RURAL l-1 F £ 
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wRilultlJSeJ! 
1 WHOLE NO. 501 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, 1859 
that this principle is seldom understood, and still 
more seldom allowed to govern ? 
The modillion, which is another style of visible 
cornice support, is, or seems to be, timbers project¬ 
ing through or from the wall. They are the best 
when made of solid timber, laid into the wall or 
fastened to the studding, the first few inches left 
full size, and the outer end tapered in some orna¬ 
mental shape, as shown in Fig. III. 
HOUSE BUILDING. - No. V. 
as largely as ever, only sooner or later to meet 
with beavy losses and bitter disappointments. 
Orleans Go., N. Y , July, 1859. ~ F. 
Remarks. — Hazing discussed the proposition 
whether wheat can again be successfully grown in 
this and other midge-infested sections, and perhaps 
leaned to the bright, hopeful side, we are s'ad to 
receive aDd publish arguments trom practical and 
experienced cultivators who take a different view 
of the subject. As no picture is perfect without 
both light and shade, so few questions can be prop¬ 
erly understood unless both sides are presented — 
and a full discussion, pro and cod, is ibe best way 
1 to arrive at just ano truthful conclusions. Our 
pressed fears that the wet weather will induce rot, : 
but of this we observe not the slightest sign. The 
tops never looked more healthy and vigorous, and 
we confidently anticipate an abundant crop of 
bealtbv tubers. Two, or even three weeks of dry 
weather would not result in injury. What would 
be the result of continued rains, of course we can¬ 
not say, but we see no cause for mournful fore¬ 
bodings. Thus far, all is well. 
Everything but the grass crop has given, or 
promises to give, an abundant harvest. On this 
point great camion will be necessary, or many of 
our farmers will find themselves unprepared for 
the coming winter. To purchase hay at present 
prices, or at the prices which will be likely to rule 
the coming winter, will be an unprofitable opera¬ 
tion. The profits ol a good wheat or cat crop may 
be rap'd'y dispersed in the purchase of feed for 
j cattle. Care in housing straw, stalks, and a'! 
coarse fodder is now more than ever necessary, 
and we notice many vacant spots oo almost every 
farm where, even at this late day, we would put in 
a little turnip seed. If the weather should con¬ 
tinue moist a fine crop may be secured, that will 
be a great help to the cattle and the farmer’s pocket 
in the winter. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL -WIXKLT 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED 3Y D. D. T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors. 
The durability of the side wails of a building 
always depends, to a certain exteot, upon the protec¬ 
tion they receiv e fr> >m the projection of the roof; and 
to support such pro jection is the chief practical office 
of the cornice, which is otherwise merely decora¬ 
tive. Ench of the several kinds of wood cornices 
hnowu by the names of bracket, modillion, box, 
drapery or verge-board, has its own way of per- 
foi ming this practical duiy. Unquestionably, the 
most bold and ornamental is the bracket, which is 
simp'y, in principle, a brace from the side of the 
building to toe outer end of the rafter, or a trian¬ 
gular piece of p'ank fastened to the side of the 
buildiDg, and which sustains the rest of the cornice. 
Two Dollars a Vcnr —41 for six months To Clubs 
and Asents as followsThree Copies one year, for 45; Six, 
and one free to club agent, for 410; Ten. and one free, for 
$16; Sixteen, and one free, for 422; Twenty, and one free, 
for 426; Thirty-two, and two free, for 440, (or Thirty for 
$.47.50.) and any greater number at same rate —only $1.25 
per copy — with an extra copy for every Ten Subscribers 
over Thirty. Club papers sent to different Post-offices, if de¬ 
sired. as we pre-pay American postage on papers sent to 
the British Provinces, our Canadian agents and friends must 
add 12K cents per copy to the club rates of the Rural.— 
The lowest price of oopies sent to Europe, &c., is only 42, - 
00—including postage. 
All communications, and business letters, should be 
jged to 1). D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y. 
Fig. 8.— Modillion Cornice. 
The box cornice, which is simply the covering 
up of a skeleton work with thin boards, in imita¬ 
tion of some Grecian or other model, is not as good 
as the others, as it does not admit of a projection 
sufficient to nrotect itself from a driving storm, to 
WHEAT GROWING—THE OTHER SIDE. 
Eds. Rural The opinion is getting to be very 
general among farmers that they can glow wheat 
again as well as ever. The assertion of a worthy 
farmer, a few days ago, that “ we can raise wheat 
as well now as we could twenty years ago—that 
•re might as woi »* > '■? rye—and r..e;;‘ 
there Jvus no good reasfon why we could not raise 
wbei'v’ is becoming tbA geneial opinion of a targe 
proportion of the farmers of this section. Last 
year what little wheat there was sown in this 
vicinity did very well. This induced farmers to 
sow more last full, which has made a heavy growth, 
and where not injured by the June frost is wed 
filled ; and now, wheat having escaped the midge 
two seasons, farmers think the insects have left, 
and that we have nothing more to fear from their 
ravages. 
But let us see if there is no other reason for this 
exemption from th-e midge. lias the season noth- 
THE SEASON AND CROPS. 
}’OR SC’. I- •weeks the weatJu^Las been warm, j 
with frequent, often heavy stiowers. Wheat, rye 
and barley has been harvested in good condition, 
for although the rains have been so frequent we 
have had enough of fair sunshine to enab'e the 
farmer to Becure these crops without injury.— 
Bright sunshine and clouds and rains have follow¬ 
ed each other in quick succession—the day wh ch 
commenced clear, with a prospect of a diy 
spell,” would meet with a change before noon, and 
the ruin descend with the greatest impetuosity, 
causing the farmer to conclude that all work for 
the day was over—but in an hour all would be 
bright, the moisture soon evaporated by the sun 
and wind, and work be resumed with increased I 
energy. We hear of no complaints of injury—no 
one even whispers of grown wheat. 
Oats, we perceive, are rapidly ripening, and the 
crop will be at least fair, while many fields that 
we have noticed in our travels will give more than 
an ordinary yield. The Bean is becoming a favor¬ 
ite crop in many sections, and it is not uncommon 
to see fields of ten or even twenty acres. When 
ripened early, so as to be secured before the fall 
rains, they are quite profitable, but they are easily 
injured, and few lots entirely escape that are har¬ 
vested during a wet time in the fall. Most farmers 
Fig. 1.—Bracket Cornice. 
Fig. I illustrates ODe of tho first kind, which 
answers a very good purpose for small buildings 
where the projection is from one and a halt to two 
feet. Such brackets may be made at the rate of 
from fifteen to twenty per day by a good mechanic, 
and used to a good advantage in renewing cor¬ 
nices on old buildings. One and one-fourth inch 
flooring laid on top of the brackets upside dowD, 
serves the double purpose of roof boards and soffit 
or plancher. 
Fig. 4.—Verge-Boards. 
The verge-board, or drapery, is a device for 
strengthening the gable cornice, and when used on 
small gables, or dormer windows, is very appropri¬ 
ate and can be made quite ornamental at a small 
expense. Fig. IV illustrates different patterns,— 
those at C. D. where the eaves are curved. Tois 
can be cheaply done where a cornice similar to the 
one shown in Fig. I is used—the upper part of the 
I bracket being cut to the proper curve. It is hardly 
possible to make a good looking cornice without a 
facia and crown moulding. For the latter a sim¬ 
ple quarter-round cove, or O. G., with fillets above 
and below is better than a compound moulding, as 
something that is bold and shows itself plainly is 
better than a combination of intricate work, too 
small to be seen without the aid of ladder or spy¬ 
glass. 
Eave-gutters may be made in the roof over the 
plate, in the cornice, or hung up under the ends of 
the shingles. The first is the best and cheapest, 
SEEDING TO GRASS. 
H. J. B., of Hector, N. Y., says,—“ I feel pretty 
well used up in the grass seed line.” He is evi¬ 
dently losing confidence. May I be permitted to 
say to him that I have confidence, although I feel 
a reluctance in presenting my mode, for it will be 
odd and unusual, and likely to receive more sneers 
and kicks than coppers. I have been a cultivator 
for eleven years, on a moderate scale—a novice in 
the beginning. The first two years I sowed Timo¬ 
thy in March, or first of April, on winter wheat. 
It proved pretty much a failure, and since then I 
several years we had very late, backward springs 
—that wheat was very late, not being ready to 
harvest until nearly or quite the first of August— 
and that in every one of these late seasons the 
midge has been very destructive—while the last 
and present seasons have been much earlier, so 
that wheat has been harvested some two or three 
weeks earlier than it had for several years before. 
Now, in my opinion, this explains the reason of 
the midge not troubling the wheat last and this 
year. 
It is some fifteen years since I moved from the 
eastern part of the State into this county. The 
midge bad been very destructive for some years 
before I left, so that I had some opportunity to see 
how they worked. On coming to this section I 
found the wheat crop several weeks earlier than it 
usually was at the east, so that I believed that the 
midge would never be very troublesome in West¬ 
ern New York, for that reason—although I could 
not altogether divest my mind of the fear that the ! 
same weather and season that was necessary to 
bring forward and perfect the wheat crop, might 
v»~ng out the midgo in season to destroy it. As 
le wore on and the midge began to appear in 
s section,-1 found that reasons were not want- 
r for both opinions. The midge first made its 
pcarance here in a few late heads, near the 
thick, sprinkle on strong brine of common salt, 
and with a common shovel work it over, add brine 
and work it till all is saturated; spread it to three 
or four inches depth, leave it for six or twelve 
hours, or any such time, then add a little more 
brine; then on a bushel of seed would mix from 
12 quarts to % bushel of plaster, putting on the 
plaster with a seive, a few quarts at a time, and 
shovel each parcel till the seed does not adhere in 
lumps. You then have nearly twice the bulk and 
about double the weight of your dry seed. All the 
time lost in preparing is doubly gained in sowing. | 
I sow it in the same manner that I do wheat, ex¬ 
cept in the width of cast; I go three times where 
I would twice with wheat, and sow it as evenly as 
wheat can be sown. 
In no instance do I sow over four quarts of 
timothy or clover ;o the acre. I would sow clover 
ABOUT HORSES. 
as it gives support to the entire soffit. The upper 
corner is pierced and the lower side cut away to 
make it light, yet not weak, and the curve, which 
should not exceed one-fourth of a circle, (or half 
a gothic arch,) appears very graceful, particularly 
when seen from a distance. The lower member or 
foot should terminate against the building, and not 
finish with a “quirk,” sled-runner fashion, as if it 
was designed to slide down the side of the build- 
in»-. A portion of the upper part of the brackets 
should run into the building and fasten to the studs, 
or bond timber, and the rest of the cornice be built 
upon them, instead of being suspended dangling 
from the soffit. It seems that that style of bracket 
j which not only looks as if it supported the projec¬ 
tion, but really does so, and gracefully, and which 
is susceptible of any degree of ornamentation, must 
be the type of the best bracket that can ever be 
invented ; and if so what can the conglomeration 
of curves, O. G.’s and fillets, hollows, rounds and 
beads, loaded down with drops, balls and pendants, 
devised by American architects and Yankee “in¬ 
ventive genius,” and pinned up under their cor¬ 
nices with acorn stems, be but absurdities, giving 
substantial (or •unsubstantial, rather,) evidence 
jrranean. At the same time the seasons were 
radually growing later and later, until about the 
ime the midge was the worst their backwardness 
ras the subject of general comment by all classes, 
.’hen also I noticed that as the insects increased in 
lumbers they made their appearance earlier in the 
leason each year, until only by sowing early varie¬ 
ties and having forward seasons, can we reasonably 
expect to escape tbeir ravages. 
Another thing I have noticed is, that the midge, 
in common with other insect depredators, is not 
as troublesome some years as others. For in¬ 
stance, iu some sections in the eastern part of the 
State, where they have prevailed more or less for 
the last twenty-five years, there have been periods 
of two or three years when the midge has done 
little or no damage. Then farmers would take 
courage, flunking they had left the country entire¬ 
ly, and sow large fields of wheat only to see them 
completely destroyed, there being in many instan¬ 
ces not grain enough left to pay for harvesting.— 
Now, Messrs. Editors, I think there is reason to 
fear that sooner or later this will be the case here 
—that farmers, thinkiDg they are not goiDg to be 
troubled any more with this pest, will bow wheat 
the stack upon, and make it largest 
This sheds the water and facilitate 
After the rain has ceased, in some c 
advisable to re-stack them, for tb< 
that the farmer often finds it to hi) 
foik over and re-stack his hay, but 
be frequently necessary. Those whe 
barn room often carry them directly 
to the barn, where they occupy 8 
space for drying, and in a short tit 
ficiently dry for threshing. It any 
know of a better method of curing 
do better than communicate the U 
Rural, as this is where many fail, 
suffer more or less. 
Corn, in most places, is looking 
some fields exceedingly fine, thou, 
anticipate more than an average Cl 
that late planted is quite short, 
stout, of fine color, with a good s&o 
Potatoes never looked be tip'. ' 
article in question indicates that some stocR grow¬ 
ers in this vicinity are waking up to a subject of 
great importance to agriculturists generally in 
Western New York—a subject justly entitled to a 
space in the columns of all agricultural journals. 
And I beg leave to offer for discussion the follow¬ 
ing proposition, viz: — What kind of Stallion, 
crossed with the mares of YV estern New Y ork will 
produce the fastest trotters, best roadsters, most 
stylish and valuable carriage horses, and most use¬ 
ful stage, cart and farm horses. I have meditated 
much on this subject, and it occurs to me that the 
mares of this country are comprised of such a 
variety of breeds, style and other qualities, that 
there is a kind of stallion from which may be pro¬ 
duced all of the different kinds of horses enume¬ 
rated in the above question. There is no question 
of greater importance to Western New York—none 
so little understood and appreciated, and none on 
