1893 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
463 
Farmers' Club Discussion. 
Continued. 
school-house in the land charts on which 
were correctly displayed the various 
common plants that are either useful or 
injurious to the farmer. I would have 
them named with both their botanical 
and common names, so that the pupil 
would associate the correct name with 
each plant, and become familiar with it. 
I would also have charts of the useful 
and injurious insects arranged in the 
same way. Occasionally, or at stated in¬ 
tervals, the teacher could call the atten¬ 
tion of the pupils to one or more of the 
plants or insects depicted, and, in an in¬ 
teresting way, explain its uses, or why 
it is injurious, as the case may be. Text 
books that treat of these subjects should 
be in every school library, and to these 
both teacher and pupils might go for 
information. By having these object- 
lessons constantly before the eyes of the 
pupils, they would almost unconsciously 
acquire a store of useful knowledge on 
these important subjects. Pupils should 
be taught to observe and to think ; to 
digest the mental food they receive and 
assimilate it; this should be the object 
of all education. 
Double Crops In Orchards. 
T. V. Munson, Denison, Tex. —“ Does 
it pay to grow double crops in orchards, 
such as vegetables or grains? If so, 
what crops and under what conditions?” 
To the first question I answer yes, but 
only until the orchard has reached profit¬ 
able bearing size ; after that, no. As 
to the second question, it is difficult to 
point out generally what might be profit¬ 
able in every particular case, yet some¬ 
thing might be said which would aid the 
less experienced to secure at least greater 
returns from land set to an orchard not 
yet in full bearing, than if the land were 
given up entirely to the trees from the 
time of planting. No tall-growing crops, 
such as corn, sugar-cane, etc., are proper 
or profitable grown in an orchard, if the 
good of the latter be kept in view at the 
same time. No small grain crops, such 
as oats, wheat, rye, etc., which cannot 
be cultivated through the summer are 
profitable, if the good or after results 
in the orchard be kept in view. The 
reasons are that the tall crop shades, 
and cultivation is most likely to cause 
the trees to become damaged and stunted, 
and the uncultivated small grains cause 
such a heavy drain from the land at the 
very time the trees should make their 
best growth, that they become stunted, 
and none badly stunted when young is 
liable to so recover afterwards as to be 
profitable. 
Only low-growing crops, such as most 
vegetables, like cabbages, beets, turnips, 
potatoes, melons, etc., leaving the tree 
rows plenty of space, and which require 
good fertilizition and clean culture, can 
be grown profitably in young orchards, 
and at the same time allow the trees to 
advance with their full rapidity, and 
leave the land in excellent condition for 
its full needs. But by the time an or¬ 
chard reaches profitable service its roots 
reach all parts of the soil so that only 
very shallow cultivation can be used 
without damage to the trees, and conse¬ 
quently other crops, which must have 
deeper culture to be profitable, will do 
no good, unless the orchard be damaged, 
hence in grown-up, bearing orchards I 
would plant only such crops, and to get 
a good crop of these the ground should 
be well enriched, and this is just what 
the orchard needs. Besides, turnips 
would be about the only crop that would 
allow the gathering of the fruit crop 
without injury, except some kind of 
grass that would yield profitable pas¬ 
turage part of the year. The land then 
would have to be kept rich to sustain it 
and the pasture to a profitable point. 
Of course in small fruit gardens, in 
towns and cities, where the supply is not 
for market, but for family use, and one 
does his own work or superintends i;, 
the same ground can be kept perpetually 
in trees and vegetables or flowers at the 
tame time by high fertilization, careful 
culture and pruning, so as to permit 
light enough through to develop the 
undergrowth. Wonderful results and 
great satisfaction can be thus produced, 
but the profit must be counted in pleasure 
and health to the occupiers of the home 
not in dollars. And yet the same degree 
of pleasure and health might otherwise 
cost many more dollars, if acquired in 
going to health-resorts, and by similar 
methods, and hence such grounds may 
be considered very profitable. 
Uncle Sam Not a Book Agent. 
C. E. Westervelt, Editor Marybor¬ 
ough Record —We had the pleasure of 
publishing the following letter, written 
hy The R. N.-Y. to Cornelius Eckerson, 
as to a “ government” book agent who 
was canvassing this town : 
A few days since a man of uncertain axe and 
height called upon a number of our people with a 
‘•book" yarn, and his tongue greased sufficiently to 
make it run smooth. His story was that the govern¬ 
ment was about to Issue a work on the Columbian 
ce ebratlon, and that the price would be $2.50, but If 
payment was made at once the price would be but 
$1. Several here tnought they saw a chance to make 
an Investment, and paid the agent his dol.ar. Cor¬ 
nelius Eckerson hearing of the enterprise of the 
scheme, wrote to The rubai, New-Yorker, a 
paper which delights to expose frauds, and Monday 
received the following crisp, but natural reply to 
such an agent: 
the hotel at Van Wert, O. He said to 
me : “No matter where you go, when you 
find land that will grow Red clover you 
need not be afraid to invest in it, for you 
can make it good.” I had found that the 
poorest of this land would grow clover 
by the aid of stable manure. As I had 
never used any commercial fertilizers I 
began now to experiment with them. I 
went slow, however, using only 1% ton 
the first year and put it on different 
acres, varying the quantity from 50 
pounds per acre up to 300 pounds. By 
this experiment I found that it paid me 
to use a good brand of commercial fertil¬ 
izer on my wheat, as th3 extra yield of 
wheat more than paid for the fertilizer 
and the succeeding crop of clover paid 
for it again. That year I got an average 
of 14 bushels of wheat per acre from 35 
acres, most of which was not fertilized 
at all (except the deeper plowing and 
more thorough tillage the preceding 
year). This too, on land that cost me 
less than $12 per acre. I also got a stand 
of clover on all the ground manured or 
fertilized, and I now felt that I was 
master of the situation. 
If you name The Kuhal New-Yorkkb to our 
advertisers, you may be pretty sure of prompt 
replies and right treatment 
Corxei.ius Eckerson: 
Dear Sir: Our advice Is to let the agent entirely 
alone. The government will not Issue such a book 
except for free distribution. Tne man Is a fraud if 
he claims that the U. S government Is back of such 
a work. Ed. Rurai, New-Yorker. 
To-day the writer had a very “ inter¬ 
esting” interview with this slippery fel- 
lo /V, who demanded an apology. I quoted 
The R. N.-Y. as denouncing him as a 
fraud, but he informed me that you had 
“come out” and denied the statement, 
and that you now believed the govern¬ 
ment had issued such a work. 
R. N.-Y.—No sir, we have not “ come 
out” or come down from what we said 
then. The publications of the United 
States government are free. Uncle Sam 
does not go into the book business in any 
TWO KINDS OF WOMEN 
need Dr. Pierce’s 
Favorite Prescrip¬ 
tion—those who 
want to be made 
strong, and those 
who want to be 
made well. It 
builds up, invigor¬ 
ates, regulates, and 
cures. 
It’s for young 
girls just entering 
womanhood; for 
women who have 
reached the critical 
“change of life”; for women expect¬ 
ing to become mothers; for mothers 
who are nursing and exhausted ; for 
every woman who is run-down, delicate, 
or overworked. 
such way. If the agent is collecting 
money for the government he must have 
a commission from the Treasury or Inter¬ 
ior Departments. Challenge him to show 
his commission and see what he will do. 
For all the disorders, diseases, and 
weaknesses of women, “Favorite Pre¬ 
scription” is the only remedy so unfail¬ 
ing that it can be guaranteed. If it 
doesn’t benefit or cure, in every case, 
the money will be returned. 
Clover Saves a Southern Plantation. 
E. L. Ci., Louden, Tenn. —When I came 
here from Ohio, in October, 188(5, this 
farm was in a sad state. It had been 
rented and “skinned” for 20 years, and 
the hilly part was gullied badly in many 
places, the soil being all washed off. 
The subsoil is a very compact red clay, 
and seems to be full of plant food, al¬ 
though I am not chemist enough to 
analyze it; but I know that when it is 
plowed and exposed to the sun and ele¬ 
ments for a year, it produces beauti¬ 
fully The tenant who occupied the 
farm when I bought it advised me not 
to plow any deeper than he had done, 
(which was three or four inches) as doing 
so would ruin the land. 
The first year I tended a field in corn 
E 
VAPORATINC FRUIT 
Full treatl»c on Improved methodn, yleffin, pro- 
II I* and prleef* Free. AMERICAN MFC. CO. 
Jtox it*. WAYNESBORO, 1*A. 
Special Reduced Price for 
ONE Month. 
BY A. A. CUOZIER. 
A collection of errors and superstitions entertained 
by farmers, Hardeners and others, together with 
b lef sclentltlc refutations. High y 1 terestlng to 
students nd Intelligent readers of the new and at¬ 
tractive In rural literature, and of real value to 
practical cultivators who want to know the truth 
about their work. Trice $1, reduced to 75 cents. 
THE RURAL PUBLISHING! CO., 
Oor. Pearl and Chambers Sts., New York. 
which had a “wash” of about three- 
IF YOU WISH your infant to be 
well nourished, healthy and vigorous. 
THE * BEST • FOOD 
For Hand-Fed Infants, Invalids, Conva¬ 
lescents, Dyspeptics, and the Aged. 
Our Book for MOTHERS, 
“THE CARE AND FEEDING OF INFANTS,” 
Mailed free upon request. 
OOLI BER GOODALE Co .BOSTON.MASS 
♦ GIVE THE BABY ♦ 
WOOD ASHES. 
FOR FERTILIZING PURPOSES. 
Tlio Michigan Agricultural College values Hard 
Wood Ashes worth $20.00 per ton. Soft Wood 
$16.80 per ton, and Leached Ashes $10.40 per ton. 
Write for carload prices at your Railroad Stations. 
We also manufacture Potash Salt and Pure 
Bone Fertilizers. 
FITCH FERTILIZER WORKS, 
338 North Madison Ave, Bay City, Midi. 
CRIMSON CLOVER SEED, DOVER, DEL. 
Del. crop ’93. Price low. Sample and price free 
on application. E. G. PACKARD. 
Someth 1 n g 
ITEEL-CLAD STONE BOAT. 
01 
■J farmers. Two sizes. Prices reasonable. Ask 
your Implement dealer for one or address 
KIMBLE & SCHMID, M’f’rs, Manchester, Mich. 
LANDS FOR SALE. 
By the Illinois Central RR. Co., at 
Low Prices and on Easy Terms, 
in Southern Illinois. 
The best farm country In the world for either large 
or small farms, gardens, fruits, orchards, dairying, 
raising stock or sheep. A greater variety of crops, 
with a greater proilt, can he grown on a less amount 
of lands In this country than can bo raised In any 
other portion of this State. All sales made exclu¬ 
sively by the Land Commissioner, I. C. Hit. Co. 
Special Inducements and facilities offered by the 
Illinois Central Railroad Company to go and examine 
these lands. For full description and map, and any 
Information, address or call upon 
B. P. 8KENB, 
Laud Commissioner I. C. RK. Co., 
78 Michigan Ave., CHICAGO, ILL 
ENGINES, mAI,. 
Threshing Machines. 
Best Machinery at Lowest Prices. 
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., York, Pa. 
DIXON S SILICA CRAPHITE PAINT 
Water will rnn from It pnre anil clean. It covers double 
the surface of any other paint, and will last four or five 
times longer. Equally useful for anyiron work. Send for 
circulars. Jos. Dixon crucible Co., Jersey City, N, J. 
PORTABLE BATHS, 
WW.L..U ui tMtt, 
Ag«nte Wanted Kvrjwkmo. 
Send for Clrealsra, 
E. J. KN0WLT0N, 
iu 
WALL PAPER 
The select colorings and 
designs of the season. 
______ ___1(H) samples for 8 ce (its. 
A. L. DiameNT & Co., 1624 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 
quarters of an acre. While on the rest 
of the field the corn was 12 feet high 
—although plowed eight inches deep— 
that on this part did not grow to more 
than a foot in height during the season, 
and looked very sick at that. In t.>e 
fall I prepared the land, and sowed it to 
wheat the first week in November, and 
put all the stable manure I had—15 loads 
in all, as I had but little stock—on tills 
“ wash,” putting it on top, harrowing it 
twice, and then drilling the wheat at the 
rate of one bushel per acre. The close 
clay subsoil holds all the manure, and 
none leaches away, and on this spot the 
wheat was four feet high, thick and well 
filled, and I got a good catch of clover ; 
and that spot has never failed to produce 
a crop since then. This convinced me 
that, with stable manure, the poorest of 
this worn-out land can be reclaimed. 
Before starting South to hunt a home 
I asked T. B. Terry for advice. His 
answer is fresh in my mind. We were in 
IOT ! 
DO YOU LIKE IT ? 
ICE CREAM ! 
if you do, the easy way to get it on the farm is hy use of the Lem Ice < ream 
reezer, that we offer to subscribers only on the easiest terms possible. Every 
rm house that is up to the times really 
jeds one. When you have tried you 
ill think it as necessary as a wash tub 
• water pail. Some of the Gem points 
•e : Pails of best white cedar; gear’ng 
impletely covered ; double action with 
slf-adjusting scraper; cans well-made 
t heavy tin plate; iron work thickly 
ad smoothly galvanized; requires small- 
it possible quantity of ice ; hence, eco- 
omical in use. Simple, neat, most con- 
snient and satisfactory for family use 
ad of low cost. Regular list price of 
le three:quart size, $3.75 ; our price to 
ibscribers only $1.70 ; with a year’s 
ibscription, $2.50. Four quart size, $2, 
ith a year’s subscription, $2.75. Weight, 9 and 11 pounds, respectively. Freight 
r express at subscriber’s expense. 
THE RURAL PUBLISHING CO., Cor. Chambers and Pearl Sts., New York. 
