478 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
July 15 
Another Sunday Opener Opens Up. 
E. P. R , Sydney, Ohio.—The Rurai, 
criticises the managers of the World’s 
Fair for opening it to the public on Sun¬ 
day, and accuses them of breaking faith 
with the Government. The action of 
Congress in voting to have the fair closed 
on Sunday was obtained by forgery and 
fraud on the part of the churches of our 
country; therefore it should not be bind¬ 
ing. To the petitions to Congress from 
Ohio asking to have the fair closed on 
Sunday there were nearly a million more 
signatures than there are men, women 
and children in the State. I have made 
diligent inquiry for months and have 
found no one who signed such a petition. 
The petitions from some other States 
contained a larger percent of forged signt - 
tures than those from Ohio. Then, too, 
the proprietors of all the saloons, gamb¬ 
ling dens, and other places of ill-repute 
in Chicago were doing all they dared to 
assist the churches in their efforts to 
close the fair on Sunday. Jesus repeat¬ 
edly violated and thus abrogated the 
old Jewish law which commanded that 
the seventh day of each week be kept 
holy. There is no command in the 
Bible requiring any observance of the 
first day—Sunday. In fact all days are 
alike holy for good, and the Americans, 
as well as the people of other countries 
are fast outgrowing this old Jewish su¬ 
perstition. 
Sow Clover in the Fall. 
A. D., Horseiieads, N. Y.—I have 
been trying for some years to get our 
farmers hereabouts to sow clover in the 
fall and give it the field without any grain 
with it. They all say it will winter-kill. 
Last fall at the middle of September, 
after I had taken up a crop of celery, I 
sowed Red clover on a clay soil. It came 
up quite well; some more I sowed on Oc¬ 
tober 1, and it came up, but did not get 
much start. We had an open and very 
cool winter, but the clover wintered all 
right and from one-quarter of an acre I 
have fed my big horse weighing 1,400 
pounds, all he could eat, and not more 
than half the lot has been cut yet, and 
where we cut the first, it now is well out 
in head and lodges badly. The horse can¬ 
not consume what will grow on one- 
quarter of an acre, though we feed him 
until fall. My land is rich and fit for any 
crop. 
Gift Crates and Shift Tickets. 
W. .1., Godfrey, III.—In some of your 
late issues there has been considerable 
discussion in regard to gift packages for 
small fruits. I have been a fruit grower 
for nearly 25 years, and have very rarely 
used the same box twice, and then only 
in my local sales. In cases where I have 
sold a case or two of berries to my neigh¬ 
bors, and they may have returned the 
packages clean and in good or Jer, I have 
used them the second time, but not under 
any other conditions. The principal mar¬ 
ket for the fruit from this section is Chi¬ 
cago, and I have never received, nor have 
I ever known of others having had any 
fruit packages of any kind returned from 
there. The principal and almost the 
only packages used for small fruits here 
are cases of 16 quarts and of 24 pints ; 
the pints are used for raspberries and 
persimmons exclusively. In regard to 
keeping accounts with our pickers, (about 
which much also has lately been said) 
the system of tickets in use here seems 
to be as satisfactory as any. They a. e 
made of strong pasteboard about an inch 
wide and 1% long, with the name of the 
proprietor and the number of boxes 
printed thereon. The tickets are of differ¬ 
ent colors and denominations, viz., 1- 
quart, blue; 2-quart, light brown ; 4- 
quart, red; 24 quart, pink, and 48-quart 
yellow. The smaller sizes are given out 
till the pickers have enough to exchange 
for a 24 or a 48-quart ticket, when, for 
obvious reasons, they are very willing to 
do so. We have no punching or marking 
down to be done, and, in one sense the 
pickers keep their own accounts. A child 
of 10 years, of ordinary intelligence, is 
just as competent to give out tickets as 
a grown-up person. 
South Carolina Liquor Dealers. 
W. T., Aiken, S. C.—In a late issue 
The Rural asks : “Are the Tillman men 
worse than rum sellers ?” I say, yes, be¬ 
cause they are not only barkeepers them¬ 
selves, but they compel me to be one 
against my will. In law, the receiv r of 
stolen goods, knowing them to be stolen, 
is as bad as the thief. The Tillmanites 
argue, in fact assert, that the dispensary 
profits will reduce taxes ; that makes me 
a participant in the business of bar¬ 
keeping, as I get part of the profits, and 
part of the honor of being one of the 
proprietors. Honor ! There are people 
who consider the selling of liquor a 
crime, and the seller a criminal; they 
also say he is low in character and irre¬ 
sponsible. The Rural says, responsible 
only to some big brewing company. 
Under the above construction, the Till¬ 
manites, in fact all taxpayers of South 
Carolina, are compelled to be classed in 
this same category, i. e., barkeepers. 
The Bordeaux Mixture. —Here is an 
interesting note and several queries 
must be answered only after investiga¬ 
tion : 
For some years I have been an Interested observer 
of the fungicide and Insecticide formulas in experi¬ 
ment station reports and various other places. For 
the Bordeaux Mixture given in The R N -Y. of June 
30,1892, the formula was one ounce of copper sulphate 
and three-quarters of an ounce of lime to one gallon 
of water; In June 24,1893, The R. N.-Y. gave this for¬ 
mula: one-half ounce of copper sulphate and one- 
half ounce of lime to one gallon of water. The orig¬ 
inal was more than eight times stronger, or had more 
than eight times the amount of copper sulphate. 
Now ccmes Dr. Jabez Fisher of Fitchburg, Mass , a 
noted fruit raiser, and in an address before the 
Massachusetts Board of Agriculture in December, 
1891, reported In Massachusetts Agricultural Report, 
18s 1. he says this copper and lime mixture is very 
unscientific in its proportions, as they form by com¬ 
bination a double decomposition producing sulphate 
of lime and oxide of lime, an entirely insoluble sub¬ 
stance, and goes on with various explanations and 
theories regarding it. Finally he claims a simple 
solution of the copper sulphate in water, one pound 
to 800 gallons or one ounce to 50 gallons of water to 
be fully as effective as the copper and lime mixture, 
as he says it is more than 28 times stronger than any 
fungous growth would live In. Perhaps The Rural 
has seen and read this, but I have not seen any no¬ 
tice of it in any paper, but If his theory is correct and 
in practice is equally effective, it is much more sim¬ 
ple and less costly and any insecticide can be used 
in It. TO. H. ALLEN. 
Munroe, Mass. 
Since writing yesterday I have been examining the 
trees sprayed, and find some of them with leaves 
turning yellow and some with edges discolored and 
burnt. A quince is badly affected and some apple 
trees, others not at all. Plum trees do not show any 
effects from it. I have written to Dr. Fisher to learn 
if he has had any such effects from this or last year’s 
use. w. h. a. 
What we called The R. N.-Y.’s diluted 
Bordeaux Mixture was, as our friend 
quoted: One ounce of copper sulphate, 
three-quarters (or one ounce) of lime to 
every gallon of water. That sprayed 
upon our vines two or three years ago 
seemed quite strong enough to prevent 
blight without injuring the most tender 
young leaves. The second recipe alluded 
to was a careless error for which we have 
no excuse. During the present season 
we used as an experiment a quarter of a 
pound each of copper and lime to every 
gallon of water. The effect was to 
blacken the tips of the shoots of potato 
vines. Whether it is the copper that acts 
as an insecticide or the sulphur we do 
not know. Some contend that it is the 
latter and that the copper is simply 
harmful. Evidently more experimenta¬ 
tion is needed with this so-called Bor¬ 
deaux Mixture, and no doubt the work of 
experimenting will throw needed li^ht 
upon this question ere the present sea¬ 
son closes. 
Our Native Grape is a book of 200 
pages (9 by 0 inches) published by C. 
Mitzkey & Co. of Rochester, N. Y. The 
plan and scope of the book are those of 
the Bushberg Catalogue, the essential 
difference being that the latest informa¬ 
tion as to new varieties, the diseases of 
the berries and vines and the best rem¬ 
edies is presented in full. The book 
opens with a History of the Grape. Then 
follows Classification, Propagation, Hy¬ 
bridizing, Soil, Vineyard Planting, Prun¬ 
ing and Training, Grafting, Girdling, 
Fertilizers, Diseases, Treatment, Spray¬ 
ing Outfits, Injurious Insects; Harvesting 
the Grape, Marketing, Keeping, Fruit 
Houses, Cold Storage, Preserving Fluids, 
Wine Making, and finally a carefully pre¬ 
pared descriptive list, with many illustra¬ 
tions. 
The title of the book “ Our Native 
Grape ” is misleading to the extent that 
hybrids with Vinifera are described in 
the lists as well as pure natives. The in¬ 
structions as to hybridizing or cross¬ 
breeding are imperfect in that we are 
told to cut off every stamen of the mother 
flower “as soon as the flowers are opened 
sufficiently.” It is well known that pol¬ 
lination and fertilization often occur be¬ 
fore the flower opens or the “ cup ” 
falls. The only safe way is to open the 
bud and remove the anthers while they 
are unquestionably immature. Again 
the use of gauze bags for covering the 
flower operatec upon is absurd. Gauze 
will not give positive protection from 
foreign pollen which may be carried 
through it by tiny insects, rain or wind. 
The book is one that all who are inter¬ 
ested in grape culture should have for 
reference and study. 
(Continued on next page.) 
In writing to advertisers, please always mention 
The Rural New-Yorker. 
HOOD’S Pills assist digestion, cure headache. 
Hood’s 
Sarsaparilla 
Cured me of Goitre or 
swellings in the neck 
which I had from 10 
years old till I was 52. 
When I began taking 
Hood’s Sarsaparilla I 
was feeling so discour¬ 
aged with goitre and 
rheumatism. When I 
Mrs. Sutherland, caught cold I could not 
walk two blocks without fainting. Now I am 
free from it all and I can truly recommend 
HOOD’S SARSAPARILLA.” Mrs. 
Anna Sutherland, Kalamazoo, Mich. 
ATTENTION! 
ASK FOR THIS AXE. 
USE NO OTHER. 
Wood-choppers, try the 
Kelly Perlecl Sxe 
It will cut more wood 
than any other axe. 
The scoop in the blade 
keeps it from sticking in 
the wood, and makes it 
cut deeper than any other 
axe. Ask your dealer for 
it. Send us his name if 
he don’t keep it. It is the 
Anti-Trust Axe. 
Kelly Axe Mfg.Co. 
LOUISVILLE, KV. 
LEGGETT’S 
PARIS GREEN or DRY POWDER GUN. 
distributes Paris-Green, London-Purple, Helle¬ 
bore, or any dry powder In any quantity desired. 
By turning the crank a volume of powder Is 
forced through the tube, and envelopes the plant, 
bush or tree In a cloud of dust. It is simple, dur¬ 
able and cheap. Four tubers with each gun. full 
length eight feet. Price, $6; express paid east of 
Rocky Mountains. Send for circular. Agents wanted 
LEGGETT <S 1JJRO., 301 Pearl St., New York. 
s 
■J p*PU & l\] Writing thoroughly taugi ,t 
• * ■ » ■ ■ ■ by mail or personally, 
ituationg procured all pupils when competent, 
end for circular. W. G, CHAFFEE, Oswego,N.Y. 
Bookkeeping, Penmanship and Spanish thoroughly 
taught by mall. 
The 
FAIRBANKS 
GALVANIZED 
STEEL 
TOWERS 
Are WARRANTED to bo 
strictly first-class in material 
and construction, to be the best 
regulated, and to produce more 
power than any other steel mill made. 
THE ECLIPSE WIND MILL 
the Original Self-regulating Wood Wheel. 
Pumps,Tanks, &c. Send for Catalogue and Prices. 
FAIRBANKS, MORSE & CO., CHICAGO, ILL 
A CHANCE FOR A 
HOME 
RESERVATION LANDS 
IN THE 
INDIAN 
TERRITORY 
You want to know all about this district, 
and how you can secure a quarter or half sec¬ 
tion of land on the 
GREAT 
ROCK ISLAND 
ROUTE 
Write at once to me and state your wants, 
and I will send you full particulars, Including 
map of that district. Will send the “Western 
Settler” for one year FREE ON APPLICATION 
JNO. SEBASTIAN, 
General Ticket and Passenger Agent. 
CHICAGO, U.S.A. 
DON’T HIRE 
A LAWYER 
BUT GET A COPY OF 
LAW MADE EASY 
By L. J. Robinson, LL.B, 
A Complete Law Library 
In one volume of 600 pages. Treating fully all Cases 
and subjects known tn Common Law. 
A Law Book for Every-day People in Every-day 
Life, both business and domestic, teaching them how 
they may Keep Out of Legal Difficulties. 99 per cent 
of all cases tried in the courts of the country Might 
Have Been Avoided by the possession and exercise 
of a little correct information. 
“ Ignorantia legis neminem excusat.” 
Ignorance ol law excuses no one. 
ENDORSED BY EMINENT AUTHORITIES, 
Such as Wm. F. Warren, D.D , LL.D., Pres. Boston 
Unlv.; E H. Bennett, LL.D , Dean ot Boston Unlv. 
Law School; Hon R. S. Greene, Chief Justice, Wash.; 
Joel P. Bishop, LL B., author of noted works on law; 
Melville M. Bigelow, LL.B., author of standard legal 
works; Hon. Henry W. Paine, Att’y; Hon. H. T. 
Helm, Att’y; Judge Thos. L. Nelson, of U. S. Dist. 
Court In Mass.; Milwaukee Sentinel; Phila. Record. 
Well bound In cloth, prepaid, S3.£0. Our special 
price to R. N.-Y. subscribers, 82, sent prepaid. With 
year’s subscription, 82.50. 
THE RURAL PUBLISHING CO., 
Cor. Chambers and Pearl Sts., New York. 
MAKE MONEY 
While You 
STAHL’S 
EXCELSIOR 
FRUIT DRIER 
Evaporate? Fruit DAY 
and NIGHT. Catalogue 
free upon application. 
Add res? 
WILLIAM STAHL 
EVAPORATOR C0MPT, 
| QUIHCY, ILL. 
