FHIGH CLASS SEEDS.]! 
J.M.THORBURN & Co. 15 JOHN ST.NewYdrk 
pression shows much of the animal’s 
moral nature. As for hide and hair, they 
show much as to the quality of the ani¬ 
mal On the best cows the hide is gen¬ 
erally rather thin and soft and oily, and 
the hair is fine, inclined to be short, and 
in many cases makes one think of a soft 
fur, but the color of the hair I never con¬ 
sider. What breed? By all odds a Jer¬ 
sey. It seems to be the general belief 
that while Jerseys give rich milk, there 
is very little of it. It is rich, richer than 
the milk of any other breed, but there 
are very many Jersey cows which give 
20 quarts per day, some going beyond 30 
per day Of course, a bull from such 
cows will cost more, but it would be 
money well spent, because every calf in 
the herd takes half the blood of the bull, 
so it follows that it is far better to have 
a first-c'ass bull than one first-class cow 
if you can afford to buy but one, for the 
cow will produce but one calf in a year, 
but the bull may sire 50 or more. Now 
for price: you should get one of the best, 
if he has a little white on him, for $ 100 , 
and even $50 will buy a very good one; 
sometimes less money will be needed if 
a breeder has had a large proportion of 
male calves. If I wanted a first-class 
bull, I would state my want in one or 
two good farm papers in the shape of an 
advertisement, inviting breeders to 
send to me pedigrees and prices of bulls 
from cows able to produce 20 quarts or 
more a day, and two pounds or over of 
butter a day. I know from experience 
t^at I would have enough answers to 
choose from. Then I would correspond 
with the parties, who seemed to have the 
nearest to what I wanted and could af- 
(Continued on next page.) 
The Farmers’ Club 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to Insure attention. Before 
asking a qiestlon please see if it is not answered in 
our advertising columns Ask only a few questions 
at one time. Put questions on a separate piece of 
paper.] 
Selecting: a Dairy Bull. 
U. R. W., Oosken, N. Y .—I have a farm 
naturally good, but now somewhat run 
down. The stock seem in the same fix. 
The cows—18 head—are of all colors and 
sizes ; a few are fairly good for natives, 
but six or seven I shall sell or give away, 
and then, I don’t think I can afford to 
restock, so I must get a purebred bull 
and save all my heifer calves for my 
future cows. How and where can I get 
such a bull as I need, and about what 
should he cost? How am I to judge 
him ? What are the good points, and 
why are they good ? I suppose I had 
better get a big calf, or maybe a yearling 
to save time. 
Ans.—Y our position is much the same 
as that in which many others find them¬ 
selves. The great majority seem content 
to let things run along as they are ; a 
few—and it speaks well for them—have 
waked up to the fact that by a little 
effort now, in a few years, almost before 
they know it, they have sold the old 
cows and have of their own breeding a 
herd of young cows able to produce 50 
per cent more income from the same 
feed than did the old ones. Now for the 
bull. In buying him you must rely on 
the description given by the seller, and 
you may safely do this in case of most 
breeders. Get his pedigree for three or 
four generations, and let the breeder 
tell you all he can as to the dam. Begin 
with her udder : Is it of good shape, well 
filled out forward ? Are the teats of 
good size and well spread, and do they 
all give a full, easy stream ? How much 
milk per day does she give when fresh, 
and does she hold it well ? How long 
does she go dry ? What per cent of 
cream does her milk show in the glass ? 
Has she been tested for butter; if so, 
what is her record ? Then, is she a good, 
hearty feeder? Is she broad-hipped and 
deep-bodied ? Has she plenty of room 
for a calf and a hearty meal besides ? Is 
her disposition quiet ? An uneasy, nerv¬ 
ous cow is often stirred up, and this 
means loss to her owner every time. 
Then learn all you can as to her sire and 
dam. On the sire’s side, you will have 
to judge much more from his sire and 
dam, unless he has daughters in milk. 
In this case, learn how they turn out. 
Are they good cows, good milkers, with 
good udders and teats, well built, quiet 
and docile ? Has his sire daughters that 
are proving themselves first-class cows? 
Is the sire’s dam first-class in every way; 
and has she any daughters able to reflect 
credit on their dam ? These are all 
straws which show which way the wind 
blows, and some are quite important too. And the most comfortable for the wearer. 
Learn all you can of the young bull’s 
family ; if they are good, you will not 
learn too much, if not, you will be better 
off to know it, and not get the bull. Do 
you think I examine rather closely into 
the bull’s family ? Well, why not ? 
Doesn’t he get his points, good and bad, 
from them ? Don’t you remember the old 
and true saying : “ Like produces like or 
the likeness of some ancestor?” Well, 
it applies to a bull ; but, as very 
worthy parents sometimes produce an 
unworthy son, we will now, supposing 
his family relations good, look him 
over. I would begin at the same 
place as with his dam. Has he good- 
sized and well spread false teats? Is he 
broad across the hips, deep-bodied, quiet, 
well grown ? Is he a good feeder ? Has 
he a mild, full eye, soft skin and a wedge 
shape, or is he long-legged, light-bodied, 
and “built for speed?” As for tails, I 
like a long one with a good switch, but 
it is not necessary. For horns, I like 
them short, curved and yellow, but they 
really show big and white and straight 
on some extra good cows. The eyes I 
like full and prominent, and their ex- 
Our 92ND Annual CATALOGUE is now ready, and will be 
mailed FREE on application. 
It contains the choicest collection in the world of 
Vegetable, Flower and Farm Seeds, 
including every standard variety and every novelty of established 
merit. Beautifully illustrated with hundreds of cuts and a 
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produce earlier vegetables than any other on earth . 
MY NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE MAILED FREE. Address 
CEORCE W. P. JERRARD, CARIBOU, MAINE. 
Farm Annual for 1893 
that has ever been issued. It Is a handsome 
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book of 172 pages, containing beauti- W m 
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There’s no risk in planting Burpee’s Seeds, for they’re sure to 
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GROW! 
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DREER’S GARDEN CALENDAR lor lS93-full of 
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HENBY A. DBEER, 714 Chestnut St., PHILADELPHIA. PA. 
IN THE 
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VAUGHAN POTATO 
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ic Vaughan Potato, Compe- 
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( VAUGHAN’S 
. SEED STORE I 
I CHICAGO, Ml 
f 148 W. Washington St. 
T NEW YORK, 7I 
I 26 Barclay Street, 
si Write to-day. This Advertisement ' 
Over 14,000 artificial limbs of the Marks patents in 
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A. A. M AR KS, 701 Broadway, New York. 
The Wonderful new Cherry. No Worms, Rot or Blight. 
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400 ACRES IN NURSERY. 
Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue Free. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON &. CO., 
Village Nurseries, HIGHTSTOWN. N. J. 
