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VOLUME III. NO. 2. f- 
Di'inirtriirnf. 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.-THURSDAY, JANUARY 8, 1852. 
WHOLE NO. 106. 
AGRICULTURAL PATENTS OF 1850. 
■ THE WHEAT CROP IN WESTERN NEW YORK. 
demands of the market, and by timely va- the hurry and bustle of the moment, and 
I.\ looking over Part I., or the Mechani- Me. Moore :—The following Essay upon “The mtlons to suit tllis demand, tbe y g° 011 sue- may not bo altogether competent. 
FKfttilsiDSS AND IMPROVEMENT. cal portion of the last Patent Office Report, prospect of the Wheat Crop, as a Staple Product cessfub y, whcn perseverance in the old great sympathy and ain ready to make very 
- ^ '• - ^ we find various items of general interest, and Western New York” was read before the East 1 ° u fine would ensuro losses and bankruptcy, great allowance for the Committees. When 
from among them, here present some con- | Bloomfield Farmers’ Club at a late meeting, by Agriculturists, from their secluded situation the competition is so strong and close as it 
d^ised facts relative to the Agricultural Ma- one wf its members; and a copy of the same re- havo not been brought into contact with is at our State Fairs, and "’there are such 
chines and Implements patented in 1850 — ! quoted for publication in your highly valuable the world or with each other, as much as multitudes of animals and implements to 
nn . 1 i nanfir. AirrnonLlo In c-iwl nunlntlnn T ..i ■_...x .1 .. . . juwuuu* 
WINTERING MILCH COWS. 
Milk, one of the most wholesome and ! d <j? lsed & cts relative to the Agricultural Ma- I onc of , it ® ,ne,n i bera q and a C0 P.y ,)f the same re- ] 'avo not been brought into contact with 
itritious articles of food which wo possess chines and Implements patented in 1850— 1 quested [ or P ubllcatlon »» y° ur }u g hl ) r valuable tb e world—or with each other, as much as 
nutritious articles of food which wo possess chines and Implements patented in 1850— 1 J,u “ J . llgu Y v; 
, i . . , . . , ’ Tlima wo™ nl , • , . paper. Agreeable to said resolution, I he 
has largely increased m consumption from b here wera of this class, 117 issues during transmit a copy, which is at your disposal 
the facilities which our numerous railroads . precisely the same m the aggregate Yours with respect, 
give for supplying city markets from the asin 1849, though tho numbers in the several Elisha M. Bradley, Se 
country. This extended demand gives a sub -divisions are generally very different.— 
new interest to tho subject of wintering 1° the first year, for instance, six cultivators Miiai is hie prospect of Wheat conti 
per. Agreeable to said resolution, I leremtb those engaged in most other pursuits. They examine, it is not surprising that thov’sheuM 
copy, which is at^your disposal are not always so well informed as they err: and then each o^hibiL alls!la“ 
' EusTTiwvv Ser’y T" \ 1° , ‘T 0 ™" 0 "** >«*<« «P W» mind before leaving home, that 
- ’ v ture at hmno and abroad , or of tho princi- ho has tho best animal that can be produced 
W hat is the prospect of Wheat continuing P les ob science which apply to it. And not- in tho State, overlooking all defects of which 
new interest to tho subject of wintering in tllc nr8t y ear J tor instance, six cultivators 
milch cows—of so feeding and caring for wcre Patented and but two in tho last, while 
thorn that they may bo thrifty and healthy * n s * raw cutters the difference is nearly as 
and yield a large amount of milk to their 8 roa ^ bl favor of 1850. 1 here were fifteen 
owners. Good cows command a high prico harvesting machines in each year, 
and pay a good profit. They should havo For improvements in plows thirteen 
good food and shelter and their comfort in patents were granted, but a spring-beam 
every respect receive the attention of tho plow seems the only one really new among 
farmer or dairyman. them. Tho idea of avoiding tho breakino- 
The New England Farmer says: ‘ It is ^ l0 P^°w when it strikes a fast rock or 
hardly worth while to feed meadow hay to stuin P by tho spring of a flexible beam seems 
Yours with respect, 
Elisha M. Bradley, Sec’y. 
were patented and but two in tho last, while tn hc the sta V le product of this section of the ! withstanding it is contended that science is the animal may bo possessed. A flat rib, a 
in straw cutters the difference is nearly as countr y? Western Now York is now justly j 0i no benefit to tho practical farmer, I be- steep rump, a sharp shoulder, a thick hide 
groat in favor of 1850. There wero fifteen j celebrated for its abundance and excellence, j ll0Vc lfc wdl bo found ever the fact, that a bad coat, are often discovered in other an- 
md no part of the country has produced where the most extensive knowledge of the- imals, when in fact sorno of those maybe 
! U (ll'Anf Ail iirlmnt aC "U. ^ i. L - .. . 1 ! L J 1 OT*V fl.Tlfl JO 11T1 ifnil UTlfll 11.1 /.l! a a ! • V • 1 > 
milch cows, as it will not supply tho heavy 
draught made upon them while yielding 
really entitled to credit for originality.— 
most any other. Nowhere has the soil been own figures—and they will be surprised to ceived the first premiums before they left 
found superior to ours—abounding to such fmd thc cost and Value of many crops very home, in their own minds, of course will bo 
an extent in all thc elements necessary to d!ff erent from what thoy expected. dissatisfied. 
Whether it will prove of practical benefit f *~ wth “ P ei>fe « tl0n ; This crop has j Tne business of Agriculture does not af- Notwithstanding all this, errors are com- 
sight or ton quarts of milk a .lay. Let that "<1" al <*> «•» bworeod cost romains rather f b ° C '‘ > ,n,nar ? ™.P or ? anc ' 5 i ford f® “ oans «f ac 1 uirln S niittod which arc apparent to even a casuri 
cheap fodder go to tho young cattle, or tho <lo “ htf “ l - Twenty-seven seed planters wore S T'° C ' ,dnxt,m '”*'»*»■ ~ ,ut **, d,sorcot * observer, and a case in point occurs to my 
hardy oxen, for their flit foddering in tho patented, tho most of them for minor points ■? “Lf'T* mdo P® nd “ c oand wealth as rapidly as is con- mind. The third premium on matched 
morningand their last at night, dui-inv the °f novelty, and requiring no special notice , , 1 , l s ,.i jit. in nn- sis.jmvi i ,,, pme enjoyment ot lito, or horses was awarded to a team which was 
sharp and frosty weather. With tho milch ^ ere - In one of them there is a device em- llls ”° ,l «.i\s icon c«uoful to ie- wi ..1 ic gooi oidm and prosperous eon- quite inferior to several others; two teams 
cows, a full and generous supply of milk P lo y ed > new to us, at least, to distribute the , .. ^ , ' C nl ;' Illinal el f ments Wltb ' f ltl0n ol 80 ? iet y- _ Ifc 13 f d,/ce secure from from Canandaigua, were great! y in advance 
depends entirely upon a full and generous se ed for planting. A cog wheel passes thro’ W j o iom, am uih<. tusicsult. 10 ■crnjit.itions arising liorn tho sudden ac- of this team. Also, quite an excitement was 
supply of the right kind of fodder. For hopper of tho planter so that each cog ^ ™j the o'ri i niT nf! ? ?" 'T“Z° T^’ f *»«****>«*»- created respecting ‘the flrst premium™ 
this purpose, among tho roots, carrots stand carries a portion of the seed to tho drills^ “ysFuATtKcm,'^ needs yearling Devon heifers. Tho competitors 
vo,... . v, A, .each tontl. b.-.vlno- „ w lv„o + A n- n continued as poifcct, and as abundant. not the support of popular favor—his sue- A ... 1 , . 
bandman has not always been careful to re- j with tho good order and prosperous c 
turn to the soil the manurial elements with- j dition of society. It is alike secure fr 
> ment 01 mo > or horses was awarded to a team which was 
prosperous con- quite inferior to several others; two teams 
pre-eminent, if richness rather than quantity eacb * oot:b having a wheel to supply it. 1H <UIU ah aounuant. not tho supjioi t ot popular iavor his suc- 
is desired. The various kinds of turnips, Among tho harvesting machines patented » Iho wheat cro P has occasionally failed under the blessing of God, depends on 
boots and parsnips are good, especially the during the year, are those for cutting almost <* >mldow, or by the do- h.s honest industry, directed by enlightened 
latter root, and fed with dry fodder, keep every kind of crop thus gathered.' There uct,on (d ,nsocts - rhis however has been ' ie '\ 5 o! h,s occupation. Who, more than 
the animals healthy and yielding a full flow are grain and grass, corn, corn-stalk, cotton , >U ^ <U , Kl ' 01 0011 llod t( ’ particular Iocali- ’ m 0 birmcr , in the exorcise of tho 
of milk.” cotton-stalk, clover-hoad and hemp harvest- f'° S ’ , g \ danger llas bocn a PP ro - P""', or an<l ln f!ucuco ho possossos, is more 
In England milch cows are fed principally ers of various degrees of novelty and utility, “"“f* "PPoaranco of tho weevil hkoly to seek to elevate men and advance 
on turnips and coarse fodder, and kept sta- The corn-stalk harvester is described as ““I Eo f 0n ' The cl.urae- such prmc, pies as shall best promote the 
bled during the winter. The cows have a P»l«n* up the stalks, while tho hemp har- ,h .“ ‘" SeC ‘ “ SU f f *° oxcil ° th ” ba P,? m f san<1 P r08 P 6rit y of tha "'holocoun- 
littlo fresh straw or hay, and after that sliced vostor outs off those of tho plant to which „ ‘ “f" 0 "? fea ” f ™ lll( -'‘"‘'"-o success of t>}- And, to conclude, whatever convul- 
turnips, morning, noon and evening, with ic ‘ s applied. This order reversed would ■ '!'' ", ° J v laa 01 v ’ "-'"J'' 0 !' tins ■° 11 ’ "Jay iapp.ni in the commercial and 
fodder occasionally. Their stables are kept to bo the proper one, but it may ho all '““appeared “ llas P ro ''uced .lostruc- Pohtjcal horizon, wliatovor changes may be 
dean, but well littered and properly venti- tight on the prairies, as well as a threshing ^Tl ?!? *° 1,1 New .' ,0 “ 88 “ 1 T “* h,s P lans of operations, if hc is 
lated, avoiding as far as possible currents of niachine to drive through the cornfield for E "* lan “ and eastern part of ti,is State, intelligently attentive to his business, ho 
air, from which cattle will suffer and take gathering and si,oiling the corn. One of “°" th ° ap ' )0 ™ 0 « tho ""evil, may be sure of a competence for himself 
cold as well as human beings, the reaping machines has an ingenmis co„- ! f, ”* f°T 8 "“" S8ful J. J "ultivation and Ins family. 
A proper and convenient supply of water trivance called a grain binder, for deposit- <H V"!! ( IK, u q\ ,i ).ni< “nod. 1 he 
, , ‘ , . inivHinwWmmrnnlne •+ i i f progross of tho insect luis been steadily -W0 ANNUAL STATE FAIRS IN NEW YORK, 
is ol much importance. Cattlo should nig tno w neat m parcels suitable for binding. , , , 
not bo compelled to wander off in tho bleak, There is also a horse rake described, design- .1 S W ‘ U , 1 ynais ago it was found in p M . 
,, , . » , wl ,• t i • xi ’& the eastern part of this countv tho mef JJRIend iyioore :—As your columns are 
cold storm to some distant pond or sprine- ed foi accomplishing the samo purpose. ^’ c P' ist nrinri / , , 
,,, , . , , . . 1 ' , n- x, , 1 season we havo discovered it in our own °Pon, 1 take up the pen to second the effort 
hole for drink, but should love i supplied Five threshing machines and grain sop- fields. Although as yot it. has not proved ' thich Is w “g ■»»*> to hold two Fairs in tho 
at or near the yard ,f possiblo. When there orators are enumerated. One of tho first vory destructive, we may expect the same g™» «oto of New York. Our county of 
is difficulty .n getting water, owing to tho dis- has the cylinder so constructed that tho results to follow its appearance which havo Wayne is the only one which 1,as practiced 
tanco, storms, or other causes, cattle are P««»go of a stone through the machine atten,led it elsewhere. The raising of wheat holding two Fairs, and so far as our oxperi- 
aptto ur.nk too much at a time, and suffer wlmn m operation will do no injury. But „ » staple crop will necessarily bo aban- """ogoes.it shows that just about double 
from the amount of .00 water with which three corn shelters were patented, and these doned for a time, or during tho continuance th " '"terest is excited in the county. We 
the, distend then stomachs. Their comfort P™ent no points of special interest. 0 f tlio weevil, and the best preventive of have had no difficulty in regard to the op- 
in us icspcc as "oil as m shelter and For straw and root cutters, ten patents its ravages in what is sown consists in sow- orations—all living in tho eastern district 
, Thc w heat crop lias occasionally failed j "» 8S . >"'<'«i' tho blessing of God, depends on The Committee, no doubt wero deceived j 
rom blight, rust, or mildew, or by tho do- | hls b <>nost industry, directed by enlightened her age. 
of this team. Also, quite an excitement was 
created respecting tho first premium on 
yearling Devon heifers. Tho competitors 
declared the animal to ho two years old._ 
straction of insects. This however has been VIGWS of his occupation. Who, more than « To err is human,” and if any person eon- 
hut partial, or confined to particular Iocali- the intelligent farmer, in the exorcise of the eludes that the business of the State F >ir 
tics, and no great danger has been appro- P ower and influence he possesses, is more can all he accomplished in the bustle and 
bonded until the appearance of tho weevil hkoly to seek to elevato men and advance crowd, without error and in complete norfoe 
m our fields the past season. The charac- 3 «ch principles as shall best promote the tion, and to the satisfaction of all you cun 
tcrot tins insect is such as to excite tho happiness and prosperity of the whole coun- set him down as visionary. Many things V 
most serious fears for the future success of try.” And, to conclude, whatever convul- tho Fair must transpire to disappoint ovfob- 
tho cultivation of wheat—for wherever this si °ns may happen in the commercial and tors. They cannot all have the first nor the 
insect has appeared it has produced destruc- political horizon, whatever changes may he second premiums, and when errors are com 
tion and devastation to tho crop: In New necessary in his plans of operations, if ho is mitted in the awards, it creates an unfovor 
England and the eastern part of this State, intelligently attentive to his business, ho able impression, 
where, before the appearance of the weevil may be sure of a competence for himself tw m , , ,, 
wheat was grown successfully, its cultivation and his family. s fl ’ al \ P C0 P lc should make a P 
has been almost entirely abandoned. The 
progross of tho insect has been steadily 
westward—two years ago it was found in 
tho eastern part of this county, the past 
season we havo discovered it in our own 
TWO ANNUAL STATE FAIRS IN NEW YORK. 
Friend Moore:— x\s your columns are 
open, I take up the pen to second the effort 
But, after all, people should make up 
their minds to exhibit superior animals and 
implements for the benefit of those who go 
to see. It is the place to compare articles, 
and to make exchanges, and not for thc sel¬ 
fish purpose of making money out of the 
State Society. Those having the real inter- 
pay their membership fee and exhibit all 
they choose; those living in the western dis- 
. .. . , "win, .urn mu uesi preventive Ot m mgaru 10 tnc op- 
m 11 s lvspec , as " ell as in shelter and For straw and root cutters, ten patents its ravages in what is .sown consists in sow- orations—all living in tho eastern district 
cleanliness is the bes t economy, as an animal were granted. In one of the first, the knife ing early tho earliest ripening varieties P a Y their membership fee and exhibit all 
well cared for kept warm and clean, re- is worked by the hand, indicating a returq WiU this failure of the Wheat Q they choose; those living in the western dis- 
quucs <s, oodto keep mtluitt andcondi- to the early simplicity of tho instrument.— ously affect the interests of our fanners'— trict can also exhibit in the eastern, by pay- 
; . ; th0 P”P"'- « 18 ™p™™« h ™»''or, by fastening tho Wo lind that land in tin,so soiions whore in * an(l «« ««»-«) that a persons 
quotod-s ato.1 m a lecture upon thoadvan- jointed end on a spring so us to give a draw wheat crop has boon discontinued from "' ish “S t» compote for premiums in both 
ages of studying the diseases ef animals, cut across tho straw Wo havo scon a crank- three causes, has continued to ad vance <«<•«<*• can do so b, pacing one dollar ex- 
that an improvement in the v ,alily of the like hinge employed for tho same purpose price-that the farmer, by devotinv hi, at- tra t0 «•» ffWriet in which he does not ro- 
m, k and an moreaso m tho — are oh- with good effect. Lntion to the e.iitivation of other craps has sM "- B -" l>' a " h» been added to 
1 , 10 J" dl " lous "so of tho card ;md Among other inventions enumerated are found his profits as groat as in the cSltiva- the funds of the Society, and the energies 
the reports, and, if the best, receive the first 
premium. And if any thing can be done to 
make the premium list bettor adapted to the 
wants of the State—if the amount can bo 
increased or more widely distributed—let it 
he done, so that a small pittance may bo re¬ 
turned for great expense and outlay, and 
the time and money expended while attend¬ 
ing the Fair. If any class is to bo “ lion- 
hed,” or known as the “ bloods,” it should 
he the farmers and mechanics of this coun¬ 
try, who bear the heat and burthen of the 
day; and it it should ever happen to be a 
“dusty time,” let the Society’s officers and 
^ o Cl --? —'■'•5 --— At vm »r 1XCVV 1L- Ililo DOUI1 - uooi x llcifc ,| .. , . , . . 
several bee-hives, and a variety of miscella- in years past. By tho facilities which rail- contributed to bring out tho best in each C ‘/ authorities join and sprinkle tho 
neous articles. Among these is an ox-voko roads furnish, wo are bromriit near the great district - th6 Stroets ‘ 1 erlia P s tbo tax on hacks might 
having two staples and a peculiar chain for cities of tho sea-board-a few hours milv When tho State is divided Into two dis- k ex ^ adei fo J J his ?" r P 08e - Ifc ^»uld 
curry-comb. Wo know this to bo true from thirteen churns, about the same number of tion of wheat. Our situation in respect to of agriculturists have been awakened, and a 5 &Dd ' f ,7 Sh ° uld 1 
anafogy and observation. mills for cleaning and hulling grain, rice, &c., markets is different from what it has been ^le excitement to have the best'Fair, has ^ tot the S, 
Where proper roots for feeding have not several bee-hives, and a variety of miscella- in years past. By tho facilities which rail- contributed to bring out tho best in each I, * y * u1 T n * ie8 jm 
been secured, hay and tho coarser grains neous articles. Among these is an ox-yoke roads furnish, wo are brought near the ereat distr ict. the streets. 1 erhaps th 
ateno with the requisite preparation answer having two staples and a peculiar chain for cities of tho soa-board-a'few hours‘only When tho State is divided into two dis- x° CI q mdo<1 f " * his 
vory well the desired purpose Good well- dividing the draught according to tho are required to required to reach the mara tricts, tho Fairs will be jast about as well at- tn 1 A "‘f ‘° 
ui-oilhayH.iotdcsp.sodevon by milch cows, strength of the oxon, when it chance, to bo kct. The demand for articles in a fresh tended, and the competition just about as "°t” g r “IT 
t hougli d first cut it will be better; and if so unequal as to make it desirable to give state is constantly increasing. The supply spirited; tho samo difficulties will attend the , ma " k, "d- 
they are fed a peck or so per day of shorts, one an advantag e over the other. ( of the largo demand for butcher's molt operations of the Committees.and tho officers j" """"'usion, I hop, 
bi, 01 p.oi eiide', muod with water suifi- —- deserves attention, and should receive the will have the same perplexitios to encounter wl " J 101 ' 1 tw0 fi'" 8 for t 
uci.t to thin it properly, they will continue Dkstructioi, or Cattle VEEMIN.-Cattle consideration of the agriculturist. By tho The great benefit will be the convenionce to C ° mfOTt of aI1 ' Ees P' 
m k a most as long and gno nearly as and sheep cannot thrive when infested %vith cultivation and uso of roots for folding exhibitors, by having tho Fairs central in R " ,e -"• Y -ifti. 
• ml\',‘rl,.v 17, b t!’’ 1 ' T “ 1 10 L °T a "d ticks, and this sometimes happens stock, tho quantity furnished for market each district, and some two to four weeks „ ~ -- 
amlbaiIcy, oats and corn ground togeth- to tho leanest of them ,n winter. There are may bo greatly increased. Scarcely fifty from each other, so that every farmer and “ Horses—. 
m^t utedTt r she,"! PU, ' P T°'“ d ! d " r " nt ' ol ' on8 .' ,a8h « 8 . a >>< 1 »™ t ""ents,vhich years havo elapsed since theintroducL of mechanic in tho State can make it convon- !? /‘j ^ T ,ho ' 
It coin meal is used it should bo mixed with will destroy those pests, but it is much root culture into England, and in that time tent to attend one or tho other the host preventive ot he 
cut hay or Btiaw a little moistened,—but a trouble to apply them thoroughly at this an entire revolution has been effected in And now I will f , . . duce tho quantity of g 
largo quantity of this gram has a tendency season. Tho Maine Farmer says The British husbandry It is said th ^ rim d If' , ’ r , say a te^ words in rela- substitute carrots in it 
to drv un tho milk Pnt«.*™ a -- .i. ...x.. , , 3 . 1 .. . uusoanaiy. it is said that the cul- tion to tho Committees. We all know of - 
bo quite a relief to tho poor animals, 
to say nothing about comfort to tho mass, 
“ or rest of mankind.” 
In conclusion, I hope the State Society 
will hold two Fairs for the convenience and 
comfort of all. Respectfully, E . n. t. 
Rose, N. Y., Dec. 23, 1 & 31 . 
and barley, or oats and corn ground togeth- to tho leanest of them in winter. There are may be greatly increased. Scarcely fifty 
er, form a good mixture for this purpose— different lotions,washes, and ointments which years have elapsed since the introduction of 
If corn meal is used it should be mixed with will destroy those pests, but it is much root culture into England and in that time 
cut hay or straw a little moistened,—but a trouble to apply them thoroughly at this an entire revolution has been effected in 
however, there is little danger-should ever fire, one end of the tube may be fitted on to change their lorn, esKLlkl l ?- SP °T f V - , f r * ty 8 A PEACTICAL fa ™icr is one who reduces 
bo avoided. It tends to stop tho flow of the nose of a bellows and the other -umlicd it . ^“^dprdcticembusi- ofheers have aimed to get first rate judges, tho science of farming to actual use pBI.d- 
milk, causing disease, and sometimes thc among tho hair of the calf or wool of tho sheep finif mm-huRs VUr * uits ‘ - |,utauin - v wbo ai ‘c appointed t° this thank- by his own hands or under his own’super 
loss of tho animal. and tho smoke blown in by the be lows^ pilled to^Lke f T T™ ? °l °° ^ t0 attcnd tho Fair ’ or vision,-who knows what is to be^ Tone Z 
y oc loi s. puled to mako froqent changes to moot tho get there late, and others are picked up in how to do it ’ d 
ru lu iuur weeKS ltv, , T t . . 
'very farmer and H IN Horses -—A single feed of car- 
i } 1 rots Per da y, says the Working Farmer is 
mako it conven- +i,_n„ 0 x /•, u , 13 
they. 0 fc preventive of heaves in horses. Re- 
, . , duco ^ 10 quantity of grain one-third, ,and 
W woi-ds in rela- substitute carrots in its place, and your 
e a 1 know of horses will require no medicine, enjoy fine 
should be com- spirits, loose hides, and the ability to per- 
cttei adapted to form full work. * 
to be done, and 
