PIERID2E. 
123 
avoid obstacles. The species which, comprise these sensational flights are the 
following*, to the exclusion of almost any other ;— Buploea Aselcc (and JEJ. Montana in 
May), Appias albina , A. Paulina , and the two Gatopsilias, Papilio Demoleus, and 
Belenois Mesentina [Taprobana J, irregularly. He calculated the number passing 
two fixed points 20 yards apart close to the edge of the sea, and concluded that not 
less than 14,000 passed between these points during the hours the flight lasted, from 
10 a.m. to 2 or 3 p.m.” Another observer, Col. C. J. Bingham, says, c< I had been 
in the Salween forests, beyond the great rapids, and was returning to Moulmein. 
It was a steamy day in October, and I was lying with the hot fever fit on me in the 
boat on the Salween below Shwegon, when I noticed clouds of butterflies, chiefly 
Catopsilia, migrating, crossing the Salween from East to West in a continuous 
stream” (Tr. Ent. Soc. Loud. 1902, 363). 
Mimicry. —Mimicry in this family of butterflies, within our area, occurs in the 
genus Metaporia,-— M. Gaphusa, Ariaca, and Agathon , each being fair mimics of the 
common Limnaine butterfly Parantica melanoicles. The females of the various 
species of Nepheronia, also mimic species of the Limnaine genera Bahora , Parantica , 
Gacluga , and Badacara. In PLebomoia Glaucippe , and allied species, when at rest 
with the wings vertically closed, the resemblance to a dead leaf is very striking. 
Mimicry also occurs between certain genera within the Family, an example of which 
is the Ceylonese Prioneris Sita, this rare species being, in both sexes, a splendid 
mimic of the common and highly-protected Piccarda F/ucharis. 
Seasonal Broods.— In his “ Notes on Indian Pierinse,” Capt. E. Y. Watson 
(.Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 1894, p. 489) writes, “ In different parts of the 
Indian region the seasons vary to a certain extent, so that it cannot be laid down as 
a fixed rule that specimens captured in any particular month will belong to any 
particular form; besides which allowance has to be made for breaks in the rains or 
showers in the dry-season. Roughly, however, the rainy-season may be said to 
extend from the middle of May to the middle of November, and the dry-season for 
the rest of the year, and it will be found that the very large majority of the 
specimens obtained during these periods will be wet- and dry-season forms respec¬ 
tively. The limitations given above are approximately those of the seasons in 
Burma, but they are liable to vary a fortnight either w T ay, while in the hilly districts 
of that country the rains sometimes continue till well in December. The same 
limitations would also apply fairly well to the whole of Eastern and Southern India, 
but in the dry tracts of the North-west the rains are of shorter duration and are 
less continuous; consequently rainy-season forms are scarce, and dry-season ones 
are much more pronounced. 
“ It must also be borne in mind that these seasonal races are not confined to 
two clearly-defined forms, i.e. a rainy-season and a dry-season form, but that in 
