104 
LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. 
speckled costal stripe beyond the cell, and a black patch crossed by a white bar at 
end of the cell. Rindwing beautifully marked with rich dark reddish-brown trans¬ 
verse sinuous fasciae with pale ochreous borders, which are numerously speckled 
With greyish-white and black scales; the veins from the base also lined with 
greyish-white; two white-edged blackish marks within the cell and a larger similar 
mark beyond the cell; outer disc traversed by a series of cordiform ocellate reddish 
spots with blue and black-speckled centres, followed by a submarginal blue-speckled 
blackish lunular line and a narrower similar marginal line. Body above olivescent 
golden-brown; palpi above blackish, beneath pale ochreous, the sides being 
white; legs pale ochreous, femora beneath black-speckled with white ; antennge 
black above, beneath and tip reddish-ochreous. 
Expanse 2 to 3 inches. 
Larva. —Head black, minutely tuberculated. Segments slightly hairy, armed 
with a dorsal and three lateral rows of branched-spines; spines mostly black ; 
segments blackish, numerously covered with very small yellowish spots. (Described 
from preserved specimens in Coll. Hocking.) 
Habitat. — W. and E. Himalayas; Assam; Naga Hills; Burma; Bombay; 
Nilgiris; Ceylon; China; Japan. 
Distribution, etc. —“ This is a common species wherever the food plant, the 
nettle, is found. It occurs commonly in the Himalayas up to considerable elevations. 
I possess a curious aberration, taken in the Deyra Dun, in July, by Col. Buckley, 
which almost exactly agrees with a variety of the European species (Atalcinta) 
figured by Herbst (pi. ISO, fig. 5, 6) ” (de Niceville, Butt. Ind. ii. 229). “It is 
very common in the late summer and autumn months throughout the N. W. 
Himalayas, and hybernated specimens are met with in the spring ” (id. Indian 
Agriculturist, Jan., 1880). Col. J. W. Yerbury found it <c common at Thundiani, 
the Hill Station above Abbottabad, in May, August, and September” (Ann. N. H. 
1888, 139). Capt, A. M. Lang found it “ abundant in the W. Himalayas from 5000 
to 10,000 feet elevation. Larvse taken at Kasauli on nettle, in June and July” 
(MS. Notes). Mr. P. W. Mackinnon says it is “ more common in Masuri than 
Cardui 3 but is comparatively rare in the Dun. The larvae feed on different species 
of Urticacese, and is gregarious. It flies almost throughout the year ” (J. Bombay 
N. H. Soc. 1897, 375). Major J. L. Sherwill, in his Journal of a trip in November 
in the Sikkim Himalayas, says this butterfly • ■ was common at great elevations. I 
observed it on the snow, and on the glaciers at 13,000 feet to 16,000 feet elevation, 
but it was the sole inhabitant of these cold and dreary regions ” (J. A. S. Bengal, 
1882, 479). “ Not uncommon in Sikkim, in open ground, at all seasons and 
elevations up to 12,000 feet elevation ” (H. J. Elwes, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1888, 362). 
Col. C. Swinhoe records taking several examples in Bombay in 1877 ” (P. Z. S. 
