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SCENES IINT .A-iNTO ABOUT < T3 BR.TJSA.X j 3T:M:, 
Kmmoxs’ Manual of Geology. 
Tins work has boon lately published by Sowxn, Barnes j 
& Co., Philadelphia. It is a volume of near 800 pages. 
12mo., illustrated by a great number of figures of fossil 
plants and animals a3 well as geological sections, and 
is written in a clear, manly style, very rarely diffuse, 
but always direct and brief. It treats, too, of the geol¬ 
ogy of our country, where our rocks can be seen and 
handlod, and on which excursions can be made for the 
verification of its statements and the extension of the 
learner's knowledge and experience. The teacher, 
who understands the subject, will find the work an 
excellent text-book, and be able to make the most 
profitable use of It for the student. The cjcar brevity 
DIARIES FOR I860-GET READY. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker :— I was much pleased 
with the remarks of 5 our Fond du Lac correspond¬ 
ent in regard to a Diary for Youug a 3 well as old 
Ruralists. When ten years of age, I began a 
daily journal, which I have kept up to the present 
time. I wa3 inspired with a zeal of this kind, 
perhaps, from two facts, viz:—My father and 
grand-father kept a daily record of events, and 
also the impression made upon my mind when 
reading the “Farm Yard Journal” in “Evenings 
at Home.” Any boy who has read the above named 
book cannot but remember the simple, yet interest¬ 
ing style of young Roger. “The new born calf” 
found one morning in the barn-yard—the rascally 
sheep-dog “ which committed such havoc among 
the neighboring flocks, and yet made good his 
escape;” and the laughable incident of the servant 
Joseph being scared by the owls in the “loft of 
the old farm-house,” are not easily forgotten. 
In the stimtner of 1853, I visited the mining 
region of Lake Superior, and then “ footed it” 
across from Lea Point to the St. Croix, down 
pies obvious and satisfactory. Tfce plan, adopted by 
the author, la to give, on each system of rocks, “ a 
general history of the period to which they belong,” 
and to add “ a brief description of the rocks and their 
order of sequence,” 11 illustrated by tlio organisms or 
fossils ” contained in them. For understanding this, 
some knowledge of plants and animals, as well as 
minerals, is essential, and is presented in the early 
chapters. “ Palaeontology has become the leading 
branch ” of geology, because it is the “ history of life ” 
in the ages before God created man, the fossils being 
the organisms by which the functions of life are dis¬ 
played. The pursuits of the author, as lato State Geol¬ 
ogist of New York, and present State Geologist of 
North Carolina, give Dr. Emmons many advantages in 
the elaboration of such a work. On some contested 
points, his proofs are strong and full. The wotk will 
commend itself to the public. The subject is more 
important than ever before, and should be studied by 
all who intend to have any considerable education. Its 
applications are most interesting. 
OP. TURKISH COUNCIL CHAMBER. 
recesses, a few years previous, and removed to the 
Hechemeh, or Congressional Hall of Jerusalem, 
now identified a 3 occupying the site of the 
“Council Chamber,” or Sanhedrim. Permission 
for a visit had been obtained from the proper 
authorities, and I was sitting there taking a 
sketch of the room and its contents, greatly 
enjoying myself, when tbe Bash Catib 8 servant 
came running iD, almost breathless, and with the 
deepest anxiety depicted in his countenance (for 
he had all along shown us much courtesy and 
kindness), told us to flee for our lives—that the 
Fellahm had taken the city ! We accordingly fled 
to our premises with all haste, and barricaded the 
doors’as best we could. But before we could 
M SC HEM EH, 
With this number we conclude our series of, 
sketches and engravings of Scenes in and about 
the Holy City. They have been particularly valu¬ 
able as illustrative of the Scriptures. The present 
gjjgj-aving shows the jP ttrfcish Council Chamber, 
containing the Pvoyal Sarcophagus recently dis¬ 
covered in the Tombs of the Kings. Mrs. Johnson 
visited it and made the diawing soon after the late 
war between Russia and Turkey, which ended at 
tbe Crimea, became known at Jerusalem. Ibis 
war encouraged the wild tribes to acts of hostility 
against the Turkish power, and kept the inhabi¬ 
tants in constant alarm. Mrs. J., in an interesting 
chapter on this subject, says: 
“ I shall not soon forget the deep anxiety and 
dread we all experienced soon after war was 
declared, when the fanatical spirit of the tellahin 
was first aroused. We had learned from the pro¬ 
prietor of “ the Tombs of the Kings,” that a royal 
sarcophagus bad been discovered in one of its 
their neighbors, and some of the youDg braves of 
a tribe are almost always absent upon a war 
excursion. These forays sometimes extend into 
the heart of the northern states of Mexico, where 
the Indians have carried on successful invasions 
for many years. They have devastated and 
depopulated a great portion of Sonora and 
Chihuahua. The objects of these forays are to 
steal horses and mules, and to take prisoners; 
and if it so happens that a war party has been 
unsuccessful in the accomplishment of these ends, 
or has had the misfortune to lose some of its num¬ 
ber in battle, they become reckless, and will often 
attack a small party with whom they are not at 
war, provided they hope to escape detection. The 
disgrace attendant upon a return to their friends 
without some trophies as an offset to the loss of 
their comrades is a powerful incentive to action, 
and they extend but little mercy to defenseless 
travelers who have the misfortune to encounter 
them at such a conjuncture. 
Meeting Indians on the Plains, 
A small number of white men, in traveling 
upon the Plains, should not allow a party of j 
strange Indians to approach them unless able to 
resist an attack under the most unfavorable cir¬ 
cumstances. 
It is a safe rule, when a man finds himself alone 
in the prairies, and see 3 a party of Indians 
approaching, not to allow them to come near him, 
and if they persist in so doing, to signal them to 
keep away. If they do not obey, and he be 
mounted upon a fleet horse, he should make for 
the nearest timber. If the Indians follow and 
press him too closely, he should turn around, and 
point his gun at the foremost, which will often 
have the effect of turning them back, but he 
should never draw trigger unless he finds that his 
life depends upon the shot; for, as soon as his 
The Prairie Traveler. AIIand-Beok for Overland 
Expeditions. With Maps and Illustrations, and Itin¬ 
eraries of the Principal Routes between the Missis¬ 
sippi and the Pacific. By Randolph B. Marcv, Cap¬ 
tain U. 8. Army. Published bv authority of tbe War 
Department. [16mo.—pp.310.] New York : Harper 
& Brothers. 
WiTn a quarter of a century’s experience in frontier 
life, a great portion of which time was oocupied in 
exploring the interior of the continent, far beyond the 
bounds of civilization, the author was well prepared 
for the work which he has so well accomplished, that 
voyager ” across the des- 
company with some halt breeds and Indians. At 
Devil’s Lake we fell in with numerous herds of 
buffalo. In this vicinity we had a grand hunt,—■ 
and besides these denizens of the plain, the ponds 
and lakes were literally coverd with white, brown, 
’and grey geese—innumerable quantities of ducks, 
and many beautiful, swans. In mid-winter I left 
my friend at Pembina, teaching the young 
“ JYijis" and traveled by dog train for St. Paul; 
crossed the very source of the Mississippi and 
Red rivers, and arrived home in January. 
During this voyageur life, my journal was not 
neglected. The character of the Sioux warriors, 
their inveterate enemy, the Chippewa 3 , the 
of guiding the adventurous 
ert lying between our Western and the Pacific States. 
None but those who have tried it know the disadvan¬ 
tages the inexperienced labor under for want of a 
proper and timely initiation into those minor details of 
prairie craft, wbicb, however apparently unimportant 
in the abstract, are sure, upon the plains, to turn the 
balance of success for or against an enterprise. The 
main object sought in the book is to explain the best 
methods of performing the duties devolving upon the 
prairie traveler, so as to secure immunity from the 
wiles of the savage and the caprice of the elements. 
Tne principal routes are very plainly described, so that 
The little volume is 
coursed of tree 3 “from the cedars, which are 
Lebanon, even to the hyssop that spriegeth 
, of the wall.” Could these mute memorials 
bygone times tell the scenes that have passed 
the shadow of their foliage, what lessons of 
wer and instability might they not teach in the 
i cr interval that has elapsed since these bills 
For Moore’3 Rural New-Yorker. 
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA. 
I am composed of 24 letters. 
My 21,16, 7, 20, 2,14,12 is a division of Italy. 
My 4,0,11,17,12 was an American naval officer. 
My 8,19, 3,10, 23 is one of the Canary Islands. 
My 2,18,7, 9, 24, 22, 20 is a metal. 
My'15,1, 2, 24,14,13, 24 i3 a river in Ireland. 
distinguished surgeon of the 
it would seem none need err. 
finely illustrated, with engravings showing the most 
convenient forms of camp equipage, as well as strange 
and wild adventures with Indians, swollen streams and 
grizzly bears, which travelers have met with, and may 
again. All who think of an “overland voyage,” and 
all who wish to know more of this wild and interesting 
portion of our country, should procure this book. For 
sale by Steele, Avep.v & Co. 
I have worshiped in many of the high places 
of the Old World—in the Cathedral of Christen¬ 
dom, the Basilic of St. Peter, when the Sovereign 
Pontiff, the head of the Catholic Church, minis¬ 
tered at the altar; and though educated, as I have 
been, in the simplicity of the Presbyterian faith, 
yet I could not look upon the imposing solemni¬ 
ties without feeling a revetential awe pass over 
me, as though I weite »r. *ho presence of Him 
whose visible glory cie^ycuJed upon the Temple 
of Mount Moriah; and yet a naked Greek mass, 
for it happened to be an annual fete when I was 
there, celebrated under the patriarch cedar, 
before a rude altar of unwrought stone, by a poor 
priest, surrounded by a little band of worshipers, 
with the cliffs of Lebanon around them—this 
primitive devotion in a temple not made with 
hands, has left traces upon my mind and memory 
more powerful than the most gorgeous ceremonies, 
and which no subsequent event can eradicate. 
My 1,16,14, 21, 5, 6 was a 
18th century. 
My whole is a popular t 
present time. 
Hopedale, Ohio, 1859. 
£Sgr* Answer in two weeks. 
Then, boys, try it. Buy you a book of—say 
four hundred pages,—size of an ordinary account 
book. You must not take a dozen, or a hundred 
sheets of fools cap. Such small pieces will accu¬ 
mulate on your hands and be inconvenient to you. 
Your style should not be as brief as that of friend 
Beerier. The occupation of each hand, and 
where employed, should be noted. Mark the 
character of your prominent school-mates, or 
friends—state your views of certain issues before 
the people,—and note the remarkable events con¬ 
cerning the “rest of mankind.” It will be a great 
pleasure for you, in years to come, to travel back 
to days of boyhood, and know just what your 
views were at that time. Have your book marked 
by the Binder“ Diary No. 1, 1860,” and your 
The Westminster Review for October, 1859. Volume 
49, No. 2. L-jouard Scott &. Co., New York, Pub¬ 
lishers. 
The "Westminster ranks among the most impottant 
of the British Reviews, and tbe present number fully 
sustains its ancient reputation. The “Table of Con¬ 
tents” presents the following array :—Militia Forces; 
Rosseau, his Life and Writings; Spiritual Freedom; 
Modern Poets and Toetry of Italy; Physical Geogra¬ 
phy of the Atlantic Ocean; Garibaldi and the Italian 
Volunteers; Tennyson's Idyls of the King; Bonapart¬ 
ism in Italy; Contemporary Literature. Several of 
the papors presented will command the strictest scruti¬ 
ny of the reader, and all are well worthy the closest 
attention. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
AN ACROSTICAL ENIGMA. 
I am composed of IS letters. 
My 1,14, 2,13 was an European ruler. 
My 2, 9, 4,13 is a city in Italy. 
My 3, 2,16,13, 5 often leads to sorrow. 
My 4,1,13, 7, 3, 5 was a great Emperor. 
;ulf in Europe. 
My 5, 9,16,18 is a 
My 6,7, 7, 9,1,14 was a great writer. 
My 7, 6,12, 6, 2 was a philosopher. 
My 8, 5,13, 2, 8, 6, 14 is the name of a battle in the 
Revolution. 
My 9, 7,13, 5 is a river in Europe. 
My 10,18, 2, 8,1, 8, 3 is a song. 
My 11, 3, 5, 6, 2 was a great leader. 
My 12,15,17,1 is a city in South America. 
My 13,8, 8, 6, 2 was an American general. 
My 14,11,2, 8,13, 7 is a city in France. 
My 15, 7,13,1, 4 was a patriarch. 
My 16,13,11, 5,16,13 was a tyrant. 
My 17,11,14, 2,1 preserved many thousand lives. 
My 13, 7, 9,1 has been a theatre of thrilling events. 
My whole is contained in this number of the Rural 
Nbw-Yokusr. Annie. 
Flint Hill, Fairfax Co., Ya., 1859. 
jjgf Answer in two weeks. 
Pekin.—A recent traveler, speaking of the Chi¬ 
nese town of Pekin, and the first impression a 
stranger receives on entering within the walls, 
says ; —« Once he has passed under the ponderous 
northern gate, measured the thickness of the stu¬ 
pendous wall, and is fairly in Pekin, he will be 
entirely bewildered; all before him is a confused 
and dusty mass of colors, men, mules, cab3, hun¬ 
dreds of camels, with the weary Mongols in their 
once red gowns, enthroned and fast asleep on their 
high summit; an immensity of wide, perfectly 
straight and endless streets; a living ocean of the 
most degraded beggars, of cooks, barbers, blind 
men beatiDg upon kettle drums, orators delivering 
speeches; then, right and left, brilliant shops, 
cafes and hotels, surmounted by long poles of all 
colors, wooden walls beautifully carved and gilt 
over; in fact, it is a scene so unique in the world 
that no dream could ever be so eccentric.” 
Pennsylvania— rrs Meaning.— Will you please tell 
the Young Ruralists—one at least—the meaning of the 
word Pennsylvania ? Of course the first part is from 
Penn, the founder of the State; but the last part is 
what I want to know.—M. O* S. 
Sylvan means woody, or abounding in woods; 
pertaining to a wood or grove; hence a book con¬ 
taining a history of the forest trees of a country 
is called its Sylva. “ The woody land of Penn,” 
or Pennsylvania, was the name given by the king 
to the tract of land now forming the State of 
Pennsylvania when it was ceded to Penn. 
THE OLIVE AND THE CEDAE. 
Our distinguished Secretary cf State, Lewis 
Cass, delivered an address before the Agricultural 
Society of Kalamazoo Co., Mich., from which we 
make the following extracts: 
The Mount of Olives, which overlooks Jeru¬ 
salem, derives its name from these trees, existing 
there in the earliest ages, and at its foot, divided 
from it by the brook Kedron, i 3 the garden of 
Gethsemane, forever memorable as a scene of the 
passion of our Savior. Eight olive trees, bearing 
every mark of extreme age, are yet growing there, 
and tradition has invested them with a sacred 
character, as contemporaries of the life and death 
I of Jesus Christ. No believer in Christianity can 
ILLUSTRATED REBUS. 
What Good Periodicals May Do.—Show us an 
intelligent family where newspapers and periodi¬ 
cals are plentiful. Nobody who has been without 
these silent private tutors can know their educat¬ 
ing power for good or evil. Have you never thought 
of the innumerable topics of discussion which 
they suggest at the breakfast table, the important 
public measures with which, thus early, our chil¬ 
dren become familiarly acquainted; great phi¬ 
lanthropic questions of the day, to which uncon¬ 
sciously their attention is awakened, and the 
general spirit of intelligence which is evoked 
by these quiet visitors? 
Anything that makes home pleasant, cheerful 
and chatty, thins the haunts of vice and the thou¬ 
sand and one avenues of temptation, should cer¬ 
tainly be regarded, when we consider its influence 
on the minds of the young, as a great moral and 
social blessing.— Emerson. 
Is Hkat PoKDF.uA.r,LK?—In the Ritual, a few weeks 
since, you gave several answers to philosophical ques¬ 
tions, in which I was much interested. As we have a 
dispute in question, I will ask you to decide it, viz. : — 
Is heat ponderable , that is, having weight? 
Heat is imponderable. Weigh a piece of cold 
; then heat it and weigh it again, and the 
jht will be the same. Procure a cake of ice 
and weigh it; then dissolve it and weigh the water, 
and it will be found precisely the same as the ice. 
iron 
Answer in No. 1 of Vol. XI, 
For Moore’3 Rural New-Yorker. | 
MAT HEMA TICAL PROBLEM. 
Required the side of the largest equilateral triangle 
that can be inscribed between three equal circles of 12 
inches in diameter, which touch each other? 
Nunda, N. Y., 1859. N. P. S. 
Answer in two weeks. 
For Moore’s Rural New Yorker. 
ARITHMETICAL QUESTION. 
A person sold a number of sheep, calves and lambs 
- 40 in all-for $13. How many did he sell of each, If 
he received for each calf $1 75, each sheep SI 25, and 
each lamb 75 cents ? 5- oung Tyro. 
tar Answer in two weeks. 
There's a great difference between honor and 
honesty; the former, it is said, exists among 
thieves, the latter certainly doesn’t. 
ANSWER TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN NO. 517. 
The worstof faults is a fa’se heart; aud the least 
comely covering that can bo imagined is ^false¬ 
hood. 
