376 
THE FLORIST. 
oblong or linear , and these may be either marginal, costal, or oblique, 
and either simple or more or less anastomosed following the veins; 
amorphous , i. e ., when in large shapeless patches; and universal , i. e., 
when covering the whole surface. 
In a considerable number of Ferns, the sorus is covered while in a 
young state by a membrane of the same form as itself, which at length 
bursts according to its natural habit, and is either cast off or pushed 
aside, as the spore-cases increase in size. This membrane is the 
Indusium. It is usually placed above the spore-cases, which is the 
true position of an indusium; but sometimes a similar kind of mem¬ 
brane is instead fixed below them and continued in an incurved 
manner, so as to invest them, and this particular form has been called 
an Involucre. 
The foregoing are the principal features of distinction employed in 
subdividing the Polgpodineae , and we may next proceed to see how they 
are applied. 
Chelsea . Thomas Moore. 
LARGE CAYENNE PINES. 
The large Pines noticed in another column as exhibited at St. James’s 
Hall by Mr. Ingram, of the Royal Gardens, were grown on the planting 
out system ; the plants which produced the fruit in question had 
never been in pots, but were taken from the parent plants as suckers 
sixteen months ago, and planted in succession pits, in free soil, over a 
bed of leaves, without fire heat; some time afterwards they were trans¬ 
ferred to the fruiting pit, and planted out on ridges of loam over a bed 
of leaves. There are no other means of applying bottom heat to the 
plants beyond what is afforded by the bed of leaves, and this suffices to 
last good for twelve months or more without being renewed, which is 
only done when the crop has all ripened off. These pits have hot- 
water pipes running round them for maintaining the requisite degree of 
temperature to the air. A lining of dung can be applied on the back 
of the pits if necessary, but we understand is seldom used; neither is 
the hot-water apparatus employed further than to keep up only a very 
moderate top heat; but every advantage is taken of light and sun heat 
to assist the growth and ripening of the fruit. Having very frequently 
witnessed the splendid crops of Pines Mr. Ingram ripens off by this 
simple and inexpensive plan, we think it worth being made more 
widely known, as affording a practical proof of all that is necessary for 
for producing the Pine in its highest perfection—namely, a very 
moderate but steady bottom heat, pure loam for the plants to grow 
in, allowing them to grow their own way in it, and a very moderate 
amount of artificial heat, but taking advantage of all the light and sun- 
heat which can be obtained, and which is husbanded so as to relieve 
the fire-heat as much as possible. The Pines produced by this rational 
system of cultivation are as remarkable for their symmetry and shape 
as for their size, colour, and high flavour, of which those exhibited the 
other day bore evidence. The weights of the four Cayenne Pines 
exhibited at St. James’s Hall were as follows: 10| lbs., 9 lbs., lbs., 
6 J lbs. ; and these are only a fair average of the rest of the crop. 
