MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
THE TRUE GENTLEMAN. 
The distinguished Gouvcrneur Morris, of Morrissiana, 
near the city ol New York, who was a gentleman by birth, 
education, and the most lofty bearing, on being asked 
his definition of a gentltman, replied in the words of the 
Psalmist: 
’Tis he whose every thought and deed 
By rule of virtue moves. 
Whose generous tongue disdains to speak 
The thing his heart disproves. 
Who never did a slander forge, 
His neighbor's fame to wound; 
Nor hearken to a false report, 
By malice whispered round. 
Who vice, in all its pomp and power, 
Can treat with j ust neglect; 
A nd piety, though clothed in rags. 
Religiously respect. 
Who to his plighted words and trust 
Has ever firmly stood; 
And though he promised to his loss. 
He makes that promise good. 
Whose soul in usury disdains 
His treasure to employ; 
Whom no reward can ever bribe 
The guiltless to destroy. 
SHALL WESTERN NEW YORE HAVE A 
NORMAL SCHOOL I 
The Schools of New York arc now said 
to he free—that is to say, the property of 
the State is taxed for their support a specified 
time during the year. 1 he iState has also 
undertaken to aid directly, in fitting young 
men and women for the responsible work of 
teaching the children and youth of the Com¬ 
monwealth. To do this, she has opened 
what is called a Normal School—a School 
for training schoolmasters and schoolmis¬ 
tresses in the art of teaching. Ibis school 
is located at Albany, situated almost on the 
eastern border of this great State. 
We suppose that this school is no longer 
to he regarded as an experiment, from the 
fact that the State has constructed a costly 
edifice, for its accommodation. If a Nor¬ 
mal School has become a fixed fact in our 
educational system, then we should have 
more than one. Massachusetts, with not 
MARTIN LUTHER. 
He was a most wonderful man—gifted 
with a nature so broad and expansive that 
while it touched the severe, almost tlio 
harsh on one side, it mingled with the ten¬ 
der and affectionate on the other. Hear, 
for instance, his remarks after tho death of 
his daughter, Madeline. When they placed 
her on. the bier, he exclaimed: “My poor, 
dear little Madeline, you are at rest now.” 
Then looking long and fixedly at her: “Yes, 
dear child, thou snalt rise again, shalt shine 
like a star? yes, iike the sun! I am joyful 
in tho spirit, but oh, how sad in tho iiesh! 
It is a strange feeling tins, to know that she 
is certainly at rest, that she is happy, and 
yet to bo sad!” 
It is recorded that when his little daugh¬ 
ter was in the agony of death, Luther threw 
himself on his knees by her bedside, and 
weeping bitterly, prayed to God that he 
would spare her. She breathed her last in 
his arms. In one of his letters, lie says, af¬ 
ter speaking of the death of Madeline, that 
he ought to be thankful for her happy deliv¬ 
erance from the many troubles of this world: 
“Nevertheless, the force of instinct is so 
great, that I cannot forbear from tears, 
sighs, and groans, say rather my very heart 
dies within me. I feel engraved on my in¬ 
most soul her features, her words and ac¬ 
tions ; all that she was to me in life and 
health, and on her sick bed, my dutiful child. 
* * She was, as you know, go sweet, so 
amiable, so full of tenderness.” 
How beautifully the softness and tender¬ 
ness of tho stern Reformer’s character came 
out in these extracts. And could any thing 
bo finer than this of woman: “ When Eve 
was brought before Adam, he was filled with 
the Holy Ghost, and gave her the most 
beautiful and glorious of all names, called 
her Eve. that is mother of all living. This 
is woman’s glory, and most precious orna¬ 
ment.” Or this: — One evening noticing 
a little bird perched on a tree as if to take 
up its rest for the night: ‘‘This little thing 
has chosen its shelter, and is going peace¬ 
fully to sleep; it does not disturb itself with 
thoughts of where it shall rest to-morrow, 
but composes itself tranquilly on its littlo 
branch and leaves God to think for it.” 
sjHAusrujMu/j 
COURT HOUSE AND CITY HAUL, ROCHESTER 
[Engraved expressly for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker.] 
by 40 feet,—a consulting room, 23 by 15 feet, 
— and the District Attorney’s office, 23 by 
23 feet. In tho third story is the Court 
Room, 52 by 64 feet, with two Jury Rooms 
adjoining. 
The cost of the building is **65,000. The 
City has furnished a bell, weighing 6,200 lbs. 
which is hung in the dome and only to be 
used in case of fires. 
This is the first of a series of views of 
public buildings, &c., in Western New York, 
which we propose to give during the year. 
The next, under this head, will be a view of 
the Western New York House of Refuge. 
i tho city division is occupied by offices for 
! the Mayor. Clerk, Treasurer, Superinten- 
! dent, Surveyor, &c. The Common Council 
: Chamber, 40 by 53 feet, is in the second 
f, also the Law Library and County 
j Judges rooms. The third story is the City 
| Hall, 53 by 80 feet and 20 feet in height.— 
j The first floor of tho half occupied by the 
It | County contains the County Clerks Office, 
j 23 by 53 feet; also the Surrogate, County 
■ Treasurer and Sheriff’s Offices. In the 
irvisor’s room, with 
:cupying a space of 
The above engraving represents the 
Court House and City Hall, recc 
erected in this city —one of the most b 
tiful and imposing edifices in the State, 
truly creditable to Monroe County, Roches- ; story 
ter, and the architect, M. Austin, Esq. T ”' 1 " 
This building is located on the corner of 
Buffalo and Fitzhugh streets, and is con¬ 
structed of brick and Lockport granite, 
fronts on Buffalo street, 183 feet 4 inches- 
extending back on Fitzhugh, 87 feet 4 inches. 
The height to the top of the dome is 165 ft. 
One half is to be used by the County, tho 
other half by the City. The first story of 
Sl 
The location where it best flourishes is 
right upon the sea shore, where its roots, if 
not actually washed, are watered by the sea. 
The method of planting it is thus describ¬ 
ed by an observer:—Selecting a suitable 
place, you drop into the ground afully-ripe 
nut, and leave it. In a few days, a thin, 
lance-like shoot forces itself through a mi¬ 
nute hole, pierces the husk, and unfolds 
three pale green leaves in the air; while, 
originating in tho same soft, white sponge, 
which now completely fills the nut, a pair 
of fibrous roots, pushes away the stoppers 
that loose the hole in an opposite direction, 
penetrate the shell, and strike vertically in¬ 
to the ground. 
A day or two more, and tho shell and husk, 
which, in the last germinating stage of the 
nut, are so hard that a knife will hardly 
make an impression, spontaneously burst by 
some force within: and henceforth the hardy 
young plant thrives apace, and, needing no 
culture, pruning, or attention of any sort, 
rapidly advances to maturity. In four or 
five years, it bears; in twice as many more, 
it begins to lift its head among tho groves, 
where waxing strong, it flourishes for near 
a century. 
obedience, it should be done thoroughly; 
and as soon as obedience is secured, all fur¬ 
ther proceedings should cease. At the 
proper time endeavor to cause the little of¬ 
fender to feel that tho punishment was not 
a matter of choice, but of necessity; that it 
was not done to gratify your own feelings, 
but for his good: and when tho contest 
is over, treat him with all the kindness and 
confidence that you did before, and make 
no allusion to the chastisement afterwards. 
In my next I shall speak of the “ Early 
Education” of children. h. 
Down East, Oct., 1851. 
EARLY TRAINING AND EDUCATION OF 
CHILDREN.-NO. 1. 
In the Rural of Oct. 9th, is an article on 
tho “ Education of Children,” in which the 
writer, after making some good remarks, 
closed by “ commending the subject to wiser 
Though I lay claim 
the other of theso 
one who is willing to con- 
minds and abler pons.” 
neither to the one nor 
qualities, yet as 
tribute his mite to tho general fund, I ven¬ 
ture to offer the following, for the consid- 
. oration of those who may feel an interest 
in the subject. 
I have used in my heading, two terms, 
Training and Education. The lat ter prop¬ 
erly embraces both ; and yet I wish to make 
a distinction for the sake of simplicity.— 
■'The former I use to denote that kind of in¬ 
struction or bringing up, which a child is 
capable of receiving before it commences 
the study of books. The latter 1 use in its 
more common acceptation. r J raining I re¬ 
fer to the formation of habits; Education 
to the schooling. The former commences 
earliest, and for a time is conducted alone ; 
afterward, both arc conducted together. 
The first question that presents itself is, 
“At what ago shall the training commence?” 
I answer just as soon as the child is capable 
of understanding a look, an expression of 
A WONDERFUL TREE. 
The tendency of the renewed nature is to 
be uniform ancl unwavering, like the truth 
on which it feeds and the spirit which gives 
it life. Tho bent of tho affections, too, is 
the immediate cause, in the hand of the spirit 
of obedience; and obedience re-ac.s to add 
vigor to the affections. Perpetuity, then, is 
the law of Christian life; and the stato of 
the affections at any one time, which secures 
the performance of tho statutes, is tho evi¬ 
dence that such a law is reigning in the soul. 
The apostle recognizes this law when he 
says, “if they had boon of us, they would 
have continued with us.” 
A temporary religion, then, is a religion 
without a roof, which derives no nourish¬ 
ment from the Divine Word through the 
heart, but is sustained, while it continues, by 
something which is consistent with the reign¬ 
ing power of sin. It may bo built upon 
hopes, and may have the form of a conver¬ 
sion for tho ground work of thgso hopes; 
and may look to God with joy and thankf ul¬ 
ness as the author of the pleasant feeling 
which it entertains; and may cherish some 
kind sympathy towards the people of God ; 
and besides influencing the feelings, it may 
exert some slight power over the temper 
and moral character. But in a littlo time, 
when the fire has gone out which made such 
a blaze, and the life has left the tree which 
seemed so fair, the worthless nature of such 
religion is manifest to all men; for all men 
of a sound mind estimate the value of re¬ 
ligious character by the faithful performance 
of the statutes: and argue, from the short¬ 
lived existence of such religion, that it was 
not of the true kind.— Pres. iPoolsey in 
Nat. Preacher. 
A BIRD SEEKING LODGINGS. 
attention. Presently the “ rapping com¬ 
menced again, when the window was opened 
and in flew the little creature, apparently 
delighted to get into comfortable quarters, 
and confident of shelter and safety. After 
coursing about the room as if to bathe itself 
in the warm air, it quietly selected its place 
and depositing its head under its wing, went 
to sleep. It is difficult to say which of the 
occupants of the same apartment felt better 
satisfied with themselves, or slept more 
peacefully through the night. As the day 
broke, outbroke the bird’s grateful acknowl¬ 
edgments to the Protector of us all, in a 
song, which for so tiny a body and a stranger, 
was remarkably loud and ecstatic. It was 
nearly famished, and ate and drank with an 
enviable appetite for its breakfast. Being now 
able to take care of itself, and not choos¬ 
ing to be dependent longer on charity, the 
little fellow insisted on being released ; the 
i window was opened, and out he went, to 
share his fortune with his tribe, thanking 
his friend as well as he could for his hospi¬ 
tality.— Albany Argus. 
supposed. With, some it win dc sdjc to 
commence as early as at the age ol tour 
weeks, with others at live or six. My expe¬ 
rience with my own children, (the substance 
of which I givo below.) is this : with my first 
I commenced at about the age of four weeks; 
with my third and last, on account of a re¬ 
markable timidity, I could not accomplish 
much towards a beginning till two or three 
weeks Jaber, and oven then found it quite 
difficult. In general, however, if a parent 
is in tho habit of trying to amuse his little 
Oh urge, ho will easily discover tho proper 
time. 
The manner of doing it, is tho next thing 
to bo considered. I once knew a profes- 
. sional man who began at the early age men¬ 
tioned above, to correct his child into obc- 
dicncq, by slapping it with his hand. He 
of course accomplished nothing. The 
course that'I pursued was this : laking my 
vouirf nunil in my arms, I would endeavor 
he thatches his hut with its boughs, and 
weaves them into baskets to carry his food; 
he cools himself with a fan plaited from the 
young leaflets, and shields his head from the 
sun by a bonnet of tho leaves; sometimes 
he clothes himself with the cloth-like sub¬ 
stance which wraps round the base of the 
stalks, whose elastic rods, strung with fibres, 
are used as a taper; the larger nuts, thinned 
and polished, furnish him with a beautiful 
goblet; tho smaller ones with bowls for his 
pipes; the dry husk kindle his fires; the 
fibres are twisted into fishing-lines and cords 
for his canoes; he heals his wounds with a 
balsam, compounded from the juice of the 
nut; and with the oil extracted from its 
meat, anoints his own limbs, and embalms 
the bodies of tho dead. The noble trunk 
itself is far from being valueless. Sawn in¬ 
to posts, it upholds the islander’s dwelling; 
converted Into charcoal, it cooks his food ; 
and. supported on blocks of stone, rails in 
his land, - lie impels his canoes through the 
j water with a paddle of the wood, and goes 
to battle with Clubs and spears of the same 
hard material: 
Iis fruit-brfiring powers are not surpassed 
by any tree of tlie.kin^ in the kingdom of 
nature. An Englishman at Hawaii, who had 
lived there 16 years, fold me he had taken 
400 nuts, full grown, from one tree, in a 
single year. iTwO hundred of them, besides 
Wonderful Raspberry Bush. —Wo no¬ 
ticed in September last, the reception of 
some raspberries, from the second crop on 
the same bush, raised by Mr. P. B. Phillips, 
of Cranston. He then stated that the third 
crop was growing on the bush. On Satur¬ 
day last, he brought to our office some of 
the berries which ho assures us are from the 
fourth set of blossoms during the present year! 
The berries are not quite so large and rich 
flavored as those of tho second crop, but 
they are about the average size, and ripe. 
Ho says the bush stands in the open garden, 
but he has taken considerable pains to keep 
it well cultivated, and the ground loose 
around it. It was taken wild from tho woods, 
one year ago this month. Some parts of the 
bush have grown nine feet during the past 
season.— Prov. Mirror, JYov. 10 th. 
Tiie velvet moss will grow on a sterile 
rock, the mistletoe flourishes on the naked 
branches, the ivy clings to tho mouldering 
ruins, the pine and cedar remain fresh and 
fadeless amid the meditations of tho receding 
year; and, Heaven bo praised, something 
beautiful to see and grateful to the soul will, 
in tho darkest hour of fate, still twine its 
tendrils around the crumbling altars and 
broken arches of the desolate temples of tho 
human heart! 
Anything which an honest man would do 
of course, not to be considered as a mor- 
■Kossuth. 
The pigeon flies fifty miles in an hour. it, but simply as a duty 
