■a**" 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CHARCOAL AS 
MANURE. 
CUTTING vs. PICKING CORN—AGAIN. I KEEPING AND STARTING SWEET POTATOES STAKING AND CAP PING FENCES. CHARCOAL AS_A MANURE. THE CHESHIREJ5HEESE DISTRICT. 
Editors Bread ddTyour paper of Fob. Messes. EoiroES^oticmg an inquiry In No. 6 of our present volume we pub- c oI“ beingl, ISSS?' 51* S££fe£ 
5 ,1 saw an article over the tho signature of in the last Rural asking information in re- lished an article from a correspondent on ^ ^ J charcoal is competent to absorb! the growth of grasses, and difficult of til- 
Frank on the subject of cutting up corn, gard to keeping sweet potatoes over the the above subject, gi\ mg tne o o\wng (.1 con( j ense and contain 90 lbs.' of nitrogenous lage, its inhabitants are naturally dairy-men, 
that I think calculated to mislead the inex- winter. I send you an account of the man- rections : gases—these gases by the first rain are J and it has been particularly distinguished 
that I think «lc“Iatoa to m s c . successfully kept them. Cut your stakes about one foot shorter Washed out, find their way into the soil, ! for many centuries for its manufacture o 
penenced, and as ho mutes suggestions, I ner m ™‘ ‘ p over a small quan- than stakes that are to be driven into the where they are seized upon by the roots of j cheese. Its distinction mthisr spect.does 
will venture a few thoughts on the subject. If I only wish to keep over a smau^ quan ^ the cap on the fourth rail (or | the plants; the clarcoal remains, to re-ab- | not appear to be the result of remarkable 
I agree with Frank, that it is less labor tity, merely for seed, I take (a am 10 as R ear the middle height of the fence,) length- sorb other gases, give them out as food to j skill or peculiar dairy processes, but is pi ob- 
to harvest corn when left to ripen on the of Ocfi her or first of November.) some pots w j ge ( ns tead of across the fence, as is the the plants, as before stated, and thus keep i ably due to the paiticulai varieties o ici- 
ctalk than in anv other wav but if feed for or boxes of convenient size to contain tho common practice. This will fetch both up a continuous action favorable to vegeta- bage, to the natural production of whicD, 
stalk titan m ’‘ ,1 “ " Lutoes without cutting or breaking them, stakes on the same side of the fence.- hie growth. Charcoal has other substances, the properties of its soil and perhaps of its 
cattle is the object, I think that I can do- potatoes w .tl ou e g « Tho y should not bo driven into tho ground, essential to the life of plants within its body climate, are particularly favorable, 
monstrate that it is the very best economy and fill two-thirds full of good nen sanuj J he ^ ghould be fitted if necessary, besides carbon, which are washed out, and 1 he grounds tor this conclusion are the 
to cut up corn close to the ground, and soil, on which I place as many potatoes as go that the stakes may lock the corner of- and exert their influence in building up the general value placed by the farmers upon 
shock it before the first frost, hut as near can, without having them touch each other. f ectua lly. ' vegetable structure and its fruits. If it be, their old pastures, where the natural as- 
..a_ nun, A™ a T nnvnr tlinm about half an inch mu.. +u,v SnnAnvn Planter rle- as contended, indestructible—and we believe 1 sortment of herbage may be considered to 
shock it before the first frost, but as near can, without having them touch each other. f ec tually. 
the time of frost as possible, unless the corn This done, I cover them about half an inch rph 0 edRor 0 f the Southern Planter de-* 
should become nearly ripe; in which case I deep, and place the pots or boxes in a warm g j res a farther explanation, and asks.— 
persons 01 my acquaintance ueiievc uuu* me wen uu m w -- —j — meant tnat tj 
corn is sounder and more nutritious when well up, they should be kept growing slow- j ock The 
harvested in this way than when left to ri- ly through the winter, and by spring there tbe ma tter. 
pen on tho hill. * will be slips in plenty for early planting.— ^ 
A 11 acre of corn planted three and one- As my room froze on cold nights, I had a 
half feet apart, each way, will contain near- tight box prepared in which I placed my // ^ 
lv two thousand hills. Ifi the corn is such plants at night, taking them out after tho 
as we raise in central Ohio, five hills will room was warm in tho morning. As much 
make a good feed for one cow after the corn light as possible should be given the plants, 
is husked off. This, at the rate of ten hills without getting them frosted. ® W0U 
per day would afford feed for two hundred When larger quantities are to be kept ^ ter ’ a " 
vegetable structure and its fruits. If it be, j their old pastures, where the natural as- 
as contended, indestructible—and we believe sortment of herbage may be considered to 
it is only comparatively so,—and it only 1 have entirely obtained and taken the place 
acted as*a condenser of ammonia and car- j of tho limited number of varieties which 
bonic acid and assimilated with oxygen, its are artificially sowed, tho lact that the but- 
offices in this respect would exert a most ■ ter of the district is not, as a general rule, 
friendly effect in promoting vegetable life, ! highly esteemed, and that I cannot learn 
The following figure will explain I by catering for these three essential gases, that the process of cheese-making differs 
0 louowin * n ^ u e P and holding them in store for the plants.— any more from that of other districts m 
Liebig, who among many other chemists I England or the United States, than between 
maintains its indestructibility, says : 
different dairies producing cheese of equal 
“ Charcoal is the most ‘indifferent,’ and value in the district itself, 
most unchangeable substance known; it may is hy no means to be inferred liowever, 
he kept for centuries without a change, and that the quality of cheese is not affected by 
is therefore not subject to decomposition.— the process of manufacture. There is no 
The onlv substances which it can yield to doubt that the skill and nicety of a superior 
succeeded well in the following 111 No - ' of thc 
with the ends n 
days, which is as long as cattle want feeding over, I have succeeded well m the following 
in our longest winters. My experience manner: 
proves that cattle fed on corn fodder, well- I lay them down in boxes or barrels of 
saved, will do much better than when kept convenient size, in clean sand, placing a layer 
on the best of hay. If any one can keep a of sand and then a layer of potatoes, till 
cow or steer two hundred days on less than the box is full; care being taken that the 
one and one-half tons of hay, and keep potatoes do not touch each other. After 
W1U1 L1JU uuua IllUUIiY 1JWV.MVVJU. LlUUlcLliy UU mum; aviu. xv kj j , c * . • * 1 . 
“ liner : . v . * , beill£r dr awn to the proper tightness around of this power that the roots of plants are made in the United States is quite equal to 
I lay them down m boxes or barrels of bem g c ‘ ia " n ™ tne P ropei 1 » supplied in charcoal exactly as in humus, the best I have tasted here, but the average 
nvenient size, in clean sand, placing a layer the stakes, instead of wooden caps. ^ atm bcre of car bonic acid and quality is by no means equal to the average 
. . .-n -—-- - —- . , . 1 . • 1 _ . . . 1.1 _:* r_ „v. nnalit.v of (IhoRinro (Ineeso. 
BEES--THE BEE MOTH, &c. 
air which is received as quickly as it is ab- quality of Cheshire Cheese, 
stracted ” ‘ ^ Superiority m the manufacture seems not 
Again, he says “ Charcoal in a state of to depend, however, upon any describablo 
powder must be considered as a very power- peculiarities of the process, which differs m 
f„l moans of nromotine the growth of plants no essential particular from that common m 
one and one-half tons of hay, and keep potatoes do not touch each other. After Eds. Rural :—In No. 112 of the Rural, pow d‘ cr nius t be considered as a very power- peculiarities of the process, which differs in 
them in good condition, he can do better packing in the above manner, I place the the question is asked by your correspondent, } u i means of promoting the growth of plants no essential particular from that common in 
than I. If a stalk-cutter is used to cut the boxes or barrels near a stove or fire-place, whether bees in trees are troubled with the on heavy soils, and particularly on such as our dairies. Excellence is well understood 
stalks they will go much further. turning them frequently. If there should moth like those in the common hive. I have though de- in aUthe irnp^iLmrcmplo^a^d upon 
Cattlo may do well on a field where tho be danger of frost in the room during the noticed in this section, that the mostot those « win oc perceiveuncre._i.uu i u ^_ ^ „ lir ; fv !>T „i tfimnnwitnra of the 
Cattle may do well on a field where tho be danger of frost in the room during tne noticed in tins section, tnat tne most 01 tnose n U " indestructibility Liebig imputes to the purity and moderate temperature of the 
corn has been husked on the stalk for a night, they should be wrapped in thick swarms that have been found in the trees itac ) ivc powers, an d admits that the salts it atmosphere. Means to secure the latter 
while, directly after the corn is taken off, blankets. I have omitted to state that I have been destroyed by tho moth tho first con tains independent of the carbon, will be are used much the same as with us. Stoves 
but in the latter part of winter it will be have succeeded best when the sand has been season. During the last fall I found seve- separated from it and given up to the plants, and hot-water pipes are sometimes employ- 
nearly valueless, besides requiring a much ,„«*!. The sweet potato eannot bo kept in ral small swarms at different times hanging and that “ charcoal in a .state,of powder 
larger amount of ground to produce the a cellar over the winter here at the “North, in my bee yard, which I supposed had been rn ^ ang 0 £ p r0 moting the growth of plants.” one story, it is considered essential that it 
same amount of feed. A man would be so far as my knowledge extends. They in- driven from trees by the bee moth.—they Tbig ig bi< j b autbor j ty f ov the meliorating should have a thatched roof. In some ca- 
thought a very poor farmer who should variably perish or decay. It cannot exist in had nothing to winter on. and sought some p 0WCr 0 f charcoal, and we hold it to be un- scs Av here the roof has been slated, it has 
leave his hay to whiten in the storms and dormant* state where the temperature for other place. My method in protecting bees important whether its action be direct or Poll S nf'thn 
frosts of autumn, before securing it. Tho any length of time falls much below 50 do- from the moth is, to raise the hive about indirect, ,i£ it acts as a powerful meausjn farm bouse plank B ‘ holve9 are more gen- 
effect of frost and wet on corn fodder must grees of Fahrenheit. half an inch from the board on which it sets, wbat ;t may is equally salutary equally erally used, and are esteemed better than 
be the same ; as corn fodder is coarser it If you think this scribbling of any use to with small blocks, and see that tho worms bcne ficial. and its powers for good must be stone. _ ..... 
mnv not suffer as much, but a larae share vour readers, vou are welcome to insert it j do not collect around the blocks; I have never admitted. But we are not so sure, that if char- Not only is there no uniformity in the 
ing $0,75; extra expense of husking, $0,50; 
securing the fodder, $0,75. This is a liber¬ 
al allowance for corn that will yield from 75 
to 100 bushels per acre. If my calculations 
Roya’.ton, N. Y., 185‘2. 
JAMES CULVER. 
SOWING GRASS SEED. 
As tho season of tho year in which far- 
bo set near a grove of bushes of some kind, j cite tbe su bstance as to extract food direct- employed in any parts of the process, or as 
that does not attain to a great height, that n y f r0 m it, independent of that which it may t0 the temperature of any ingredients.— 
birds may bo tempted to brood in them. I ! have obtained through its powers of con- ' l hus the degree <)f heat at setting the milk, 
lv ™ soon tho little follows pass from hive densing, assimilating and liberating tho ho- although the sk,II to fed when .t is right is 
haie seen tne little ienows pass irom mve £ Qre (ijfumerated gases deemed highly important, is almost never 
to hive in search of the moth, and thoy will prof> Rodcrerg j n ' hi‘ s excellent work 011 measured, even in the best dairies. Tho 
I be<>' leave to communicate through the 1 catch the most of them, and thus savo the 
columns of tho Rural, a few thoughts to 
my fellow farmers, respecting the quantity 
of seed that should be sown on an aero, in 
bees. The best bush I have found for this 
purpose is the quince. It is low, with thick 
fed hay to my work horses, and have not in , SQme meang beca ’ me twice as thickly seed- For a number of years, I have hived from it evolves carbonic acid in its decomposition, 
that time had a horse troubled with heaves ^ ag otber parts of the field, produced 40 to 70 swarms in a year, and have never Rs d l ^e r ful\ntL?tic properties re.lder it 
though my stock of horses has numbered. doublo fcbe quant ity of feed, and that of a known but one that has left the premises, yer * ugeful t0 youn r g an( i tender plants, hy 
from 6 to 12. Previous to that time occa- gupor j or q Uabt y. Whenever the seed is and very seldom had to hive one the second keepingthesoilfreeofputrefyingsubstan- 
sionally a horse would become unsound with g0WI1 spar i 1V rl y the croi) consists (if the sea- time. Joseph Dunlap. ces, which would otherwise destroy their 
heaves. on bo we tVof large coarse overgrown Ovid, N. Y., March, 1852. spongioles and prevent their growth. 
My work horses are all led with oats in gtalkg . and> on t he other hand, if the season " “ KAiSnG^EARLEyT in France, 1 LvTlhown'thaUtls apowerful 
bundle, cut short with one 01 feantords drv _ t be snires of crass will be small and - means of nromotinsr the growth of vegeta- 
straw cutters, and wet betoro seeding. It £ ew Py thick sowing we get the ground 
the horse is but lightly worked, this is all c0inp l e t e ly covered, which prevents the too 
superior quality. Whenever tho seed is and very seldom had to hive one the second 
sown sparingly tho crop consists (if tho sea- time. Joseph Dunlap. 
son he wet,) of large, coarse, overgrown Ovid, N. Y., March, 1852. ^ _ 
stalks; and,on the other hand,if the season “RAISING EARLEY.” 
be dry, the spires of grass will he small and 
—- “‘'BXprfrom thMiyrite P^Hcairesnlts i than this. The. reporter thought that a 
ARLEY.” in France, have shown that it is a powerful tempeiature of 50 would be most..ppro\< d 
means of promoting the growth of vegeta- j throughout tne year. I never saw or heard 
In your paper of bles—excellent crops of wheat have been of ice being used m any va\ m a C ncs me 
raisin O- hnrlfiv over nrnwn. where no other manure was used.— dairy. aids and Talks oj an Amei icon 
“RAISING EARLEY.” 
that is needed. II better feed is required, gpeedv evaporation of moisture from tho 
meal or grain of any kind may be added.— gurfaCG of tbe Boil . 
The horse is always ready tor work, and tho ^ be seed bo sown f 0 r the sole purpose 
feed is cheaper than hay and grain. o £ obtaining seed again, 1 think that thick 
Horses not worked, and colts, are fed sow j n g -vf 0U ld. not be the most profitable, be- 
witli hay, corn-stalks or straw, and nm at causc 0 f £fi e extreme smallness of the heads, 
large during the day. I have not had a j T 1 t whiph T Mm almnt. snedimr 
,v. By thick sowing we get the ground Eds. New-Yorker :—In your paper of bles—excellent crops of wheat have been _ 
mpletely covered, which prevents the too Feb. 19, is an article on raising barley, over grown, where no other manure was used.— 'jn'j^J'land 
evaporation ol' ,noi,ur„ from tho the signature of Faei.ee D, the general 
rface of the soil. scope ot which I do not desire to controvert uged tbo rofuge coke of tbe gas house, made TH£ L0 J 
If the seed bo sown for the solo purpose but only to correct some errors into which f rom bituminous coal, upon red clay soil 
obtaining seed again, 1 think that thick he has fallen, lie says, “barley is nearly with the happiest and most marked effects. 
wing would not be tho most profitable, be- or quite as heavy as corn.” The legal weight American A at mer. _ 
use of the extreme smallness of the heads* of barley is 48 lbs. per bushel. In good EARLY POTATOES. 
are correct, and I believe them liberal, we mers generally sow grass seed has arrived, to hive in search of the moth, and thoy will P) . ob Roc ]aors. in his excellent work on measured, even in the best dairies. The 
have a large margin for.profits. I b eg leave to communicate through the catch the most of them, and thus savo tho « Scientific Agriculture,” in speaking of quantity of rennet is guessed at, and its 
A Buckeye Farmer. columns of the Rural, a few thoughts to bees. The best bush I have found for this Charcoal as a manure, uses this language: strength not exactly known. 1 he (|uaiitijy 
Granvil le, Ohio, Feb.^ 52._my follow farmers, respecting tho quantity purpose is the quince. It is low, with thick “9^ sweating'curing 6 of' the "che^" when 
HEAVES IN HORSES. of seed that should be sown on an acre, in foliage out earlier than most trees. If you ig a v;dua bl e addition to the soil; its opera- made, is left to be accidental. 
order to obtain the largest quantity and best do not wish to climb high after the swarms, t j Qn ag manure i s not so direct as some With regard to some ot these points, liow- 
Eds. Rural: —In several numbers of your q ua i;ty 0 f feed, whether intended for mow- supply them with the quince bushes and 0 £ ber manures; that is, it is not so useful . ever, it has been tound (as repm m d to the 
aperl have noticed prescriptions for the j * pasture. I have sometimes thought you can reach them from the ground, and on account of any element which it furnish- i Jjoyal Agricultural >.ocietyt tnat in some ot 
_ i _ i,A„n= An nlil aDfio-n ® . a , , .. i._ ii.. i.„i„ *i.a u:„i* +1,**:*. no in nlan+o ns hv tho intermediate office , tne Dest dailies tne n.UK. mik ii ,,u igt i u oo 
water (generally lour square inches) were 
used to make the cheese from fifty gallons 
of milk, and 1 lb. to 1 lb. 4 ounces salt to 
the same Quantity. It is thought that the 
large during the day. I have not had a j baye ten acres w hich I am about seeding seasons it will weigh a trifle more, and in 
horse get tho heaves when entirely exempt dowl q and j intend to sow at the rate of five poor ones, a trifle less. 
Geo. H. Nichols, of W^st Amesbury, 
from labor, oven when fed with bad hay, q Uar ts of Timothy and three quarts of Clo 
nor when fed with uuthreshod oats, cut and O *rori npm T dn not know nnsi 
Farmer 
’, a , , . . , * Mass writes to the Ploughman :—I saw you ' save the trouble that often arises from cat- 
• D. says “ barley requires just such J mcrg in one 0 f your numbers last tie running at large in summer. If the road 
wet before feeding. 
Fairmount, N. Y.. March 1, 1S5Q. 
DUNDEE SALT. 
E. Marks. 
enco. H. Fish. 
Patchins Mil’s, Steuben Co , N. Y., March, 1852. 
The attention of tho public, and of tho - gand 
Legislature has been called to specimens of Western Farming. — A correspondent ^ 
Salt, from the Dundee salt works, at Dun- writing from Kane Co.. Ill., says:—“If you & 
dee, Yates Co., N. Y. Thus far, we believe, wish to know how wo do it out west, I would ' 
private enterprizo has alone been employed say that last year I farmed three hundred and . 
in experimenting with this saline springs. twenty acres, seventy of which in the spring ^ 
A quantity of the salt made by Mr. Asa 0 f 1851, was unbroken prairie. It was bro- ^ 
Hdlpurt, for Geo. P. Rose, has been an- ken during the summer, and a part planted ya ". eg irom 5u ou uusuew ^ JL ----, - , 
alyzed by Prof. Chilton, of New York. In to corn'on thejsod, some sown to buckwheat, , . C0Ilsi( j e red a fair difference. I carried potatoes into New- , pleasant to theeye—moio p.- a. . >■ ioi inose 
Dud jmrt Imd ,, ^ Of ^ IS 
m the State, as will appeal by tho certified two hundred and fifty acres, one le hag boen gma p and the price higher. „ r0W n • his were small. I carried off 1G4 meet pass them, and. in short, more pleasant 
result; one thousand parts alter being tho- and fifty were in barley, eighty m corn, fit- Farmer D. says “the Wost will not com- bushels marketable potatoes from July 12, for every purpose, whether as a pas.uro for 
roughly dried were found to yield, Chloride teen in oats, and five acres of gardening and wRb ug on tbig gra ; n » s eve ral thou- up to August 6. I had about 2| acres plant- , cattle or a highway tor travelers. Me. tar. 
of Sodium 995.27 ; chloride of Calcium and roots. I had about 3.800 bushels of barley, P „. , , . last season ed four feet between tho rows, and six inches | ----- 
Magnesium 4 42 • Carbonate of limo &o. 31. worth 32 cents; sod and old land corn, 4,000 sands of busheU came to Buffalo last season edrills my ridges wore broad and flat ; F, .owing H*ADLAKn8.-\Ve observe that 
to the Lei- bushels, worth 28 emits; and oats, 800 bush- from Wisconsin, and was transported to j hoed twice ... : this „ often inconveniently and awkw.ir.Uy 
Application nas Deen mauc 10 me ire is ’ ’ , ’ , , f Albany. -—- done. The best way is to leave strips of 
lature to have them provide by law, for the els,-worth la cents. ^ iotat , ,b_u du. e s .» ^ good well cultivated land, kept in high He that accustoms himself to buy super- : untouched land at the sides as w< 11 as at 
working of this spring upon a plan similar gram, worth $ 2,450. - _ POT1 dition wheat mav advantageously follow fluities, may, ere long, be obliged to sell his the ends of the field, all of equal width, and 
to those of Onondaga Co. We trust the ex- _ County Fair —The Annual l nrW ’ * em necessaries. | then the whole is finished by going round 
perirnenc will succeed—thus opening an- Fa ® of X BeMsdaor County Agricthural co., ^ 
pickles 
THE “LONG PASTURE.” 
A writer in the March No. of tho Albany 
Cultivator, on the subject of “ the long pas¬ 
ture,” suggests the propriety of converting 
the outside or margin of the road into a 
meadow, to be-mowed annually for winter¬ 
ing certain cattle, and thereby, we suppose, 
As a general thing, the 
are merely locations 
. and everything that 
if the merely traveled 
varies from 30 to 50 bushels per acre. In ished planting 
> rof. Chilton, of New York. In to corn'on the>od, some sown to buckwheat, , . cons ;d e red a fair difference. I carried potatoes into New-, pleasant to the eye—-mt 
wm superior to any now made and part had no crop. Of the remaining buryport market ten days sooner; the first ; who have occasional y 
„ M will wear hv the certified - two I bwl a,„l fifty acres, one hundred Y™? Dum « the last two years the cop ^ in; they were nearly all nil : path to le any ear s 
Magnesium 4,42; Carbonate of lime, &c., 31. 
Application has been made to the Legis- 
wqrking of this spring upon a plan similar 
to those of Onondaga Co. We trust the ex¬ 
grain, worth $2,450.’ 
to tupse OI uiiuuuag* ou. vr u ,x c- Renssrlaer County Fair.— The Annual 
perinjent will succeed thus opening an- jr> a j r 0 f tb 0 Rensselaer County Agricultural 
other spurqo of trade and profit to one of Society is to be hold on the 21st, 22d and 
tho finest counties of the State. t 23d days of September next. 
Expend less than you earn, 
Weeds that grow unmolested around the with one continuous furrow uiuil it is fin- 
fences, stumps and stones, scatter their seeds ished close-to the fence, in this way none 
over the farm, and are very likely to grow, oi the newly plowed ground is trodden hard. 
