NYMPKALINjE. (Group NY HP IIALIN A.) 
79 
Alcyoneis Asterie , Hiibner, Yerz. bek. Sehmett. p. 35 (1816). 
Vanessa Asterie, Horsfield, Catal. Lep. Mus, E. I. C. pi. 7, fig 1, la, larva and pupa (1829). 
Junonia Asterie , Doubleday and Hewits. Gen. D. Lep. p. 209 (1849). Moore, Catal. Lep. Mus. 
E. I. C. i. p. 142, pi. 5, fig. 6, 6a, larva and pupa (1857) ; Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 43, pi. 22, fig. 2 
(1881). Butler, Catal. Eabr. Lep. B. M. p. 72 (1869). Distant, Rhop. Malay, p. 94, pi. 11, 
fig. 1, 2 (1882). de Nieeville, Butt. India, etc., ii. p. 67 (1886). 
Papilio Almana, Clerck, Icon. Ins. iii. pi. 5, fig. 3 ( ined .) ; Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 272 (1764). 
Junonia Nieobariensis et Javana, Felder, Yerh. Z. B. Gesch. 1862, pp. 482, 487. 
Imago. —Male and female. Forewing with the outer margin slightly angular 
below the apex, and slightly scalloped. Hindiving with the exterior margin convex 
and slightly scalloped, anal angle pointed. Upperside ochreous-red, basal area 
slightly infuscated. Both wings with all the markings as in dry-season form, except 
that the marginal lines are darker and more prominent. Underside pale brownish- 
ochreous. Forewing crossed by blackish basal, discal, and marginal sinuous lines, 
those of the two former with pale inter-area, the two upper and the lower ocellus 
well defined. Hindiving crossed by a subbasal wavy blackish line inwardly bordered 
by ochreous-white, and a similar whiter-bordered straight discal line, the ocelli 
prominent, the upper oval and duplex, the lower larger than on upperside; marginal 
lines distinct. Body above ochreous-red, palpi brown, beneath and legs pale whitish- 
Qchreous. 
Expanse, J 1 p- 0 to 2^, ? 2p- 0 to 2^ inches. 
Larya. —Cylindrical. Head blackish, slightly hairy. Body pale ochreous- 
brown, with a dorsal, subdorsal and lateral blackish line, and a row of small 
black-ringed spots below the latter; second segment anteriorly with a transverse 
reddish stripe; second, third, and fourth segment posteriorly with a transverse 
blackish stripe ; second to last segment armed with a dorsal, subdorsal, and two 
lateral rows of short fine branched-spines. 
Pupa. —Bather short and thick; head and thorax broad, head-piece pointed 
beneath; thorax and abdomen dorsally with short tubercular points; colour 
brownisli-ockreous. (Described from Mr. A. Grote’s Calcutta Drawing.) 
Habltat. —India; Ceylon; Burma; Tenasserim ; Andaman and Nicobar Isles ; 
Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Java; Borneo; S. China ; Hong Kong; Formosa; 
Philippines ; Japan. 
Distribution, Seasonal Appearance, Habits, etc. —“This species ( Almana ) 
occurs throughout continental and peninsular India and in the outer Himalayas up to 
about 6000 feet elevation. It is not recorded from Ceylon or the Malay Peninsula, 
but is common through Assam, Silhet, Cachar to Burma, Mergui and Upper 
Tenasserim. It occurs in the Andamans, in Java and China, and wherever met 
with is a common insect. It will be seen from the localities quoted above, that 
