558 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
August 19 
Prof. F. E. Emery, N. C. Experiment 
Station: —The plan on which B. L , Fort 
Smith, Ark., proposes to build a silo is 
too expensive. If bis soil will stand as it 
does here, in North Carolina, a silo would 
last for some time by cutting down and 
building above the surface with timber 
only. 
There are some silos here which are 
excavated and boarded up from near the 
surface with a single wall, which keep 
the contents well. Board partitions are 
indulged in if desired. Handling much 
earth is expensive, and B. L. could take 
lumber to a mill and have it sawed and 
give a part of it in payment for the work 
and for nails and build cheaper than he 
can make earth walls. Or, he can use 
his timber to erect the walls exactly as 
he would build a log-house with either 
round or squared sticks and plaster the 
cracks. In this way he can make his 
silo as large as he wants, and it will be 
more durable than one made with poles 
in constant contact with earth. By 
erecting a log silo he will need nothing 
but timber, teams, tools and labor and 
can build as large as he pleases. If he 
feeds enough stock to warrant a 100-foot 
silo he should not indulge in more than 
three partitions since division of space 
causes much greater waste. 
A grading into the bank would be de¬ 
sirable for the cheaper timber silo, in 
order to approach and fill from the up¬ 
hill side, while the ensilage would be fed 
out of convenient doors on the down-hill 
side. For so long a silo, several cross 
drains of stone under the bottom would 
be desirable, and the bottom can be 
rammed hard. The earth will then 
hardly need a straw covering. On top, 
instead of the expensive stones, a layer 
of straw evenly put and followed by 
three or four inches of fine earth, will 
be all the cover needed. The fodder, 
stacked*up exactly as hay is stacked in 
pretty large stacks, will keep well in a 
moderate climate. Alternate freezing 
and thawing injures rather too much of 
the outside for stacking where cold 
weather prevails during the feeding 
season. 
B. L. can silo prairie grass with an¬ 
ticipation of good results if he cuts it in 
a green stage. Reports seem to indicate 
that dry forage burns out too much. The 
writer has had good success with one 
small silo of Timothy and clover in an 
earth pit. This pit was a simple excava¬ 
tion filled to the top with the grass, 
clover and comfrey. The last was a 
failure. 
A Cheap Spraying Machine. 
J. W. N., Stowe, Vt. —The materials 
are a wheelbarrow, a keg or tub, and a 
cheap force pump with a spraying noz¬ 
zle. The keg should hold from 10 to 15 
gallons, according to the length of the 
rows, the strength of the operator, etc. 
A round hole had better be sawed in the 
upper head large enough to take in the 
pump and allow the liquid to be easily 
poured in. A piece of old tin or sheet- 
iron about a foot wide and long enough 
to be nailed around the inside of the 
hole so as to project both above and be¬ 
low the head, will both keep the liquid 
from slopping over and aid in pouring it 
into the hole. The pump I use cost SI 50. 
It is of brass with a wooden plunger 
The nozzle cost 54 cents. It is called the 
Magic, is made of brass, and does good 
work. The keg is fastened to the wheel¬ 
barrow and the pump in the keg ; two or 
four rows can be sprinkled at a time. I 
push the barrow along a proper distance, 
step up on it, and spray as far ahead as 
I can. One has to stop often, but there 
is no carrying heavy liquid on one’s back, 
no injuriDg the tops with wagon wheels, 
and one man can do the work alone. The 
great trouble with spraying, especially 
for bugs, is that it comes just when there 
is the greatest pressure of work. If it is 
good weather, one wants to be haying or 
harvesting ; if it looks like rain, one does 
not want to spend his time spraying to 
have it washed off by rain in a few hours. 
Otherwise I like the work well enough. 
Here lime in small quantities costs a cent 
a pound, but I can get the copper sul¬ 
phate in Chicago in small quantities for 
six cents, the freight, when I get other 
things at the same time, being about 
three-fourths of a cent per pound. 
How I Spray the Bordeaux. 
J. Q. S., Three Tuns, Pa.—I n the 
spring of 1892 I purchased a Field force 
pump and mounted it on an oil cask 
holding 60 gallons, by bolting it to a 14- 
inch plank nailed across the top of the 
cask. I purchased a set of old running 
gears, made to carry about one ton. I 
made a platform by bolting two inch oak 
planks on the hind axle running to a 
bolster in front. The planks were 10 
feet long, leaving room in front for the 
driver’s seat and room also for two men 
to stand behind the cask. The pump is 
run by gearing with a little belt to the 
hind wheel of the wagon. A lever throws 
it in and out of gear. The pump has two 
sets of hose with nozzles. 
In spraying, we drive between the 
rows of trees spraying on each side. 
Where the trees are large we drive cross¬ 
wise in the same manner. In spraying 
potatoes one man can use both nozzles, 
spraying 10 or 12 rows at once. The 
mixture is kept stirred by the pump 
throwing a stream back into the cask. 
The ends of the two feed pipes of the 
pump are covered with fine wire netting 
which strains the liquid, so that not much 
care is required in keeping leaves and 
other matter out while mixing. The 
netting has to be renewed every spring, 
as it rusts out. The pump can be run 
by hand for isolated trees, or, if pos¬ 
sible, it is better to drive around them. 
The sulphate of copper should be dis¬ 
solved by putting it into a muslin salt 
sack, suspended at the top of the vessel 
of water the evening before it is wanted. 
The vessel should hold enough for one 
day’s spraying. Enough lime should 
be slaked for one day’s work, and stirred 
until it makes a thick whitewash, and 
pouied through a fine sieve, just as 
plasterers “run” their whitecoat. Then it 
may be kept for weeks. I use the nozzles 
that come with the pump. I think they 
are called “the Gem.’’ I have tried the 
Vermorel, Nixon, Boss and others, but 
return to the Gem as the best for a gen¬ 
eral pump. The spray in the Gem can 
be graduated. One can throw a quarter 
of an inch stream over a high apple tree, 
or a fine mist in large quantities with 
little trouble from clogging. I have rub¬ 
ber coats for my men and there is really 
nothing about spraying 40 acres of fruit 
trees, and 12 acres of potatoes, that need 
try any one’s Christian patience, although 
I prefer that “John” and “George” 
should do it. My outfit cost about $45. 
Back Talk About Portable Fences. 
A. 0. F., Clark County, Ohio. —A 
fence should be formidable against all 
kinds of stock, as well as light and 
“portable.” I see that S. S. E. describes 
on page 506, a fence which he seems to 
think is better than the one on page 429. 
He says “it is much lighter to handle.” 
Probably it is if one throws the poles 
off and hauls them separately, or makes 
the panels shorter, which would cer¬ 
tainly have to be done when not braced 
like the fence shown on page 429, and it 
looks a little as if those frames without 
any braces would need to be marked 
with a label reading, “Handle with care; 
this side out,” as they must all go up the 
same way, not any way, as in the fence 
shown on page 429. I notice, too, that 
he takes two bucks to each panel, while 
for the other only one is required. I 
think that the inclination at which it 
stands would have a tendency to facili¬ 
tate pushing it over, and the pole would 
certainly catch more wind than a barb 
wire, and by leaning, the timber would 
be warped more than if it stood straight. 
I suppose the hogs could obtain hours of 
fun rooting open the hooks that would 
naturally be more or less in the way in 
transferring the fence. The spaces 
through the bucks are just about large 
enough for a two-year-old to crawl 
through and scratch his back well, and 
our old gray horse would certainly be 
tickled if, after the grass on his side of 
the fence had been eaten short, he should 
see a bright Timothy head on the other 
side and nothing but a “ round ” pole to 
push against; and I am just satisfied 
that our bull would take a notion to rub 
the back of his neck the first thing ; for 
he is always rubbing around where the 
“ busy farmer ” thinks he has no busi¬ 
ness. I expect the space between the 
upper rail and the pole would be a good 
place for him to do so. I guess if we 
wanted to run the fence through the 
middle of a pasture, and graze on one 
side and then on the other, we would 
have to turn the fence every time. 
Would that bottom barbed wire keep 
the hog’s snout from the bottom rail, if 
the animal were on the side towards 
which the fence leans ? How are we 
going to turn a right-angled corner 
with the leaning thing without making 
hog holes ? With the fence on page 429 
one can just take a panel, or panels, (as 
the case may require) without any bucks 
at the end, and in a few moments shut 
a gap in a board or rail fence where it 
has been broken down by stock or other 
causes, and just tie the ends with tar 
strings if there is nothing handier, and 
it will do till it can be fixed properly. 
It can’t be done with the other kind 
without leaving hog holes, or else leav¬ 
ing off poles, which would make it too 
low. 
Fighting: Squash Bags. 
F. S. W., Des Moines, Iowa. —We have 
been badly troubled with squash bugs 
for some years. Here is my plan for 
killing them, and it has proved a suc¬ 
cess : To five pounds of Slug Shot I add 
an equal quantity of air-slaked lime and 
one fourth of a pound of Paris-green ; 
mix well and apply to the wounded 
vines. With a knife I split the vine open 
for an inch or more, filling in with the 
mixture, then cover the wounded parts 
with earth. I also follow the vines, and 
wherever they are inclined to take joint 
roots I draw on earth, which greatly 
strengthens the growth. By this plan I 
have grown fine squashes in spite of the 
grubs. 
In writing to advertisers, please always mention 
The Rukal New-Yokkek. 
Hood’s 
Sarsaparilla 
So promptly and effectu¬ 
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TIKEDFEELINfi, 
as to conclusively prove 
this medicine “makes 
the weak strong.” J. B. 
Emerton, a well known 
v. merchant of Auburn, 
r. J. li. Emerton. Maine, had Dyspepsia 
complicated with I.iver 
ml Kidney troubles. He took HOOD’S 
1HSAPARILLA and it gave relief and 
eat comfort. He says : “ It is a God-send 
any one suffering as I did.” 
mi 
4 §ti 
Wnnrv«? PlLLS cure Habitual Constipation by 
action of the alimentary canal. 
Farmers YOUR Produce 
To F. I. SAGE A SON, 183 Reads St., N. Y., 
Receivers of all kinds of Country Produce, in¬ 
cluding Game, Live and Dressed Poultry and Dressed 
Calves. Specialties —Berries, Grapes, Apples, Pears, 
Honey, Onlpns aud Potatoes. Correspondence and 
Consignments solicited. Stencils furnished. Ref¬ 
erence: Dun’s or Bradstreet’s Commercial Reports, 
to be found at any bank. 
VAPORATSNC FRUIT 
Full treatise on Improved methods, yields, pro- 
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Box 18. WAYNESBORO, PA. 
i Every 
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♦ Farmer 
X Using 
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Growing ♦ 
Wheat, ♦ 
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Labor and ♦ 
Honey. 
See our agents or write us 
| Bradley Fertilizer Go. j 
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4 Western New York Office : 
♦ 843 Granite Building, Rochester, N.Y. 
♦ 
CIDER MILLS, 
With Double Crank, 
Adjustable Rollers 
and Feed Regulator. 
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Limited, 
YORK, F»A. 
COLUMBIA 
OTFFI wind 
U I CC&a 3VE111 
New in principle. Beautiful in Appearance. 
POWERFUL IN OPERATION. 
Contains COVERED 
INTERNAL GEAR. 
UNEQUALED 
IN THE LINE OF 
Pumping Wind Mills. 
We solicit the closest in¬ 
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COLUMBIA 
Steel Derricks, 
Iron Turbine Wind 
Engines, BUCKEYE 
Force A I.ill Pumps, 
Tank A Spray Pumps, 
BUCKEYE & GLOBE 
Lawn Mowers, Iron 
Fencing, Creating:, Ac. 
Write for circulars. 
MAST, FOOS & CO.. SPRINGFIELD, 0. 
1854 .— Established 39 Years.— 1893 . 
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The Old Reliable 
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Also Pumps, Tanks, Corn Shelters, 
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SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 
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113 River St., BATAYIA, ILL. 
PAINTroofs 
DIXON S SILICA GRAPHITE PAINT 
Water will run from it pure and clean. It covers double 
the surface of any other paint, and will last four or five 
timeslonger. Equally usefulforanyironwork. Senator 
circulars. Jos. Dixon Ckuciblk Co., Jersey City, N, J. 
