186 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
quite despaired of finding the money. At 
length, however, they gave up the search, 
and the land was planted with corn ; when, 
from the deep digging, pulverization and 
clearing, which it had received in the search 
for the money, it produced a crop which 
was indeed a treasure. 
It might result to the profit of some of 
our farmers’ sons, should they imagine 
their fathers had deeply buried a bag of 
dollars in some barren field, and bo led to 
dig in search of the treasure—and, though 
they might not find the expected wealth, 
their exertions would bo amply rewarded, 
as is illustrated in the anecdote. 
In further evidence of the great utility of 
deep plowing, I copy the following para¬ 
graph from the Report of the lion. II. L. 
EELLSWOgTII : 
“ Few individuals are aware of the ex¬ 
tension of roots in pulverized soil. Von 
Thayer mentions finding roots of sanloin 
from 10 to 15 feet deep in the ground.— 
There are nowin the National Gallery, corn 
roots taken from one side of a hill of corn 
laid bare by the freshet, and presented by 
the Hon. J. S. Skinner to the National 
Gallery. The corn was planted on the 20th 
of May, and roots gathered the 14th of July, 
1842. In sixty days some of the large roots 
extended more than four feet, covered with 
lateral branches. I have caused the roots to 
bo measured : the aggregate length of roots 
in the hill is, by Mr. Skinner’s estimate 
over 8,000 feet. The specimen alluded to, 
is open for examination. The fact is here 
mentioned to show the importance of deep 
plowing, to enable the plant to find nourish¬ 
ment, so much below the surface as may 
avoid the effect of drouth, give support to 
the stalk, and not expose the roots to be cut 
off by needed cultivation. Soil is made by 
exposure of earth to the atmosphere; and 
whoever wishes to make permanent im¬ 
provements will not fail to ploiv deep.” 
3. s. c. 
Hanover, Pa., March, 1852. 
A NEW GRASS. 
It was the intention of the writer of the 
following letter that it should be read at a 
recent agricultural meeting at tho State 
House, when the subject under discussion 
was Grains and Grasses. From some cause 
it was not read, and it came to us too late 
to bo connected with tho report qf that 
meeting. The subject of grasses deserves 
more attention than it has yet received.— 
The universal crop of New England, Timo¬ 
thy, or Herdsgrass, we az*e inclined to think 
is not tho best among the grasses for hay. 
We hope tho grass of which .Mr. Willard 
speaks will have a widely extended trial.— 
JY. E. Fanner. 
Lancaster, Fob. 23, 1852. 
To Hon. Isaac Davis :—Dear Sir:—Feel¬ 
ing a deep interest in the object of the ag¬ 
ricultural meetings held in the State House, 
and learning that you are expected to pre¬ 
side at the next, and that the subject for 
discussion is to be Grasses, will you permit 
me through the chair to offer a brief de¬ 
scription of a new variety, which I think, 
from some years’ careful cultivation and 
various experiments, worthy to be known 
and circulated as a valuable accession to 
those at present cultivated by our yeoman¬ 
ry. It has been analyzed, and is said to be 
a species of Bromus, materially different 
from anything I had ever seen, till I had 
found a single plant where I had sown im¬ 
ported English turnip, dressed with guano. 
Its surpassing luxuriance and richness as 
feed in pasture, and for summer soiling; its 
hardiness and verdure even in seasons of 
drouth, and in sandy soils, when and where 
other grasses fail; the heavy crops it yields 
in rich soil, and the avidity with which it is 
eaten by all kinds of stock; its power to 
hold up clover, (when sowed with it,) by its 
elasticity, so as not to lodge and become 
slippery and bad to mow ; its peculiar adap¬ 
tation as feed for milch cows, both green 
and dry; the superior fertilizing properties 
of the fleece plowed in green, for manure, 
particularly for wheat and a turnip crop, 
are among its properties. And last, though 
not least, the value of the seed, (besides to 
sell and sow,) as food for poultry, of which 
I was not aware till since harvesting my 
last crop, which being abundant, I have 
found the advantage of it. The size of the 
seed is between that of millet and rye. I 
think it may bo preferable to hemp seed, 
for canaries, at least to mix. 1 have tried 
it boiled and ground, for swine, horses and 
neat stock, and am satisfied, from the fond¬ 
ness of every animal for it, and from its 
gluten, that, in its nutritive properties, it 
more resembles flax seed than any other.— 
From the high priced and tho demand for 
the seed, I have not used it sufficiently to 
speak confidently of its fattening value; 
but intend to know by fair trial. We cut 
it for seed as soon as it begins to turn yel¬ 
low, as it shells very easy. The straw is 
good fodder or bedding. We had six tons 
thrashed last week. 
Very respectfully yours, 
Benjamin Willard. 
Broom Corn seed as a Food for Stock. 
—Mr. Wm. F. Porter in a report to tho Es¬ 
sex County (Mass.) Society, in speaking of 
broom corn, states that he raised on 6| 
acres 3,300 lbs. of brush, and 330 bushels 
of seed. The seed, he says, is worth as 
much for cattle and swine as oats. Mr. P. 
keeps a large dairy, and, of course, speaks 
from practical knowledge of its virtues as 
food. 
THE DAIRY.—BUTTER MAKING. 
As the dairy season is now fairly upon 
us, a few thoughts upon butter making, 
with especial reference to tho quantity 
which may be made per cow, and the mode 
of doing it, may be profitable, and wo hope 
interesting. Those persons who have gone 
on for years, satisfied with a yield of from 
100 to 125 lbs. per cow, supposing that about 
the maximum production, may not thank 
us for disturbing their repose, and will pro¬ 
bably infer that the cases to which we 
shall refer, are extraordinary ones, or per¬ 
chance doubt the correctness of the state¬ 
ments altogether. To such we have only 
to say. if you are satisfied with your pres¬ 
ent doing, others have no right to complain, 
beyond the general desire for an improved 
system of management, and wish to elevate 
the character of the New York dairies, to 
the highest point of improvement. 
Twenty years ago, good managers were 
content with 100 to 125 lbs. per cow, of but¬ 
ter. Tho standard has been going higher 
and higher since, until now, the dairyman 
who makes loss than 150 lbs., is rather 
ashamed to name the quantity, and can sel¬ 
dom recollect exactly how much ho did 
make. He usually has “a largo family to 
use the milk and butter,” and his “ cows are, 
many of them heifers, and ho did not ex¬ 
pect much from them,” or some similar ex¬ 
cuse. 
In this ago of improvement, wo insist 
that 150 lbs. should be tho minimum, even 
of poor dairies, while no good dairyman 
should be satisfied short of 175 to 200 lbs. 
This proposition may startle some who are 
slow to believe, but as the doctfino, that 
what has been done, can be done again, 
holds good in this, as in other matters, there 
can be no good reason why such results 
should not be attained. 
This brings us to a statement of a few in¬ 
stances of successful management, which 
have come to our knowledge.—instances 
which are worthy of being held up as ex¬ 
amples, before tho thousands who have nev¬ 
er reached equally successful results. The 
instances to which we refer, may not be the 
most remarkable which have been reached, 
but they are certainly respectable, and we 
will thank any of our readers who have 
done better, or who know of those who 
have done better, to communicate tho facts 
for publication. 
We chanced a few days ago, to call on 
three farmers in the same neighborhood, 
within sight of each other, all of whom 
have been quite successful in butter mak¬ 
ing. The first was our old friend Lewis 
Eames, of Lee, who, several years ago, used 
to make about 180 lbs. per cow from a dairy 
weli selected and well managed. He has, 
however, since let out his dairy, and has not 
now so good a lot of cows as formerly, hav¬ 
ing purchased several to increase the num¬ 
ber, to correspond with the increased size 
of Iiis farm. He last year made (from wo 
think near 20 cows) an average of over 170 
lbs. per cow, to sell, besides the quantity 
consumed in the family. His dairy is now 
increased to 28 cows. 
Mr. George Hitchcock, near by, from ten 
cows, made to sell, over 1800 lbs. of butter, 
or an average of a little more than 180 lbs. 
per cow. Among his cows, were one two 
years old, and two three years old heifers. 
Mr. II. feeds a little meal to his cows in the 
spring, until the grass affords a full bite, 
and in the autumn as the feed fails, feeds 
corn-stalks, from corn sown broadcast and 
cut, and fed green This he considers a 
very profitable practice. 
Mr. Roswell Spinning, also in the imme¬ 
diate vicinity, nlRcd last season, 14 cows, 
and made to sell *n average of 197 lbs. of 
butter per cow. lie feeds during the spring 
from two to three quarts of meal, a mixture 
of corn ground with the cob and oats, per 
day, until good feed is afforded in the pas¬ 
tures, and, like his neighbors, takes good 
care of his cows all the year. 
■ Here then, are three examples of suc¬ 
cessful results in butter making, showing 
what may bo done with, good cows, good 
feed , and good management. Now who will 
undertake to say that this system is not 
more profitable than that usually practiced ? 
Those who have so successfully tried it 
have no doubt upon the subject, and they 
certainly are the best qualified to judge. 
Let us look a moment at the value of the 
products from these cows. There is no ex¬ 
act date to show tho amount used in the 
families, but taking tho average of these 
three dairies and the amount made is not 
much, if any less than 200 lbs. per cow.— 
The average sales were about 15J cts., but 
we will say two hundred pounds at 15 cts., 
amount to #30. Add value of some milk 
for pork, which us variously estimated, but 
which is certainly, with good management, 
worth #3 per cow, and wo have a total of 
#33, a result far above that usually reached 
by dairymen, and affording a very hand¬ 
some profit on the business. 
If it is asked how this is accomplished, 
tho answer is given in few words. Have 
none but good cows, keep them well, win¬ 
ter and suinmer, and take good care of the 
milk and butter. The very system which 
produces such large quantities, also ensures 
a good quality of butter, and consequently a 
fair price and ready sale.— JY. Y. Farmer. 
Pasture for Cows. —See that your cows 
are provided with good pasture and a suf¬ 
ficiency of pure water. Cows that have to 
labor hard all day in a hot sun to provide 
a scanty supply of food, and take their 
drink from a mud puddle, will not give so 
much or so good milk, as those that are pro¬ 
vided with an abundant supply of succu¬ 
lent grass and water from a spring or brook, 
so that they can fill themselves in a short 
time and then lay down to rest. There is 
no animal on the farm that is so much ben¬ 
efited by rest and quiet indulgence as a cow 
that gives milk .—Fanner tp Arlizan. 
ADAPTING CROPS TO SOIL AND MARKET. 
It is well known to every farmer of expo- j 
rience and observation, that some crops sue- | 
ceed better on some soils than on others. 
This knowledge governs him, to a certain 
extent, in tho prosecution of his industry. 
Strong clayey soils he appropriates to grass; 
as such land after being laid down will con¬ 
tinue to bear grass, for a longer period than 
light sandy land. This latter description of 
land, he finds, gives him fair crops of corn 
and rye. and they are cultivated accordingly. 
In some sections, are large tracts, where 
the land is of one prevailing character; but 
as a general remark, on most farms in New 
England there is quite a diversity of soils. 
Now the study of these soils and their adap¬ 
tation to different crops, might be advan¬ 
tageously prosecuted by our farmers, still 
further than has yet been done. For ex¬ 
ample, take bog meadows, which are to be 
found on nearly all the farms in some sec¬ 
tions of New England, how little are they 
made to yield, in comparisoqgwith what they 
might yield! To say nothing of the heavy 
burdens of grass they produce, when prop¬ 
erly reclaimed, they might, even in their 
natural state, become a source of consider¬ 
able income, if set over with cranberry 
vines. 
This would seem to be making farming 
profitable; but it is only one instance of 
many that might be given to show the impor¬ 
tance of a proper adaptation of crops to soils. 
The farmer, who is wide awake to his 
business, should watch, as well as follow, 
the markets. Ho should know-jvhat crops 
will sell well. So far as lie can form a prob¬ 
able or approximate opinion on this point 
he should conform his cultivation to it. In 
some places, he can produce milk to advan¬ 
tage ; in others, butter or cheese. Again, 
he may be so situated, that neither of these 
articles will pay him so good a profit as 
some others. Here his main crop will be 
hay—there, fruit; here potatoes—there, 
squashes and other vegetables. 
A farmer in Beverly, last year, raised on 
two and a half acres of land, 18,000 cab¬ 
bages per acre, the net receipts of which 
averaged him #450. Another farmer, in 
Danvers, cultivated an acre of land with 
sage, and realized tho handsome profit of 
#400.. The cultivation of the onion in this 
latter town gives employment to many 
hands, and is the source of large profits. 
Other examples might be cited to illus¬ 
trate the importance of adapting crops to 
the markets, such as the production of the 
smaller fruits in the neighborhood of cities. 
It is not the crop on which the farmer him¬ 
self sets the highest value, that should bo 
raised by him; but tlio crops he can jiroduco 
at the least expense, and sell at the great¬ 
est profit. 
Some farmers are fearful of loss if they 
diverge from the beaten track. They go on 
therefore, cultivating the same products, 
and ofton on the same fields, as did their 
fathers. Other farmers seem to entertain 
the opinion that unless they raise the heav¬ 
ier products—corn, and potatoes, and grain 
and bay—they are no longer farmers ; but 
a sort of market gardeners. 
But away with such idle fears and foolish 
notions! Let our farmers study their true 
interests. Let them not stand still while 
others are going ahead. Let them be up 
and doing something to supply the wants of 
tho towns and cities in their vicinity; and 
not the necessities only, but the tastes also. 
Let them raise flowers, even, if it will pay a 
profit! Why not ? The taste for flowers is 
an innocent and rational one, why should it 
not be gratified ? 
There are many articles not yet cultivated 
to any extent among us, that may doubtless 
be raised to advantage. For example, some 
vegetable product, such as the castor oil 
bean, might be introduced and raised to af¬ 
ford an oil for a domestic light, .or for me¬ 
chanical purposes. Whale oil cannot be 
procured fast enough to supply the demand. 
Some substitute, drawn from mother earth 
will doubtless bo soon introduced. Sun¬ 
flower seed might, perhaps, be found to an¬ 
swer. But we must leave tho subject for 
tlic present, hoping soon to resume it. -Jour¬ 
nal of Agriculture. 
REVIEW OF THE WOOL MARKET. 
What was foretold last spring has come 
to pass this—that the high prices would re¬ 
act, and that wool would be as much below 
its real value now as it was above then.— 
Still the depression cannot be permanent, 
though the grower may not be enabled to 
realize as high a price as he ought. 
There is now in tho hands of the manu¬ 
facturers a fair supply; and, if the dealers 
carry out their plan of combination, there 
will be no active competition in the country. 
It is proposed by the large dealers in Phila¬ 
delphia, New York and Boston, not to send 
out any agents to purchase wool, but to 
leave it to the wool dealers and to the spec¬ 
ulators to send it forward, and we think they 
will be able to carry out their plan. In 
that case it is to be seen how well the farm¬ 
ers will be able to combine. They might 
do it to a very largo extent, and thus save 
thousands of dollars; but judging from the 
past, there is little prospect of their doing 
it. The Wool Dopot system has been very 
successful when properly patronized,—and 
it may be again. 
The prices should range about as follows : 
Common to blood,.26c to 30c 
% to % .28c to 34 c 
Ftdl blood Merino.34c to 38c 
“ “ Saxon.38c to 45c 
Saxon and Merino, heavy.36c to 42c 
“ “ light.38c fo 45c 
These are prices that will bo realized in 
Buffalo. There will net bo much if any 
advance on these prices before fall, and then 
we shall look for an advance of from 3c to 
5c per lb. Tho wool should not sell below 
these figures, and there is no good reason 
why it should go higher at present.— Wool 
Grower. 
IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURE. 
“ The great truth that animal manures 
are nothing else than the ashes of the food 
produced from our fields, consumed or burn¬ 
ed in the bodies of men and animals, has 
given the chief direction to all modern im¬ 
provements in agriculture.”— Liebig. 
The above remark deserves the profound 
consideration of every practical farmer.— 
After an animal attains his maturity, and 
adds nothing to his weight in the course of a 
year, it is obvious that tho matter which es¬ 
capes from the body must be the same in 
quantity as that which enters it. A very 
notable portion of the food of all warm¬ 
blooded animals passes out of the lungs in 
the form of air and vapor, during their cease¬ 
less respiration night and day, just the same 
as wood passes out of a chimney when burnt 
in a fire place. The combustion of grass, 
hay. and grain in the system of the cow, 
horse, or sheep is not so eomlete as that of 
fire applied to tho same substances in the 
open air. In the latter case, nearly all the 
combustible ingredients—carbon and hydro¬ 
gen united with oxygen and nitrogen—are 
expelled into the atmosphere. In animal 
combustion, a larger portion of carbon, hy¬ 
drogen, oxygen, and nitrogen remain with 
the ashes contained in the food taken into 
the stomach, and voided with the solid and 
liquid excretions. 
That portion of cultivated plants which 
escapes into the air through the lungs of 
man and the domestic animals, growing 
plants can regain by their roots and thus re¬ 
organize into animal food. But the caso is 
different with the ashes or earthy portions 
of all plants. If these minerals are taken 
from the soil, and not faithfully restored by 
replacing on our cultivated fields all the 
salts contained in tho excretions of the hu¬ 
man family and of domestic animals, tho in¬ 
jury Avill be great. 
Nearly one-third of all the food grown on 
the globe is raised by the Chinese. For 
thousands of years this wonderful-people 
have cultivated successfully the bread-form¬ 
ing plant. For a long period, their wheat 
fields have been fertilized almost exclusively 
with the ingredients of wheat, derived from 
its combustion in the human system. In 
other words, they manure their fields with 
night soil alone. 
The manufacture of corn, wheat, barley, 
oats, hay, potatoes, pork, beef, butter, cheese, 
and wool can be reduced to an exact science. 
The laws of chemical affinity, of vegetable 
and animal vitality, are uniform and easy to 
be understood, so far as successful agricul¬ 
ture is concerned. One of these laws is, 
that no man nor vegetable can possibly make 
anything of nothing. Another is that one 
simple substance, like carbon, cannot be 
transformed into another simple element, 
like nitrogen. Clay cannot supply the place 
of sand, nor sand of clay. 
Suppose you have the materials to pro¬ 
duce fifty good crops in your now fertile 
soil; when these materials are worked up 
and sont to different parts, where will the 
largely increased population of the Stiftes 
go for food and clothing ? Do you say to the 
West ? But what right has the present gen¬ 
eration to consume and destroy the fertility 
of God’s bountiful earth to the serious inju¬ 
ry of those who succeed them ? 
By every principle of common justice and 
philanthrpy, we should augment tho natu¬ 
ral productiveness of the soil at least 4 per 
cent, per annum, or double its fruit in twen¬ 
ty-five years. 
A SHORT TALK ABOUT HOGS. 
COMPOSTING MUCK. 
The following is the method of compost¬ 
ing muck or peat, practiced by Prof. Mupcs 
of New Jersey. He says, “ The chloride of 
lime and carbonate of soda is made by slak¬ 
ing three bushels of shell lime, hot from tho 
kiln, with one bushel of common salt dis¬ 
solved in water. Common salt being com¬ 
posed of chlorine and soda, the lime com¬ 
bines with the chlorine, forming chloride of 
limo, which in turn receives carbonic acid 
from the atmosphere and becomes carbon¬ 
ate of soda. Tho mass should bo turned 
over every day for three days, at tli# end of 
which time it is ready for use. Four bush¬ 
els of this mixture, thoroughly divided thro’ 
one cord of muck, will decompose perfectly 
in ninety days in winter, and in a propor¬ 
tionately less time in summer. When this 
muck cannot readily be procured, any or¬ 
ganic matter will answer tho same purpose; 
pond-scrapings, river mud, decayed loaves, 
or even head-lands, with one-twentieth its 
bulk of stable manure or weeds, will answer 
well.” 
Prof. Mapes is economical of tho liquid 
droppings of his stablo, and using stables 
for His cattle without floors, he is enabled 
thus to bring his muck into direct contact 
with them, and thus save all the manure 
they aro capable of making. IIis method 
is this: “Under the oxen, cows, &c., the 
earth is removed to the depth of eighteen 
inches, making a space capable of holding 
half a cord of muck for an animal. This 
muck is covered at night with salt hay for 
bedding, and the liquid manure voided by 
tho cattle, is absorbed by tho muck, and 
rapidly decomposes it. This decomposition 
is assisted by the warmth of the animal 
while sleeping upon the bedding. The sol¬ 
id manure is removed from tho bedding each 
morning, and after being mixed with twenty 
times its bulk is placed under cover. The 
muck containing the liquid portions of tho 
manure is removed every four days, and is 
also placed under cover; after ten day's the 
manure heap is turned over and wetted with 
a weak solution of nitrato of soda, aftejr 
which it is permitted to remain until suffi¬ 
ciently decomposed for use — thirty da.ys.—r 
All tho weeds of tlio farm are daily th'i^wn 
into the hog-pen, and the hogs aro induced 
to root among them and will keep the weeds 
in constant motion until decomposed.— 
About once in ten days tho pen is emptied, 
and after salting the weeds to prevent the 
possibility of their again germinating, they 
are mixed with twenty times their bulk of 
muck, and four bushels to the cord of salt 
and limo mixture, and placed under cover, 
where tho mass readily heats and after 20 
days is ready for use. * * * * 11 Tho 
amount of manure I am enabled to make 
by these methods,” says Prof. Mapes, “and 
the assistant « of six oxen, three cows, three 
horses and twenty hogs, is about fifty half 
cords per week.” 
Prof. Mapes is ono of the best scientific 
and practical agriculturists in the country, 
and his method of composting with muck 
may be depended upon as a good one .— 
Farmer's Visitor. 
AGRICULTURE IN MINNESOTA. 
The Editor of tho Southern Planter gives 
its readers a chapter entitled a “dollars 
worth about hogs.” He first gives the usual 
mode in which they manage hogs in his 
neighborhood, which is to let them breed 
when they please, and then pick up a living 
where they can until about two years old, 
and then, in November, to shut them up in 
a close pen without shelter or trough, and 
suffer them to pick the corn, which is 
thrown to them irregularly, out of the mire 
and dirt. At Christmas they are slaugh¬ 
tered. They are only half or quarter fat¬ 
ted, and weigh about a hundred and twenty 
pounds. That is managing hogs worse than 
we do. Certainly we Yankees away up east 
here, in the lee of the north pole, would be 
ashamed to be seen killing a hog two years 
old,that weighed but one hundred and twenty 
pounds. The Editor, however, goes on to 
lay down a method of feeding hogs which we 
think be would an economical one for us to 
follow. His advice is to let all your pigs be 
littered in March—feed the sows well till 
tho pigs are weaned—feed these well, but 
not heavily, until clover comes. If you 
have no clover field, have at least a clover 
lot for your hogs. Cut off the ends of their 
noses, if you can’t get rid of the rooter any 
other-way, and turn them in. 
After this, fence oft' part of an oat field, 
and remove them from tho clover lot into it 
as soon as the oats aro in tho milk state.— 
They will eat them up clean. By this time 
they will be ready to glean your wheat fields. 
This last plan will not work well with us at 
the north, as we generally stock down our 
lands to clover and grass with the wheat, 
and should not want the hogs among it.— 
As soon as the corn is in a right state, begin 
to cut up green corn for them, and feed 
with that, stalk and all, just as much as they 
will eat. It is a good plan to have a lot 
planted to corn for this very purpose; and 
also a lot planted later, to keep them in 
green corn until frost. When this food is 
exhausted, then put them into a pen with 
good shelter and troughs, and feed them on 
the best you have, and kill them when you 
think they are fat enough to suit you.— 
Maine Fanner. 
Orchard and clover grass are best to be 
sown together for tho making of good hay, 
for the reason that they ripen at the same 
time. 
The St Paul’s Minnesota Pioneer, of the 
13th inst., speaking of the agricultural re¬ 
sources, and tho profits to be derived by 
cbltiwating the soil, of that remarkably pro¬ 
ductive Territory, says :—Labor is very dear 
and well paid in Minnesota. The only 
scarcity, is the scarcity of men, who will 
actually take hold of work in good earnest 
and be constant with liberal wages. Thero 
is waste industry and unemployed muscle 
enough, at this moment, in St. Paul, and 
St. Anthony, if wisely and energetically ex¬ 
erted in agriculture, to produce a surplus of 
provisions for the Territory and leave tlio 
balance of trade abroad in our favor. There 
is land enough, as good land as the Almigh¬ 
ty ever finished up, lying uncultivated, be¬ 
tween St. Paul at St. Anthony, to profita¬ 
bly employ every man and boy, capable of 
manual labor, in the Territory. With a 
conscript of laborers, such as could be bene¬ 
ficially drafted from the two towns, and em¬ 
ployed six hours each day in cultivating the 
waste lands of the Reserve, that whole re¬ 
gion might bo like a garden, waving with 
luxuriance and groaning with plenty. 
All that you have to purchase is as cheap 
as in New England, and where crops can be 
raised in absolute profusion, without ma- 
nuro and -without tho use of a hoe. and 
where potatoes sell promptly at one dollar 
per bushel, in coin, that here, where such 
land can be bought at from #1 25 to #5 00 
per acre, would you believe that able bodied 
men, could bo restrained or prevented, from 
engaging here immediately in agriculture ? 
Would you not suppose that every acre 
would be cultivated and every hour occupi¬ 
ed in the healthful pursuits of agriculture ? 
Why, it is absolutely certain, that Minneso¬ 
ta may have forever, tho absolute monopoly 
of the potato trade, for the whole valley 
of the river, employing an immense amount 
of steamboat tonnage. They cannot raise 
Irish potatoes south of us; while we can 
raise them in abundance and of the best 
quality. If we should ever have a surplus 
of this article, above tho demands of our 
villages, lumbermen, forts and Indians, that 
surplus can always bo sold on tho bank of 
tlio river; and the farmer will never realize 
less than half a dollar il bushel for good po¬ 
tatoes, ready to ship. 
We instance the crop of potatoes because 
in this crop wo can beat the world. But 
there is no, crop of the field or the garden, 
in which Minnesota can be excelled. There 
is no part of the world combining in such 
perfection all the requisites for successful 
and profitable farming; we mean good land, 
pure water, healthful climate, and a high 
market at home. 
It is stated, that among tho millions of 
farmers in the United States, there is not ono 
Jew. 
