5i8 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
July 29 
AN EDUCATIONAL FRAUD. 
The Kansas Fai mer recently contained 
an account of the doings of one “ Prof. 
Brown,” who is said to be entertaining 
the horticulturists of Colorado, and prob¬ 
ably working east like the potato bug 
named after that State. Here is what 
they say of him : 
“ Prof. Brown’s specialty is blight. 
What he doesn’t know about apple and 
pear blight wouldn’t fill a respectable 
experiment station bulletin. He has 
discovered, so he informs his victims, 
that blight is caused by a minute larval 
worm working at the roots of the trees. 
This larva he calls the ‘ multi-transpar¬ 
ent blight parasite.’ 
“Prof. Brown’s method of operating 
is something as follows : An orchard is 
found which shows evidences of blight, 
and the owner is interviewed. Taking 
the owner of the orchard, the professor 
digs around one of the worst affected 
trees, discloses a partially decayed por¬ 
tion of the root with dozens of small, 
white larvae working in the dead bark, 
and then says : ‘ Now you see the cause 
of the blight. Scientific men will tell 
you that blight is a bacterial disease, but 
what is theory when compared with 
practical experience ? Seeing is believ¬ 
ing. Here you can see with your own 
eyes the cause of the blight.’ And the 
orchardist thinks he can. ‘ Now,’ con¬ 
tinues the professor, ‘ my insect extermi¬ 
nator will kill these insects and cure the 
blight; and all I charge for the privilege 
of using it is $25. To be sure, you will 
have to buy the neeessary machines and 
material asi le from this, but for the sal¬ 
vation of your orchard you can easily 
afford to pay so small a sum as will be 
needed.’ 
“ The orchardist usually invests. Why 
shouldn’t he, when the professor and his 
exterminator have both been officially 
indorsed, as they have, by the Colorado 
State Board of Horticulture ? Why 
should he question the statement that 
blight is caused by these multi-trans- 
parent blight parasites, when the men 
who have been selected as the best in 
the State to look after horticultural in¬ 
terests do not question it ? Would it 
not be presumptuous for him to suggest 
that possibly the presence of these ‘para¬ 
sites’ is the effect, rather than the cause 
of the blight, when those who should 
know something of such matters do not 
suggest as much ? 
“ But the professor is doing a great 
deal of good in Colorado. He is awaken¬ 
ing the orchardists to the danger which 
threatens their plantations, and is set¬ 
ting them at work combating the danger 
according to a reasonable method, al¬ 
though the theories he puts forth as to 
the cause of the trouble and the reason 
for the treatment are wholly untenable. 
“ The ‘ exterminator ’ is a simple me¬ 
tallic apparatus designed to be sunk 
into the earth near the trunk of the tree, 
there to serve as a means for the grad¬ 
ual and effective dissemination of the 
fertilizing compound and kerosene emul¬ 
sion with which it is charged. The ap¬ 
paratus consists of two vessels, one fit¬ 
ting partially inside of the other, like 
the two parts of a telescope dinner pail. 
Bone dust, potash and other fertilizers 
are placed in the lower vessel, and the 
kerosene emulsion is poured into the 
upper. Numerous holes in both vessels 
allow the emulsion to flow into the one 
containing the fertilizer, and then out 
into the ground, carrying some of the 
fertilizer with it. 
“ Prof. Brown’s explanation of the ef¬ 
ficacy of this treatment is that the emul¬ 
sion and fertilizer together kill the par¬ 
asites, and thus cure the blight by re¬ 
moving its cause. As an adjunct to this 
treatment, all blighted portions of the 
tree are eut back to unaffected wood. 
The reason for this is not assigned. 
“In the treatment applied by the pro¬ 
fessor we have just the measures that 
have been recommended for years—re¬ 
moving all diseased wood and applying 
fertilizer to assist the tree in recuper¬ 
ating its wasted energy—nothing more. 
The fact that the white larvae are at the 
roots cuts no figure as far as the blight 
is concerned, and is used only as an argu¬ 
ment in persuading those ignorant of the 
nature of the blight to put up the desired 
$25. Any orchardist may fertilize and 
prune his blighted trees with fully as 
good results without the use of Prof. 
Brown’s exterminator, and at a small 
fraction of the cost. There is no need 
of paying tribute to an itinerant fraud 
for the privilege of using a treatment 
which has been employed for years, and 
the wise orchardist will refuse to do it.” 
FARMER GREEN'S ADVICE. 
“ Take my advice, Tom ; set out some 
apple trees, and, when you are an old 
man like me, they will be the comfort of 
your old age.” 
So said farmer Green, and, brushing 
back the silver locks from his brow, con¬ 
tinued : 
“ Thirty years ago, Sarah and I set out 
the trees you see yonder. We were young 
then and did not realize how soon we 
would grow old. But we did long for a 
store of good apples to lay by for win¬ 
ter. For many years it looked as though 
our trees would not amount to much. 
The fact is, we had to work hard and 
sort of imagined that our little trees 
would in some way take care of them¬ 
selves. The soil here is just the right 
kind for apple trees, or, I am afraid, 
they would never have lived. Well, after 
years had gone by, 1 began to think how 
I had neglected them, and then I saw 
that I had no right to expect fruit from 
them as they were, so I went to work 
and helped them. Day after day and 
week after week I spent in trimming 
them and putting dressing around them. 
Well, a year had not gone by before I 
was proud of my orchard. It immedi¬ 
ately changed in looks. The trees put 
out a wonderful new growth, the leaves 
became dark and glossy, and, when blos¬ 
soming time came, such a sight I never 
saw on the old farm before ! About the 
time of all these changes, I began to read 
about ‘spraying.’ I had been sorely 
troubled by wormy and defective fruit, 
so resolved to try the new device. Well, 
you know the result—every year our or¬ 
chard is loaded with perfect fruit. I 
must say it is wonderful. 
“ Come with me, Tom, my boy, and 
see these rows of Russets with the ; r 
graceful limbs bending to the earth with 
their loads of fruit. There are the Kings 
—not many of them. Below you see the 
Spys and Bellflowers. In yonder orchard 
you see we have an abundance of Talman 
Sweets. Yes, Sarah and I planted to suit 
our tastes without much of an idea of 
their future market value. Well, Tom, 
I feel like encouraging a young man who 
has a farm in a section of the country 
where apple trees will grow, to set all 
the trees he can. Then, with care and 
kind treatment, together with the aid of 
science, he will find his orchard the com¬ 
fort and staff of his old age. J. B. m. 
A VIEW OF AMERICAN FARMING. 
A farmer in Britain, working 160 to 
200 acres of rented land, seems to be a 
different being from his American con¬ 
gener, who owns and tills an equal acre¬ 
age. The Briton personally performs 
little manual labor, he attends to what 
might aptly be termed the commercial 
end of his establishment. He is not only 
considered “Somebody,” but he is a well- 
fed, well-dressed business man, whether 
seen trading at market or driving to or 
from home in his neat dog cart. 
American humorists find a fertile field 
for their talents in portraying our Amer¬ 
ican farmers, until “Hayseeds” has be¬ 
come the common appellation for the 
fraternity. Still our farmers are live, 
pushing, careful and head-working men. 
The major portion, however, seem to 
consider they have to perform the manual 
labor necessary on their farms if they 
wish to be successful, and become more 
like laborers than the majority of their 
European brethren. 
City people have learned to look upon 
country folks as their natural prey. 
Boards of trade, railroads, commission- 
men, retailers, etc., reap richer harvests 
out of the farmers than the latter secure 
from their well tilled fields, notwith¬ 
standing the fact that the farmer is one 
of the raisons d'etre of the city prosperity, 
and now it seems that the city parasites 
have grown larger and more powerful 
than their farmer hosts. 
Is it not true that many farmers are 
yearly falling farther behind financially? 
We hear of the successful farmers, those 
who have carved and worked their way 
to competency; what about the unsuc¬ 
cessful ? They made a brave fight 
against many odds; they risked their 
all and failed. No pean celebrates their 
futile efforts, t eir heroic smuggles, 
against adverse circumstances. Can les¬ 
sons not be learned from failure as well 
as from success ? 
See the man struggling to maintain 
his widowed mother, also his own young 
and growing family from the old impov¬ 
erished farm, already heavily mortgaged. 
He sees clearly how matters could be 
improved, but cannot procure the needed 
manures or pay for the help he wauls. 
He attempts to do the manual labor of 
two men, besides the planning and 
thinking necessary. Result: the man¬ 
ual labor is not thoroughly performed, 
and the large amount of physical exer¬ 
tion and consequent exhaustion renders 
him unfit for the proper performance of 
mental exertion. Perhaps sickness and 
sorrow enter his home, accidents occur 
which forethought might have prevented 
had he not attempted too much, and 
added to the poverty of his facilities ; 
he is hit by a bad season and loses heart 
and farm together with his living at 
one full swoop. 
He may be a new starter at the busi¬ 
ness, who is attempting too much for 
his capital and his experience. Still all 
make the fight and lose. Perhaps they 
are physically and mentally the super¬ 
iors of the successful ones. 
Education often demands more of the 
luxuries of life, which have become 
necessities to the educated, which the 
less educated do not require. A day 
spent in the county tax collector’s office 
will soon show that brains are not neces¬ 
sary to the acquisition of property, 
many illiterate individuals, seemingly of 
dull and slow comphrehension, paying 
large sums for taxes on realty. 
• 
Then gently scan vour brother man, 
Still gentler, sister woman; 
Though they may gang a kennln’ wrang, 
To step aside Is human.— Burns. 
R SYDE. 
Old-Time Lazy Boys. — Rev. Anson 
Titus in the Independent tells us that 
in 3656, the freeholders of the town of 
Boston 
“agreed upon the complaint against thi 
son of Godwife Samon living withoutt a 
calling, tr at if she dispose nott of him 
in someway of employ before the next 
meeting, that then the townesmen will 
dispose of him to some service according 
to law.” 
Let us suppose that all the lazy boys 
of to-day could be thus treated. There 
would be work in store for somebody. 
Oxe Dollar Expended Now In purchasing a 
bottle of Jayne’s Expectorant, by those troubled 
with a slight Cough or Hoarseness, or Sore Throat, 
may save the expense of a doctor’s bill. A neglected 
Cou h often ends In Consumption. A slight Inflam¬ 
mation of the lining of the wind-tubes, the usual 
symptoms of which are Sore Throat and a pain In 
the Breast, frequently leads to Bronchitis. A day’s 
delay may entail months of suffering. Better try at 
once J..yne's Expectorant, a standard remedy, whose 
curative properties have been tested by thousands. 
—Adv. 
Gholera Infantum. 
This most common cau6eof death among young 
children is rightly dreaded by all mothers. Save the 
little ones by ublng l>R. CHILES’ DIARRHEA 
CORDIAL. Gives Instant relief. Be ready for the 
expected siege of cholera this summer. Price, 25 
cents a bottle. Sold by all drugglBts and dealers of 
medicine, or direct to me. Hundreds of reliable 
testimonials. Prepared only by 
DR. J. W. CHILES, Dixon, Ill. 
SOME 
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