MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
!35 
Qp (Dnijnri) anD (Sari)m. 
HOW TO POPULARIZE THE TASTE FOR 
PLANTING. 
How to popularize the tasto for rural 
beauty, which gives to every beloved home 
in the country its greatest outward charm, 
and to the country itself its highest attrac¬ 
tion, is a question which must often occur 
to many ot our readers. A traveler never 
journeys through England without lavish¬ 
ing all tho “ep.thots of admiration on the 
rural beauty of that gardenesquo country; 
and his praises are as justly due to the way¬ 
side cottages of the humble laborers, (whoso 
pecuniary condition of life is far below that 
of our numerous small house-holders.) as 
to the great palaces and villas. Perhaps 
the loveliest and most fascinating of tho 
“ cottage homes,” of which Mrs. Ilemans 
has so touchingly sung, are the clergymen's 
dwellings in that country ; dwellings for tho 
most part, of very moderate size, and no 
greater cost than are common in all the most 
thriving and popular parts of tho Union— 
but which, owing to the love of horticulture, 
and the taste for something above the mere¬ 
ly useful, which characterizes their owners, 
as a class, are, for tho most part, radiant 
with tho bloom and embellishment of the 
loveliest dowers and shrubs. 
The contrast with tho comparatively na¬ 
ked and neglected country dwellings that 
are the average rural tenements of our 
country at large, is very striking. Undoubt¬ 
edly. this is. in part, owing to tho fact that 
it takes a longer time, as Lord Bacon said 
a century ago, “ to garden finely than to 
build stately.” But the newness of our civ¬ 
ilization is not sufficient apology. If so, we 
should be spared tho exhibition of gay car¬ 
pets. fine mirrors and furniture in the “ front 
parlor,” of many a mechanic's, working¬ 
man's and farmer’s comfortable dwelling, 
where (lie “ bare and bald” have pretty near¬ 
ly supreme control in the “front yard.” 
* What we lack, perhaps, more than all, is, 
not the capacity to perceive and enjoy the 
beauty of ornamental trees and shrubs— 
tho rural .embellishment aliko of tho cot- 
tago and the villa, but wo are deficient in 
the knowledge, and the opportunity of know¬ 
ing how beautiful human habitations are 
made by a little taste, time, and means, ox- 
ponded in this way. 
Abroad, it is clearly seen, that tho taste 
has descended from the palace of the noble, 
and tho public -parks and gardens of the 
nation, to the hut of tho simple peasant; 
but here, while our institutions have wisely 
prevented the perpetuation of accumulated 
estates, that would speedily find their ex¬ 
pression in all the luxury of rural taste, wo 
have not yet risen to that general diffusion 
of culture and competence which may one 
day give to tho many, what in the old world 
belongs mainly to the favored few. In some 
localities, where that point has in some mea¬ 
sure been arrived at already, the result that 
wo anticipate, has in a good degree,already 
been attained. And there are, probably, 
more pretty rural homes within ten miles of 
Boston, owned by those who livo in them, 
and have made them, than ever sprung up 
in so short a space of time, in any part of 
the world. The tasto once formed there, it 
has become contagious, and is diffusing it¬ 
self among all conditions of men. and grad¬ 
ually elevating and making beautiful, .the 
whole neighborhood of that populous city. 
In tho country at largo, however, oven 
now, there cannot be said to be any thing 
like a general tasto for gardening, or for em¬ 
bellishing the houses of the people. We 
are too much occupied with making a great 
deal, to have reached that point when a man 
or a people thinks it wiser to understand 
how to enjoy a little well, than to exhaust 
both mind and body in getting an indefinite 
more. And there are also many who would 
gladly do something to give a sentiment to 
their houses, but are ignorant both of tho 
materials and tho way to set about it. Ac¬ 
cordingly, they plant odorous Ailanthuses 
and filthy poplars, to the noglect of grace¬ 
ful elms and salubrious maples. 
The influence of commercial gardens on 
tho neighborhood where they are situated, 
is one of tho best proofs of tho growth of 
taste—that our people havo no obtuseness 
of faculty, as to what is beautiful, but only 
lack information and example to embellish 
with tho heartiest good will. Take Roches¬ 
ter, N. Y., for instance—which, at tho pre¬ 
sent moment, has perhaps tho largest and 
most active nurseries in the Union. We are 
confident that the aggregate planting of 
fruits and ornamental trees, within fifty miles 
of Rochester, during tho last ten years, has 
been twice as much as has taken place, in 
tho same time, in any three of tho southern 
states. Philadelphia has long been famous 
for her exotic gardens, and now even the 
little yard plats of the city dwellings, 
are filled with roses, jasmines, Lagerstroe- 
mias, and the like. Such facts as these 
plainly provo to us, that only give our peo¬ 
ple a knowledge of tho beauty of fine trees 
and plants, and the method of cultivating 
them, and thoro is no sluggishness or inap¬ 
titude on the subject in the public mind. 
In looking about for tho readiest method 
of diffusing a knowledge of beautiful trees 
and plants, and thereby bettering our homes 
and our country, several means suggest 
themselves, which are worthy of attention. 
The first of these is, by what private in¬ 
dividuals matI do. 
There is scarcely a single fine private gar¬ 
den in the country, which does not possess 
plants that are perhaps more or less coveted 
or would at least bo greatly prized by neigh¬ 
bors who do not possess, and perhaps can¬ 
not easily procure them. Many owners of 
such places, cheerfully give away to their 
neighbors, any spare plants that they may 
possess; but tho majority declino, for the 
most part, to give away plants at all, because 
tho indiscriminate practice subjects them to 
numorous and troublcsomo demands upon 
both the time and generosity of even the 
most liberally disposed. But every gentle¬ 
man who employs a gardener, could well af¬ 
ford to allow that gardener to spend a cou¬ 
ple of days in a season, in proprgating some 
one or two really valuable trees, shrubs, or 
plants, that would be a decided acquisition 
to the gardens of his neighborhood. One or 
two specimens of such tree or plant, thus 
raised in abundance, might be distributed 
freely during the planting season, or during 
a given week of tho samo, to all who would 
engage to plant and take care of the same 
in their own grounds; and thus this tree or 
plant would soon become widely distributed 
about the whole adjacent country. Anoth¬ 
er season, still another desirable tree or 
plant might bo taken in hand, and when 
ready for homo planting, might be scattered 
broadcast among those who desire to pos¬ 
sess it, and so the labor of love might goon 
as convenience dictated, till the greater part 
of the garden, however small, within a con¬ 
siderable circumference, would contain at 
least several of the most valuable, useful, 
and ornamental trees and shrubs for the 
climate. 
The second means is, by what the nurse¬ 
ry men may do. 
\Yo are very well aware that tho first 
thought which will cross the minds of a sel¬ 
fish and narrow-minded nurseryman, (if any 
such read the foregoing paragraph.) is that 
such a course of gratuitous distribution of 
good plants, on the part of private persons, 
will speedily ruin his business. But ho was 
never more greatly mistaken, as both obser¬ 
vation and reason will convince him. Who 
are the nurseryman’s best customers ? That 
class of men who have long owned a gar¬ 
den, whether it be half a rood or many 
acres, who have never planted trees—or, if 
any, have but thoso not worth planting ? 
Not at all. His best customers are those 
who have formed a tasto for trees by plant¬ 
ing them, and who, having got a tasto for 
improving, are seldom idle in the matter, and 
keep pretty regular accounts with the deal¬ 
ers in tfees. If you cannot get a person 
who thinks he has but little time or taste 
for improving his place to buy trees, and ho 
will accept a plant, or a fruit tree, or a shade 
tree, now and then, from a neighbor whom 
ho knows to bo “curious in such things”— 
by all means, we say to the nurseryman, 
encourago him to plant at any rate and all 
rates. 
If that man’s tree turns out to his satis¬ 
faction, he is an amateur, one only begin¬ 
ning to pick tho shell, to be sure—but an 
amateur full fledged by-and-by. If he once 
gets a taste for gardening downright—if tho 
flavor of his own Rarerepes touch his palate 
but once, as something quite different from 
what ho has always like a contented, igno¬ 
rant donkey, bought in the market—if his 
Malmaison rose, radiant with the sentiment 
of the best of French women, and the love¬ 
liness of intrinsic bud-beauty oneo touches 
his hitherto dull eyes, so that tho scales of 
his blindness to the fact that one rose “ dif¬ 
fers from another,” fall off forever—then 
wo say thereafter, ho is one of the nursery¬ 
man’s best customers. Begging is both too 
slow and too dependent a position for him, 
and his garden soon fills up by ransacking 
tho nurseryman’s catalogues, and it is more 
likely to bo swamped by tho myriad of 
things which ho would think very much 
alike, (if ho had not bought them by differ¬ 
ent appellations,) than by any empty spa- 
cos waiting for tho liberality of more enter¬ 
prising cultivators. 
And thus, if the nurseryman can satisfy 
himself with our reasoning that he ought 
not to object to the amateur s becomingagra- 
tuitious distributor of certain plants, wo 
would persuade him for much tho same roa- 
son, to follow the example himself. No 
person can propagate a tree or plant with 
so little cost, and so much easo, as one whoso 
business it is to do so. And wo may add, 
no one is moro likely to know tho really do- 
sirablo varieties of trees or plants, than ho 
is. No one so well knows as himself, that 
tho newest things—most zealously sought 
af or at high prices—are by no means thoso 
which will give the most permanent satisfac¬ 
tion in a family garden. And accordingly, 
it is almost always the older and well-tried 
plants—thoso that the nurseryman can best 
afford to spare, thoso that he can grow most 
cheaply.—that he would best serve the dif¬ 
fusion of popular taste by distributing gra¬ 
tis. We think it "would be best for ail tho 
parties if the variety were very limited—and 
wo doubt whether tho distribution of two 
valuable hardy trees or climbers for fivo 
years, or till thoy became so common all 
over the surroundings as to make a distinct 
feature of embellishment, would not bo more 
serviceable than disseminating a large num¬ 
ber of species. It may appear to some of 
our commercial readers, an old recommen¬ 
dation to urge them to give away precisely 
that which it is their business to sell—but 
we are not talking at random, when we say 
most confidently, that such a course, steadi¬ 
ly pursued by amateurs and nurserymen 
throughout the country, forten years, would 
.increase the taste for planting, and tho de¬ 
mand for trees, five hundred fold. 
Tho third means is by ivhat the Horticul¬ 
tural Societies may do. 
Wo believe there aro now about forty 
Horticultural Societies in North America. 
Hitherto they havo contented themselves, 
year after year, with giving pretty much the 
same old schedule of premiums for the best 
cherries, cabbages, and carnations all over 
the country—till the stimulus begins to wear 
out—somewhat like tho effects of opium or 
tobacco, on confirmed habitues. Let them 
adopt our schemo of popularizing tho tasto 
for horticulture, by giving premiums of cer¬ 
tain solect small assortments of standard 
fruit trees, ornamental trees, shrubs and 
vines, (purchased by tho society of the nur¬ 
serymen,) to the cultivators of such small 
gardens—suburban door-yards—or cottage 
enclosures, within a distance of ten miles 
round, as tho inspecting committee shall de¬ 
cide to be best worthy, by their air of neat 
ness, order and attention of such premiums. 
In this way the valuable plants will fall into 
the right hands; the vender, of trees and 
plants will be directly the gainer, and the 
stimulus given to cottage gardens, and the 
spread of tho popular taste, will be imme¬ 
diate and decided. 
“ Tall oaks from little acorns grow”—is a 
remarkably trite aphorism, but one, the 
truth of which no ono who - knows the apti¬ 
tude of our people, or our intrinsic love of 
refinement and elegance, will under-rate or 
gain-say. If, by such simple means as we 
have hero pointed out, our great farm on 
this side of the Atlantic, with the water priv¬ 
ilege of both oceans, could be made to wear 
a little less tho air of Canada-tlvistle-dom. 
and show a little moro sign of blossoming 
liko the rose, we should look upon it as a 
step so much nearer the millennium. In 
Saxony, the traveler beholds with no less 
surprise than delight, on the road between 
Wiessenfels and Halle, quantities of the 
most beautiful and rare shrubs and flowers, 
growing along tho foot-paths, and by the 
sides of the hedges which line tho public 
promenades. The custom prevails there 
among private individuals who have beau 
tiful gardens, of annually planting some ol 
their surplus material along these public 
promenades, for the enjoyment of those who 
have no gardens. And the custom is met in 
tho same beautiful spirit by the people at 
large; for in tho main, those embellishments 
that turn the highway into pleasure grounds 
are respected, and grow and bloom as it 
within the enclosures. 
Does not this argue a civilization among 
these “down-trodden nations” of Central 
Europe, that would not be unwelcome in this 
our land of equal rights and free schools: 
—Downing s Horticulturist. 
BIRDS AND LOOKING GLASSES. 
A Paragraph which has its origin some¬ 
where in the East, has been going the rounds 
of tho papers, in which tho writer strongly 
recommends the use of looking glasses loi 
thopurposo of frightening birds from fruit 
trees. Having a number of young cherry 
trees, (in bearing this season for the first 
tiino,) and being very desirous of ascertain¬ 
ing the character of the fruit they bore. I 
tried several devices to frighten away the 
birds, who were making terrible havoc 
amongst them; but all my attempts were 
failures. At length the looking glass rem¬ 
edy was thought of, and quite a number ot 
pieces of broken looking glass of good size 
were procured. These I suspended as per 
direction, in various parts of the trees, las- 
lening them in such a manner that the 
slightest breeze would cause them to turn. 
Having arranged them all very nicely. I 
sat down under a neighboring treo for the 
purpose of enjoying the terrible fright in 
store for the little featherd thieves. Pre¬ 
sently a male robin alighted on one of the 
trees, and much to my surprise and chagrin, 
proceeded as leisurely to pluck a cherry, as 
though no such thing as looking glasses 
wero hanging around. A black bird came 
next, and followed the example of the robin, 
and immediately after him, a small dock of 
thoso arrant thieves—cherry birds. Had 
each one taken a cherry and with it his de¬ 
parture, I could have borne it, but the scamps 
instead of acting thus, perched themselves 
near the finest clusters, and selecting the 
ripest, commenced pecking them most un¬ 
mercifully, the looking glasses to the con¬ 
trary notwithstanding. Seeing this, I gave 
up in despair, firmly.convinced that either 
the birds in our vicinity were not easily 
frightened, or that the looking glass exper¬ 
iment was a humbujr— Pa. Journal. 
TrWfluniif CsJrf vV ^riftllT velocit y- dlpart from velocity, ono pound 
VXUiyUUU vv (yvllliU. Has great a power as is ono thousand lbs. 
GRAFTING EVERGREENS. 
Tiie French nurserymen are very success- 
| ful in grafting evergreens, and practice it as 
| follows : “Tho proper time for grafting- 
pines, is when the young shoots have made 
i about three-quarters of their length, and are 
still so herbaceous as to break like a shoot 
of asparagus. The shoot of the stock is 
then broken off about two inches below its 
terminal bud ; tho leaves are stripped off 
from 20 to 24 lines down from the extremi¬ 
ty, leaving, however, two pairs of leaves op¬ 
posite and close to tho upper end of the 
shoot so headed back—which leaves are of 
great importance for drawing up the sap. 
Tho shoot or stock is then split to the depth 
of two inches, with a very thin knife, be¬ 
tween the two pairs of leaves left; the scion 
is then prepared—tho lower part boing 
stripped of its leaves to the length of two 
inches, and is then cut to a wedge and in¬ 
serted. in the ordinary mode of cleft graft¬ 
ing. The graft, is tied with a strip of wool¬ 
en, and a cap of paper is fastened to a stake, 
and firmly fixed over tho whole graft, to 
protect it from tho sun and rain. At the 
end of 15 days this cap is removed, and the 
ligature at the end of a month.” Some ev¬ 
ergreens. grafted in this way, make a second 
growth of five or six inches the first year— 
but most sorts do not start till the next year. 
— Downing’s Horticulturist. 
Cure for Melon Bugs. —Dr. Hull, of 
Newburgh, raised a large crop of Melons, by 
a process thus stated in the Horticulturist: 
“ Bugs were completely expelled by wa¬ 
tering the plants daily with a strong decoc¬ 
tion of quassia, made by pouring four gal¬ 
lons of boiling water on four pounds of 
quassia, in a barrel, and after twelve hours 
filling the barrel with water. The intoler¬ 
able squash or jmmpkin bug was thoroughly 
driven off by a decoction of double strength, 
containing a pound of glue to ten gallons, 
to make it adhere. The result was, a pro¬ 
duct of “ sixteen hundred superb melons, tin 
less than ono sixth of an acre of ground.” 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 
For the week ending July 13, 1S52. 
Samuel Audio, late of Buffalo, N. Y., for im¬ 
provements in machines for tonguing boards. 
Seth P. Caipenter, of Milford, Mass., for im¬ 
proved instruments for driving nails in dillicult 
places. 
Janies F. Duffey, of Philadelphia, Pa., for im¬ 
provement in cast iron caissons. 
John G. Gilbert, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in threshing machines. 
Furman Hand, jr., of Chicago, Ill., for improve¬ 
ment in shingle machines. 
John P. Martin, of Philadelphia, Pa., for im¬ 
provement in railroad car brakes. 
John McLaughlin, of Goshen, 0., for improvc- 
m nt in churns. 
Robert L. Nohlet, of Haverford, Va., for im¬ 
provement in shingle machines. 
Henry M. Paine, of Worcester, Mass., for im¬ 
provement in benzole lights. 
Win. Reading, of Washington, D. C., for im¬ 
provement in corn shellers. 
Hiram M. Scoville, of Chicago, 111., for im¬ 
provement in cast iron car wheels. 
Isaac A. Sergeant, of Hamilton, 0., for im¬ 
provement in beadstead fastenings. 
Jonathan S. Turner, of New Haven, Conn., for 
improvement in alarm clocks. 
Jacob G. Winger, of Vicksburg, Miss., for im¬ 
provement in cotton presses. 
Joshua Woodward, of Harvevhill, N. II., for 
improvement in seed planters. 
Marcus R.Stephenson, of Boston, Mass, assignor 
to Edwin Holman, of same place, for improve¬ 
ment in door locks. 
RE-ISSUE. 
Ransom Crosby, jr., of New York, N. Y., as¬ 
signee of Ransom Crosby, of same place, assignee 
of II. D. Edgcomb, of same place, for improve¬ 
ment in machines for tonguing boards. Patented 
April Id, 1052. 
DESIGNS. 
Wm. F. Pratt and George W. Bosworth, of Mil¬ 
ford, Me., for design for cooking stove. 
Samuel D. Vose, of Albany, N. Y., for design 
for a cooking stove. 
Charles Zenner, of Cincinnati, 0., assignor to 
M. Greenwood <fc Co., of same place, for design 
for a bat and umbrella stand. 
Ay olios Richmond, of Providence, R. I., as¬ 
signor to A. C. Bar.stow & Co., of same place, for 
design for a portable gate. 
THE STATIC PRESSURE ENGINE, AGAIN. 
There is one lesson we may learn from 
tho oysters, to live in mud and yet imbibe 
nothing but pure water. 
Messrs. Editors :—I find that my article 
under the above heading has called out a 
“ Review,” in which tho gentleman writing 
has scon fit to accuse me and the editors of 
the Scientific American, of “ridiculing and 
decrying, instead of reasoning the thing 
down.” Allow me to ask Mr. Hart if he has 
read the articlo published in the Scientific 
American, from which I quoted ? If not. 
bo lias no right to assert that they havo 
failed in supporting their assertions. And 
1 would further ask if he has seen tho draw¬ 
ings, specifications, etc., or a model of tho 
engine ? If not, ho is not able to judgo 
whether we have failed or not, in establish¬ 
ing our position. 
I gather from thq opening remarks in 
his articlo, that ho has not investigated tho 
subject further than he has been able to do 
so by means of tho two articles which have 
appeared in the Rural upon the subject.— 
If this is the case, wo would state to Mr. 
Hart, that tho article of the 24th Juno, was 
not written to refute tho reasoning of the 
inventors of the “ Static Engine,” but to 
contradict and show tho falsity of the state¬ 
ment in the article from the Sunday Times, 
that the highest mechanical authority in tho 
country admits that it can find no flaw in 
tho invention. Tho extracts given from tho 
Scientific American, wero introduced to show 
that the position of the inventors of tho 
Engine was assailed and declared untenable 
by the conductors of a sheet which sustains 
as high a place as any in the list of author¬ 
ities on all subjects involving tho discussion 
of mechanical principles. 
But wo will now proceed to examine “ tho 
way in which wo are used up ” by Mr. Hart. 
He says, “ I will examine now whether the 
American has shown what it proposes.— 
They commence their demonstration by rid¬ 
iculing the answer l’rof. Bull gives to a 
certain question. The American says, * tho 
question is asked him (Prof. Bull) how 
much power is required to givo a certain 
weight a certain velocity in a certain direc¬ 
tion, and ho says, ‘ so many pounds.’ He 
might more intelligently have said, ‘1GG po¬ 
tatoes.’ Tho question that is asked Prof. 
Bull can bo answered, or it cannot. If it 
cannot, why do not tho editors of tho Amer¬ 
ican show it ? If it can, and Prof. Bull 
has not answered it right, why do not the 
editors or Mr. S. do it and correct him ? 
But no; it is far easier, and perhaps more 
convenient to ridicule.” . 
Wo request the gentleman to have pa¬ 
tience, while wo turn to our reviewed arti¬ 
clo, and quote from a quotation from the 
American. After tho ridicule, they say, 
There is no power in mere weight. Me¬ 
chanical power is tho weight multiplied into 
As dead weight cannot generate a velocity, 
it cannot create a centrifugal form, nor move 
a screw one hair’s breadth.” If Mr. Hart 
cannot perceive the application of tho above 
well known laws of mechanics, quoted by 
Messrs. Munn & Co., bo must bo the school 
boy, now grown up, who, on being asked 
by his teacher if ho could not draw an in¬ 
ference, replied,—“ Wall, goss I kin ; but 
’fi can’t, dad’s got a yoke or cattle at hum 
wot ’ll draw enny thing short o’ three tun.” 
The justice and conclusiveness of tho Amer¬ 
ican’s remarks wore so obvious that I deemed 
it needless to add ono world of comment, 
and I shall not comment on it further hero. 
But wo are not yet done with our learned 
critic. He says further : “After demolish¬ 
ing Prof. Bull’s answer, in their self-judg¬ 
ing wisdom, they proceed to deal with tho 
main error, etc., etc.” To tho remarks of 
tho gentleman upon our “'dealings with tho 
main error,” wo will simply reply that it re¬ 
mains with him to (if ho can) refute our 
reasons, not to “ ridicule and decry” them- 
The illustration which ho gives of tho gen¬ 
eration of a forco by tho change of direc¬ 
tion, is a stunner to our efforts. It was very 
curious, wasn’t it, that the horses were not 
able to stop tho sleigh at once by turning 
asido ! Very strango indeed that the wood 
rack and boys should have continued on 
with nothing to stop thorn, until they land¬ 
ed in a snow bank ! Surely, here was a won¬ 
derful development of power ! Those boys 
should have profited from the accident, and 
have contrived a wood-rack-engino, pro- 
polled by tho centrifugal force, generated 
by the turns at the forks of tho roads. Tho 
reference to Mr. Comstock’s phraso “gen¬ 
erated in tho arms,” proves the ignorance of 
our reviewer of tho discussions upon ma¬ 
chines, etc., which have lately occupied much 
of tho attention of tho enlightened mechan¬ 
ics. Tho term “ generated,” when applied 
to centrifugal forco. has long been rejected 
by the highest mechanical authority in the 
country. But further. Mr. Hart says, “ I 
will only notice another assertion which the 
American lays down as a principle. No body 
in motion can give out a greater power than 
that impressed upon it. Mr. Strowgf.r’s 
illustration, if it proves any thing, proves 
this position false. I will take his numbers, 
but instead of a ball. I will take a wheel.— 
The velocity of a wheel is 4, tlio weight 4 
lbs. The power then will he sixteen. If 
the velocity is increased 4 limes” (4X1=10) 
“ then will the power bo sixty-four. Here 
its velocity is increased only four times, with 
a gain of from sixteen to G4.” (4x-lXl=6-0 
This is a curious way to go to work at dis¬ 
provin'! my conclusions ;—making a differ¬ 
ent body answer the same conditions. Mr. 
Hart says that neither tho American nor 
Mr. S. havo shown Prof. Bull’s answers to 
the first and second questions to be incoi - - 
rect. Wo leavo it to any candid individual 
to judge whether this is tho case or not.— 
If Mr. Hart is not satisfied with tho above 
explanations, ho can probably get a moro 
conclusive demonstration of the fallacy of 
tho supposed invention by studying tho 
works of Daniells, Johnson, Muller, Laud- 
nek, and others, on tho laws of mechanics ; 
arid further let me observe, it is folly to deny 
settled principles, even though tho object 
to bo gained is tho erection of a “ Static 
Pressure Engine.” 
Lastly, as to Mr. Hart’s charges of in¬ 
consistency, failure, ignorance and ridicule, 
allow me to say that thoso who livo in glass 
houses should throw no stones, and thcro- 
I’oro tho charges should have been sup¬ 
pressed by him. C. II. Stiiowger. 
Pcnfield, June, 1852. 
Looking Glasses on Locomotives. —Tho 
practice of placing a looking glass before 
tho engineers in locomotives, inclined in 
such a way as to enable him to see tho whole 
train behind him, without turning, is grad¬ 
ually becoming universal on the continent. 
Many roads in France have adopted tho 
plan, tho greater part of thoso in Austria 
have tried it successfully, and tho locomo¬ 
tives on tho Brussels to Antwerp road havo 
been just fitted with tho necessary reflectors. 
Should a car or any portion of tho train be- 
como detached, should an axle break, or in 
short, any accident happen, tho engineer 
sees it at once. If our directors at homo 
would consent to make the experiment up¬ 
on thoir engines, I am sure wo should hear 
losss frequently of loss of life and limb.—- 
Tho plan is certainly worth the trial.— Cor. 
JY. L Commercial. 
Incrustations in Steam Boilers. — A 
patent has been granted in England to T. 
Ashworth, of Bristol, for a compound whose 
object is to prevent incrustations in new 
boilers and to loosen them in old ones. It 
should bo introduced in the boiler twice a 
week in the propoit : on of one gallon fi>r 
each thirty horso power. The compound is 
prepared by mixing intimately 35 gallons of 
coal tar, 21 gallons of linseed water, 5 lbs., 
of pulverized black lead, and 8 lbs., of cas- 
tile soap. Linseed water is prepared by 
boiling 14 lbs., of seed in 21 gallons of wa¬ 
ter and removing tho seed. Tho mixture is 
of a creamy coi slstenee. 
