MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: Ao/no-culturo, since our former visit some 
a wi-.rkly home newspaper, ton years ago. Indeed wo were most aoree- 
DesigneJ for both C ountry and Town Residents. ably surprised at the marked change on ev- 
CONDUCTED »Y D. i). t. moore, cry hand, and especially delighted with the 
assisted by fine appearance of manv of the farms—tho 
, II IUX„r, WETI.ERBI.L, AND H. C. WHITE, goC(1 taste ordl)r „ anifetod in build . 
With a numerous corps of able Contributors and . .... 
Correspondents. lllgS, 1011003 , etc.,——in certain localities. 
A WP.KKLY HOME NEWSPAPER, 
PROGRESS IN PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE. 
With a numerous corps of able Contributors and 
Correspondents. 
The Rural Nbw-Yorkkr is designed to be unique and , Th ° Fail> Ilb ° V0 alluded to waS held at 
beautiful in appearance, and unsurpassed in Value, Purity Ul’io Oil th© 29th and 30th ult.—being the 
and Variety of Contents. Its conductors earnestly labor 5tll annual show of Erie County A". Socie 
to make it a Reliable Guide on the important Practical Sub- . rn no +b„,. .„ /> , 
jects connected with the business of those whose interests J' OdtllCl was fine, tho attendance 
it advocates. It embraces more Agricultural, Hortioul- 'dl*g(3, and tho exhibition very good ill most 
tural. Scientific, Mechanical, Literary and News Matter— departments. The show grounds WCro 
interspersed with many appropriate and handsome enfjrav- 1 „ . ,i 
in.-s— than any other paper published in this Country. pl<3 ‘ touted, and the arrangements 
- creditable to the t:»stn nn/1 ofli/M/vr^ir + 
For Terms, &c., see last page. 
Slgriculturui ®tjuirtnifnt. 
miKiltCSS ANB niPJtOVEMENT. 
WESTERN PENN -ERIE CO. FAIR. 
For several years past the farmers of 
Western Pennsylvania, or at least tho more 
intelligent and enterprising portion of them, 
have been zealously laboring to promote 
Rural Improvement. Their efforts in the 
good cause have been well directed, and 
thus far crowned with commensurate suc- 
cosss,—so much so that wo confidently an¬ 
ticipate the period, not distant, when this 
comparatively new and unimproved region 
w'll compare favorably with Western New 
York in many particulars. Indeed, if our 
neighbors continue to advance as rapidly in 
the future as they have during the past five 
creditable to the taste and efficiency of thq 
managers. In theso and some other re¬ 
spects, tho show was superior to a number 
that we have attended in Western N. York. 
We were present but ono day, and conse¬ 
quently did not have an opportunity to ex¬ 
amine closely the exhibition iu its various 
departments. Hence we can only speak in 
general terms, omitting mention of manv 
items particularly noteworthy. 
Tho Plowing Match attracted a large 
audience, as such trials of skill always should. 
The number of entries was not large, yet 
the honors were warmly contested by good 
plowmen. Tho 1st premium was awarded 
to Isaac Wolf, who used tho Wolverine 
left-hand plow; the 2d to Robert Evans,_ 
Cayuga Co. Plow. The 1st premium on 
Plows was awarded to the first above named 
for sod work. 
Tho stock department reflected credit 
upon the farmers of tho county. The show 
uituiu 1X0 l/UOJ IIOMU UUIU1V L1113 IIV u 1 . J a 
or six years, they will soon stand as well ot pb,rses > Cattle and Sheep embraced some 
agriculturally as we of this much vaunted su P or *or and m:in Y Rood animals. The 
region do at the present time. They are sw * ne wcre n °f neglected—while imported 
region do at trie present time. They are 
making real, substantial progress in all mat¬ 
ters pertaining to culture and husbandry ; 
hence tho country is every day becoming 
more beutiful in appearance, and many of 
the farms, and indeed farming lands goner- 
and improved breeds of fowls were duly 
represented. 
Good specimens of field crops were shown 
—such as wheat, barley, oats, corn. etc. In 
the important, and very tasty items of bread. 
ally, are rapidly increasing in valuo. This j butte f> bon °y> sugar, &c., there was a tempt- 
is especially truo in tlioso counties and lo¬ 
calities whore improvements have been in¬ 
stituted in culture and management. Tho 
best modes of tillage are here becoming 
prevalent—tho most approved labor-saving 
implements aro fast coming into use—im¬ 
proved breeds of stock are introduced—the 
choicest varieties of fruit cultivated—while 
ing display. Several fine samples of cuke 
—a new idoa, to us—were presented. Wo 
vote for making bread, cake, etc., a distinct 
feature at our shows in this region. 
The show of Fruit, Vegetables, &c., was 
highly creditable—far superior to what we 
had anticipated. The display of apples was 
particularly fine. Among others we noticed 
agricultural societies have been and cotinue ! a choice lot, including some twenty varieties. 
to be organized and creditably sustained. 
Tho cause of this rapid advancement is 
attributable, in no small degree at least, to 
grown and exhibited by Mr. Leet, of Har¬ 
bor Greek, lie also exhibited fine pears. 
Tho show of Agricultural Implements was 
the fact that farmers have become readers comparatively meagre, yet embraced soino 
and thinkers on rural subjects—that agri- good articles. The principal exhibitors 
cultural journals aro extensively circulated wero Messrs. Clark & McCarter, of Erie, 
and of course read, throughout Western "ho, wo believo, have recently opened an 
Pennsylvania. In this respect there has Agricultural Warehouse, 
been a remarkable chango within a few Of domestic manufactures, needlo and 
years. An-item of personal information on fancy work, &c., thoro was a complete dis- 
this point may not be out of place in this ; play—proving that wives and daughters of 
connection. V hen the writer became con- J members were neither idle nor backward in 
nected with tho agricultural press of this sustaining the Society. There was also a 
city not seven years ago—scarcely a lain- large show of miscellaneous and mechanical 
dred copies of the Farmer (then tho only articles. 
ag. journal published here,) were taken in! One of tho pleasant incidents of tho Fair 
all Western Pennsylvania. Now the agri- should he chronicled, as worthy of imitation 
cultural papers issued in Rochester cireu- elsewhoro. A beautiful banner was pre¬ 
late at least three thousand copies in that fa- sentod by tho Society to the members ro- 
vored region—and perhaps five thousand siding in tho township of Harbor Creek for 
would not bo too large an estimate. This taking tho greatest number of premiums at 
fact demonstrates that a spirit of inquiry— the Fair of 1851. A tall pole was raised 
a desire to investigate as a means of im- near the centre ot the fair ground, whereon 
provoment—has been awakened, which is tho banner was wafted to the breeze,_ac- 
most creditable to those interested, and must companiod by three hearty cheers (not for 
redound to the benefit of individuals and 1 any political aspirant, but) for the morito- 
the entire community. | rious farmers of Harbor Creek. 
Rut wo have other evidence that Western —During tho Fair wo had the pleasure 
Pennsylvania is progressing agriculturally, of meeting sevoral old friends and forming 
Wo have recently had tho pleasure—long some new acquaintances;—among the for- 
anticipated, and greatly enjoyed—of passing mor, Robt. Evans, Esq., and Col. 1). S. 
through a portion of its territory, and meet- Clark, of Erie, and Calvin Eeet, Esq., of 
ing many of its farmers at an exhibition of Harbor Creek, and others, all active and ef- 
tho products of their skill and industry.— ficient promoters of improvement We 
On our return from tho west, wo diverged congratulate our Erio County friends upon 
from tho usual routo in order to visit some tho prosperity of their Society and the ad- 
portions of Ohio and Western Pa., and at- vancomentsof the objects in view, and trust 
tend tho Fair ol the Erio Co. (Pa.) Ag. So- they will go on prospering and to prosper_ 
ciety; and altho’ our timo was limited we as their efforts richly merit, 
obsoivod much ol interest saw abundant It affords us pleasure to add that the Fair 
evidence that great progress had been made was eminently successful pecuniarily, the 
iu agiicultuie and horticulture, as well as receipts amounting to somo $ 500 . 
It is natural, that men of every honora¬ 
ble and important calling should havo par- 
ticular regard for the general interests of 
their occupations, and hail with joy the to¬ 
kens ot advancement throughout their va¬ 
rious relations. The Minister and tho Edu¬ 
cationist aro often represented as musing, 
while journeying through tho country, 
upon the general state or present want 
of knowledge and morals among the people, 
until they are more than over impressed 
with a sense of the invaluable benefits which 
would attend tho universal spread of Sci- 
|,ence and Religion, even to the wildest and 
most destitute portions of tho earth. Just 
so the intelligent Farmer, froe from the 
contracted desire of mere self-aggrandize¬ 
ment, thinks with deep interest and earnest¬ 
ness when viewing in extensive rango, tho 
surrounding country, dotted with field and 
woodland interspersed, how theso farms 
shall bo so improved as to reward tho indus¬ 
try of tho husbandman with great plenty ; 
and by what means their productions shall 
bo so increased as to meet tho wants of the 
multiplied millions of tho future. 
Farmers who have heard that one hun¬ 
dred years hence, the whole territory of the 
United States cannot yield sufficient suste¬ 
nance for its inhabitants, without a decided 
chango in our agriculture, half believo 
that this crisis is to come; yet they very 
naturally feel more interest in the amount 
and value of their productions and ratio of 
labor to profit. These are questions, then, 
of much importance and interest to them: 
What is the present accomplishing? And 
what are farmers and scientific men now 
doing in providenco of future wants and 
necessitses ? Many seem to regard any 
material progress in agriculture, as an un¬ 
certainty, to be ascertained in tho future, 
ami as regards tho prosent age, an egregious 
humbug. Many a farmer rates furiously at 
the protended progress, whilo others have 
similar private opinions. These are their 
sentiments in reference to some of the prom¬ 
inent features of the progross of tho age. 
Numerous experiments are indeed tried at 
the present day, and their results published 
in agricultural papers; but they are so un¬ 
like in naturo and so differently tried, that 
tho results soem to have no fixed connec 
tion with tho experiments, and the certainty 
of success entirely dependant upon tho 
contingencies of timo and place. These 
local experiments all so successful, yet many 
of which our farmer lias himself found so 
unsuccessful, naturally exert no weight upon 
his mind, no influence upon his operations. 
Again, erudite professors disclose to tho 
public the mysteries of the analysis of the 
various soils, and different kinds of grain, 
and determine the proportionate parts of 
nutriment which is required to be drawn 
from the soil, in order to produce the per¬ 
fectly developed plant and seed ; and then, 
in tho technicalities of chemistry, enume¬ 
rate tho separate elements which must be 
combined to render tho land fertile and 
productive. And, though soma more prac¬ 
tical chemist informs the farmer in what 
substances those elements are chiefly found, 
tho trouble and expense seem so great, that 
ho determines that “it costs more than it 
comes to/’ and that his old methods and 
former ways must suffice for him. 
If we look over tho country, it will ap¬ 
pear that there are a large number who 
harbor ideas and sentiments like theso, and 
not a few of the better class of farmers that 
have their faith shaken in the practicability 
of scientific research as applied to agricul¬ 
ture. This is tho result of wrong views of 
progress. People forget that advancement 
toward excellence in any department of life, 
always depends upon continued and labori¬ 
ous efl'ort; and would, forsooth, see inven¬ 
tion rapidly succeeding invention, each one 
superseding its predecessor, as tho recently 
invented telegraph does tho railroad in 
speed. 
Tho farmer is sometimes inclined to build 
too lofty expectations upon tho oft-repeated 
word progress, and ho is thoroby doomod to 
disappointment. An experiment has been 
tried, and tho unexpected success which at¬ 
tended it, published abroad, or a newly dis¬ 
covered fertilizer has met with remarkable 
results; tho farmer hears of their success, 
and repeats tho experiments; the yield is 
not unequalled or remarkable, and the san¬ 
guine operator considers these trials failures, 
not thinking what would have been (lie 
yield without their application. If rich 
manures or guano bo applied to tho soil, 
fitty bushels ol wheat will not probably be 
raised, but without these, thirty are seldom 
producod ; yet tho soil is continually grow¬ 
ing in richness, and though it is not drawn 
out for tho crops of the first season, the 
crops of other years will show tho effect. ~ 
As well may the student expect to thorough¬ 
ly discipline his mind by performing one 
difficult problem in mathematics, as that a 
farmer should expect to raise surprising 
crops with no labor or expense. Progress 
is slow, but it may be certain—and surely it 
will “ reward him that seeks it.” a. w. c. 
CAYUGA COUNTY FAIR. 
Eds. Rural :— I avail myself of a few 
leisure moments to sketch you a short ac¬ 
count of the Fair, and of tho condition and 
prospects of Cayuga County Ag. So-ciety. 
Tho Fair of this Society camo off at Au¬ 
burn, Oct. 6th and 7th, and was largely at¬ 
tended, both by exhibitors and spectators. 
I ho show of Stock throughout was excel¬ 
lent, embracing quite a number of 1st pre¬ 
mium animals at the State Fair, both among | 
tho horses and cattle. The display of pure 
blooded Devons and Durhams was superior 
to that of any previous Fair—showing a de¬ 
cided improvement in quality as well as 
numbers, and evincing f a determination on 
the part of tho breeders to eontinuo their 
improvements until they arrivo at a high 
point of perfection. From tho enthusiasm 
shown by the competitors it is evident that 
an emulation .is raised among tho stock- 
growers which cannot subsido so long as 
there remains a wide field for tho applica¬ 
tion of their labor and skill. 
A pen of pure blooded French Merino 
sheep, twenty or more in number, was ex¬ 
hibited by ono individual and deservedly 
received much attention and admiration.— 
Wool growers hero are awakening to tho 
fact that unless they improvo their flocks 
they will be distanced in the pursuit and 
compelled to abandon the business, being 
unablo to compete successfully with those 
who are expending more for that purpose. 
Floral Hall alone was deficient and pre¬ 
sented a very meagre appearance, when 
compared with tho rest of tho show. The 
fruit was of few varieties. Some fine flow¬ 
ers were presented, but in fancy work there 
was little worthy of notice—a fact much to 
be regretted. Rut notwithstanding this de¬ 
ficiency, when considered as a whole, tho 
show embraced a display of which Cayuga 
fo. may well bo proud, and it betokens suc¬ 
cess to the enterprise of her mechanics and 
agriculturists who have adopted “improve¬ 
ment unto perfection ” as their motto. 
The receipts for membership and admit¬ 
tance tickets havo paid the premiums and 
expenses and left a surplus of $300. 
The Society now contemplates purchasing 
a piece of ground containing about six acres. j 
fencing it, and erecting permanent buildings 
for their exhibitions. Tho lot is situated 
about a half mile from the centre of tho 
city of Auburn, is well watered and other¬ 
wise suited for the purpose. It is proposed 
to pay for it by selling the stock in shares 
of fivo dollars each — any person holding 
throo shares being entitled to a life mem¬ 
bership. The interest on tho shares of 
those not becoming life members is to be 
paid annually. The sole charge of the lot 
is to be placed in the hands of trustees ap¬ 
pointed by tho stockholders, who are to bo 
obligated to receive payment upon their 
scrip whensoever tho trustees may have 
surplus funds in their possession. In this 
way it is hoped that the lot may soon bo 
paid for and remain the permanent proper¬ 
ty of the Cayuga Co. Agricultural Society. 
Sennet, Oct., 1852. C. 
CELLARS FOR MANURE. 
The utility of cellars for manure lias not 
as yet been duly appreciated by tho fanners 
ot Western New York, judging from their 
non-existence, — for in traveling for days 
together, in some sections, we do not ob¬ 
serve a single cellar oxpi’cssly for manure. 
There are many barn cellars, but they aro 
used for stabling, and tho manure is almost 
invariably thrown out and exposed to the 
elements, till one half of its fertilizing prop¬ 
erties are washed by the rain into the high¬ 
way, or elsewhero. 
Farmers aro well aware of tho yearly loss 
of manure by this method of procedure, 
hut still they submit to it as if it were an 
irremediable evil. Wo often see massive 
piles of manure accumulating by the side 
of tho barn, which cause tho siding and sills 
to decay, render the atmosphere impure, 
disfiguro the barn, and disgust tho traveler. 
The cows li.o down upon it during tho day. a 
goodly portion adheres to them, and in duo 
time finds its way into the milk-pail. The 
farmer and his sons arc obliged to travel 
upon it, a portion adheres to their boots, 
and unfortunately finds its way into tho 
house. These are every day occurrences 
during tho winter season, which odn and 
should be avoided. 
What farmer, then, will not, during the 
good sle’ghing next winter, haul stone and 
build a cellar for manure under his horse 
barn and cow-house before another winter ? 
Your barns can bo easily raised to the de¬ 
sired height by means of screws, or if they 
are not on a desirable site, they can be easi¬ 
ly and cheaply moved by means of a cap¬ 
stan. Perhaps some will try to excuso 
selves as they have not a suitable site for a 
cellar: this is very often the case, but a cel¬ 
lar can bo made above ground nearly as 
cheap as on a hill-side, or on land that can 
be readily drained, becauso wo need only 
bank up on ono side or one ond. 
The advantages of a cellar for manure 
are so great that no ono should be deterred 
from building ono upon any consideration. 
It will cost but half as much labor to rid 
the stable of the manure, as it is let down 
through a trap door into tho cellar beneath 
Tho liquid manure is all saved; there is no 
loss by the washing of rain or by evapora¬ 
tion,—other fertilizing ingredients can bo 
easily mixed with it,—the farm and yard are 
not disfigured by it, and it will cost but half 
the labor to haul it, as it is all together, and 
is not stamped into the soil. b. 
Simnyside, Oct., 1852. 
PUTTING IN WHEAT.-THE GANG PLOW. 
Messrs. Editors :—In tho Rural of Sept. 
16, I noticed an article from a correspond¬ 
ent, on tho subject of putting in wheat.— 
I think that his “improvement” in remov¬ 
ing tho front teeth of the whocl cultivator 
is as it should be, where that implement is 
used,—for I havo frequently soen a large 
portion of the seed left naked on the ridges 
after a rain. This is mostly lost by being 
picked up by birds; or it becomes swelled 
by the rains and afterwards is dried by tho 
action of tho sun and winds and becomes 
malted. 
As to the use of drills I cannot say much 
about them from experience, and but little 
from observation—they having boon used 
to a very limited extent in this locality, and 
generally without any very marked result. 
Rut another implement has lately come in¬ 
to pretty general use for putting in wheat, 
which threatens to supercede the wheel cul¬ 
tivator in this vicinity, and that is the gang 
plow followed by the roller. This, gauged 
to the depth of throo or four inches, covers 
tho grain uniformly, and the roller pressos 
tho earth upon it, causing all tho seeds to 
germinate at more nearly the same time, 
and consequently it comes up more evenly, 
and leaves tho ground in much better con¬ 
dition for subsequent working. 
The gang is considered by farmers gener¬ 
ally a much better article for the destruc¬ 
tion of Canada thistle, hluo grass, &c., than 
tho cultivator. J. W. Reieoe. 
Alabama., Genesee Co., Sept. 20th, 1652. 
