MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
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porking. bantam. 
PREMIUM FOWLS. 
The accompanying engraving will prove 
interesting to many of our readers. It in¬ 
cludes figures of a number of the Fowls 
awarded premiums at the late State Fair, 
at Utica. The portraits were taken on tin- 
show ground, and we are assured that mos. 
of them are good representations of tin 
originals. The Dorkings. Cantons, and 
Cochin Chinas are owned by D. P. Newell. 
of this city—who received first premiums 
on those varieties, and also the first premi¬ 
um for the best lot of Poultry exhibited.— 
The Game fowl was shown by Wm. Robson 
of Westmoreland—the Polands by Jacob 
Harper, of New Hartford—and the Ban- 
tains by L. D. St. George, of New Hartford. 
SENECA COUNTY FAIR. 
Seneca has performed her wholo duty, 
this year, and is probably entitled to tho 
banner She had previously acquired a 
high reputation, but her recent County Fair 
—bold at Waterloo on tho 30th ult., and 1st 
in, s t.—far eclipsed all former efforts. Con¬ 
sidering the age of her Ag. Society, and her 
limited territory, we were surprised at the 
large display, and general attendance, at 
this exhibition. The interest manifested on 
every hand furnished most gratifying evi¬ 
dence that tho farmers of Seneca were fuliy 
imbued with the spirit of improvement. 
Tho Society adopted a now system, which 
worked admirably- The show grounds— 
about four acres—were enclosed, and an ad¬ 
mission fee of one shilling charged to all 
non-members. This largely increased the 
receipts of tho Society over any previous 
voar. There was an increase of over two 
hundred members, and the number of en¬ 
tries moro than doubled those of last year. 
The receipts of the Society, from all sources, 
wore about $1,300. But to tho show itself. 
The show of Stock was large and good 
in each department. Of Horses there was 
a fine display, including a number of supe¬ 
rior and beautiful animals. They doservedly 
attracted a largo share of attention. We 
were assured that the show far exceeded 
previous ones, in both quality and numbers. 
Tho number of Cattle shown was unusual¬ 
ly large, and embraced many animals of 
superior excellence. Mr. Joseph Wright, 
of Waterloo, exhibited some sixty head— 
including superior working oxen and st-roes 
Among them wero several yoke (seven, wo 
think.) of twin steers, which wore, deserved¬ 
ly, tho ‘’ cynosure of all eyes.” Mr. W. is 
entitled to great crodit for his largo and fine 
display. Some fine Devons wero shown by 
Mr. Colby, of Cayuga county. The stock 
of Messrs. Bacon, of Watetloo, Stacey, of 
Fayette, Swaby, of Seneca Falls, Christo¬ 
pher, of Variek, and others, was very credit¬ 
able and much admired. 
Of Sheep there was also a good show.— 
Though others may be equally worthy of 
not.ico wo can only allude to a few. Good 
Merinos woro shown by Messrs. Munson, of 
Tyre, F. J. Swaby, of Seneca Falls, and 
others. J. W. Bacon, of Waterloo, exhib¬ 
ited choico Saxonies — and R. J. S wan, of 
Fayette, a fine lot of Loicestors. 
The show of Swine was not large, but in¬ 
cluded some good specimens of tho Suffolk, 
Berkshire, Chinese, and grass breeds. 
The display of Poultry was extra. We 
noticed several very fine lots,—the Shang¬ 
hais being most numerous. W. E. Williams, 
of Seneca Falls, made a good display of 
white and colored Shanghais and Dorkings; 
also Cochin Chinas and Brahma Pootras. 
Dr. H. II. Heath, of same place, also pre¬ 
sented good specimens oi Shanghais, Dork¬ 
ings, Ducks, etc. 
The exhibition of Fruit, Vegetables, Dairy 
Products. Domestic Manufactures, &e., was 
held under a commodious tent—each de¬ 
partment being well arranged. The show 
of fruit was far better than we anticipated j 
—in both fairness, and number of varieties. 
Apples, pears, peaches and grapes wero 
shown to tho best advantage. Though we j 
were unablo to obtain names of exhibitors 
CANTON till CHINA. 
game. cochin china. 
WHITE POLAND. 
PREMIUM FOWLS AT' THE N. Y tTATE FAIR,-UTICA, SEPTEMBER, 1852. 
generally, wo ascertained that a lot of very 
choice pears—12 varieties—were presented 
by Mr. Jos. Wright, of Waterloo. There 
were other fine selections of poars; and 
some very large and fair lots of apples— 
several individuals showing from ton to fifty 
varieties each. 
There was a good show of Vegetables. 
Of Flowers and Floral Ornaments there 
was a most beautiful and creditable display 
—exhibiting skilful culture, and good taste 
in selection and arrangement. 
The Ladies’ Department was an attractive 
feature, and elicited due attention and com¬ 
mendation. The throng prevented us from 
making a close survey,—and we presume 
that distance did not. in this caso, lend any 
additional enchantment to the view. 
Of Dairy Products tho show was not large, 
but decidedly good. Honey. See., similar. 
The exhibition of Implements was not 
extensive, but comprised many of the most 
useful articles. W. W. Stacey, of Aubrey 
Farm, Fayette, exhibited Emery’s Horse 
Power and Thresher in operation.—Also, 
Burrall’s Reaper, root and stalk cutters, 
corn slieller, corn planter, etc. 
Tho Plowing Match, on the second day, 
was a fino affair. It was largely attended, 
and excited considerable spirit and compe¬ 
tition. There were eighteen entries—an 
unusual number for a County, or even State 
match. The scone was one of lively interest, 
and it was gratifying to witness tho excellent 
feeling manifested by all parties. The work 
generally was well done, and all appeared 
delighted with the exhibition of skill. 
The address, by tho Rev. Mr. Barton, of 
Romulus, we did not hear, but learn it was 
a fine effort. 
— In conclusion, the exhibition through¬ 
out was every way creditable to those im¬ 
mediately concerned, and could not fail of 
proving both pleasant and profitable to all 
participants. Much of its success may be 
attributable to tho officers—Mr. Delafield, 
the President. J. W. Bacon Esq., Vice Pres¬ 
ident, Mr. Stacey, and others, were espe¬ 
cially active and efficient — yet tho farmers 
of the county generally must havo united 
in “ a long pull, a strong pull, and a pull all- 
together,” to render the exhibition so ontiro- 
ly worthy of commendation. All honor, 
therefore, to the Farmers of Seneca ! 
HARVESTING TURNIPS. 
On this subject a Vermonter communi¬ 
cated the following in a recent number of 
the Boston Cultivator: 
Please allow mo to suggost, through tho 
medium of your paper, a yery simple, but 
expeditious plan for harvesting turnips.— 
There are several modes practiced which 
are tedious in tho extreme. The one which 
we find tho easiost and tho best, is this: —If 
they stand in rows let one man go through 
tho piece pulling two rows, the turnips of 
which should bo laid in one row at his right 
hand in going out, (if ho takes the right 
hand side of tho pioco first,) and at his left 
hand returning; this leaves them in an ad¬ 
mirable position for trimming, which may 
be done in the follwing manner: take a 
steel blade, (we uso one in tlio form of 
a chopping knifo.) and insert it into the 
end of a common hoe-handle. With this, 
one man can easily cut tho tops off of what 
two or three men can pull. The blade also 
may be used to cut the turnips in pieces 
through the winter. The turnips then lie 
out clear of tho tops, and of course are 
easily found and quickly loaded. Many 
people throw them into heaps, and then cut 
the tops with a knife. We think they will 
find the above way tho best. 
Potato Blight. —Tho October number of 
tho American Farmer says :— Since our last 
wo have learnt with regret, that tho potato 
crop in Maryland, and in somo parts of tho 
adjacent states, has been materially affected 
with the rot—in Baltimore and Harford 
counties particularly, the damage has been 
so great, that the farmers, in some instances 
have not deemed it worth while to dig thorn. 
The rot was produced by tho heavy rains 
and then the hot sun which followed, in the 
latter part, of August; tho early potatoes 
turned out well, and tho damage has been 
principally to the lato crop. 
MR. VAIL’S SALE OF SHORT-KORNS. I PLANTING SEEDS IN AUTUMN- 
As previously advertised, Mr. Vail’s fine 
herd of Short-horns were sold on tho 13th 
inst., at his farm near Troy. Tho sale was 
well attended, and tho prices realized speak 
well for the excellence of the stock, and 
Mr. V.’s reputation as a breoder. We an¬ 
nex a list of the salos made—embracing the 
name, age, and price obtained for each ani¬ 
mal, with name of purchaser: 
COWS. HEIFERS, AND HEIFER CALVES. 
1. Yarm Lass, red roan, 2% years old, sold to Mr. 
Rebur, of Ohio.§(570,00 
2. Yorkshire Countess, 1 % years old, Mr. Rebur,. 580,00 
3. Do. Do. 2d, 6 months old. Mr. Root, 315,00 
4. Hilpa, 1st, imported, 12yrs old, Mr. Rebur,. . . 320,00 
5. Do. 2d, 4 years old, Gen. Cadwallader, Phil.,. 260,00 
6. Do. 3d, 2% years old, Do. Do. Do.,. 360,00 
7. Do. 5th, 6 months old, Mr. Root,. 260,00 
8. Lady Barrington 5th, 4 yrs., Gen. Cadwallader, 320,00 
9. Do. Do. 7tli, ’> years old, Mr. Watts,.. 270,00 
10. Butter Cup, 5 years old, Mr. O’Hara,. 200,00 
11. Betty, 7 years old, Gen. Cadwallader,.150.00 
12. Do. 2d, 4 years old, Mr. Baker, .110,00 
13. Do. 3d, 1 year old, Gen. Cadwallader. 75,00 
It. Bellflower, 13 years old, Mr. Ileleam,. 75,00 
15. Laura 2d, 3% years old, Mr. Parsons, Canada,. .. 125,00 
16. Do. 3d, roan calf, Mr. Delany,.100,00 
17. Cherry, 7 years old, S. P. Chapman, Clockville,. 100,00 
18. Estcrville 3d, 14 years old, Mr. Spencer, West¬ 
chester Co.,.518,00 
19. Estcrville 4tli, 2)4 years old, Mr. Rebur,.610,00 
20. Willey 7th, 5 yrs, Mr. Sleight, Westchester Co., 270,00 
21. Do 8th, 2 years old. Gen. Cadwallader,. . .. 160,00 
22. Lady Ann, 2)4 years old, Mr. Parsons,.130,00 
23. Wilddame 6th, 2 years old, Mr. Perkins,. 275.00 
24. Eunice 4th, 5 )4 years old, Mr. Baker,.125,00 
25. Do. 5th, 1 )4 years old,.120,00 
26. Aurora 2d, 19 years old, Mr. Ingersoll,. 90,00 
27. Do. 3d, 4 years old, Mr. Giles,. 65,00 
2.8. Do. 5th, red and white calf, Mr. Delaney,. . 80.00 
■’9. Cherry 3d, 6 years old, Air. Ball,. 75,00 
30. Do. 4Mif 1* year old Mr. Root,. 75,00 
31. Do. 5th, red calf,.110,00 
34. Blossom 2d, calf, Gen. Cadwallader,. 65,00 
35. Lilack 3d, 4 )4 years old, Mr. Sleight,. 80,00 
36. Ella, 4 years old, M. G. Bolt,.120,00 
37. Bellflower 3d, calf, Air. Birdseye,. 55,00 
53. Blanch Rose 3d, 3 years old, Air. Alorris,. . . . 75 00 
54. Skylark, 6 years old. Air. Parsons,. 75,00 
"6. Venus, 1 year old, Mr. Birdseye,. 75,00 
58. Butter Cup 3d, white calf, Mr. O’Hara,. 50,00 
59. Lilook 4th, roan calf, Gen. Cadwallader,. 50,00 
Total for cows, heifers and calves.§7,525,00 
BULLS AND BULL CALVES. 
39. Earl Derby, imported hull, 1 year old, bred by 
Mr. Robt. Bell, on the estate of Earl Derby, sold 
to Rebur & Kutz. Ohio,. 570,00 
10. Kirkleavington 2d, 13 4 years old, Mr. Sleight,.. 380.00 
11. Do. 3d, calf. Mr. Calkins. 220,00 
12. American Comet 2d, 1 !4 years old. Air. Root,.. 130,00 
43. Do. Do. 3d, red and white calf, Paoli 
Lathrop, South Hadley. Alass.,.125.00 
44. Prince of Wales, 1 year old, Mr. Ingersoll, Pa.,. 95,00 
5t. ’Do. Do. 2d, 1 year old, Mr. Bullock,.. . 50,00 
!9. Prince Albert. 2)4 years old. Air. Keck,.155,00 
50. Dairyman, red and white calf, Air. Parsons,. . . 150,00 
51. Red Rover, red calf, Mr. Birdseye,. 60,00 
52. Trafalgar, red calf, Mr. Morris..110.00 
60. Enchanter, red bull calf, Air. Kecse, Essex Co.,. 100.00 
61. Sir Walter, calf, defective pedigree, Mr. Ingersoll, 20,00 
Total for Bulks and B ull calves,.&2,165,00 
Total sales,.§9,690,00 
CUT FEED. 
The question is often asked, Avhother 
much is gained by cutting up hay, straw, 
See., to feed neat stock. Something de¬ 
pends on circumstances. If your hay is of 
the best quality, your cattle, will eat the 
whole without cutting, and save you tho la¬ 
bor. But if your fodder is mostly poor, or 
if it has been injured in making, you will do 
well to cut it short, and mix something with 
it to tnako it more palatable. 
We have had coarse fodder cut fino. and 
sprinkled with water, and by adding a little 
meal, and mixing tho wholo together our 
cattle have been wintered at loss expense 
than on merchantable hay. Cows in milk 
live well on it, and it seems to be the way 
of disposing of a quantity of hay that is 
not good. Straw also may bo disposed of 
in this mode. We make it a saving, as we 
do by hashing meat that is not fat enough 
for eating without the addition of butter, or 
something that will improve tho meat. 
Husks and corn tops, when well saved, 
have much virtue in them; and most of it 
goes into tho manue heap, unless particular 
attention is paid to foddering. Cattlo find 
it difficult to bite off tho stems, though they 
place one foot on a part of them, while they 
pull with the teeth and gums. Some far¬ 
mers cut them up fino for their cattle, and 
say they would do it oven though the stems 
should bo worth nothing for fodder, be¬ 
cause of the trouble they make in overhaul¬ 
ing the manure. When all coarse fodder is 
cut short , there will be no long manure; a 
shovel will enter a heap, and when spread, 
a harrow will bury it sutliciontly.— Plough - 
Industry and oconomy aro main-springs 
of wealth in all occupations. 
We think it quite an object to try a few 
experiments in regard to the planting ot 
many garden seeds in autumn. We havo 
no doubt that if it be properly done, onions, 
parsnips, beets, carrots, and several other 
varieties of vegetables, would do better, so 
planted, than they now do as planted in the 
spring. 
We would like to see the experiment of 
planting an acre of potatoes so late in the 
fall that they would not vegetate until the 
following spring. We have all seen pota¬ 
toes that nave been left at'digging time, 
throw up stalks in the spring following, and 
produce a good yield. These instances are 
only accidental ones, and wo do not know 
what proportion of those left in the autumn 
actually vegetates—whethor they all did or 
only a part of them. 
By planting a known pioco of ground, 
regularly, it would demonstrate more clear¬ 
ly tho advantages and disadvantages of this 
plan. 
Wo clip tho following from the German¬ 
town Telegragh, wherein tho writer recom¬ 
mends tho fall sowing of onions.— Me. Far. 
“ Sowing Onions in Autumn. —Tho rot or 
worm in the onion, has of late, in somo sec¬ 
tions. and particularly in New England, 1 
am informed—tho great onion country— 
rendered the cultivation of this valuable 
vegetable nearly if not quite as difficult as 
that of the potato. If the seed is sown in 
the spring — no matter how early—as it 
generally is with us. there will bo a liability, 
to say the least, that this disease will greatly 
injure, if not wholly destroy, the crop. But 
if wo sow in autumn, tho roots will rarly be 
affected by it. This fact deserves to bo ex¬ 
tensively known, as autumnal sowing is. in 
my opinion, the only surely effectual pre¬ 
ventive to be applied. Tho Yankees, who 
are universally acknowledged to be “cute” 
in most everything, now practice this plan 
almost universally, and with entire success. 
I throw out tho suggestion at this time, 
hoping that it may be of service to some of 
; my brother farmers who are not aware of 
! the practice, or that any infallible remedy 
for tho worm exists.” 
DIGGING POTATOES. 
The sooner potatoes aro dug after thoy 
are ripe, when tho weather is fair, and the 
ground dry, tho less liable they are to rot. 
After digging let them lieon the surface till 
thoroughly dry, then secure them in cellars, 
sheds or barn, as may be deemed best; put 
them in broad shallow bins that may be ex¬ 
posed to tho air to prevent heating, and 
convenient for inspection. When potatoes 
are inclined to rot after being put in tho 
cellar, the rot may be checked, in some 
measure, by strewing lime or plaster among 
them. Dr. Hayes’ plan of fumigating with 
brimstone does not succeed well. The po¬ 
tato rot prevails to a considerable extent in 
somo sections, and to a moderate or small 
extent in others ; and we have no doubt that 
if we have an abundance of rain and warm 
weather, which has a tendency to develop 
tho disease, that it will prevail to a great 
extent, as in previous years. Therefore 
farmers should tako every possiblo precau¬ 
tion to guard against it. Numerous cases 
have occurred where potatoes have been dug 
while tlio ground and weather wero dry, 
previous to heavy rains, and they have kept 
well; while others in the same piece, dug 
later in tho season after wot weather, have 
nearly all rotted, either in tho ground or 
after being put in the cellar. And we havo 
had several instances of this kind in our own 
experience. 
Poultry Remedy. —About six weeks ago 
one of my hens became ill. and lost tho uso 
of one of its legs. I was told ovor laying 
i was tho cause of tho malady, and was re¬ 
commended to give her a few pepper-corns, 
I and a little bread soaked in ale, which was 
j forced down her throat. In a few hours tho 
; bird was walking tho yard; however, in a 
couple of days she had a relapse, when tho 
same dose was administered, and she was 
I separated from her companions for forty- 
’ eight hours, when she quite recovered, and 
has had no return of the complaint, and 
produces her fair number of eggs per week. 
This may be a useful hint to amateurs, as I 
’ was informed by a poultry-fancier of somo 
! experience that my hen would dio. 
i For Young Cattle and Horses. —Mix occa¬ 
sionally one part of salt with four parts of wood 
ashes, and givo the mixture to different kinds of 
i stock, summer and winter. It promotes their 
1 appetites and tends to keep them in a healthy 
condition. It is said to be good against botts in 
i horses, murrain in cattle, and rot in sheep. 
THE POTATO DISEASE. 
The Legislature of Massachusetts, in the 
year 1851. offered a prize of $10,000 to any 
one who should satisfy the Governor and 
Council that, by a test, of at least five suc¬ 
cessive years, ho bad discovered a sure rem¬ 
edy for the potato rot. Several communi¬ 
cations have been received on the subject, 
which are published by tho authority of the 
legislature, of which we publish tho follow¬ 
ing summary by Hon. Amasa Walker, Sec¬ 
retary of State: 
Although these communications may not 
furnish any perfect cure for rho potato dis¬ 
ease, yet they agree in so many important 
points, and offer so many \aluaUie hints, re¬ 
lating to the nature, cultivation, preserva¬ 
tion, and improvement of the potato, that 
they cannot fail to be of great public utility. 
The similarity of views expressed by the 
most intelligent and experienced writers, 
relating to the nature, cultivation, disease, 
and cure of the potato, is truly remarkable, 
and we think auspicious. Among the prin¬ 
cipal points, relating to which there is a 
general concurrence, are the following : 
Soundness and Vita lily of the Seed. —Re¬ 
newing the seed from tlio ball of healthy 
vigorous plants every few years, even re¬ 
storing to the native place in south Ameri¬ 
ca, and taking the seed from the wild potato, 
is considered important. When potatoes 
aro to be raised from the tuber sound, 
healthy, whole potatoes are recommended 
for planting. Cutting potatoes is decidedly 
condemned. Anything which impairs the 
vitality of the seed increases the liability to 
disease. 
Quality or kind of Soil. — A dry, light, 
loose, warm soil, is considered necessary to 
the soundness and health of the vegetable, 
as well as to its richness and flavor, the lat¬ 
ter depending quite as much on the quality 
of soil as on the variety of seed. A wet, 
heavy, compact soil, directly promotes the 
disorder. Far upon the side of a mountain 
or hill is a favorable location for the growth 
of the potato; and new land contains more 
of tho qualities requisite for its nourishment 
and health, than old or worn out soils. 
Influence of Atmosphere. —Potatoes should 
bo as little exposed to the air as conveniently 
may be. Their natural place is underground. 
Bv too-much exposure thoy become poison¬ 
ed, and turn green. Some recommended 
depositing them for the winter in holes un¬ 
der ground in a dry soil; or if kept in a cel¬ 
lar, to preserve them dry. in small quanti¬ 
ties, in sand ; and to keep them cool. Keep¬ 
ing large quantities in a body in the cellar 
is by somo supposed to promote beat and 
putrefaction. Planting in the fall is recom¬ 
mended by some, as potatoes left in the field 
over winter, are observed to come forward 
earlier in the spring, to grow more vigorous¬ 
ly, to get ripe earlier and before the blight¬ 
ing rains in August, and to be more sound, 
fair, and healthy. 
Manures. — All anti-putrescents, such as 
lime, wood-ashes, pulverized charcoal, plas¬ 
ter. salt, nitrogen, &c., are believed to con¬ 
tribute directly to the health of the potato, 
as well as to add to its richness and flavor; 
and, of course, to prevent putrefaction and 
disease. Of other manures, well-iottod com¬ 
post is preferred. Stable manure is too 
strong and heating, and produces ill-flavor¬ 
ed, unhealthy potatoes, and is decidedly 
condemned. 
Disease, Contagion Old Age, and. Death. 
—These are common to vegetables as well 
as to animals. All are liable to disease, 
some more, some less, according to circum¬ 
stances. predisposing causes, and preven¬ 
tive means. Some vegetable diseases aro 
believed to be contagious. The present 
disease is thought by many lo be of that 
class. One field of potatoes is liable to take 
the disorder from another field. Potatoes 
are predisposed to disease, by bad cultiva¬ 
tion. old age. bad soil, bad manures, sudden 
changes of weather, warm rains. &c. 
Ravages of Insects, Fungi , ij*e.—Tho best 
writers consider tho ravages of insects as at 
most but a predisposing cause, rendering 
the potato more liable to disease by enfee¬ 
bling the plant. By many writers insects 
are considered as remotely affecting the po¬ 
tato; by others, as having no effect at all.— 
The fungus on potatoes is not tho cause of 
tho rot. It finds the potato previously dis¬ 
eased, a fit subject for its operation. 
Thogenoral conclusions to which the facts 
presented in theso various communications 
seem to lead us, aro : 
1. That the disease has a striking resem¬ 
blance to the cholera, and probably exists 
in the atmosphere. 
2. That it is doubtful whether any spe¬ 
cific cure has been, or ever will be discover¬ 
ed ; but 
3. As in. cholera, certain preventives aro 
well ascertained, by the application of which, 
the liabilities to disease may be greatly les¬ 
sened. 
4. That bv obtaining tho soundest seed, 
by planting in the moat favorablo soils, and 
by using the most suitable manures, wo may 
havo a good degree of confidence in tho suc¬ 
cessful cultivation of this useful vegetable. 
5. That we may expect, that like tho chol¬ 
era. the potato rnt will become less and less 
formidable from year to year, and eventu¬ 
ally subside into a mild and manageable epi¬ 
demic. if that term may be usod in such a 
connection. 
Labor is tho great article of expense upon 
a farm in America, yet it is not nearly so- 
great as in England—in proportion to the 
amount of the produce of a farm, especially 
if tho poor’s rates be included. 
No lands can bo preserved in a high state 
of fertility, unless clover and the grasses 
I aro cultivated in the course of rotation. 
