NYMPHALINjE. (Group NYMPHALINA.) 
83 
projecting caudate point at end of upper median; precostal vein bent inward; cell 
closed by a slender lower discocellular veinlet. Both wings beneath with very 
numerous long fine rigid bristly hairs projecting from between the scales, some of 
the hairs on the forewing being projected forward from front of the base of the 
costa. Body very robust, thorax densely woolly above and thickly clothed beneath 
with long fine rigid hairs ; palpi porrect, slender, projecting half beyond the front, 
laxly clothed with fine long rigid hairs; fore tibise and tarsi of the male sparsely 
clothed with long fine bristly hairs, femora with shorter and more delicate hairs 
beneath ; fore tibiae and tarsi of the female more sparsely clothed with long fine 
bristly hairs, tarsal joints apical and minutely spurred at sides beneath; antennae 
with a lengthened cylindrical club; eyes hairy. 
Labva. —Head sub quadrate in front, sides rounded, almost flat, vertex indented 
in the middle, numerously covered with short conical tubercles, the smallest emitting 
each a short hair. Body cylindrical, very minutely warted and hairy ; armed with 
a dors&l and five lateral rows of long minutely-branched spines. 
Pupa. —Stout. Thorax dorsally angled and with a larger hindward projected 
pointed process ; abdominal segments with a dorsal and a lateral row of broad 
tubercular points; wing cases somewhat large; head-piece widely cleft and pointed. 
Type. —E. Antiopa. 
EUVANESSA ANTIOPA (Plate 316, fig. 1, la, $). 
Papilio Antiopa , Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. x. ed. p. 476 (1758); id. xii. ed. p. 776 (1767). Esper, Schmett. 
i. pt. i. pi. 12, fig. 2 (1777); id. pi. 29, f. 2 (1778). Hiibner, Eur. Schmett. i. fig. 79, 80 (1793). 
Scudder, Syst. Rev. Amer. Butt. pp. 11—16 (1872). 
Vanessa Antiopa , Godart, Ene. Meth. ix. p. 308 (1819). Moore, Catal. Lep. Mus. E. I. C. i. p. 136 
(1857). Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 898. deNiceville, Butt, of India, etc., ii. p. 232 (1886). 
Leech, Butt, of China, etc., i. p. 256 (1893). Kirhy, Allen’s Nat. Hist. Butt. i. p. 88 (1894). 
Eugonia Antiopa , Hiibner, Verz. belt. Schmett. p. 37 (1816). 
Scudderia Antiopa , Grote, Canadian Ent, v. p. 144 (1873). 
NympTialis Antiopa, Kirby, Catal. D. Lep. Suppl. p. 732 (1877). 
Euvanessa Antiopa, Scudder, Butt. E. U. S. i. p. 397 (1889). 
Imago. —Male and female. Upperside. Both wings rich dark purpurescent- 
Genus Nymphalts,* Linnaeus, S. N. x. ed. p. 472 (1758). id. xii. ed. i. 2, p. 769 (1767). 
Esper, Schmett. p. 87 (1777). Barbut, Gen. Ins. Linne, pp. 162, 172 (1781). Cuvier, Tabl. 
Elem. H. N. p. 589 (1798). Kirby, Syn. Catal. D. Lep. App. p. 648 (1871); id. Suppl. p. 732 
(1877). Moore, Lep. Indica, ii. p. 226 (1895). Syn. Hamadryas, Hiibner, Tent. i. (1806). 
Inachis, Hiibn. Yerz. p. 37 (1816). Vanessa, Moore, Lep. Ceylon, i. p. 48 (1880).— Type 
Nymphalis Io, Linn. 
# We refer the origin and authorship of this genus to Linnseus. See Historical Note (Lep. Indica, 
ii. p. 226) on its restriction to the typical species, as here assigned. 
M 2 
