LETTEBS FEOM A HUNGARIAN. 
NUMBER EIGHT. 
Hungarian Melodies and Dances — Departure for 
Vienna — Beeping “ to the Left ” — Peculiar way of 
Sprinkling the Streets — General Description of the 
City — Cathedral of St. Stephen — Strange Num¬ 
bering of Houses—Peculiar Thoroughfares — Po¬ 
liteness of the Viennese—Theatre and the Opera 
Crowded. 
Dear Friend Moore: —Though I spent only two 
months in my fatherland, and within that time made 
but few excursions into the rural sceneries of 
Hungary, yet my notes on the Hungarian Life and 
Customs have swelled to such an extent that it 
would be matter of no great difficulty to weave them 
into a series of two or three letters more. Hut I 
am afraid that my poor skill in the art of weaving 
might produce but an ordinary home-spun texture, 
not possessing attraction enough to be displayed 
in the graceful columns of the worthy Rural. I 
will therefore weary your readers with but one par¬ 
agraph more about the genuine Magyars, and then 
hasten to the Capital of Austria— Vienna. 
In the evening, when the Hungarian peasant has 
done with his task in the field or vineyard, he be¬ 
takes himself with his comrades to the village inn, 
where, with the wine-cup in his hand, he chats on 
the works and incidents of the day, and not unfre- 
quently (when no police or gens d'armes are around) 
about politics. Occasionally two or more musi¬ 
cians of that homeless people—the swarthy Gipsies 
— make their appearance and take up their position 
in a corner of the room. They strike up a tune on 
their fiddles and symbals. The first gentle, melan¬ 
choly tones with which the national melodies of the 
Magyars begin, have scarcely vibrated on the air, 
when the young swain, who had thus far lain list¬ 
less on the bench, rises, and as the notes rise higher 
and higher, his eye sparkles and his body begins 
to keep time with the music. He steps up to the 
Gipsies, tells them what air to play by singing the 
first verse of the song himself, (the dancing melo¬ 
dies are, at the same time, the national songs of 
the Hungarians.) And when the tender strains of 
the adagio gradually pass over into a more rapid 
time, his movements grow quicker too. He takes 
hold of the beautiful country lass, and the dance 
becomes more and more general, assuming the 
glow of passion. Suddenly, in the midst of the 
dance, the music comes to a violent stand-still; the 
dancing couple remain immovable, as if some 
higher power held their passion in fetters. Then 
the music begins again in a sad, plaintive strain. 
The female partner slips out of the arms of the 
rural swain as if she feared to betray her feelings: 
by many a graceful turn she escapes the arm that 
would embrace her again, and the two dance sepa¬ 
rately. The dancer, as it were, relates his pain, 
his love. Ilis motions follow the melancholy tones; 
gradually he approaches the hesitating girl,—and, 
when the slow adagio lapses into the boisterous 
allegro, his arm has seized her again, and, as if sub¬ 
dued by passion, they whirl about with nimble feet 
and glowing faces. 
Such is the passionate love of the Hungarian to 
dance. He can hardly listen to a national melody 
of his country without leaping up and moving his 
limbs accordingly. The melody itself is as peculiar 
as the dance, which may be described as a mimic 
representation of ideas or emotions. The music 
being the melody of certain national songs, the 
corresponding dance resembles a conversation be¬ 
tween the dancer and his partner; it is a myste¬ 
rious talk—a confession of his emotions — a disclo¬ 
sure of his moved heart. This is the peculiar 
character of that most popular Magyar dance—the 
Csardas, (pronounced tshardash.) There is no rule 
by which it may be taught — as is the case with 
the language of passion — and, hence, none but a 
real Hungarian will ever dance it as it should be, 
without rendering it a confused, meaningless pell- 
mell. [I have since seen this very dance performed 
by the excellent ballet-dancers of Berlin; but — 
“ bless me, ” said a Hungarian, who happened to 
be with me on that occasion—“bless me, if my 
countrymen and women do not make it better.”] 
And now, gentle reader, will you embark with 
me for Vienna? I say embark —for I am still in the 
town of Grati, on the Danube; and though we 
might in less than one-third of the time reach the 
Austrian Capital by railroad, let us prefer the 
steamboat, as the slowness of the passage (the 
boat going up stream,) will be amply repaid by the 
ease and quiet of the journey, and, what is better, 
the far more romantic scenery along the Danubian 
shores. It will lead you by the almost invincible 
fortress of Comarn which played so noble a part in 
the late revolution, that it surrendered only after a 
capitulation permitting its Governor (Ujhazy) and 
friends to seek a refuge in the “ Land of the Free” 
across the Atlantic; it will show you Pressburg, once 
the Capital of Hungary, with its lofty hill on which 
the magnificent ruins of the royal castle (destroyed 
in a conflagration, 1811,) tell you of the many 
Hungarian Kings who were crowned here since 
the sixteenth century, and who, after the corona¬ 
tion, would deal four strokes towards the four car¬ 
dinal points of heaven, signifying that they would 
protect the land on all sides; it will carry you 
along many other objects of interest too numerous 
to mention here. Besides, it being just after har¬ 
vest, you will see the river studded here and there 
by numerous flour-mills, whose mighty wheels are 
driven by the downward course of the stream. [In 
the winter, when the Danube freezes, these floating 
mills are drawn on shore.] 
At length, after passing under several suspen¬ 
sion bridges connecting the city with its suburbs, 
we are in the very heart of Vienna, and the very 
first thing that attracts my attention, as the hack 
carries me to one of the hotels in the city, is the 
! n °tice, “ llier uiird linksgefahren," signifying that 
vehicles should keep to the left . I had always been 
taught to keep to the right when riding, (and such, 
I believe, is the custom almost everywhere;) it, 
therefore, appeared rather strange to me why they 
don’t keep to the right here. But I satisfied my¬ 
self (poor satisfaction that,) with the thought that 
there are a great many other things not taking the 
right course in Vienna, (and Austria generally,) 
and so my driver hurried me along “ over the left” 
path, which, however, in this case, did not lead to 
destruction, as the streets arc mostly very nairow. 
Riding in and about Vienna, is, in fact, very pleas¬ 
ant, as the streets are all paved with smooth stones 
like Broadway in New York. 
The peculiar method of sprinkling the streets 
was another thing that at once excited my obser¬ 
vation. Every sprinkling wagon requires two men, 
the driver, who simply guides the horses, and the 
sprinkler proper. The latter, with his pantaloons 
rolled up to his knees, follows the wagon on foot, 
wagging right and left a gutta-percha hose, through 
which the water in the wagon is conducted. When 
I at first saw this method, it presented a very ludi¬ 
crous spectacle to me; for, the sprinkling wagon 
itself not yet being in sight, I thought the man ivas 
pulling the caudal appendage of some beast, while 
he, himself, seemed to be pulled along by the latter. 
After having duly arranged my effects at the 
hotel, and, in accordance with the municipal regu¬ 
lation, delivered my passport to the host, I took 
advantage of the clear, bright sunshine, and walked 
abroad through the streets of the Capital. The 
city proper is only a leTgue in circumference, sur¬ 
rounded by a wall, which is now, however, being 
in part demolished to make room for new edifices 
and forts. Yet within this small circuit about GO,- 
000 inhabitants manage to breathe. Many of the 
streets are, in fact, so narrow, that two persons, 
standing in two houses opposite each other, might 
shake hands by putting them out of their respective 
windows. Besides, the height of the houses, many 
of which are from six to seven stories high, renders 
it physically impossible for sunshine to penetrate 
the lower stories. But by far the greater part of 
the population of Vienna, which is a little above 
half a million, live in the suburbs, (of which there 
are thirty-four,) outside of the city wall, the largest 
and most beautiful of which is the Leopold-stradt, 
which is separated from the city proper by the 
Danube. The beauty and grandeur of Vienna, 
however, are concentrated within the walls. Here 
is the imperial palace with its vast royal library 
and treasury; its collection of coins and antiquities, 
Zoological, Mineralogical, Botanical and Astro¬ 
nomical Museum; the University with its valuable 
collections; the most beautiful churches, theatres 
and mercantile edifices,— in short, the life of Vi¬ 
enna. Of the palaces, of which Vienna counts over 
a hundred, (such is the number of dukes, and 
princes, and counts,) none are distinguished for 
architectural beauty, though grand and massive 
in appearance. Berlin, in this respect, far excels 
the Capital of Austria. But the chwches, reared 
by Catholic wealth—or rather by the onerous taxes 
of the masses—are truly magnificent, and even 
sublime; the most costly and beautiful of which is 
the Cathedral of St. Stephen. This church alone 
is worth a visit to Vienna. It is open from sunrise 
to sunset; and, occupying an entire square in the 
heart of the city, it serves not only the wants of the 
pious, but also the convenience of the hurrying 
pusscr-by—since, by going through the church, 
instead of going round it, a good deal of time is 
saved in going from one part of the city to another. 
Do not expect from me, kind reader, a description 
of this vast Gothic structure with its magnificent 
decorations — that would require a pretty thick 
pamphlet. But if you should ever visit this impe¬ 
rial residence, do not fajl to ascend the lofty, pyra- 
mid-likc, world-renowned steeple of St. Stephen, 
from which you will enjoy a most wonderful pros¬ 
pect extending to some of the hills of Hungary. 
In walking through the streets, I noticed another 
strange peculiarity, viz :—the numbers on some of 
the houses—many of them displaying a number 
which is apt to mislead, if not utterly confound, the 
uninitiated. Thus, I observed the figures 1080 in 
a street which I am sure does not contain above 200 
houses. And what is worse than all, the houses 
are often numbered at hap-hazard, so that in look¬ 
ing for any particular number — say 76 —you will 
be not a little surprised to find it between such 
numbers as 960 ana 1170. 
Another peculiarity of Vienna, are the many 
thoroughfares leading through houses, from one 
street to another; bv means of which the pedes¬ 
trian saves many a long circuitous way. To the 
stranger these often appear as merely private yards; 
and fearing to be led ustray by them, he prefers to 
take the longer route, as I have myself sometimes 
done. But when the shortest way is most prac¬ 
ticable, do not hesitate to ask the next gentleman 
you meet. The Viennese, to their honor be it said, 
are so polite, that, if they pass by ever so rapidly, 
they will stop to answer your questions, ana with 
hand and tongue will give you full directions — 
nay, even go with you back to the next corner, 
that you might the better acquaint yourself, and 
when you express your thanks will reply with that 
civil phrase, so glibly uttered by most every Aus¬ 
trian— “unterthanigsterdiener (“your most hum¬ 
ble servant.”) So much for politeness in showing 
you through the crooked, irregular streets of the 
city. 
Going into one of the numerous coffee saloons, 
(which are similar to those in Pesth, and of which 
I have in a former letter given a description,) I 
took up the Viennese Gazette, and observed that at 
the royal opera-house “the Jewess” (music by 
IIalevy) would be represented. The principal 
character of the piece (Reciia, the Jewess,) was to 
be given byMTle Csillag,w1io is herself a Hunga¬ 
rian Jewess, and is the prima donna at Vienna.— 
Now, thought I, here is a Jewish subject, the music 
by a Jewish composist, the heroine herself is to be 
represented by one of her own faith, and—you are 
yourself a son of Abrauam —how can you, under so 
many coincident circumstances, refrain from going? 
And so I did go—but oh, wliat a crowd was there 
at the door before it was opened! And what a 
rush, when it was opened! and how they squeezed 
one another to the ticket office, and jammed their 
hats and tore their coats! I thought that the 
music can be heard as well in any part of the house, 
so I kept aloof from the boisterous mass, waiting 
till my turn. But though there were two ticket 
offices and many had already procured their tickets 
during the day, I had to wait full ten minutes be¬ 
fore I could, without danger of being squeezed too 
hard, extend my hand to the ticket-hole. But, 
imagine mj amazement, when the ticket officer 
asked me if I wished a standing-place, — there was 
no seat to be had in the parquette, nor first, nor 
second, nor third gallery! Such is the passion for 
operas in Vienna. But the crowds, I am told, are 
none the less great at the other nine theatres of the 
city, to eay nothing of the masses resorting to 
the numerous concerts and other places of amuse¬ 
ment. Well, I got in, satisfied with a convenient 
standing-place, and enjoyed the musical represen¬ 
tation none the less. Any critical remarks on the 
performance itself would be of little interest to 
readers so far from the scene of action; I will only 
say that the singing was excellent and exercised a 
most beneficial influence on the heart, and close 
with the wish that similar operas might grow more 
general in America than the merely comical per¬ 
formances on the American stage. 
Yours, Simon Tuska. 
B^ROIST VON HUMBOLDT. 
ff A great man has passed from earth. On the 6th 
of May, Alexander Von Humboldt died at Berlin, 
Prussia, aged nearly ninety years. In after ages, 
when many who are now thought great shall have 
been forgotton, and others are remembered only to 
be despised, the name of Humboldt, shall stand 
forth in characters of living light, the admiration 
of the old and the young, the illiterate as well as 
the learned, ne was great—his reputation world¬ 
wide—he belonged to nation, no country—no con¬ 
tinent could claim him. He was truly a citizen of 
the world, and every man is proud to own him as 
a brother-man. He was great, but his greatness 
was not founded on family distinctions or national 
honor—princes and kings delighted to become his 
friends—yet he received from the association no 
honor—kings could add no lustre to his name— 
crowns could not adorn his brow. It is such an 
example as this that we delight to set before our 
youth, who are prone to think too highly of renown 
gained through blood and tears and woe—and the 
honors conferred by paltry office. 
Humboldt, as has been truly said by another, 
was a benefactor to the human race, and his career 
is a noble example of a long life well spent in se¬ 
vere physical and mental t^il, whereby the sphere 
of man’s information has been greatly extended 
and enriched. His memory was prodigious, his 
intellect active and acute, ami his taste exquisite; 
and over everything which Jne wrote '.he threw the 
charm of a genial disposil. : Jl!u ,i nid agenerous heart. 
For the past fifty years he has been the Nestor of 
Science, and has gone down to the grave bearing 
the esteem of all men, and “ laden with wealth 
and honors nobly won.” 
He was born at Berlin on September 14, 1769 ; 
his father was a soldier of distinction and a man 
of wealth. Left fatherless at the age of ten, Fred- 
rich Heinrich Alexander—this was his name—was 
carefully educated by judicious relatives, and spent 
a creditable career at the universities of Berlin 
and Gottingen. His taste for scientic pursuits led 
him to devote especial attention to geology and 
mineralogy. His university studies were varied by 
excursions to the Harz Mountains, and to the vi¬ 
cinity of the Rhine, which occasioned the first 
fruits of his literary labors, in a work entitled, 
“ The Basalt on the Rhine” in 1790. 
Ilis fame as a mineralogist was early established, 
and at twenty-three years of age, he was appoint¬ 
ed to the important government post of Superin¬ 
tendent of Mines in Franconia. Having felt a 
strong desire to visit distant lands, he soon re¬ 
signed this situation, and sold a large estate to fur¬ 
nish means for traveling in America. After many 
disappointments, he was at last enabled to visit 
the New World under the patronage of the Spanish 
government, and in 1799 commenced to explore 
the great valley of the Orinoco. During the five 
years he was a traveler on our continent, he vis¬ 
ited the sources of the Amazon, climbed the snow¬ 
capped peaks of the Andes, and under a burning 
sun traversed vast plains, pestilential swamps, and 
barren deserts where the foot of white man had 
never trod before. 
It affords us much pleasure to state that Baron 
Von Humboldt included a portion of our own 
country within his extended American tour. He 
visited Philadelphia, Washington, and our princi¬ 
pal seaboard cities, and was personally known to 
some of our distinguished men, and was treated 
with distinguished attention by President Jeffer¬ 
son. He quitted this country in 1S04, and returned 
to his native land. Our institutions made a most 
favorable impression upon his mind, and he ever 
afterwards retained a pleasant recollection of our 
people. Ilis published accounts of these travels, 
attracted the attention of the whole civilized world. 
The field was fresh, the power of the author’s de¬ 
scription was vivid; they were filled with thrilling 
incident, and contained a mass of new geographi¬ 
cal, botanical, and mineralogical information of 
the most interesting character. His fame was at 
once established by their publication, and honors 
poured in upon him from the scientific associations 
of all lands. They were printed in seventeen large 
volumes, richly illustrated with figures of the sub¬ 
jects described. They embraced geography, zoolo¬ 
gy, botany, mineralogy, the natural history of 
animals, astronomy, geology, climatology, in short, 
every branch of science. Some idea of the value 
of his American harvest may be gathered from the 
fact that his published account of his travels in 
South America and Mexico comprises seventeen 
volumes folio, and eleven volumes quarto, and 
costs $2,000 a copy. It took him twelve years to 
write. So varied and profound were his attain¬ 
ments, it was at once felt that he stood out in bold 
relief as the most accomplished traveler that ever 
lived. 
Of late years, the name of Humboldt was made 
more widely known by his “ Cosmos,” a work 
written during the long and pleasant twilight of 
his life, in which he considers (and in this view he 
is right) all created things as linked together form¬ 
ing one uniform whole, and affording evidence of 
one great creative mind as the author *f the visi¬ 
ble creation. This work has been translated into 
several languages—our own among the number— 
and is replete with curious, varied and profound 
information. 
With the King of Prussia he lived on terms of 
almost brotherly intimacy; and though his politi¬ 
cal opinions were much too liberal for his sovereign 
—he was, in fact, a thorough republican—he rep¬ 
resented Prussia faithfully and honorably on sev¬ 
eral momentous occasions. The crisis of 1848 is 
said to have led to some decided expression of his 
liberal views, and for a time to have estranged 
him from his royal friend; but the separation was 
brief—the King was a very good man at bottom, 
and meant well—he could not live without Hum¬ 
boldt, who, for his part, was so much engrossed 
with scientific concerns as to be rarely anxious 
about politics. 
The Prussians were so proud of him, and so fear¬ 
ful of losing him—strong inducements were held 
out to him to settle in France—that he was made 
a councilor of State, and given to understand that 
no favor would be too great for him to ask. He 
had no political ambition, however, and was happy 
in being able to prosecute his studies. After his 
Survey of the Prussiau-Asiatic possessions, Nich¬ 
olas would gladly have retained him in Russia, but 
Humboldt was too inflexibly attached to his native 
land. 
Humboldt was ever at work, always in pursuit 
of knowledge and this he was willing to gain from 
sources apparently the most forbidding. He con¬ 
sidered every man able to add a little to the stock 
of human knowledge. Every man was for him a 
teacher of something; every object a theme for 
study; every event a new problem solved, to be 
stored away in the proper shelf in his capacious 
mind. Tuckerman says of him :—“ If delayed by 
the events of war from embarking on his Ameri¬ 
can expedition, he occupied himself in ascertain¬ 
ing the height of the central plains of Castile; 
when becalmed on soundings, he examined the 
’weeds collected on the lead to gain new light for 
the theory of the coloring of plants; the haze that 
for many hours concealed from his sight the Peak 
of Teneriffe induced ingenious speculations on the 
effects of atmosphere on vision.” Our country¬ 
man, Mr. Squier, who visited him at Berlin, 
thought, after a few hours in his company, that 
the rapacious savant had pumped him dry about 
Central America; but he was mistaken, for, before 
his departure, an urgent note reached him from 
Humboldt imploring him to say whether the potato 
disease had ever existed in Nicaragua! 
Between Americans and Humboldt there always 
existed a strong bond of sympathy. His early 
travels; his republican opinions, and his intimacy 
with some.of our greatest men, always led him to 
feel a strong affection for the United States, and 
to show to American travelers more attention than 
to foreigners generally. It is not enough to say 
that his regard was reciprocated by the American 
people. No foreigner enjoyed such general vener¬ 
ation in this country as Baron Humboldt. The 
proposal which was made to leave the Oregon dis¬ 
pute to his arbitration was one of the many evi¬ 
dences of the unexampled esteem in which he was 
held on this side the water. 
Mind and Body. —The necessary connection of 
the condition of the body and of the mind is mat¬ 
ter of universal and constant experience. Mental 
influences affect the physical health ; and the state 
of the body, on the other hand, exerts powerful ef¬ 
fect on the mind. In treating of health, it is there¬ 
fore necessary to consider the management of the 
thoughts and passions. In some diseases physical 
and mental disorders are so complicated and blend¬ 
ed together, that it is impossible to tell in which 
the derangement had its origin. Even when the 
disturbance does not go to the length of disease, 
the mutual influence of the mind and the body 
may play an important part in the question of 
health. The body is constantly acted on through 
the mind, and this way of reaching and influencing 
the corporeal health deserves more attention than 
it usually receives. 
High Notions.—U nder this heading a young 
correspondent sends us the following article, in 
which he stoutly maintains the honorable nature 
of the farmer’s calling, and handles those pretty 
severely who are disposed to think it otherwise. 
“ I had rather live in the village, on potatoes, 
than live here where Mr.-does, buried up in 
country,” said a dashing young man. 
The gentleman spoken of was a thrifty farmer, 
and a well educated man. He had a neat cottage 
situated on one of our main roads, and everything 
around him bore the marks of industry, neatness, 
and comfort. Enjoyment always supped with him 
and sat at the open gate. Do you suppose that 
this young man ever thought, as he sat down to 
the well tilled table, that he was indebted to the 
farmer for that nice white bread, and those beauti¬ 
ful Peach Blows, or Mercers, just ready to pop 
open, and that delicious cut of steak? Did he 
ever think that he was dependent on the farmer 
for that glossy coat of black, and those rich Cassi- 
mere pantaloons? I am not a farmer, but my 
whole heart goes out to those bronzed faces and 
toil worn men of our land, and many has been the 
time that I would have gladly exchanged the cares 
and petty strifes of business for the more queit 
and pastoral cares of the farmer. It is true, that 
he must encounter storms, but Nature’s storms are 
not often like our commercial oones. If the young 
men of to-day all thought as this young man does, 
these smiling fields would soon become a howling 
wilderness. 
Young Ruralists, if you are tired of home and 
its comforts, and are longing for a town or city 
life, I would advise you to turn back and take hol'd 
of the plow handle with a firmer grasp and labor 
and study, and wait for destiny to shape your 
course. You will be wanted! All steady and 
active young men will be wanted! The road to 
distinction is as easy from the furrow as from the 
counting house or professional chair. 
Spencer, Tioga Co., N. Y. Chips. 
Our correspondent should remember that though 
the farmer raises the wool, without which, of 
course the cloth could not be made, yet it is the 
skill acquired by the manufacturer that makes it 
so beautiful, and he is assisted by the inventor and 
the machinist, who make the machinery by which 
it is so well and cheaply done. One trade is de¬ 
pendent on the other, and the head might as well 
quarrel with the body, or the feet with the hands, 
about the position of honor, as one trade with an¬ 
other. Every useful occupation is honorable. 
Another is determined to obtain a collegiate 
course of education, if he can do so by means of 
hard labor. This is right. A good education, if 
rightly used, is a great blessing; but by bad use 
it is often made a curse to its possessor and the 
world. A young man who has his eyes open, and 
keeps his “thinking cap” on, however, will not 
die ignorant, even should he never enter a college. 
Opportunities for improvement are plenty, and a 
thirst for knowledge is sure to be gratified. But 
W. S. we think is a little too fast in calling all 
“ old fogies" who do not think he is pursuing the 
wisest course. But, here is the letter: 
Mr. Editor :—Your subscribers and correspond¬ 
ents often inquire through the columns of your 
valuable paper for information in regard to dis¬ 
eases, their cures, &c. I would like to inquire 
relative to a certain disease with which the folks 
in these parts think I am afflicted, and which if I 
do not rid myself of soon will prove my ruin. It 
gives me a very strong desire to read newspapers 
and books, and of late has given me a strong de¬ 
sire to take a college course and educate myself 
for a profession. This I will have to accomplish 
by my own means and hard labor, and without 
any assistance but plenty of opposition from the 
old fogies, who talk of nothing but the imperfec¬ 
tions of human nature, because all will not dig in 
the dirt for a living. They think a young man 
foolish to spend money for newspapers, books, and 
everything which tends to lead man into a more 
useful sphere of action. w. s. 
Niagara Co., N. Y., May IS, 1S59. 
A Young Lawyer. —Here is a letter from a very 
young gentleman, as the writing plainly shows: 
Messrs. Editors: —I think I have got to be old 
enough to write a few lines for your paper, and in 
the first place I will tell you what I think of farm¬ 
ing. It is in my mind a real dog’s life, and I take 
no delight in it, for it is work all the time, and I am 
sure there is no use of killing yourself by work. It 
is well enough to work part of the time, — in 
fact I love to work some, but there is no use in be¬ 
ing a slave all your life. For my part I mean to be 
a lawyer, and there can be no scaring me out of it, 
for I prefer studying and learning to farming or 
anything else.—H. S. C., Monroe Co., N. T., 1859. 
This is quite prompt for a little man. “All 
work and no play,” will make a dull boy and man, 
too. But no class of people have more leisure time 
than the farmer for reading, and as for study, no 
man can be a good farmer without constant study. 
As H. S. C. grows older, we have do doubt he will 
grow wiser, and things will seem different from what 
they now do. 
The Great Men op our Country. —A young 
friend, fourteen years old, sends us sketches of 
many of the great men of our country, with re¬ 
markable incidents in their lives, and closes by 
saying—“ America can boast of men and soldiers 
far superior to any born on European soil. True, 
Europe can boast of Napoleon, of a Cromwell, 
of a Queen Victoria, and many others, but she 
cannot boast of a Washington, or a Jefferson, 
or a Franklin, or a Taylor, or a Scott.” Modesty 
is a great virtue in an individual, and not less so 
in a nation, and it is not well to boast too much of 
our greatness, or of our great men. Of Washing¬ 
ton we have a right to be proud ; he was so trans- 
cendally great and good that all we can claim is 
acknowledged by the civilized world. His reputa¬ 
tion is world wide. So is that of Howard, the 
Philanthropist. Such characters belong to no 
i nation, but to humanity. 
Country and City Boys. —We have received 
i several articles on this matter, but they contain 
> nothing new or important to justify their publica- 
, tion. We have already given both sides, and the 
■ facts in the case are apparent. All are not good, 
f either in the city or country. Mean, dishonest, 
i vulgar men and boys are found everywhere, we 
; are sorry to say, and engaged in every calling.— 
i Let all Young Ruralists pity the bad and imitate 
the good. 
