MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER:' AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
SI67 
I 
€\}t d)rcljath nn!) <San)eti. 
THE CORNUS TREE. 
This tree belongs to tho natural order 
Cornacere, which is made up mostly of trco3 
and shrubs, natives of the temperate zones 
of jboth continents, and distinguished for 
tho bitter and astringent principle perva¬ 
ding tho bark. This order has but one ge¬ 
nus— tho Cornus — that represents it in 
North America. Of its several species, ono 
only, is herbaceous—and a most beautiful 
little flowering plant it is; delighting in 
damp shady places. Nearly all the species 
of Cornus prefer moist, rich soils. 
Tho Cornus Florida , to which this article 
refers, is found en dry grounds, most usually 
in open oak woods or in hilly and moun¬ 
tainous sections. It is known in various lo¬ 
calities by tho common names of dogwood, 
flowering dogwood, falso box, &c. Its wood 
is very compact and highly esteemed for 
making pulleys, planes, &c. It varies in 
size and height, averaging from four 
to six inches through, and from fifteen to 
thirty feet high. Its bark is rough in ap¬ 
pearance, but possessing high tonic virtues, 
which are claimed by somo, to bo quito or 
nearly equal to tho Peruvian bark. The 
leaves are of a rich green above and a pale 
silver beneath, smooth and ovato in form. 
When in full flowor, it is a magnificent 
tree, covered profusely with white and pale 
roseate blossoms. These blossoms, aro in 
fact but tho envelope or involucres of tho 
truo flowers which aro very small, and 
crowded closely together in a bunch or 
head. These have their proper calyx and 
petals—the former of a reddish green, and 
tho latter a greonish yellow. But tho in¬ 
volucre which gives to tho tree its magnifi¬ 
cence while in bloom, consists of xour large 
leaves: Theso envelope the buds or flowers 
closely, and aro the only protection given 
them from tho frosts of winter. Exposed 
thus, tho points of theso leavos become in¬ 
durated. As tho genial warmth of spring 
excites the activity of vegetation, they ex¬ 
pand till at length they spread apart. This 
indurated point is carried up to the end of 
the leaf, which instead of presenting an ovate 
form, in unison with tho other parts, be¬ 
comes obovato with a deep sinus or indent¬ 
ure at the apex. 
Why this should be so, is a mystery un¬ 
solved. That it has some office, there is no 
doubt, as we may well know tho Great Ar¬ 
chitect framed nothing amiss. Each thing, 
however minuto, has its proper office, and 
upon the proper performance of it, rests 
the well being of other parts. Thus crea¬ 
tion’s harmony is secured. 
The Cornus treo recommends itself as all 
worthy of a place among the trees and 
shrubs that may adorn our yards, lawns, &c. 
Delighting in open situations, it can be 
readily transferred with tho proper care, 
and made to flourish with more beauty un¬ 
der the fostering hand than even it does in 
its native haunts. Not only is there a beau¬ 
ty in its blossoming—which occurs usually 
in the early part of Juno—but thero is a 
loveliness in its rich foliage, and the spread¬ 
ing form it generally takes. Its bright red 
clusters of fruit give to it peculiar charms 
as Autumn comos on, and when the Frost 
king paints his fairy colors among the leaves, 
thero are none that may surpass it, then, in 
its gorgeousness. t. e. w. 
GENESEE VALLEY HORTICULTURAL SOC’Y. 
tho American people in the death of any 
ono man—that we deeply sympathize with 
his afflicted friends and relatives,— truly 
“ mourning with those who mourn ” for tho 
loved and lost. 
Resolved, That though Mr. Downing is 
no more, and his voice is hushed in death, 
yet ho still speaketh—his works will live 
after him, and his influence bo folt while 
correct tasto has a disciple or a homo in tho 
earth. 
Resolved, That we recommend tho Horti¬ 
cultural Societies of this country to take 
some united action to testily in a suitable 
manner their regard for the memory of Air. 
Downing ; that a committee of three-bo ap¬ 
pointed, to correspond with other Societies 
on the subject. 
P. Barky, L. Wetherell, and James II. 
Watts, were appointed a committee in ac¬ 
cordance with the resolution. 
Resolved, That tho proceedings of this 
meeting bo furnished the various horticultu¬ 
ral papers with a request to publish the same, 
and a copy thereof be forwarded by the 
President of tho society tho family of the 
deceased. 1’. BARRY, President. 
James Vick, Jr, Sec y, pro tern. 
APPLE TREE BORERS. 
On a visit ono year ago to tho house of a 
friend, in this town, I was invited by the 
husbandman to walk over his farm, which is 
naturally a good grazing and dairy farm.— 
Every thing but his apple trees looked well. 
Theso seemed to be dying, though standing 
in good soil. I inquired for tho cause of 
this—and received for an answer, “ I don’t 
know.” I immediately commenced examin¬ 
ing tho trees, when tho cause of their decay 
was at onco discovered. The borers in somo 
cases had nearly girdled the tree. Scarcely 
a treo was examined that did not show the 
destructive work of this insect. 
I advised my friend to dig around theso 
trees and use ashes freely. He did so.— 
And now, only one year sinco, the trees aro 
looking healthy and are producing applos.— 
The borers are not all dead yet. I advised 
him to wash his trees with ley made of com 
mon wood ashes. Potash will do just as 
well. Do not make the ley too strong. It 
should be strong enough to just bear an egg 
upon the surface. Apply it to tho bark and 
about the roots. Tho eggs of tho fly aro 
deposited upon the surface near the roots 
of the tree. The washing, if properly at¬ 
tended to will destroy theso eggs or the in¬ 
sects before they get far into the tree. 
Lot those who are cultivating fruit trees 
attend to them—loosen the earth about the 
roots—usoashes. and compost manure, wash 
their trunks with ley several timos during 
the summer, especially during the months 
of July and August.—w. 
Hardwick, Worcester County, Mass., Aug. 9, 1852. 
HORTICULTURAL HINTS. 
DEATH OF A. J. DOWNING. 
At a special mooting of the Horticultural 
Society of the Valley of tho Genesee, held 
in tho city of Rochester, Aug. 12, 1852, tho 
President, on calling the meeting to order, 
stated that ho had callod tho members to¬ 
gether at the suggestion of others, and in ac¬ 
cordance with his own feelings, to expross 
in somo suitable manner tho feelings of the 
members in rogard to tho sudden and mel¬ 
ancholy death of A. J. Downing, who had 
boon for many years, an honorary member 
of this Society. 
On motion of M. G. Warner, a commit¬ 
tee of five were appointed to prepare reso¬ 
lutions for tho consideration of tho meeting. 
Tho President appointed M. G. Warner, 
James II. Watts, H. E. Hooker, Geo. Ell- 
w anger, and A. Frost. 
Tho committee, through their chairman, 
reported tho following Preamble and Reso¬ 
lutions, which were unanimously adopted: 
Whereas, In tho doath of A. J. Downing, 
American Horticulture has lost its noble and 
gifted standard bearer, and society ono of 
its most amiable, accomplished, and useful 
mombors—who lias done more than any 
other to awaken among tho American peo¬ 
ple an appreciation of their country’s re¬ 
sources, and to cultivate and diffuse a love for 
tho beautiful in nature and art —whoso 
writings, brilliant and poworful in stylo, and 
truly American in sentiment, have given us 
a Horticultural Literature which commands 
the admiration of tho world,—thorolbro, 
Resolved, That wo regard his loss as one 
of tho greatest that could in this day befall 
To preserve plum trees from black knots 
or excrescences, cut them off several times 
a year,—cut and keep cutting. 
To prevent the cherry crop from being 
spoiled by the curculio, keep the ground 
from grass. 
The best remedy, for bugs on melons and 
squashes, is a cheap square box covered with 
gauze or notting. 
To transplant evergreens, ono point at 
tended to will result in success—neglected, 
in failure—this is, removing plenty of earth 
with the roots. 
Mulching and watering tho raspberry on 
light soils will usually double tho size of the 
fruit. 
Banking round young trees a foot high 
in autumn, is an infallible remedy against 
mice. 
Mulching young fruit trees is ono of the 
best operations for this country, but thelit- 
tor must bo renmvod early in. autumn, or 
tho mice will play havoc.— Alb. Cultivator. 
Doniestir (Bctmomi]. 
KEEPING FRUIT FRESH 
The Now England Farmer says ho has 
preserved gooseberries by placing the fruit, 
picked rather green, in bottles so as to fill 
them, and then filling all spaces to the mouth 
with water. Tho bottles aro then set in a 
kettle of cold water where they remain till 
it is made to boil, when they are taken out, 
immediately corked very securely, and set 
in a cellar. To this tho Prairie Farmer adds, 
“Very likely: and we have many times put 
gooseberries into a bottle, clean and dry, 
without any cold or hot water or anything 
else, except corking tight and covering the 
cork wi h sealing’wax, and putting into a 
cellar 
HLecfmiik Slrts & 
LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS 
ISSUED FROM THE UNITED STATES I’AT EXT OFFICE 
Fox - tho week ending August 10, 1852. 
Henry W. Adams, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement iu processes for making illuminating 
gas. 
J. S. Brown, of Washington, D. C., for improve¬ 
ments in double gates. 
Wm. P. Barr, of New York, N. Y., assignor to 
Geo. Bruce of same place, for improvemeut in 
casting type. 
Jarvis Case, of Selma, Ohio, for improvement 
in cider mills. 
Henry W. Gatlin, (Administrator of the Estate 
and had gooseberry pies as Iresh at j 0 f Alexander Gatlin, deceased,) of Burlington, 
New Years, as though the fruit had just been 
taken from tiro bush. This mode would 
serve admirably for gooseberries &c., (near¬ 
ly ripo.) but for cherries and some other 
sinallo? fruits, the water process has proved 
much the best. High flavovod sour cherries, 
is tho Mayduke, Early Richmond. &c., 
keep much bettor than the heart cherries— 
probably Downer’s Late, a very high flavor¬ 
ed sort, would be ono of tho best of tho lat- 
tor class. The black or junck bottles have 
been found to servo a good purpose, if per¬ 
fectly clean, having never been previously 
used; but transparent botttles, showing ex¬ 
actly the condition of tho fruit are of course 
best. An intelligent and skilful neighbor 
has succeeded by still another process in 
preserving poaches, (cut into largo pieces 
and divested of the skin,) as fresh as when 
taken from tho tree : not in their weight of 
sugar, but in a very small quantity of that 
material. Wo have eaten them after mid¬ 
winter, and could not have told by tho fla¬ 
vor tho difference between those and the 
fresh dish served At mid-autumn. This pro¬ 
cess has cost months of labor and experi¬ 
ment before reaching its present state of 
perfection, and it is yet to undergo further 
attempts at improvement another season ; 
and in tho mean timo will not of course bo, 
given to tho public. Dr. Leo thinks that 
fruit cannot bo kept long, even if perfectly 
excluded from the air, at a temperature 
above 60 ° Fah., but this modo of treating 
peaches appears to constitute an exception. 
RANCID BUTTER. 
machines for drillin 
Vt., for improvement m 
stones. 
Marshall S. Curtis and Edgar St. John of Bing- i 
hamton, N. Y., for improvement iu method of se- oas carpets wore also shown. 
In noticing the textile fabrics, he referred 
to those “ webs of woven air ”—tho Dacca 
muslins ; and introducing an improved mod¬ 
el of one of the spinning wheels, construct¬ 
ed by Prof. Cowper. from a more intricate 
one in tho Great Exhibition, but combining 
all its mechanical properties. These mus¬ 
lins are not wrought in a loom, but by the 
hand. The work of the loom exhibited 
somo beautiful and elaborate examples; 
such as what is called double-weaving, show¬ 
ing a gold pattern on one side, and a similar 
pattern in silver on the other, and the same 
in different colored silks. Some magnifi¬ 
cent specimens of gold and silver tissues 
were also shown and commented upon, and, 
of course, somo very notable Cashmere 
shawls. Wo wore told that the patterns on 
somo of these articles! were produced in the 
following singular manner. Children were 
omployed to arrange, or rather disarrange 
certain conventional forms of different col¬ 
ors,.until the artist chose a particular acci¬ 
dental combination of them. Somo curi- 
Strawberries Grafted on Roses. — A 
short time ago there were exhibited in Pa¬ 
ris, in a florist's shop on the Boulevard des 
Italiens, several rose trees, upon which were 
grafted a few strawberry plants. This cu¬ 
riosity attracted much attentio'n from the 
passers-by. The process by which it was 
effected was as follows : 
In autumn a few dog-roses of good sorts, 
on their own roots, aro selected and plant¬ 
ed in pots; at tho same time a well-rooted 
strawberry is placed with each roso, planted 
just boneath the stem ot the roso. Iu 
spring, when the runners push out, two or 
three of them are tied up to the stem of 
the roso. It is well known that the runners 
of the strawberries soon make their own 
roots, and in duo time those roots are cut 
away, making the cuts as for a scion, and 
then they are grafted on the rose stem, 
“ without cutting or tearing tho runners 
from tho parent plant in ttio ground.”— 
They should be preserved very carefully, to 
load the sap upwards to tho scions, and, 
treated in this way, the strawberries will 
vegetate upon the rose treo for some time. 
Bruising Apples. —The Working Farmer 
says, in speaking of the groat success of R. 
L. Pell, and the"high price ho gets in for¬ 
eign markets,—“ Mr. Pell has occasionally 
made a thumb dent in an apple, and after 
tying a label to die stem, placed tho apples 
so dented, in the centre of a barrel of sound 
apples, requesting his agent in England, to 
report tho result. Tho report has always 
been, that more than half of such apples 
have been found decayed. How absurd, 
then, to club or skako applos from a treo, 
or even to tumble them by basketfuls, when 
hand picked, into barrels. 
The Echo du Monde Savant says :—“ A 
farmer in tho vicinity of Brussels, having 
succeeded in removing tho bad smell and 
taste of some butter by mixing it with chlo¬ 
ride of lime, ho was encouraged by this re¬ 
sult to continue his experiments, and lie has 
restored to butter tho tasto and odor of 
which were insupportable, all the sweetness 
of fresh. This operation is extremely sim¬ 
ple, and practicable by all. It consists 
simply in working tho butter in a sufficient 
quantity of water in which from 25 to 30 
drops of chloride of lime have been ad¬ 
ded, to every two pounds of butter. After 
having mixed it till all its parts aro in con¬ 
tact with the water, it may bo left in it for 
an hour or two, afterwards withdrawn and 
worked again in clear water. The chloride 
of lime having nothing injurious in it, can 
with safety be augmented ; but after having- 
varied the experiment, it was found that 
from 25 to thirty drops to every two pounds 
of butter were sufficient.’* 
Another method of restoring sweetness 
and flavor to rancid butter, said to bo very 
effectual by those who have tried it, is to put 
it into a churn with new milk and work it 
till all tho old salt and rancidity is removed, 
after which it is to bo taken from tho churn, 
worked and salted afresh. 
House Ants. —The cupboards and pan- 
tries in some parts of this city have tho pres¬ 
ent season been much infested by black and 
red ants. To get rid of these. Mr. Editor, 
I find that the best way is to set a quantity 
of cracked walnuts or shell barks on plates, 
ami put them in the closet and places where 
the ants “ most do congregate. They are 
very fond of those, and will collect on them 
in myriads. When thay have collected on 
them, make a general auto-de- fe, by turn¬ 
ing nuts and ants together into the fire, and 
then replenish tho plates with fresh nuts.— 
After they have become so much thinned 
off as to cease collecting on tho plates, pow¬ 
der some gum camphor, and put it into the 
holes and crevices, whereupon the remnants 
of them will speedily vamose. It may help 
the process of getting them to assemble on 
the shell-barks to remove all edibles out of 
their way for tho time.— Don. Manchester. 
curing movable points of railroad frogs. 
A. K. Eaton, of Rochester, N. Y., for improve¬ 
ment in tanning. 
Daniel Fitzgerald and Jno. II. Smith, of New 
York, N. YU, for improvement in grain and grass 
harvesters. 
Jouathau Fox, of Manchester, N. J., for improve¬ 
ment in carriages. 
John L. Gililand, of New York, N. Y., for im¬ 
provement in the manufacture of glass lenses. 
Charles Howard, of Alton, III, for improvement 
in method of converting reciprocating into rotary 
motion. 
Jos. Kingsland, Jr, of Saugerties, N. Y, and 
Norman White, of New York, N. Y, for improve¬ 
ment in mode of drying sized paper. 
Wm. Longmaid, of Beaumont Square, England, 
for improvement in reducing gold mineral. Pat¬ 
ented in Enfland, Jan. 29, 1852. 
Samuel Richardson, of Claremont, N. H, for 
improvement in looms for weaving pile fabrics. 
John Schoenher, of Reading, Pa, for improve¬ 
ment in railroad car brakes. 
Benjamin Sherwood, of the County of New 
York, N. Y, for improvement in hats. 
Cullen Whipple, of Providence, R. I, for ma¬ 
chinery for threading wood screws. 
John W. Kane, of New Carlisle, Ohio, for im¬ 
provement iu mill dress. 
Louis De Cora, of Cincinnati, 0, for improve¬ 
ment in compositions for preserving butter. 
D.KSION'S. 
James L. Jackson, of New York, N. Y, for de¬ 
sign for a grate-frame and fender. 
James L. Jackson of New York, N. Y, for de¬ 
sign for a grate-frame and fender. 
James L. Jackson, of New York, N. Y, for de¬ 
sign for a grate-frame, summer-piece and fender. 
Frederick Schultz, of the District of Northern 
Liberties, Pa, assignor to Wm. P. Cresson, of 
of Philadelphia, Pa, for design for cooking stove. 
Jacob Beesleraud Edward Delany, of Philadel¬ 
phia, Pa, assignor to Wm. P. Cresson, of same 
place, for design for a stove. 
Jacob Beesley, of Philadelphia, Pa, assignor to 
Richard Peterson of same place, for design for a 
cooking stove. 
On tho third branch of this subject, the 
lecturer noticed lace, needlework, and em¬ 
broidery. and the working in stone, blood¬ 
stone, agate, jade, and crystal, and carvings 
in ebony, ivory and pitch. Also, tho pecu¬ 
liar art. of which several examples were 
seen at Hyde Park, of tho perforated mar¬ 
ble chairs and marble bottles. He likewise 
referred to tho manufacture of articles 
mado from horn and sandal-wood, and to 
those conventionalities in the fine arts by 
which tho status of the country has, in this 
rospect, boon as it were, stereotyped for cen¬ 
turies. Notwithstanding this, some of their 
patterns exhibited so much taste that our 
Government have purchased many of tho 
articles shown in tho Groat Exhibition, to 
assist in the schools of design now in course 
of formation in the largo manufacturing- 
districts in tho Kingdom. 
NEW LIFE PRESERVER. 
THE MANUFACTURES OF INDIA. 
To Clean Pewter and Tin. —Dish covers 
and pewter requisites should be wiped dry 
immediately after being used, and kept free 
from steam or damp, which would prevent 
much of tho trouble in cleaning thorn. 
When the polish is gone off, let tho articles 
bo first rubbed on the outside with a little 
sweet oil laid on a piece of soft linen cloth ; 
then clear it off with pure whiting on linen 
cloths, which will restore tho polish. 
Rice Cups. — Boil some rico in a vory lit¬ 
tle milk, so as to be perfectly dry when done. 
Mash it fino, and while it is hot add a little 
butter, and sugar to suit the taste. Put the 
rico in cups ; you should fill them as full 'as 
thoy will hold, by pressing the rice into 
thorn. When they are cold, turn them out 
on a dish, pour a custard round them, and 
eat them with cream. 
A Pleasant Perfume and Motii Preven¬ 
tative. —Take of cloves, caraway seeds, nut¬ 
megs, mace, and Tonquin beans, of each one 
ounco ; then add as much Florentine orris- 
root as will oqual tho other ingredients put 
togothor. Grind tho whole well to powder, 
and then put it in bags among your clothes, 
&e. 
Industry and frugality load to woalth. 
The following outline of an interesting 
lecture by Professor J. Forbes Royle, F. R. 
S., will be useful to our mechanics : 
A goodly array of Indian manufactures, 
from the gold-embroidered Dacca muslins 
to an ivory toy, wore kindly lent by the Di¬ 
rectors ofthe East India Company, for the 
purpose of illustrating the interesting dis¬ 
course of tho evening. The lecturer first 
alluded to tho acknowledged ancient civili¬ 
zation of India, manifested in all the de¬ 
partments of human industry, except that 
of the inductive scionco of the last few cen¬ 
turies ; and noticed particularly many truths 
known to them which, for ages, were con¬ 
sidered as having been tho discovery only 
of later poriods ; as, for instance, the rela¬ 
tion of tho squaro of the hypothonuso of a 
right-angled triangle to tho squares of its 1 
other two sides—the division of the circle 
into 360 degrees—the ratio of tho diameter 
to tho circumference—and tho minuto di¬ 
vision of tho solar year, which, singularly 
enough, as Sir David Brewster has remark¬ 
ed, differs from our own by three seconds 
only. He went on to notice some of tho 
raw products of tho country, such as the 
bamboo, tlio palm leaf, and the shells of tho | 
cocoa-nut and gourd, all of which are capa¬ 
ble, in the natural state in which they are 
found, of being applied to some useful pur¬ 
poses, which he detailed. Ho then divided 
his subject according as it is related, 1st, to 
the chemical; 2d, to the textile ; and 3d, to 
tho manual arts. 
Among tho topics first mentioned was a 
very ancient method in use, of converting 
iron into steel by combining tho carbonace¬ 
ous matter of vegotabla fibre necessary for 
tho purpose, and from which wo ourselves, 
with all our appliances, may learn somewhat. 
What takes them two hours to perform, is 
not yet dono in Sheffield under four hours 
and a half. This appears to bo accomplish¬ 
ed by inserting in the crucible the green 
vegetable with the iron, and not, as we do, 
tho already manufactured charcoal. The 
excellence of the steel thus produced was 
shown in swords and daggars, two and three 
sheathed, one within the other, without tho 
possibility of detecting, unless by tho aid of 
a powerful microscope, tho lino of junction 
of tho material. 
lie proceeded shortly to notice an alloy, 
callod badarine, consisting of copper, lead 
and tin, used for hookah-badars and water- 
ewers. Also, gold and silver filagree, glass, 
enamel, particularly the beautiful yellow en¬ 
amel of Mysoro, pottery, bleaching, dyeing, 
calico-printing, printing in gold on linen by 
tho application of a thin solution of caout¬ 
chouc, lacquer-work, sealing-wax, &c. 
A Life Preserver of a novel construc¬ 
tion has been invented by James McGerrah, 
of Philadelphia. It is a now application of 
an old principle to an article of common 
use, which will furnish a very important de¬ 
sideratum to the owners of steamboats and 
to travelers. The important affair consists 
of a metallic air vessel, which is attached to 
a settee, stool, or chair, or in fact almost 
any portable article on a steamboat. To a 
settee Mr. McG., affixes an air chamber, six 
feet long by ten inches wide, and six inches 
deep. This contrivance is placed perman¬ 
ently under the seat of tho settee, and is 
not in the slightest degree liable to damage. 
One of theso articles thrown into the water 
will sustain eight or ten persons. In ease 
of an accident to a boat, where all the seats 
are furnished with these chambers, it would 
be almost impossible for a person to be lost 
by drowning, as the means of preserving 
life are always at hand. The immense ad¬ 
vantages of this invention aro obvious.— 
The air-chamber can be placed on any of 
the seats now in use, while the article to 
which it is affixed is not disfigured by it.— 
A steamboat may thus be furnished with a 
large number of life-preservers, al ways rea¬ 
dy for an emergency, and so portable that a 
child can handle them. We predict that 
boats adopting this plan will secure the en¬ 
tire patronage of the traveling public. If 
the ill-fated Henry Clay had been supplied 
with those articles, how many valuable lives 
might have been saved ! 
TO COVER 
IRON WITH A 
COFFER. 
COATING OF 
It is well known that if a plate of iron bo 
immersed in a solution of sulphate of cop¬ 
per. it speedily becomes coated with the 
copper in solution; but the copper thus de¬ 
posited on tho surface of tho mecal does noc 
adhere firmly, and may readily be removed 
by friction. By means of the following 
process of M. lleinsch, tho iron may bo cov¬ 
ered with a coating of copper as durable 
and firm as an electrotype deposit. 
The process is as follows:—Polish the iron 
by rubbing it well with cream of tartar, and 
| afterwards with charcoal powder, and place 
the metal thus polished in hydrochloric 
acid, diluted with three times its volume of 
water, in which a few drops of solution of 
sulphate of copper have been poured ; after 
a few minutes have expired withdraw the 
iron and rub it with a piece of el >th ; then 
re-place it in the solution, to which add an¬ 
other portion of sulphate of copper. By 
following this plan, and adding at each im¬ 
mersion a new supply of sulphato of copper, 
the layer of copper may be increased at 
pleasure. Lastly, introduce the iron thu3 
coated with copper into a solution of soda, 
then wipe, clean, and polish with chalk. 
Wanted for Engravers. —A substitute 
for boxwood, for wood engraving, is much 
wanted. This wood is vory scarce; it costs 
$500 per ton, and is all imported from Tur¬ 
key and Italy; various kinds of wood have 
been tried "to supersede it. but not ono 
among all the varieties tried have the same 
qualities. Hardness is not the only quality; 
it must be closo in the grain, and free from 
breaking before the graver. Type metal 
with somo change in tho form of tools, may 
supersede it; the price of boxwood is get¬ 
ting higher every year.— Sci. Amerccan. 
A new threshing machine is said to have 
beon inventod by a Mr. Palmer, of North 
Carolina, which, with four mon to feed it, 
will take a hundred cart-loads of whoat in 
the morning, lying in the sheaf, pass it 
through tho thresher, separate evory kernel 
from the straw, winnow, clean and put into 
bags 1,500 bushels before sunset. 
Horse Power. —It is well known among 
engineers that a horse is capable of raising a 
weight of about 150 lbs. 220 feet high in a 
minuto, and to continuo exertions enabling 
him to do that for eight hours a day. 
