MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
ccss. In tho first place, the. land must bo 
kept cloar from surplus water, if ho is de¬ 
sirous of raising anything but wild and mis¬ 
erable grass. It must be made rich, or it 
will grow nothing of any value, and when 
it is thus made dry and rich, if it is allowed 
to be overgrown by weeds, the grain is de¬ 
prived of all sustenance. 
These three things are absolutely and es¬ 
sentially necessary, and yet some ono or 
two of them are constantly neglected, on 
almost every farm in the country. If the 
ground is not kept clear of tho surplus 
water, its value is gone. If it is not well 
manured, tho grain or grass will not grow, 
for they require food as well as your horses 
and cattle. If when this food is furnished 
by tho proper kind of manure, what avails 
it if you allow tho weeds to get in, and eat 
i£ up from your plants. But if thoso three 
pro-requisites are faithfully attended to, 
then with a proper rotation of crops, doop 
plowing and clean seed, sown in due season, 
with God’s blessing on your labors, you will 
have a full and abundant crop. If you fail 
in either of these, although the bow of the 
covenant may still span tho Heavens to 
show that the seed time and the harvest are 
still allotted to us by our Heavenly Father, 
to you the harvest will come in vain, or be 
shorn of its richost blessings. 
MR. JOHNSTON’S FARM, NEAR GENEVA. 
The Editor of the Boston Cultivator, 
Sanford Howard, Esq., in his recent 
“Notes by tho Way” of a visit to several 
places in this State, thus speaks of the farm 
of Mr. John Johnston, of Seneca County : 
Contiguous to tho farm of Mr. Delafiold 
is that of Mr. John Johnston. Our readers 
will recollect the late mention of Mr. J. in 
connection with the subject of drainage.— 
Since his report to the State Agricultural 
Society was made, an extract from which ap¬ 
peared in a kwto number of this paper, lie 
lias laid down on his farm upwards of 1(1,000 
tiles, making in the whole upwards of 100,- 
000," extending to an aggregate length of 
more than twenty miles. 
I had not had tho opportunity of exam¬ 
ining Mr. Johnston’s farm for four or five 
years, and I was anxious to see the etfeets 
of the system of drainage on which ho had 
then just fairly entered. They have beon 
all that tho most sanguino could have anti¬ 
cipated. Mr. J.’s leading crop is wheat.— 
When ho made his purchase of a part of his 
present farm, it was regarded by many, and 
even by the former owner, as worn out, and 
“ fit for nothing but white beans.” Ills first 
crop was of course comparatively light.— 
He saw that tho main difficulty wqs want of 
drainage. This caused the grain to “ freeze 
out,” and packed the soil, as hard as a sun¬ 
burnt brick. He commenced draining, and 
his Dutch neighbors commenced laughing 
at him, saying that his crop would be “ all 
dried up beforo it was half grown.” They 
were amazed that tho result was directly 
opposite from their expectations; but did 
not fail to note tho unfavorable contrast 
which their own crops presented when com¬ 
pared with thoso produced on Mr. Jolmston’s 
drained land. 
The advantages of draining have not boon 
confinod to tho wheat crop, but have been 
very conspicuous in all other crops, not ex¬ 
cepting clover and grass, which are more 
luxuriant and nutritious in many instances 
after draining than they were beforo. His 
wheat crop, of which he has generally from 
sixty to eighty acres in a year, has averaged 
thirty to thirty-five bushels to the acre.— 
This year, when much complaint is made of 
wheat having “ frozen out,” and of the wee¬ 
vil, or wheat-midge having greatly injured 
it, his crop will, according to tho estimation 
of tho best judges average over thirty bush¬ 
els to the aero. There was no “ freezing 
out” here,—every grain sown vegetated, 
and every plant bore its propor quota. The 
fields 'were so even iii yield that little or no 
difference could bo seen in tho different 
parts. One field comprised about two acres 
of land which never till this year produced 
a crop of any kind—it had only borne coarse, 
sour water grasses. It was drained last 
year and sown to wheat in autumn, in con 
noction with tho rest of tho field. It has 
produced such a crop as I never beforo saw, 
and a similar admission has been made by 
all who have seen it, among whom are sev¬ 
eral of tho best wheat farmers in New York. 
I have heard no ono estimate tho yield of 
this part of tho field at less than fifty bush¬ 
els to tho acre, and it is generally said, “ if 
there was no midge in it, it would roach six¬ 
ty bushels to the acre.” 
But tho midge has not injured Mr. John- 
ton’s wheat near as much as it has that»on 
many other farms in this section, and this 
exemption, Mr. J. says, is attributable to 
draining. Tho explanation is clear and sat¬ 
isfactory. It is known that tho earliest 
winter whoat is least subject to the attack 
of tho midge; hence tho Mediterranean va¬ 
riety which is very early, is often adopted 
where this insect prevails. Early wheat 
reaches a stago in which it is not attacked 
by tho time the midgo makes its appearance. 
In oonsequenco of Mr. Johnston’s whoat be¬ 
ing on drained land, it started oarly and 
mado rapid progress to maturity, gaining 
tlireo or four days over wheat on similar 
land undrained—and thistimo was sufficient 
to save tho crop from serious damage. 
It would be wrong, however, to say that 
Mr. Johnston’s groat success in producing 
wheat and other crops is wholly owing to 
draining. IIis method of cultivation is very 
thorough in all respects. IIis soil is natu- 
rolly quite tenacious, which in his opinion 
renders fallowing expedient for wheat. IIo 
plows deep, and works tho soil to a fino 
tilth. IIis general plan combines both 
stock-feeding and grain-growing. This is 
tho true system, and I may say is the only 
ono by which the fertility of tho soil can bo 
permanently sustained without extraneous 
aid. Mr. j. has formerly kept shoep, to 
tho number of 1,000 to 1,200 but latterly has 
reducod his flock to 150, substituting cattle 
in their place. Ho fattens the cattle chiefly 
in winter. Ho has fattened 83 head since 
last fall. IIis practice is to buy a lot of 
throo or four year old cattle in November or 
December, and turn them off to fat in Feb¬ 
ruary; then put up another lot which are 
only moderately fed till the grass is ready to 
turn them on, when their feeding at the barn 
is discontinued, and by grass only, the ani¬ 
mals are soon ready for tho butcher. He has 
just sold seventeen head of three and four 
year olds, not yet driven away, for $4 per 
hundred, live weight—tho lot averaging 1,- 
, 500 lbs. each. 
It will readily be soen that by this sys¬ 
tem, Mr. Johnson provides himself with 
large quantities of rich manure. This is 
applied chiefly to tho Indian corn crop, of 
which he raises every year a large quantity, 
which constitutes the principal material in 
fattening his stock. IIis farm is all tho 
time growing richer and his crops better, 
and yet he says he has never bought any 
manure, nor of late years any material to 
make it. There aro many points in his 
management which I regard as particularly 
judicious, and concerning which I shall have 
occasion to speak hereafter. IIis fixtures 
for stall-feeding aro decidedly tho best I 
have over seen. I liavo been furnished with 
diagrams of them, which I hope soon to 
place in tho hands of tho engraver. 
REVIEW OF WOOL MARKET FOR JULY, 1852. 
Speculators and dealers have been sadly dis¬ 
appointed in the wool market thus far, this season 
They were determined in the spring to keep out 
of the market, and thus compel the farmers to sell 
at the very low figures which appear in the circular 
we gave in our last, which was fully 10 cts. below 
the average of last year. The farmers, however, 
did not get alarmed, and the wool kept back.— 
They were finally compelled to come up to nearly 
or quite last years prices, or not buy ; and they 
did come up to them in all cases where the farmers 
held on. The market has continued firm, and 
prices have been tending upward, and continue to 
do so,—and when this years clip gets well forward 
there will be a still further advance. There is a 
very perceptible advance in the English markets, 
with a prospect of a still further advance before 
the autumn sales. The stocks of both foreign and 
domestic arc very much reduced. The imports 
into Liverpool of foreign wool, for the month of 
May, 1852, were 2,250 bales against 9,660 for the 
same month in 1851,—and there is a like falling 
off in the other ports. 
Prices range as follows : 
Common to one-fourth blood,.30@34e. 
Half to three-fourths blood,.32@38c. 
Full blood Merino,.38@i5c. 
. Do. Saxo.43@55c.n, 
— Wool Grower & Stock Register for August. 
PROPER SIZE FOR FARMS. 
No error is more universal than for Ty¬ 
ros in farming operations to suppose, that 
tho business of farming may bo pursued 
without means, and that first crops may be 
obtained from tho soil without any addi¬ 
tions. Nor is this error confined to the 
unitiated only—for many farmers continuo 
to plod on, trusting simply to tho waste ma¬ 
terials of tho farm for manures, and raising 
small crops at full expenditure for labor, 
and no expenditure for manure, and much 
loss amount of labor as compared with the 
increased amount of crop. For these rea¬ 
sons many farmers fail of succoss, and they 
are generally constrained to follow this 
practice, from having farms of great sizo, 
and insufficient cash capital for their proper 
management. 
Current cash means, equal to twenty-five 
dollars per aero for tho amount of laud in 
use, is absolutely necessary for success, and 
even this sum is tho very smallest amount 
that can bo used with profit. With such an 
amount tho farmer may buy his fertilizing- 
materials at proper seasons of the year, 
liavo them properly prepared, and uso them 
in tho most economical manner. Ho may 
then have every acre of his farm in a condi¬ 
tion to produce a maximum amount of pro¬ 
fit. When labor is misapplied, it is lost for¬ 
ever, but if an excess of manure should bo 
used it still remains, if properly prepared 
beforo uso, for future crops, and with many 
amendments it appears to bo nearly or quite 
impossible to use an oxcess quantity. 
As an instance, suppose a crop of corn 
to bo raised with ordinary manuring, tho 
labor of culture twelve dollars per acre, 
and this crop resulting forty, bushels of 
sholled corn. Let us suppose a similar acre, 
to which thirty dollars worth of manure 
is applied, thirteon dollars labor, and tho 
product a hundred bushels of shelled corn ; 
it will readily bo soen, counting on the corn 
alone, the first crop, the corn being worth 
fifty cents per bushel, makes a loss to the 
farmer of four dollars ; and probably leaves 
his land impoverished, while the last makes 
a gain of seven dollars in corn, leaving the 
land improved, certainly to the value of 
half the cost of manure applied, and the 
next year in tho succcssiou of crops, tho 
ratio of profit will bo materially increased 
in favor of tho more highly manured land. 
With many of tho heavier crops the labor 
constitutes two-thirds of their cost, and, 
therefore, if tho crop can bo increased by 
the application of manure without material 
extra labor, such oxcess of crop is at much 
less.cost and yields much larger profit.— 
IVurking Farmer. 
Analysis of Bran and Oil Cake. — W. 
II. Brewer, of Ithaca, N. Y., refors to the 
analysis of wheat bran, corn and oil cake, 
from which he draws the conclusion that ma¬ 
nure formed by 200 lbs., of oil cake is more 
than is derived from 300 lbs., of Indian corn. 
300 lbs., of corn contains but l lb. of phos¬ 
phoric acid; 100 lbs., of oil-cako contain 
aSout 2J lbs. 
THE LATE NATIONAL CONVENTION. 
Thus ended tho National Agricultural 
Convention. It has merely acted as tho 
forerunner of a National Agricultural So¬ 
ciety; and as this, in its future deliberations, 
may possibly be saved from being made tho 
arena for busy politicians to belch forth 
their fulsome and hypocritical compliments 
to farmers, wo may hope that tho most im¬ 
portant interests of our country may find 
able advocates, sufficiently fearless to speak 
of agriculture on its own merits, without 
tho fear of having their remarks construed 
into ingenious attempts at interfering with 
the less important subject of political 
brawling. 
We aro sorry to say that some of the 
members of tho National Agricultural Con¬ 
vention, talked of an Agricultural Bureau, 
instead of an Agricultural Department, but 
leaving this subject to the wisdom of Con¬ 
gress; where, instead of meeting with tho 
unbiased views of tho members, it will bo, 
as it always has been, swallowed up in the 
maelstrom of unimportant business, when 
estimated by thoso who have failed to give 
its importance proper study. Have we not 
exercised our politeness in waiting for the 
superior judgment of Congress to apply it¬ 
self to the protection of agriculture and -its 
advancement, long enough ? From the days 
of Washington, who recommended an Agri¬ 
cultural Department, to the present time, 
we have been amused and put to sleep by 
such expi’essions as thoso recommending 
the Convention to await tho wisdom of 
Congress, without suggesting a plan of 
operation. 
Agriculture either is or is not moro 
important than any other of the great in¬ 
terests ; and if it is, wo should ask our rep¬ 
resentatives in Congress to establish an 
Agricultural Department, equal in position 
with that of any other department of the 
government, and we should not ask them to 
establish it as an appondago to any other 
department. It has been located in a cellar 
room- of tho Patent Office, with an organi¬ 
zation resembling that of a garret room to 
a seed-selling establishment, rather than 
tho representative of tho great interest of Ag¬ 
riculture. Congress will give the farmers no 
more than they ask for and therefore, they 
should ask for no less than they desire, nor 
should they bo so much afraid of giving of¬ 
fence to Congress, by stating precisely what 
thoy do want. If the wisdom of Congress, 
in its full exorcise for moro than fifty years, 
urged by tho messages of Presidents and by 
the bombastic praise of tho farming inter¬ 
est by its members, have failed to establish 
an Agricultural Department, how can wo 
hope that they will do so from a moro sug¬ 
gestion. If you ask for a Department, they 
may givo you a Bureau under tho control 
of a commissioner of some other depart¬ 
ment; but demand a Department, with a 
Secretary of Agriculture holding equal rank 
with the Secretary of War and tho Secre¬ 
tary of tho Navy, and accept of nothing 
else, and they must eventually yield to the 
propriety and necessity of the case. It is 
useless to withhold tho fact, that farmers, 
liko other citizens, liavo rights, and these 
rights have not received tho same advan¬ 
tages from government as have been award¬ 
ed to others, and our politicians may rest 
assured, that unless they act, and that 
speedily, thoy will find that four-fifths of 
tho community can present a party, with 
the establishment of an Agricultural De¬ 
partment as their aim, superior in princi¬ 
ples, and equal in talent, to any other party 
now existing.— Working Farmer. 
WHAT IS WORTH DOING DO WELL- 
To none of tho business of life does this 
injunction apply with so much forco as to 
that of tho farmer. The mechanic and pro¬ 
fessional man are also reminded that their 
work should be done well. All classes of 
men and all branches of business prospor 
in proportion to tho strictness with which 
this rule is lived up to. It is safe every¬ 
where to concludo that if a thing is worth 
doing at all, it may bo made profitable gener¬ 
ally by doing thoroughly and well. The 
farmer who occupies a farm of two hun¬ 
dred acres, whonffiis means would allow him 
to take proper®caro of but fifty acres, does 
his work badly and gets but poor returns. 
Fifty acres of land mado good and produc¬ 
tive is more profitable than ono hundred 
acres of land, tolerably good, and but indif¬ 
ferently cultivated. And yet aro seen hun¬ 
dreds of farmers who liavo largo farms un¬ 
der their direction who get but scanty 
crops. They labor hard, but don’t seem to 
get along well. Tho truth is, they get but 
half crops, vvhilo their outgoes, in tho shapo 
of extra labor, extra interest on investment 
&c., aro doubled. The testimony of all is 
that such a courso is bad policy, and it un¬ 
doubtedly is bad policy, but still hundreds 
pursue it, working hard all their lifetime, 
and conclude that tho business of tilling tho 
soil is a hard business. Let them adopt tho 
motto “do well whatever you do,” and till¬ 
ing the soil is not so hard after all.— Jeffer¬ 
son Farmer. 
IIow r ro Judge Cattle. — In all domestic 
animals, tho skin or hide forms ono of tho 
best means by which to estimate thoir fat¬ 
tening properties. In the handling of oxen, 
if the hide bo found soft and silky to tho 
touch, it affords a proof of tondency to take 
on flesh. A beast having a perfect touch, 
will have a thick, loose skin, floating, as it 
wero, on a layer of soft fat, yielding to tho 
slightest pressuro, and springing back to¬ 
wards the finger liko a piece of soft leather. 
Such a skin will bo usually covered with an 
abundance of soft, glossy hair, feeling like a 
bod of moss, and hence is termed a mossy 
skin. But a thick set, hard skin, always 
handles hard, and indicates a hard feedor. 
It is loss difficult to hido a thousand 
pounds than a hole in ono’s coat. 
THE CROPS OF NEW YORK. 
Having run ovor a good part of our State 
within the past ten days, we have made notes 
on tho growing or harvested crops of 1852, 
throughout this State, which sum up as 
follows: 
Wheat. —The general yield has been good 
and tho grain is bright and sound. Wo hear 
of partial failure in certain localities, but 
believe the average yield is a large ono. It 
is now grown in the eastern half of the State, 
while throughout the valley of the Genesoo 
and its neighborhood it is a chief staplo. 
Rye. —Little grown, but that little has 
come in well. Rye is a sure crop, and this 
has been a good year for it. 
Oats.—A great breadth sown, especially 
through tho eastern half of the State. So 
much as was got in early is turning out 
pretty well, though rather short in the straw, 
by reason of the general drouth ; tho late 
sown is not yet ripe throughout the north¬ 
ern and hill country, but will probably como 
in light. 
Indian Corn. —A largo area planted, but 
the yield will not be more than two-thirds 
of a full one. Tho spring was cold and 
backward; the summer has been dry and 
not particularly warm; and, though there 
aro some good fields on the warm plains of 
Long Island and in the rich bottoms of tho 
rivers, the general aspect is discouraging.—• 
On the uplands of Delaware, Chenango, 
Madison, Herkimer, &c., we think there will 
not bo half a crop. 
Potatoes. —A great breadth was planted 
last spring, and, in spito of tho severe 
drouth, they generally promise avcII. We 
never saw the potato look moro healthy and 
thrifty when in blossom than it does now, 
through tho greater part of our State.— 
Since the rot attacked the potato, its yield 
has been greatly diminished, but wo shall bo 
disappointed if the crop of 1852 is not a 
good ono, and tho price moro moderate than 
it has been for five or six years. 
Hay and Grass. —Hay has come in light 
almost universally; there certainly cannot 
bo two-thirds of a crop throughout the 
State; wo think not half a ono through tho 
southern half of it. Oat straw must bo 
largely relied on for fodder the coming win¬ 
ter. We have not observed that the farmers 
have provided for tho inevitable deficiency 
by sowing roots, as they should have done 
through tho last month. Pasturago is very 
short; many of the hill pastures in Chenan¬ 
go, Delaware, &c., aro utterly bare of grass, 
and cattle aro suffering in consoquonce.— 
Tho drouth is most severe throughout tho 
Delaware and Susquehanna region; wo 
crossed streams whereon saw-mills are run 
for several months in each year now desti¬ 
tute of a drop of running water. Butter 
and cheese must inevitably bo deficient, and 
lean beef superabundant this fall, unless 
other grazing sections have fared hotter for 
rain than ours have. 
Fruit. —Fall fruit will bo scarco this year. 
Peaches are scarce and lato; a groat many 
trees were killed by the sevoro cold of last 
winter. Apples were in good part cut off’ 
by late frosts in May; thoso which were not 
aro small and late, but rather numerous 
than otherwise. There never beforo was 
such a scarcity of dried fruit in our city as 
this summer, and wo advise all who have 
oithcr apples or poaches fit to dry, to savo 
them carefully.— JY. Y. Tribune, Jlug. 4 th. 
BOB’S NOTION OF BOOK FARMING. 
Bob, the farmer’s son, thus expresses his 
notion of an improved system of farming 
in tho Indiana Farmer : 
I have only to say to you, that I wish you 
would keop your agricultural paper to your¬ 
selves, and away from our house. Since 
tho old man has been taking it thcro is no 
“ rest for the wicked,” certain. IIo keeps 
us hauling muck, (as ho calls it,) manure— 
old ashes, and even makes us clean out the 
pig-pen and put tho filth on the fields.— 
Formerly there was some mercy shown tho 
horses, for wo plowed only three or four in¬ 
ches deep, but now. nothing loss than ten 
inches will do, and tho corn ground is to bo 
plowed below that, with a new plow he has 
just bought. 
The next thing, I presume, will bo to take 
tho bottom out of tho well ! Wo used to 
take* the Palladium, and he would suck 
down tho politics contained in it as gospol 
truths, and had plenty of time to spend half 
a day any time to talk about who should bo 
eloctod, and who should not. But he don’t 
read tho paper now, and ho is as anxious to 
get tho Farmer, as ho was formerly to have 
election day come round. lie is all the time 
talking about new “ fertilizers,” how varie¬ 
ties of seed, who will got premiums, &c.— 
Ho don’t only talk either, but ho makes us 
boys boo to it from morning till night. We 
have had to tear down all tho fences, and 
re-set them, and ho has got tho old lady in 
the notion of whitewashing the garden fence. 
What foolishness ! and tho plague of it is, 
wo boys havo it to do—-just wasting tho 
time we might spend in fishing. So keep 
your paper to yoursolves and wo will havo 
some rest again. Bob. 
Weevil Yn Wheat. —Wo havo within a 
few days heard considerable complaint of 
tho working of this troublesome insect in 
wheat, and somo pieces, it is said, aro mostly 
destroyed by it. Wo havo examined some 
pieces of wheat noar this villago, and find 
somo evidence of their working, but to no 
great extent as yot. 
A farmer in our town says, that spring 
wheat sown lato—say from tho middle to tho 
last of May,—will escape the ravages of tho 
woevil, and bo noarly as good a crop as whon 
sown early; but says this applies moro par¬ 
ticularly to tho Black Sea Wheat. We think 
this may bo so, but lato sowing is not a safe 
rulo. though it may prove advantageous in 
avoiding the destruction by weovil. Give us 
your views on this subject.— Jeff. Farmer. 
THE SUPPLY OF BUTTER AND CHEESE. 
Some thoughts on this subject may not bo 
out of place just now, bofore tho contracts 
for tho fall sales aro generally ontered into, 
as having a bearing on tho prico of these ar¬ 
ticles tho coming autumn. 
It is known that the limited supply of 
butter in tho market, during tho spring 
months, caused a demand for spring butter, 
which extended quite into the summer, and 
took off', not only tho liay butter, but has al¬ 
so required a very considerable portion of 
that made in June, and even July. This 
fact alone, has led many persons to appre¬ 
hend a somewhat short supply, and conse¬ 
quent high prices in the coming autumn, a 
stato of things which we did not, until re¬ 
cently, anticipate ; for considering the great 
extent of tho dairy districts, and thoir abili¬ 
ty to produce almost unlimited quantities, 
it seemod probablo that tho supply would 
still bo sufficient, for any demand which was 
likely to occur. 
Another cause has however contributed 
in no small degreo to shorten tho supply of 
dairy products, with tho causes before re¬ 
ferred to, to create a demand for such pro¬ 
ducts, at prices above what could have been 
reasonably anticipated, had not the addi¬ 
tional cause happened to exist. Wo refer, 
of course, to tho extremo drouth which has 
prevailed thus far this season, in all tho 
State of New York, and we think to a con¬ 
siderable extent in the dairy regions of oth¬ 
er States. This has boon so sevoro as to 
cause short pastures, and must havo the ef¬ 
fect, even should there soon bo copious 
rains, to rentier tho quantity less this year, 
than for soveral seasons past. IIow much 
tho deficiency, will be, and how it will affect, 
relatively, tho two articles of butter and 
cheese, it is of course impossible to tell, but 
that it is considerable, no ono can doubt.— 
That tho deficiency will oxist in a greater 
degreo in tho article of butter, than in 
cheeso, is quite likely, on account of tho 
greater quantities of tho spring and sum- 
mor supplies, which havo been required from 
the now' crop. 
Tho question then arises,. how aro pricos 
to bo affected by this stato of things ? Will 
tho 6hort supply now anticipated bo realiz¬ 
ed ? And if so, how will it affect tho prico 
of the article ? These aro questions which 
can probably bo better solved by dealers, 
and those acquainted with tho markets, 
than by us,—but we can do no less than ' 
call tho attention of our readors to the sub¬ 
ject, without undertaking to adviso as to the 
courso which would bo most likely to provo 
profitable to tho producer. 
Contracts havo been mado for the season 
for buttor, at prices ranging from 14 to 1G 
cents, by the hundred pounds, according to 
tho known qualities ol tho dairy, and the 
favorablo circumstances attending the salo. 
For cheeso tho contract prices thus far havo 
ranged at 5j| a G.j with occasional contracts 
for choice and well known dairies at much 
higher figures. How much, if any, thoso 
rates are to bo advanced during tho next 
four months is a question which our readers, 
with the whole subject beforo them, must 
decide for themselves.— JY. Y. Farmer. 
THE CORN CROP-TOPPING. 
The growing of coarse grains in this Stato 
for market has very much diminished in lato 
years—and the aggregate quantity raised 
of Corn, Ryo, Oats, Buckwheat, &c., is we 
think considerably loss than it was a few 
years ago. This result has probably been 
brought about by tho general introduction 
of the business of dairying and stock grow¬ 
ing, which has proved moro profitable and 
desirablo in many parts of tho Stato than 
tho growing of coarse grains. 
The corn crop is nevertheless a valuable 
and important one to the farmer, and in our 
opinion moro profitable as a general rulo, 
to the farmer whoso lands aro adapted to it, 
than any other of tho coarse grains, arfd wo 
aro almost inclined to add more profitable 
also than Wheat. Wo have not space now 
to enter into any detailed estimates, or to 
present tho ovidcnco upon which thoso 
opinions aro based, but shall probably do so 
at another time when wo havo tho facts moro 
accessible than at prosent. 
An important item in tho corn crop is tho 
fodder, which, when properly saved and 
curod is not much inferior, and wo think 
for somo purposes, superior to hay. It may 
bo safely estimated that tho fodder from an 
aero of corn well cultivated will go as far 
towards feeding stock as would tho crop of 
hay from tho same ground. This of courso 
is on tho supposition that tho land is adapt¬ 
ed to tho growth of corn, and tho crop welt 
cultivated. Such being tho case, we cannol 
seo tho forco of tho objection often urged 
by persons who aro desirous of keeping a 
large stock of cattle, that thoy cannot spare 
land for a corn crop. Indeed it may be 
questioned whether many farmers do not 
err in dovoting their attention exclusively 
to grass, and neglecting the grain crops 
which would onablo them to koop moro 
stock, and in much hotter condition. 
Sorious differences of opinion, havo ex¬ 
isted among farmers, as to the best mode of 
saving and curing tho stalks from a crop of 
corn. Tho old practice of topping tho stalks 
still remains in vogue to somo extent, al¬ 
though not approved by most writers upon 
tho subject, and not now as generally prac¬ 
tised as in former years. There can we 
supposo bo no doubt that cutting at tho 
roots as tho corn is handsomely glazed, and 
beforo frosts injure tho fodder, secures tho 
greatest weight of grain, and probably tho 
greatest value of fodder, provided always, 
that tho operation of stacking bo well per¬ 
formed, and the fall bo favorable for this 
mode of curing. This system requires groat 
care, and often results in a damaged quality 
of grain. But wo are admonished that wo 
havo not room to pursuo tho subject further 
in this numbor, and will simply ask for tho 
viows of our correspondents.— JY. Y. Far. 
