138 
LE FIDO PTE RA IN DIG A . 
spot, a cell spot, a curved discal broken sinuous macular band and marginal row of 
somewhat quadrate spots. 
Female. Upperside white. Forewing with the basal area more broadly 
irrorated with darker scales, the white-spotted black apical band broader, the cell 
spot larger, the lower discal black spot always present, below which latter is a slender 
blackish marginal streak. Eindiving with the dark markings of the underside 
distinctly indicated, the basal being greyish-black scaled, the discal macular band 
and coalesced marginal spots distinctly black-scaled. Underside similar to the 
male. 
Expanse, S 1^ to 2^,, ? 2 to 2^ inches. 
Larva. —Adult. 44 Head yellow, round, thickly covered with black dots, each 
emitting a black hair. Body bluisli-grey, with tubercular black spots, each glossy 
and emitting a black hair; a lateral yellow stripe, not very noticeable, from its low 
position, and from being interrupted at each segment; spiracles flesh colour with 
paler whitish centre very inconspicuous and situated on the yellow stripe ; belly 
along the middle glaucous and paler than the green beneath the spiracular stripe.” 
Pupa. — 44 Whitish, with numerous black dots ” (Buckler, l.c. 121). 
Habitat. —S. Europe; Asia Minor; Persia; S. Asia; W. China; Ladak; 
Kashmir ; W. Himalayas ; Afghanistan ; Beluchistan. 
Distribution (Within our Area).—Col. C. Swinhoe records it from 44 Quetta, in 
Beluchistan, males and females being taken in May; males also caught in a maize- 
field near Chaman on August 16th, 1880” (Ann. Nat. Hist. 1882, 4). Col. Swinhoe 
also obtained it in 44 Quetta from February to April, and again in August and 
September; at Goolistan in April; Chaman, May and August; Balgai and Kasian, 
June ; Kandahar, February, April, August, and October. Common everywhere above 
the Bolan Pass ” (Tr. Ent. Soc. 1885, 342). Major Howland Roberts obtained it at 
44 Kokeran, near Kandahar, where it was common in June, frequenting cultivated 
ground and gardens. It settles suddenly on a flower and is as suddenly off again ” 
(P. z. s. 1880, 410). Capt. A. M. Lang wwites, 44 This butterfly occurs in the 
valleys of Upper Kunawur, also in the Spiti Valley, which is geographically, 
Tibetan. In Spiti and Gughe, the few valleys are oases of barley, millet, and 
buckwheat for 5 or 6 months in the year; the whole country being perfectly treeless 
and bare of all vegetation but Artemisia, Astragalus, a few oases and sparse grasses. 
In these village oases, among the fields, moist and luxuriant from the waters of the 
snow-rills, this butterfly swarms, but it never leaves the verdure of the villages ” 
(MS. Notes). 44 1 saw this butterfly in considerable numbers, flying about the village 
fields of cereals and turnips, in the villages on the Spiti River, Leo i( Chango, 
Shialkur, etc., and in the Chinese frontier village of Shipkee ” (id. P. Z. S. 1865, 
489). Dr. Jerdon obtained specimens in the 44 Valley of Kaschmir ” (Ent. Mo. Mag. 
