thirty, who, to all intents and purposes, as far as 
business is concerned, are boys still. They do 
not speak like men, understand like mcD, or act 
like men in any sense of the word. Now, the 
fault, to my knowledge, is not in “ their stars or 
themselves, but in their father’s that they are un¬ 
derlings.” We have known farmers to introduce 
the parson or other visitors to their horses, cattle 
and sheep, while their children were kept entirely 
in the background. Can their be anything more 
chilling and deadening to the growth of manly 
feeling than s uch, t re at m e n t ? 
We beg of youjtp/, farmers, who have families 
growing up, to gF't fhem a little sunshine. Per¬ 
mit your sons nojj' nid t hen to put in a word edge¬ 
wise when visitonBM^^JJimsk them to Duy ana 
U-.li, t.» pa-y Suppose they 
make mistakes now and theu; if you deal with 
honest men, they- can be rectified. When you are 
passing down the declivities of this life, have a 
care that your sons are pressing up. Let it not 
be when the stranger or parson comes, “ my cat¬ 
tle ” or “ my horses,” but “ my son, sir.” 
Cambridge Valley,.N. Y., 1S59. II. K. F. 
» nn - j.-txTOmnnnr, asxx '-v 
Hural Spirit of % press. 
Culture of Carrots. 
It is not too late to try the following mode of 
cultivating the Carrot, as stated by an Illinois 
farmer in the Prairie Farmer: —“I have been very 
successful for the past two or three years in culti¬ 
vating the Carrot. As a root for cattle and horses 
I prefer it to any other. It is very prodvetive, 
yielding with us from five hundred to eight hund¬ 
red bushels to the acre. The whole process of 
cultivating is very simple and cheap, not costing 
more than six cents per bushel. To grow them 
successfully requires a deep, rich soil, such as 
would produce the best corn. When the ground 
is in good order, say about the middle of May, plow 
deep and narrow, leaving twelve or fifteen inches 
of fine mellow soil. I prefer leaving it in beds or 
lands twelve feet wide. When plowed, if the land 
is quite dry, pass over it with a roller fcefo re plant¬ 
ing. Plant in drills twenty inches apart. We use 
a line, mark with a hoe, cover half an inch deep, 
and press the soil by treading on the rows. The 
used of a seed drill would be much quicker, and 
probably better. With a hoe and line, two men 
will plant about an acre a day. Sow thick enough 
to insure a plant or two every inch. If all has been 
done well thus far, the young plants will make 
their appearance long before any weeds. As soon 
as the plants get large enough to show well, or 
before any weeds start, pass between the rows, 
hoeing the ground over lightly. Let.them remain 
a week or two longer, and pass up and down the 
rows with a narrow hoe striking out the plants, 
leaving the hills from four to six inches apart. A 
few days after the hoe thinning, and after a second 
hoeing of the spaces, probably the plants will be 
large enough to thin by hand. This is the most 
tedious part of the work, and will require some 
patience, but I think four or five men will thin an 
acre a day. One plant is all that should be left in 
a hill. After thinning, hoe frequently, as it is 
much easier to prevent weeds than to kill them.— 
If the fall is favorable, the roots will grow one-half 
after the middle of September, therefore the need 
of keeping them clean all through the season. 
“ Harvesting. —This is a short job and maybe 
done quite late. Take a sharp hoe, or what is bet¬ 
ter, a long Dutch shovel, commence next the deep 
furrow, shaving the tops from the first row into it, 
passing directly around the land. Follow with a 
plow, turning the soil from the roots on the tops 
which have been cut; now put the plow in deep 
and pass round the land again, turning the roots 
bottom up, draw them on one side with a potato- 
hook or hoe, plow two more furrows round and 
shave the tops off the next row, then plow the roots 
out and proceed as before. Two men and a team 
will plow them out as fast as two men and another 
team can haul them away. The seed we use is of 
the common yellow sort, never having tried the 
large white. The whole secret of success depends 
on having the land in first-rate order, and starting 
the plants without any weeds.” 
Hay Caps—Use arid. IIow IMade. 
A writer in the Country Gent, strongly ad¬ 
vises the use of hay caps, aud says:—“In July, 
1855, I had ten tuns of hay cut on four acres, by 
Mowing Machines. It was put up, and the second 
day covered with 200 covers. I weighed several 
of the cocks and they averaged 100 pounds. It 
rained nearly two days, and the quantity of water 
was two inches and four-tenths. On the third day 
at 10 o’clock, I began to draw it in, only the bottom 
being a little wet. This saved me one day opening 
and spreading, and in my opinion saved one-third 
of the value of the hay. My caps to cover a tun, 
cost $5, and the hay sold for $12 a tun, and this 
saving was from three days’ use of the hay caps.— 
IIow much hay is injured by being wet is a matter 
we cannot speak of with entire certainty, but I had 
rather keep even the dew off of mine.” 
An exchange says the manner of making hay 
caps is as follows:—Purchase a piece of brown 
cotton, a yard aud a quarter or half wide, stretch it 
in pleasant weather along a board fence, and apply 
a coat of linseed oil, with a paint brush, mixed 
with about one-quarter its bulk of spirits of turpen¬ 
tine, well stirred in while both are warm. Let the 
cloth hang till dry, and it will be ready for use. 
Another, and perhaps a better way, is to mix two 
pounds of beeswax, a quart of Japan varnish, and 
a gallon of linseed oil together. Then apply with 
a brush while moderately warm. When the cloth 
is dry cut it iuto squares, then have an eyelet hole 
worked in each corner, to admit small wooden pins, 
which are to be used to fasten tbe cup=> <■« ii<iy. 
Some people sow up small stones in bags, and at¬ 
tach them to the corners of the < ' n P H » which keep 
tnem m posiuuu \>j their weight- These weights 
would be'much handier if attached to strong wire 
hooks and kept separate from the caps, and bung 
on as the caps are used. But cast-iron weights, 
with hooks attached, would be still better, if paint¬ 
ed to prevent rusting. 
IVot too Late to 3?lant Com. 
The June number of the Am. Agriculturist 
has these timely suggestions:—“It is by no means 
too late to plant corn during the first week in June. 
Some good farmers purposely delay their principal 
corn planting until the last of May or first of June. 
Their experience has taught them that, as a gene¬ 
ral rule, corn planted June 1st is as forward by the 
end of July, as that planted May 10th. They say, 
that when planted late, the ground is warm aud 
quickly germinates the seed, and starts it at once 
into vigorous growth, and that it will soon over¬ 
take and go ahead of the early planted. They also 
argue that one hoeing is saved by the late working 
of the soil previous to planting, as a large number 
of weeds which have started, are then killed. This 
year it is safe to act upon this theory, where there 
is a spare plot that may be used. The quick grow¬ 
ing varieties, like the King Philip, are most desira¬ 
ble for late planting, and for filling up vacant spots 
in that already above the ground. Of course, it 
will not do to mix in the different varieties where 
pure seed is to be gathered.” 
Mowing Machines, <Scc. 
“Essex” writes to the JV. E. Farmer in this 
wise:—“ I am frequently asked what kind of Mow¬ 
ing Machine had I better obtain for the cutting of 
the grass on a farm of about one hundred acres— 
fifteen of which are upland mowing? A Mower 
moved by one horse should be sufficient for such a 
farm; though if two or more adjoining farmers 
could unite in purchasing a machine to be moved 
by two horses, the work would be better done. The 
best way you can fix it, it requires power, and con¬ 
siderable of it, to carry through a swarth three and 
a half or four feet wide, where there is a burden of 
grass of two tuns to the acre; and no enterprising 
farmer should remain satisfied with a crop less 
than this, on land of fair quality. I know that the 
average product, throughout the State, is less than 
one tun to the acre; but this does not prove that it 
ought not to be two tuns; it only proves that the 
present state of culture is far below what it ought 
to be. So many have practiced skinning their land, 
by running the plow only four or five inches deep, 
and scrimping it by dealing out their manure with 
a small shovel—that the small crop mentioned is 
the consequence.” 
3Fa.il Plowing for Hoots. 
John Howatt, of Kentucky, says that in Great 
Britain, the plowing of land iu the fall, that it may 
thus be exposed to the action of the frosts and of 
the atmosphere, is considered as good as seven tuns 
of additional manure in the growth of turnip and 
carrot crops. If that be so in the old country, it 
must be much more so here, where the winter is 
longer and the frosts are more severe aud penetrate 
more deeply iuto the soil.— Ex, 
^Igrtnilhirnl Jllisctllnnj, 
Tiif. Crop Prospects continue favorable in this region. 
Our information is that wheat appears unusually prom, 
ising, while other crops arc progressing fine'y, wuli t| 10 
prospect of an abundant yield. The heavy rains aud 
cool weather of ihe past week have proved favorable 
for grass, which is reported light. The “chill” has of 
course checked the growth of corn, but caused no ma¬ 
terial injury. Reports from the West, and other sections 
continue favorable, though adverse accounts reach us 
from some localities. 
Give tiif. Prices.—As we have hitherto sngirested, jf 
advertisers woukl give the prices of lands, implements 
&n., offered for sale, it woutd save the time and trouble 
of writing many letters, and thus greatly facilitate trade. 
We are in frequent receipt of letters inquiring the price 
of artie'es advertised in the Rural, and are often nnable 
to answer; such inquiries should always be addressed 
to the advertisers. The best way is for advertisers to 
state prices whenever practicable. 
IIow to Get Patent Reports, <fcc.— A correspondent 
wishes to know how he can procure the Patent Ofllco 
Reports and the Transactions of our State Ag. Society. 
The best way to obtain the former is to apply to the M. 
O. of Ins District, (or to some aspiring M. C. or office¬ 
holder at Washington.) As to the Transactions, our 
members of the Legislature are usua'ly pretty well 
supplied wi'h the volumes issued during their term. 
We cannot say where back sets of cither Patent Reports 
or Transactions can be purchased, though they are 
occasionally obtainable at $1 per volume. 
High Prices for Horses —Rochester and Monroe 
County have long been celebrated for producing supe¬ 
rior horses. Many fine specimens of the cqine race are 
aunuafly sold here, for fancy and “ fast” service in New 
York city and elsewhere. Within a few days threo 
Monroe Co. horses have been sold, separately, (as single 
horses,) at high figures. One of these was sold by 
Morgan L. King, formerly of this county, but now of 
New York, for $1,800; one by lion. E. I>. Holmes, of 
Brockport, for $1,000, and another by Aid. Bp.adstrekt, 
of this city, at the same price. Of course each of these 
horses combined style and speed in au eminent degree. 
Drainage in France.— Within a year past consider¬ 
able tracts of land have been systematically drained in 
the vicinity of Paris. In the Arrondissementof Corbcil, 
for instance, $5S.OOO have been expended in drainage. 
The total amount of land drained in the Department of 
Seine-et-Oise is 5,000 acres by 224 land-holders,at an aver- 
agecostof$27 per acre. The product of this land has been 
increased by $9 an acre. The yield of wheat has been 
augmented from 19 to 2G bushels per acre, and of oats 
from 28 to 40. A writer expresses the hope that before 
many years draining and irrigation may be carried to 
such an extent as to free France, in a great degree, 
from the ruinous inundations to which many portions of 
the country are now subject. 
Michigan State Ag. Societt.— The next Fair of this 
Society is to be held at Detroit, Oct. 4th to 9th inclusive. 
The premiums offered in tire various classes of Live 
Stock are quite liberal, and the rules and regulations 
comprise porper explanations and restrictions — the 
whole having been thoroughtly revised by tire present 
Executive Committee. Among other new features wo 
observe that no animal is barred from competition on 
account of having taken a first premium atany previous 
Fair, and that two new classes have been added ia the 
“-i' , • - ""e “ Black Hawks and Aio"""— 
and the other “Horses i-uruy Anoiuugiibred.” So far 
ns we have examined it we consider the list a decided 
improvement upon its predecessors. The premiums 
are open to cqpipetitors from any part of the World. 
The Southern Cultivator.— The June number of 
this leading Agricultural Journal of the South, contains 
the valedictory of Dr. Daniel Lee, formerly of this 
city, who has been one of its editors for several years. 
The Dr. says the Cultivator has “ so many warm friends 
and contributors that it can well spare the aid of my 
[his] editorial pen ”—and the proprietor adds, “ wo can 
confidently promise a more practical and progres¬ 
sive Agricultural monthly than wo have heretofore 
furnished.” We are inclined to subscribe to the truth¬ 
fulness of both these statements, though the latter is 
not especially complimentary to our retiring friend, the 
Doctor. D. Rf.dmond, Esq., who has been the principal 
conductor of tbe Cultivator for some years, becomes 
sole editor, under whose control we have no doubt its 
high reputation will be fully maintained. Published 
at Augusta, Ca., by W.m. S. Jones, at $1 per annum. 
Market Fairs.— At a meeting of the Mass. Board of 
Agriculture, some time ago, it was “ Voted, That this 
Board recognizes the great importance of establishing 
frequent Markets or Fairs for the Sale of Agricultural 
Products.” Also, “ That the subject be brought before 
the County Ag. Societies, with the request that they 
will take early steps for the establishment of Markets 
within their respective districts.” Since this action 
Market Fairs have been held in several districts, and 
resulted quite satisfactorily, so far as we can judge from 
the reports published. Speaking of the Market Fair 
at No. Andover (19th ult.,) a writer in the A r . E. Farmer 
says—“The gathering was large, the animals presented 
of superior character, and trading brisk and satisfac¬ 
tory. So well satisfied were the Trustees that they 
determined to hold another at Georgetown, Juno 21st. 
I was pleased to see on the ground a mower, to be 
moved by one horse ; and wheels for guiding tbe plow 
without hands; and corn cultivators, said to do the 
needful, without disturbing the roots of the plants. I 
have entire confidence that market fairs are to bo one 
of our ‘ Yankee Notions.’ ” 
Wool Growing in California.— The climate and 
pasturage of California are well adapted to wool grow¬ 
ing, and a large area of the State can be most profitably 
employed in that direction. Considerable attention is 
being given to the business. An instance is mentioned 
of a gentleman who five years ago bought 800 ewes for 
$7,500—from which investment lie bus sold sheep and 
wool to the amount of over $70,000, and now has a flock 
worth over $40,000. A late issue of the San Francisco 
Price Current, in an article speaking of the pioneer 
sheep ranch of Monterey county—the San Juste, owned 
by Messrs. Flint, Bixby & Co.—says“ On this ranch 
there arc now 24,000 sheep, young and old, of which 
about 2,000 arc pure Merino. This season ono flock of 
1,900 ewes have produced 2,300 lambs. Another of 
1,100 ewes, 1,400 lambs. All the lambs are from one- 
fourth to three-fourths Merino. The original stock were 
driven to California across the plains, and of course 
are superior to the Mexican sheep. The wool grown at 
San Juste last year, amounting to upwards of 70,000 
lbs., was lately sold in Boston (returns received by last 
mail,) at an average of 30c. per lb., which is equivalent 
to 45e. for the same quality of washed wool. U' ld * r 
constant efforts to improve stock, tlio wool will grow 
better each year.” 
Monroe Co. IIorsr Snow.—The complete Premium 
List, Regulations, &c., for this exhibition will be found 
on our seventh page. 
