211 
€\)t <H)rr|rarh anfr (larbm. 
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Midsummer Exhibition. —The Genesee 
Yalley Horticultural Society held their prin¬ 
cipal summer exhibition in Corinthian Hall, 
on Friday and Saturday, 25tli and 2Gth ult. 
The display of plants and flowers was high¬ 
ly creditable to tho contributors. Tho ef¬ 
forts of tho managers of the Society have 
been liberally encouraged, and this was one 
of tho best, if not the very bost show of 
flowers and strawberries tho Society has 
ever given. 
Mr. Wm. A. Reynolds, the worthy pro¬ 
prietor of the Hall, deserves tho best thanks 
of tho Society, for his kindness and atten¬ 
tion in furnishing vases and other facilities 
which enabled tho contributors to show 
their articles to the best advantage. 
Messrs Parks, Gray, Toiier, Seelye, and 
Wethebell, contributed a largo numbor of 
Native plants and flowers. 
Mr. Parks, from Utica, exhibited a fino 
specimen of the Sarracenia -purpurea —or 
Side-saddle flower, sometimes called the 
■ American Pitcher plant. Huntsman’s Cup 
—a most curious plant. It attracted much 
attention. We shall not go into further 
particulars, but refer tho reader to tho Re¬ 
ports of tho Committees.—w. 
Tho Committeo on Plants, Flowers, &c., 
report as follows: 
amateurs list of premiums. 
Roses. —Best collection, J. A. Eastman, $5 ; 
best 25 varieties, Wm. Bull, $5; Hybrid per- 
petuals, best 18 varieties, J. A. Eastman $5. 
Geraniums. —Two very beautiful and well 
I grown scarlet Geraniums, Josiali Salter, (gardener 
to J. W. Bissell,) $3; also seedling Geranium, 
J promising to be valuable, $1. 
Floral Ornaments. —Best Floral ornaments, Mrs. 
j Seldcn, Grove Place, $3; 2d best, Mrs. Robert 
j Donnelly, $2 ; two floral ornaments, Mrs. J. W. 
Bissell, $1. 
Table Boqucts. —Best pair table Boquets, Mrs- 
Robert Donnelly, $3 ; best large do. Mrs. D. W. 
Powers, S3. 
Hand Boqucts. —Best pair hand Boquets, Mrs. 
Marcus Jewell, $2; 2d best, Mrs. Ckapell. $1 ; 
best two flat do. Miss Cornelia Frost, $2. 
NURSERYMENS CLASS. 
Roses. —Best collection and greatest variety, 
Ellwanger & Barry, $8 ; 2d best, full grown, extra 
fine, S. Moulson, $5; best 25 varieties, Win. 
Webster, $5 ; 2d best, J. J. Thomas, $5. Hand¬ 
some display of Roses, Wm. King, $5. 
Green House Plants.— Best collection, A. Frost 
& Co., $10 ; 2d best, C. J. Ryan <fc Co., $3. 
Bouquets. —Best two round table Bouquets, C. 
J. Ryan &, Co., $3 ; 2d best do. Ellwanger <fc Bar¬ 
ry, $2; two do. Wm, Webster, $2; best two 
round hand Boquets, C. J.. Ryan & Co. $2 ; 2d 
best A. Frost & Co., $1. 
Floral Ornaments. —Best, A. Frost Co., $3 ; 
fine pyramidal Bouquets in Vase, Ellwanger <fe 
Barry, $2. 
Wm. Webster exhibited a flno collection 
of Fuschias and Verbenas. A. Frost & Co., 
do., and also J. Donnellan. C. J. Ryan & 
Co., a select collection of Verbenas, includ¬ 
ing Ilovey’s now sorts, and two Rustic Bas¬ 
kets, attracting much attention. Also 10 
I varieties of Hybrid perpetual Roses in pots, 
and one Salfitaire, from Frost & Co. 
Ellwanger & Barry exhibited fifteen va¬ 
rieties of seedling Calceolarias, many of 
which aro distinct and beautiful, and sever¬ 
al distinct seedling Cinerarios; also 24 va¬ 
rieties of Verbenas, 9 of Petunias, and a 
fine display of Phloxes, and herbaceous 
plants, which added much to tho appear¬ 
ance of the Hall. 
John Donnellan, a handsome display of 
Pcenies, Fuschias and Verbenas. 
John J. Thomas a beautiful show of her¬ 
baceous plants. 
Wm. Webster and Wm. King each exhib¬ 
ited fine collections of Green-house plants. 
Dr. Long exhibited a fino show of cut 
flowers. 
C. J. Ryan & Co., also exhibited on the 
centro tablo a good display of roses, poe- 
nies, shrubs, &c. 
Samuel Shadbolt, Miss S. A. Mathies 
and Mr. Fitch, also contributed cut flowers 
and bouquets. 
Miss T. .P Chappell exhibited a fairy 
basket of moss rose buds which was very 
much admired. 
A. Frost & Co. had on their tablo seed¬ 
ling Fuchsia, in the way of Venus Victrix, 
which promises to be an acquisition. 
C. J. Ryan, 
Wm. Webster, 
A. Frost, 
Robert Donnelly, 
Wm. King, 
Committee. 
REPORT OF TnE FRUIT COMMITTEE. 
The exhibition of Strawberries was ono 
of the best that has ever taken place, both 
in tho number and selection of varieties, 
and in the fino growth of tho specimens. 
R. G. Pardee, of Palmyra, exhibited about 
40 varieties, including all tho best standard 
sorts, and many new ones procurod for the 
purpose of testing. Among tho latter was 
Jenny’s Seedling, which has proved rather 
productive, and promises to bo a fino fruit. 
Prince’s Charlotte, of fino flavor—and small 
specimens of MacAvoy’s Superior, from 
late spring transplanting, showing a decid¬ 
edly good flavor. Hooker & Co. presont- 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER : AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSrArER. 
ed 10 varieties; Bissell & Hooker, 11 va¬ 
LARGE WATER LILY. 
rieties, and 3 now seedlings of their own 
raising, ono staminato and two pistillate, of 
good promiso and quite ' productive, well 
worthy of further trial. M. G. Warner, 
6 varieties, mostly of the bost standard 
sorts. George L. Soutiiworth, Burr’s 
Now Pine and ITovcy’s Seedling, of very 
fino growth. M. Jewell exhibited 4 sorts. 
Ellwanger & Barry presented 10 sorts, 
besides 7 of their now seedlings, but their 
flavor generally did not appear to bo quite 
so well developed as last year. Dr. Long 
had two sorts ; A.‘ Frost & Co. fine Ilovoy’s 
seedlings, and Sheppard & Cherry 12 sorts. 
After a careful examination, the commit- 
tho agreed in proposing the following 
premiums: 
Amateurs. —For the best quart of Strawberries 
(placing flavor and productiveness before size.) to 
G. L. Soutiiworth, for Burr’s If ew Fine, $3 ; 2d, M. 
G. Warner, for Burr’s New Pine, $2. For the 
gueatest number of varieties and best grown, to 
R. G. Pardee, $3- 
Nurserymen. — For the best quart, Bissell & 
Hooker, $3; 2d, Hooker & Co., $2. For the great¬ 
est number of varieties and best grown, Ellwanger 
& Barry, $3. 
As tho results of their examinations, tho 
Committee have been led to regard with 
much favor, tho following varieties : 
Burr’s New Pine, best and most valuable for 
home cultivation ; Large Early Scarlet, early, pro¬ 
ductive, and the most valuable fertilizer ; Scarlet 
Melting, exceedingly productive and easily raised 
—flavor moderate, and too soft except for home 
use ; Rival Hudson, for a late sort, and for market 
and preserving ; Hovey’s Seedling, and Crimson 
Con e. 
Thero was a small display of cherries; 
three sorts from A. Frost & Co., and ono 
each from Isaac Butts, Orrin Morse, and 
Bissel & Hooker. 
Dr. Long furnished good specimens of 
tho Kingsley applo in a fino state of preser¬ 
vation, tho examination of which impressed 
the committee quite favorably, but they did 
not feel prepared from their limited obser¬ 
vation, to award at prosent tho premium for 
tho best long keeper. 
J. J. Thomas, Clin. 
PROLIFIC STRAWBERRY PLANT. 
Eds. Rural :—In looking over my beds 
and squares of strawberries a short time 
sinco, a bunch or root on the edge of the 
alloy, a few inches from tho squaro from 
which I had taken plants in April to trans¬ 
plant, attracted my notice. It stood alone, 
about a foot from tho plot, and had been 
either overlooked in taking up the plants, 
or neglected becauso less promising than 
tho others. It did not appear largo and 
luxuriant, having only cloven leaves stand¬ 
ing upright, and tlioso rather small, and 
soven, all told, rather poor and imperfect, 
lying on tho ground. It waa ci oinglo root 
of the last year’s growth, and put forth two 
main stalks or stems above tho ground, 
each about two inches high. But the whole 
bunch was surrounded with fruit-bearing 
stems, lying on the ground. In taking up 
these stems, and carefully counting tho ber¬ 
ries to ascertain tho entire number in the 
cluster, I found, including two or tlireo 
blossoms, ono hundred and thirty-three 
strawberries proceeding from this single 
root. Tho variety or kind is tho “ Rival 
Hudson.” On examination just made, I 
find about a dozen of flno sizo, fully ripo — 
I think this fact speaks in favor of cultiva¬ 
tion in tho hill, if it does not rocommond 
the variety. e. 
Rochester, June 22, 1852- 
LOOKING GLASSES FOR BIRDS. 
A correspondent of the London Gar¬ 
dener’s Chronicle says : 
“ The following plan is perfectly effica¬ 
cious for scaring birds from fruit and other 
produce. One of my servants having by 
chance broken a looking-glass, it oceurrod 
to mo that tho broken pieces, suspended by 
a string, so as to turn freely in every direc¬ 
tion, would givo tho appearanco of some¬ 
thing moving about, which would alarm tho 
birds. I accordingly tried the plan and 
found that no bird, not even the most fool¬ 
hardy of them, dare como near. They had 
attacked my peas ; on suspending a few bits 
of glass amongst them, the marauders left 
the place. Tho tomtits attacked my seckol 
pears, to which they seem very partial. A 
bit of looking glass suspended in front of 
tho tree put a stop to the mischief. My 
grapes wore then much damaged, before 
they wero ripe, by thrushes and starlings; 
a piece of looking-glass drove these away, 
and not a grape was touched afterwards.— 
I had before triod many plans, but never 
found any so effectual as tho above.” 
Roots of Trees. —People are not gen¬ 
erally aware of the rapid extension of the 
roots of trees. We sometimes hear farmers 
say that applo tree roots extend as far from 
the trunk as tho limbs do. Last week wo 
plowed a few furrows in the road sido under 
apple trees that had been set but five years 
and we found roots plenty at the distance 
of ten feet from the trunks of tho trees— 
and theso roots had first crossed under a 
common stone wall to get into tho road. 
Applo tree roots of older trees aro known 
to run across highways two rods in width 
to find cultivated land. How futile then 
the practice of digging to tho extent of three 
feet only from tho tree when it stands in a 
grass field ! — Mass. Ploughman. 
The chief attraction of the Exhibition of 
tho Now York Horticultural Society is the 
superb specimen of tho Victoria Regia . 
which occupies a tank in the centro of tho 
hall. It is a tropical water plant of gigan¬ 
tic size, which has never been seen beforo 
in perfection in this latitude. This ono was 
brought, we hear, from the river Amazon, 
and is exhibited by Caleb Copo, Esq., of 
Philadelphia. Tho leaves aro circular 
and nearly six feet in diameter, and the 
flower, which is expected to open in time 
for exhibition, is about four feet and a half 
in circumference. 
In a large tank, placed in tho middle of 
the apartment, float tho enormous loaves of 
this, plant. One of them is six feet and 
three inches in diameter, and about nine¬ 
teen in circumference, almost perfectly 
round; with tho border turned up, so as to 
make a parapet enclosing tho broad disk.— 
It might servo for a raft for a child, and if 
the infant Moses had been entrusted to a 
leaf like this, tho little navigator would have 
been in no danger of drowning. The oth¬ 
er leaf lies upside clown on tho water, show¬ 
ing an enormous foot stalk seven or eight 
feet long, and large, strong pi'ojecting ribs 
which proceed from a common centre, like 
rafters of a circular roof. In the tank is a 
young plant of tho samo kind, presented to 
the society by Mr. Charles Cope, of Pliila- 
dolphia, who sent tho leaves to tho exhibi¬ 
tion, and who has cultivated this magnifi¬ 
cent water lily with great success.— JY. Y. 
Courier Enquirer. 
Securing Passing Advantages. —We 
once had the very beautiful present of a 
bunch of a dozen plums of a new variety 
sent us from a distance, consisting of a 
branch so closely covered as to form a cyl¬ 
inder of solid fruit. The shoot on which 
they grew afforded a few nice buds, from 
which wo now have some young trees grow¬ 
ing, infallably correct. — Alb. Cult. 
ftomtstU dtcononnj. 
TO PURIFY WATER-CORRECTION.-HARD 
WATER. 
This is no easy matter on tho reeipo from 
the Scientific American, viz:—“ Nine ounces 
of pure fresh limo dissolved in 40 gallons of 
water, will purify 500 gallons of hard water; 
the precipitate is chalk.” Then ono ounce 
of lime in four gallons of water would puri¬ 
fy 02 gallons, or about two barrels. But, 
what is it that makes water hard ? The 
common substance is gypsum, or sulphato 
of limo. Tho chemical tyro knows that tho 
solution of limo in tho recipe cannot affect 
the gypseous hard waters, but will make 
them harder. In this section of the coun¬ 
try the hard waters also contain muriate of 
lime, or, chloride of calcium, as it is now 
called, and tho limo wAtcr will only make 
the water worse. 
Another substance in our hard water is a 
solution of limestone in carbonic acid and 
wator. This may bo purified according to 
the recipe; but the water is purified by 
boiling, as every tea-kettle dully shows in tho 
city, and tho water still remains hard from 
tho other substances, as overy laundress too 
well realizes. Tho only cheap article to 
remove theso is common potash or pearlash 
in small quantity. ‘ Tho sediment will of 
courso be chalk, which will settle to the 
bottom after somo hours. c. d. 
Cholera Morbus. —I was once told by 
S. W Mervin, Esq., of Wilson, N. Y., a 
gentleman of undoubted veracity, that tho 
seeds of pig weed, either green or dry, used 
in decoction, was an infalliblo remedy for 
tho excruciating pains of cholera morbus. 
It is an easy and simple remedy, but never 
having any occasion to test it, I cannot 
speak from experience. If, indeed, the 
posts possess this virtuo they may bo voted 
not quite tho nuisances they aro considered 
—if kept within their proper bounds. 
T. E. w. 
HOW TO COOK AN EGG. 
An egg should not bo boiled; it should 
only bo scalded— vulgo, coddled. Immerse 
your egg in, or, what is better, pour upon 
your egg boiling water. For time, propor¬ 
tion the samo to the size and .number of 
your eggs, and the collateral accidents. If 
you cook your eggs upon your breakfast 
tablo more time well bo required. But if 
you station your apparatus on a good and 
wholesome hob, where there is a fire, and 
so tho radiation of heat is less positive, less 
time will suffice. Tho latter way is mine, 
winter and summer, and tho differences of 
the surrounding circumstances equalize, or 
nearly so, tho timo. I keep one egg under 
water 9 minutes; two 94; three, 10; and 
four, nearly 11 minutes. The yolk first 
owns tho power of tho caloric, and will be 
even firmly set, while the white will bo 
milky, or at most tremulously gelatinous. 
The flavor superior to anything which a 
plover ever deposited will be that which tho 
egg of the gallinaceous domestic w r as in¬ 
tended to havo; tho substance, that which 
Is delectable to tho palato, and easy ot di¬ 
gestion. Thero is perfect absence of that 
gutta percha quality, in tho white especial¬ 
ly, at once tho rosult and the source of dys¬ 
pepsia. I believe that eggs would be much 
more patronized and much moro wholesome, 
if boiling wero discarded.— Cottage Gar¬ 
dener. 
Blttljntiit Slrts & Icitntt. 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, 
For the week ending June 22, 1852. 
Alexander Barclay, of Newark, N. J., for ma¬ 
chine for washing and amalgamating gold, etc. 
Joel R. Bassett, of Cincinnati, O., for improve¬ 
ment in valves for pumps. 
Christopher C. Brand, of Ledyard, Conn., for 
improvement in bomb-lance for killing whales. 
Merrill Colvin, of Rochester, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in heat radiator. 
_ Aaron D. Crane, of Newark, N. J., for improve¬ 
ment in horse powers. 
Abrn. Y. Cross, of Washington, D. C., for im¬ 
provement in dumping wagons. 
Daniel Dodge, of Keeseville, N. Y., for im¬ 
proved wrought nail machinery. 
Wm. O. Grover, of Boston, Mass., and Wm. E. 
Baker, of Roxbury, Mass., for improvement in 
sewiug machines. 
Nehemiah Hodge, of North Adams, Mass, for 
improvement in foot car. 
Jno. Krauser, of Reading, Pa., for improvement 
in clover harvesters. 
Wm. S. Loughborough, of Victor, N. Y., for 
improvement in divided railroad car axles. 
Thoo. S. Minniss, of Meadville, Pa., for im¬ 
provement in steps and'bearings of mill spindles. 
Nidi’s. G. Norcross, of Lowell, Mass., for im¬ 
provement in Planing Machines. 
Jno. R. Peters, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement-in machines for preparing flocks. 
Wm. II. Lindsay, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in fluid meters, etc. 
David Swartz, of Thomas Brook, Va., for im¬ 
provement in plows. 
S. R. Wilmot, of New Haven, Conn., for im¬ 
provement in time-pieces. 
Chas. lies, of Birmingham, England, for im¬ 
provement in imitation stone. Dated June 15, 
1852. Patented in England, April 26,1849. 
REISSUES. 
Fred’k J. Austin, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in the machine for cutting paper and 
trimming books. Patented June 16,1841. Ante¬ 
dated Dec, 16,1840. 
Hamilton B. & Hiram T. Lawton, of Troy, N. 
Y., for improvement in batting of cotton and 
other fibrous material. Patented May 13, 1849. 
DESIGNS. 
Samuel D. Vose, of Albany, N. Y., for design 
for a parlor stove. 
Samuel D. Vose, of Albany, N. Y., for design 
for a coal stove. 
Samuel D. Vose, of Albany, N. Y., for design 
for a box stove. 
Samuel D. Vose, of Albany, N. Y., for design 
for a parlor cook stove. 
Wm. L. Sanderson, of Troy, N. Y., assignor to 
Reuben R. Finch, Sr., <fe Reuben R. Finch, Jr., of 
Peekakill, N. Y., for design for a dining room 
stove. 
S. W. Gibbs, of Albany, N. Y., assignor to Natb. 
Harrison & Chase, of Philadelphia, Pa., for design 
for a cooking stove. 
TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. 
It is- generally admitted that the earth is 
an immense magnet, deriving its power from 
tho agency of the samo principle, which 
causes currents of electricity to flow towards 
tho heated parts of masses of metals when 
actod on by fire. 
In other words, tho earth is a thermo 
magnet, i. e., a magnet deriving its power 
from the agency of heat. Taking this for 
granted, we inquire from what source is the 
heat derived ? Wo know of but ono source 
from which tho earth derives its heat, which 
source is the sun. True, there may be an 
internal chemical chango going on, which 
which may evolve an immense amount of 
caloric, but this is moro supposition. We 
know that tho sun dispenses heat to this 
planet, and we wish to know how this cir¬ 
cumstance affects terrestrial magnetism.— 
Let us see. Take a bar of metal, and heat 
ono ond of it, while tho other end is kept 
cool. Currents of electricity will be found 
to flow from the cooler to tho warmer end 
of tho bar, as may be proved by tho deflec¬ 
tions of the magnetic needle when brought 
near it. 
This phenomenon is not confinod to met¬ 
als alone; it is exhibited by various substan¬ 
ces, and it is supposed that all bodies upon 
being placed under favorable conditions, 
would exhibit similar phenomena. Lot us 
now suppose the earth to stand still in its 
course—its diurnal and yearly motions sus¬ 
pended—ono side will then be constantly 
presented to the influence of the sun’s rays. 
This sido being constantly receiving heat, 
would necessarily bccomo warmer than tho 
other side, which is constantly radiating heat, 
and receiving none. Hero then aro the two 
portions of the earth under the conditions 
necessary to tho formation of a thermo 
electric battery, and that on an immonso 
scale. Theso portions of tho earth follow, 
of courso, the immutable laws which govern 
matter, and currents of electricity flow 
from the colder to tho warmer regions of 
tho earth’s surface. Tho magnetic neodle 
stands at right angles with a current of 
electricity, so if tho hottest part of tho 
earth bo assumed as a polo, the magnetic 
needle would always stand at right angles 
with a radius drawn from the needlo to this 
point, and tho use of tho magnetic needlo |< 
would of courso, bo greatly impaired. 
Begging tho reader to bear tho above in ij 
mind, wo we will now supposo that tho di- li 
urnal motion of tho earth is resumed. Tho " 
complexion of affairs is now somewhat 
changed. The equator is now a belt around 
tho whole earth,—there aro two places of 
cold, and tho heated surface is greatly in¬ 
creased.. Now tho two poles, tho north pole 
and the south pole, are the coldest parts of 
tho earth, consequently currents of eloc- 
tricity pass from tho poles towards the equa¬ 
tor ; and now the magnetic needle points 
to the east and west, thus making its courses 
all parallel, and its use somewhat different. 
But, begging your pardon for being too fast, 
we should have considered another circum¬ 
stance, which is all important. During the 
night there is an immense amount of free 
caloric thrown off from tho surfaco of tho 
earth, while on the opposite sido the earth 
is receiving heat; hence there must bo cur- 
rents induced in a direction parallel with 
tho plane of tho earth’s rotation, or from 
oast«to west. Those currents must bo two, 
both flowing towards the sun from opposite 
quarters, and if equally powerful they will 
neutralize each other, and so no regular 
current of electricity be established. But 
if ono of those currents bo moro powerful 
than tho other, this current will becomo 
permanent, and its influence will become 
predominant and unchanging. Tho timo 
of the highest temperature falls each day 
between ono and two o’clock p. m., and tho 
temperature is at its lowest mean by mid¬ 
night; and consequently, the points of great¬ 
est heat and greatest cold are nearer each 
other on tho evening sido of tho earth, henco 
the current there flowing towards tho sun 
is stronger than the current flowing on tho 
other side. Then tlio current which flows 
towards tho setting sun, or towards tho west 
must becomo tho established current, and 
such wo find to bo really tho caso. But this 
other minor opposite current will bo gene¬ 
rated by the sun’s heat each day, and will 
in consequence slightly disturb tho settled 
currents, as it is tho opposito in direction. 
This wo find to bo tho caso, too, as the daily 
deflection of tho needle shows. But at tho 
poles this diurnal change of temperaturo is 
not so powerful as aro the differences be¬ 
tween tho equatorial regions and the polar, 
consequently the currents hero will tend 
towards the equator. 
The positions of tho needlo at different 
parts of tho earth will be as follows : At the 
: equator and until within a certain distance 
from the poles, the magnetic needlo will 
stand north and south, with slight diurnal 
variations. Nearer the poles, tho needle 
will tend to stand at right angles with tho ! 
effluent currents from tho polos, and its di- I 
rection will then be east and west, as it I 
would under our first supposition. This | 
position of tho magnetic needlo will not, I 
however, bo permanent for several reasons, 
which aro as follows : First, the tempera¬ 
ture of the polar regions, as well as of tlioso 
at a lower latitude, varies at different sea¬ 
sons, and tho dift’erenco of temperature being 
less, the currents from the poles will bo less 
powerful, and the greater currents of elec¬ 
tricity will tend to establish themselves; and 
henco a fluctuation in tho courso of theso 
currents will frequently ariso. Secondly, 
wo will proceed to consider tho offoct of the 
yearly motion of the earth around the sun. 
Tho axis of the earth being inclined to the 
plane of the ecliptic, twenty-three and a 
half degrees, the north polo is warmer 
during a part of tho year than tho south 
pole is, hence the centre of the electrical 
globe is north of tho equator, whilo at an¬ 
other soason of the year, tho south becomes 
tho warmest, and tho magnetic equator 
tends to remove south. Theso changes, 
however slightly perceptible they may bo, 
aro the result of great causes, and the eauso 
of great changes, perhaps, in many depart¬ 
ments of the physical economy of the ter¬ 
restrial universe. 
Tho differences between tho temperatures 
of adjacent bodies of land and water, also 
produco changes in tho magnetic currents, so 
that there aro few places on earth where tho 
magnetic meridian coincides exactly with 
the meridian of tho oarth. Tho conclusions 
at which wo arrive from the preceding 
glanco at our subject are these. 1st, there 
aro no magnetic poles to bo found on tho 
earth’s surface. 2d, the needle points to 
different quarters in different latitudes— 
where tho latitude is high, it points to tho 
wost instead of north. C. H. Strowge^. 
Penfield, N. Y., June, 1851. 
New Invention.— Mr. Dtuaiel F: Tomp¬ 
kins, of New York, ha& ijivented, a. new fire 
engino. Tho plan is. to have one or iuoro 
gutta porcha, or- India rubber pipes, upon 
which revolve small rollers placod in a large 
wheel, Tho rollers press tho water out of 
tho pipe, or pipes, and tRop rise up to re¬ 
ceive another, supply of \vut.or f It works 
both, as a suction an,d fbrcq pump, and the 
model throws water to. a ; great distance. 
