124 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
Poetry l>y Miss Hazard. 
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Bright birds pour forth their varied lays, Streams, brooks and rills u-nite their praise; And when amid thy bow’rs we rove We hear thy soft, soft tones of love. 
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Then, then to thee, Oh! gentle Spring, Fresh garlands of the night we’ll bring; And on the fragrant, grassy green We’ll dance to thee, thou Fairy Queen. 
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dubnrntionnl Jejinrtnmif. 
BY L. WETHER-ELL. 
WESTERN HOUSE CE REFUGE, 
It appears from tlio “ Third Annual Ile- 
- port of the Managers of the Western House 
of Refuge for the Reformation of Juvenile 
Delinquents,” that the Institution is in a 
prosperous condition, that is to say, if mem¬ 
bers constitute prosperity. There are now 
130 boys within the walls of the institution 
—fed, clothed and instructed at the expense 
of the State. The average age of these 
hoys is about 13 years. Of the G3 re¬ 
ceived from Jan. 1, 1851, to Jan. 1852, 28 
are Americans, 20 Irish, G French, 3 Eng¬ 
lish, 2 Scotch, 1 German, 1 Swiss, and 2 
arc colored. Thirty had lost one parent, 4 
had lost both; the parents of 6 were sepa¬ 
rated and the parents of 34, either one or 
both were intemperate. Of the whole num¬ 
ber received within the last year, 25 or 
nearly one-half were received from Monroe 
county—Erie county being the next largest 
patron of the institution. 
Of the 24 who left the institution during 
the year, “ One was indentured to a printer, 
2 to farmers, 1 to a carriage-maker, 1 to an 
iron-founder, 1 to a chair-maker, 6 were al¬ 
lowed to ship for whaling voyages, 2 were 
pardoned by the Governor, 1 escaped, and 
8 were discharged to the care of their pa¬ 
rents or guardians; 2 of the latter number 
were committed in feeble health and were 
detained but a short time in the house.” 
The boys were employed during the year 
under contract with Wm. D. Brooks, in the 
manufacture of cane chair-seats, and with 
Messrs. Theron Ives & Co., in manufactur¬ 
ing whips, at an average of 12 cants per day 
for every boy employed. 
The clothing of the inmates is all made 
in the house, giving employment to 5 boys; 
8 are employed in the domestic department, 
and during the season of gardening and 
.farming from 4 to 8 boys were required to 
perform tho labor of these departments.— 
The horticultural and agricultural produc¬ 
tions, together with the beef and pork fat 
tened, were estimated to be worth $858,65. 
The amount received at the gate from 
visiters during the year was $168,17, which 
sum is appropriated to the support and in¬ 
crease of the library. 
Only 31 boys have been.discharged from 
the IIouso of Refuge since it was first open¬ 
ed. From these the Superintendent says 
that he has a very satisfactory account, with 
very few exceptions; and in no case have 
we any evidence that any have returned to 
their former vicious practices. 
The teacher, J. M. Denton, Esq., a Nor- 
malito, gives a very gratifying account of 
the school, to which we can bear testimony 
from what wo saw on a recent visit in com¬ 
pany with two of the Managers. The school 
was very orderly and the scholars seemed 
to bo very attentive. The improvement in 
writing was remarkably good—we have rare¬ 
ly, if ever, seen better in any school that 
we have visited. And why should there not 
be boys here of bright intellectual powers ? 
—for ou r attention was directed to tho son 
of' a clergyman, to another of a noted phy¬ 
sician, to a third of a county clerk, and to 
still a fourth, who is a son of a bank presi¬ 
dent—when we were led to inquire, “What 
other distinguished gentlemen have sons 
here ?” 
Is it not most remarkable that parents 
should allow themselves to be so deeply in¬ 
volved in business — “ to be so engrossed 
with the cares of life, or to be so occupied 
with other matters, however important, that 
they are compelled to entrust the instruc¬ 
tion and training of their children to hire¬ 
lings ?” Yet this is even so—aye, more— 
the children of many such negligent parents 
are convicted criminals, sent to the House 
of Refuge for reformation and instruction. 
Tho House of Refuge in Western New 
York, has already cost about twice as much 
as all the public school-houses in the city of 
Rochester. In tho city more than 6,000 
children are receiving intellectual culture— 
while at tho Refuge, only 130 are receiving- 
instruction. What a difference between the 
expense of educating children after they 
become criminals, contrasted with the cost 
of instructing them before they have thus 
degraded themselves ! What an awful re¬ 
sponsibility rests upon such parents, wheth¬ 
er ministers or laymen, honorables or ple- 
bians, who aro filling the prison houses, and 
houses of reformation over our Republic 
with children under 16 years of age. Thrice 
blessed, is “single blessedness,” when com¬ 
pared with tho connubial state that multi¬ 
plies candidates for such institutions as the 
State, from necessity, has been compelled 
to provido for the instruction and reforma¬ 
tion of Juvenile Delinquents, made such 
either from neglect or want of fidelity and 
skill in training. 
COMMON SCHOOLS AT THE SOUTH. 
Several papers in South Carolina aro be¬ 
ginning to speak on the importance of mak¬ 
ing education more general. The editor of 
one of the papers has addressed a circular 
to most of the governors of the States, ask¬ 
ing to be informed concerning the results of, 
their common school systems, and their an- ‘ 
swers have been published. He has pledged 
his paper, and called upon the public press 
of the State to aid in this great reform. He 
does this under the impression that “ they 
have no system at all,” and that what is true 
of South Carolina is true of every other 
Southorn Atlantic State. None of them 
have a system of Common Schools deserv¬ 
ing the name. Tho subject has received lit¬ 
tle or no attention, either by Conventions or 
Legislature. The South is just beginning 
to find out that it is necessary to educate the 
masses. 
Let the South be planted all over with 
School houses like New England and New 
York, and a change will come over the spirit 
of their institutions. The physical, no less 
than the moral and religious condition of a 
State depends upon universal education.— 
This is tho lever by which our Southern 
^brethren must elevate themselves to a posi¬ 
tion where they may compete successfully 
with tho North. 
NEW PUBLICATIONS. 
Untural Burton]. 
THE RATTLESNAKE AND HIS ENEMIES 
Normal Schools, and other Institutions, Agen¬ 
cies and means Designed for the Professional 
Education of Teachers. By Henry Barnard, 
Superintendent of Common Schools of Con¬ 
necticut. Part I.—United States and British 
Provinces. Part II.—Europe. Hartford : Case, 
Tiffany it Co. 
This will be found an exceedingly inter¬ 
esting and useful book for all who arc de¬ 
sirous of acquainting themselves, either with 
the History of Normal Schools in tho United 
States, British Provinces, and Europe, or 
the best methods of educating instructors. 
All tho various means and agencies design¬ 
ed for the Professional Education of Teach¬ 
ers are examined and discussed. Lectures, 
addresses, reports and remarks upon these 
topics, by Drs. Gallaudet, Ciianning, Rob¬ 
bins, Stowk,-Putnam, Potter, and Humph¬ 
rey —and by Honorables Daniel Webster, 
Horace Mann, John Quincy Adams, Edward 
Everett, Robert Rantoul, and others, aro 
embraced in this work, which should be in 
every Teacher’s Library, and also in the 
Library of every School District. Few men 
have done more for tho cause of public in¬ 
struction than tho author of this work, Hen¬ 
ry ^arnard. Price $2. For salo at D. 
Hoyt’s and D. M. Dewey’s in Rochester; 
Steele’s, in Buffalo; also, by the booksel¬ 
lers in Albany. Part First, in paper covers, 
may he had for fifty cents. 
A Christian Minister’s Appeal to the Religious 
Public, against the Unholy Allianace of Fanati¬ 
cism, Rumism, Rowdyism, Infidelity and Pride, 
which excluded him from his pulpit. 
This is a well written pamphlet from the 
pen of tho Rev. W. II. Doherty, late pastor 
of the Unitarian Church, in this city. For 
sale by I). M. Dewey, Arcade Hall. 
Water Drinking. —Prof. Silliman closed 
his recent course of Lectures, at the Smith¬ 
sonian Institute, by giving the following ex¬ 
cellent advice to young men : 
“ If you wish for a clear mind, strong mus¬ 
cles, quiet nerves, and long life and power 
prolonged into old ago, permit mo to say, 
although I am not giving a temperance lec¬ 
ture, avoid all drinks but water, and mild 
infusions of that fluid : shun tobacco, and 
everything else that disturbs the normal state 
of the system; rely upon nutritious food and 
mild diluent drinks, of which water is the 
basis, and you will need nothing beyond 
these, except rest and the due regulation of 
all your powers, to give you long and happy 
and useful lives, and a serene evening at tho 
close.” 
Laziness begins in cob-webs, and ends in 
iron chains. 
The rattlesnake has a superior foe in tho 
deer and black-snake. Whenever a buck 
discovers a rattlesnake in a situation which 
invites attack, he loses no time in preparing 
for battle. Ho makes up within ten or 
twelve feet of tho snake—then leaps forward 
and aims to sever the body of the snake with 
his sharp hoofs. The first onset is most 
commonly successful; tho buck repeats the 
trial till he cuts tho snake in twain. Tho ra¬ 
pidity and fatality of his skillful maneuver 
leaves hut little chance for his victim to es¬ 
cape or eject his poison into his more alert 
antagonist. 
The black-snake is also more than an equal 
competitor against the rattlesnake. When 
tho black-snake and rattlesnake are about to 
meet for battle, the former darts forward at 
the height of his speed, and strikes at the 
neck of tho latter with unerring certainty, 
leaving a foot or two of his own body at lib¬ 
erty. In an instant he encircles him within 
five or six folds, and then stops and looks 
tho strangling and gasping foe in the face, 
to ascertain the cfi'ect produced on his cor¬ 
seted body. If ho shows signs of life, tho 
coils aro multiplied, and tho screws tighten¬ 
ed—the operator all tho while narrowly 
watching the countenance of his helpless vic¬ 
tim. Thus the two remain thirty or forty 
minutes—the executioner then slackens one 
coil, noticing at the same time whether any 
signs of life appear; if so, tho coil is resumed 
and retained till the incarcerated wretch is 
entirely dead. The moccasin-snake is de¬ 
stroyed in the same manner. 
A CANINE MAGISTRATE. 
Many aro the parallels sought to run be¬ 
tween tho genus homo and the canine race. 
Men and dogs possess many traits in com¬ 
mon, the one taking such manners as they 
are not horn to from tho other. We will 
tell one more instance of the natural or ac¬ 
quired sagacity of the latter. The agent, of 
the American Express Co., in this city owns 
a noble New Foundland dog, whoso blood 
we bolievo is crossed by that of a still no¬ 
bler breed, the St. Bernard. Ho is a right 
majestic animal, and tho incident we have 
to relate may prove him magisterial also.— 
Two inferior dogs got into a quarrel on the 
walk near the Express office, and had wor¬ 
ried and wrangled for some time, in a style 
as disgraceful as anything seen in Congress, 
since the descent of that body from its 
aforetime dignity. Seeing that the difficul¬ 
ty was not to ho ended at once, tho old fel¬ 
low, who had been watching the combatants 
from a little distance, advanced slowly to 
the fighters, and raising his paw, gave them 
a cuff upon tho head, at the sarrio timo look¬ 
ing stern reproof at tho youngsters. One 
of them turned tail and tied incontinently, 
whilo tho other looked up at the Patriarch, 
wagged his tail mildly in acknowledgement 
of his rank and authority, and trotted off’. 
This was witnessed by several persons, who 
struck with admiration at the conduct of tho 
dog, conferred upon him the title of “ Peace¬ 
maker.” May his shadow never be less.— 
Roch. Democrat. 
The gates of Constantinople, which were 
made of cypress, stood entire from tho time 
of Constantino, their founder, to that of 
Pope Eugene IV., a period of 1,100 years. 
GOD BEFORE US. 
“ I have set ihe Lord always before me.” said the sweet 
singer of Israel. The passage was suggested to our mind 
as we read the following lines from the pen of Mr. Pren¬ 
tice, editor of the Louisville Journal To our apprehen¬ 
sion, they furnish a most expressive commentary upon 
(he sentiment of the Psalmist, above quoted.— Ch.' Secre¬ 
tary. 
I think of thee when eve’s last blush 
Falls mournfully on heart and eye; 
Of thee when morn’s first-glories gush 
1 n gold and cri mson o’er Ihe sky; 
My thoughts are thine tnid toil and strife, 
Thine when from toil and peril free; 
Ay, thine—forever thine; my life 
is but a living thought of thee. * 
I think of thee mid spring’s sweet flowers, 
And in the summer’s brighter glow; 
Of thee in autumn’s purple bowers. 
And gloomy winter’s waste of snow. 
My thoughts are thine when joys depart, 
And thine when all life’s sorrows flee ; 
Ay, thine—forever thine; my heart 
fs but a throbbing thought of thee. 
THE VOYAGE OF LIFE. 
There is a sea over which every human 
soul must pass. It is tho sea of life. In it 
there lieth a beautiful island, presenting 
scenes of tho most attractive loveliness, ver¬ 
dant plains, dotted hero and there with 
groves of cool, refreshing shade, and springs 
of perennial flow. From within there is ever 
heard a siren voice singing in tones of 
silvery sweetness, enticing the approach of 
tho unwary mariner. Extending around 
that isle is a dangerous ridge, called “ The 
rocky shore of infidelity, whose deep roots, 
extending far into tho ocean’s depths, are 
pregnant with eternal death.” Safely to pass 
these rocks, is to rqach'yon distant shore— 
tho land of immortality. 
Once, standing upon an eminence, I be¬ 
held two noble vessels sail from the port 
called “ Present,” bound for the land of 
eternal day. The foremost of these, I no¬ 
ticed, sailed with “Reason ” for her pilot.— 
Upon her banner was inscribed “ Sovereign 
Intellect.” Beneath was written, “Under 
the teachings of reason we live—under her 
wo swear to stand, with her to sink.” I 
watched with eager interest, as she neared 
tho dangerous pass. Her crew, trusting to 
the seductive promises of their idol god, 
were lulled to rest, slumbering in fancied 
security. But ah ! I saw her driven by tho 
furious waves over quicksands and shoals, 
and hurled with awful fury into tho jaws of 
destruction. Dashed upon those treacher¬ 
ous rocks, she was driven to atoms, and 
floated a moral wreck, precipitating her 
frenzied crew to certain death, which lurked 
beneath those foaming billows. Then I cried, 
“Oh! porverted reason, how hast thou blight¬ 
ed tho fond hope of man. Borne by thee 
upon the whirlpool of action, man is en- 
gulphod in tho circling tide of self-destruc¬ 
tion, and buried in the dark depths of de¬ 
spair.” 
I turned to look upon tho other, resolved 
to watch her destiny also. Upon her ban¬ 
ner I read “ Supreme Jehovah.” Beneath 
was written “Tho Bible,” tho teachings of 
which are necessary to safely pilot us over 
tho dangerous soa of life. I beheld her, too, 
approach the fatal spot, but under tho clear 
light afforded by her Divine Teacher, she 
threaded the dangerous rocks in safety, and 
then guided by the star of righteousness, 
which shone from above the throne of Hod, 
she neared the glorious confines of Heaven. 
There innumerable multitudes of regene¬ 
rated souls tuned their harps with holiest 
symphonies, and with seraphic songs of 
richest melody, welcomed thqir entrance to 
the portals of unending life. 
II. G. Eastman. 
Marshall, N. Y., April 3d, 1P52. 
INTELLIGENT PIETY- 
It is tho glory of tho gospel that it de¬ 
mands an intelligent mind. While other 
systems of religion may adopt the maxim 
that “ ignorance is the mother of devotion,” 
the gospel frowns indignantly upon all igno¬ 
rance, and commands us all to lie able to 
give a reason for tho hope that is in us.— 
Every duty implies an intelligent view of 
the corresponding truth. Repentance sup¬ 
poses that wo have a correct view of sin; 
iaitli is connected with a knowledge of the 
sacrifice of Christ; obedience, with a knowl¬ 
edge of the great principles of the Divine 
law; love, with distinct views of the charac¬ 
ter of God; submission, with a perception 
of the excellence of the divine government; 
prayer, with a recognition of our depend¬ 
ence ; and giving for tho spread of tho 
gospel, with correct information respecting 
the wants of a ruined world and the prin¬ 
ciples involved in our stewardship. 
Now if you perform these, or any other 
duties because it is customary, or from a 
blind impulse, not knowing why. nor caring 
why, you dishonor tho God that is above, 
and misuse tho noble capacities and powers 
with which you were formed. You also 
inevitably secure the derision of the world. 
A fanatic is the scorn of every reasonable 
man. Do secures no confidence, commands 
no influence. 
But if men discover that you not only act 
uprightly, but also intelligently, they will 
respect your motives, honor your character, 
anti feel tho power of your example. In¬ 
telligent zeal and effort in a good cause can¬ 
not fail to do good. Grow then, in knowl¬ 
edge, a3 well as in grace.— Gen. Evangelist. 
