1893 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
597 
When Cream Is Ripe.—H ow can I tell when 
cream Is properly ripe for churning ? 
FARMER’S WIFE. 
ANS —This is a difficult thing to tell another. It Is 
best learned by repeated trials and tests. A good 
butter maker could be of more help by practical ex¬ 
ample than any one possibly could be by written 
directions. The chances are that If the cream Is 
raised In the old-fashioned open pans, as is yet done 
by many farmers, the cream Is ripe enough, or sour 
enough, for churning, shortly after the last cream Is 
added. It should be stirred every time an addition 
Is made, thoroughly mixing the newly added cream 
with all the rest. If It Is kept at a temperature of, 
say. 65 to 65 degrees F., It ought to be all ready to 
churn In 12 hours after the last cream Is added. A 
vtslt to a practical butter maker would be a good 
thing. 
peach yelt.ows and Bordeaux Mixture.—1. I 
have been reading The Rural for the past month 
and want to ask for Information. I bad apple, pear 
and peach trees planted this spring and have heard 
of the peach blight or yellows and am unable to find 
out what It Is. I bought a book on peach culture; It 
mentioned the yellows, but said It was so well-known 
that It did net need any explanation, but I bought 
the book to find what It was. The author seemed to 
think every one ought to know. 2. How Is Paris-green 
best used for potatoes, and of what strength should 
It be? Is It as good for spraying trees as the Bor¬ 
deaux Mixture’ 3. How strong can It be without In¬ 
juring fruit? The orchard is partly old apple trees. 
4. Which Is the better for manuring it—fertilizers or 
green manuring, such as cow peas or Red clover 
plowed under? If fertilizer, what kind Is best? 
Bergen County, N. J. C. E. 
Ans— 1. The origin of the yellows Is In dispute, 
hence some authors say little about it. Its Indica¬ 
tions are unmistakable. They are, first, a premature 
ripening of the fruit, usually several weeks ahead of 
the usual time, the fruit being insipid, and the flesh 
discolored. These symptoms usually appear the first 
season that the tree has been Inoculated with the 
poison. The following season numerous small shoots 
are frequently thrown up from the larger branches, 
the leaves become yellow, the trees show a sickly 
appearance and soon die. The disease Is very con¬ 
tagious and affected trees should be removed and 
burned. New plantings should not be made on the 
same ground. The disease Is generally more preval¬ 
ent on poor soil. Some States have laws compelling 
the Immediate destruction of affected trees. 2. The 
more common way Is to use It in water, a teaspoonful 
In a pall of water, and sprinkled on with a common 
watering pot, or, In the case of large fields, wttn a 
cart drawn bv a horse. Paris-green Is used for trees 
for killing Insects. The Bordeaux Mixture is used 
as a fungicide. Sometimes Paris-green is added to 
the Bordeaux so that tne insects and fungi are both 
killed by one shot. 3. A pound to a barrel of water, 
50 gallons, Is about right. 4. Probably the best fer¬ 
tilizers you can use, taking all things Into considera¬ 
tion, are muriate of potash and ground bone, sowing 
to clover, and plowing under the clover. 
CROP AND MARKET NOTES. 
Dry beans are dull. 
Squash Is extremely dull. 
Cabbages are good property. 
Limas are plentiful and dull. 
Tomatoes are firmer and higher. 
Best butter is scarce and higher. 
Hop prices are likely to go higher. 
Strictly fresh eggs are advancing. 
Potatoes are firm and a little higher. 
Kansas crop prospects are Improving. 
And now Europe has the rain-making craze. 
Cheese is dull at practically unchanged prices. 
Clapp’s Favorite is a good and showy market pear. 
Good pickling cucumbers run about 1,200 to the 
barrel. 
Michigan reports a full average crop of hay of ex¬ 
cellent quality. 
The abundance of peaches decreases the interest 
In other fruits. 
It is predicted that this year’s pack of evaporated 
apples will be the lightest ever known. 
Hay is being shipped from Wisconsin via the great 
lakes to Buffalo. It Is destined for Europe. 
Recent receipts of sweet potatoes show much bet¬ 
ter quality than those of two or three weeks ago. 
Oregon cherries were shipped to Minneapolis by 
the car-load, and are said to have given good satis¬ 
faction. 
While the Eastern blackberry crop has been a 
short one, California has had a large crop, and prices 
have been low. 
Poultry, both live and dressed, has recovered from 
its depression, and the market is again In good shape 
at better prices. 
The Kansas farmers are reported as refusing to 
loan seed wheat to the unfortunates in the drought- 
stricken western counties. 
The first car of rice for the season arrived at 
Charleston, S. C., early in the week from the Dlsston 
property near Kisslmee, Fla. 
Reports of the second crop of grass in Great 
Britain and on the Continent continue good, and a 
fairly good crop of hay is assured. 
On Thursday there were 134 car-loads of peaches 
on this market, not counting the large quantities 
from nearby points. Of course, the market was 
dull, but there was no glut. 
Late reports from Manitoba are to the effect that 
the crops have been badly damaged by recent rains 
and frost. It Is now said that the yield will not be 
nearly as heavy as predicted. 
Capt. W. H. Miller, Assistant Quartermaster, will 
receive bids at the United States Military Academy, 
West Point, N. Y., for sue i forage and straw as may 
be required. Bids will close at noon of September 21. 
From Galveston, reports on the cotton crop from 
425 points in the 8 ta e make It evident that It will 
To enjoy life use TUTT’S PILLS. 
fall 20 per cent below that of last year. The long 
drought has Injured both the early and late cotton 
Prof. W. W. Cooke of the Vermont Experiment 
Station, has resigned his position, and has accepted 
the chair of Agriculture at the Colorado Agricultural 
College at Fort Collins. Prof. Hills Is to take Prof. 
Cooke's position. 
Mr. Morton has made all arrangements for re¬ 
building his barn and poultry buildings a*. Ellerslle. 
The barn will differ but little from the one destroyed, 
but the plans of the Incubator and brooder houses 
will be changed and Improved. 
The farmers of the east end of Long Island held 
their annual Harvest Home exercises at Southold on 
Saturday, August 19. Sneeches, music, bicycle races, 
etc., served to Interest, Instruct and amuse. It Is a 
good custom worthy of emulation. 
An Important meeting of the hay dealers of 
Nebraska, Iowa and South Dakota was recently held 
in Sioux City. Iowa, to perfect an organization, the 
object of which was to arrange for the exportation 
of hay In large quantities directly to Europe and the 
West Indies. 
A severe storm, the most destructive of any for a 
longtime, has caused immense loss to farmers and 
fruit growers during the week. Not only have large 
quantities of fruit been blown from the trees, but the 
latter have been In many cases destroyed. Peaches 
especially have suffered. It Is Impossible as yet to 
estlmat : the fullamountof thedamage. The accom¬ 
panying rain has benefited pastures and growing 
crops, so there has been some compensation. 
Receipts of hay have been much larger than deal¬ 
ers were led to expect bv reports earlier In the sea¬ 
son. More old hay has been sent to the different 
markets than was In the whole country according to 
previous reports. The high prices have probably 
drawn It all out. The heavy receipts have made a 
dull market and lower prices. Some new hay has 
arrived, and as It Is of good quality, it has sold well. 
It Is yet too early, however, to send much new hay. 
Senator Peffer has Introduced a petition of the 
Anaheim Cooperative Beet Sugar Company of Cali¬ 
fornia, protesting against any change In the sugar 
bounty clause of the McKinley Tariff law. With 
America self-sustaining In the product of sugar, the 
document says, It would give employment to 1 , 000,000 
workmen and render productive and profitable thou¬ 
sands of farms, save the deportation of $150,000,000 In 
gold annually paid the producers of sugar In alien 
lands. 
The low p Ice of wool Is evidently having Its effect 
upon the sale of sheep. At the close of last week the 
Chicago Stockman said, in reference to the market 
In that city: “ The sheep market Is about as near a 
complete wreck as could be Imagined. It does not 
seem possible to check receipts. We have had about 
18.000 more this week than last and 25,000 more than 
for the same week last year. The market has been 
a drag all week, prices have been continually sagging 
and the week will close with a heavy stale stock In 
the pens.” 
The Michigan Crop Bulletin for August says that 
the apple crop of that State will be very light. The 
figures this month are 21 per cent In the southern 
counties, 35 per cent In the central, and 61 per cent 
In the northern, comparison being with an average 
crop. These figures are by regular correspondents, 
and are fully confirmed by letters from a large num¬ 
ber of fruit specialists. One correspondent writes 
from Allegan County: “The present prospect for 
apples is about 10 per cent of an average crop; some 
orchards were almost entirely stripped of foliage by 
what I called the canker worm. They appeared In 
my orchard, but I exterminated them by spraying 
with London-purple emulsion, using one pound of 
purple to 200 gallons of water.” Another Crop Bul¬ 
letin representative from Van Buren County says: 
“ The present outlook for apples Is not so good as It 
was a month ago. Many trees have dropped all the 
fruit, and that remaining Is scabby and small. Hub- 
bardston and Twenty-ounce are the only good apples 
I have. 1 place the per cent at 10 of average years, 
with the knowledge that a few orchards make a bet¬ 
ter showing than mine.” 
MARKETS 
( 
/ 
) 
• > 
> 
BEANS AND PEASE. 
Beans, Marrow, choice, per bush.2 65 @2 70 
—’^Medium, choice, per bush. 1 90 @1 95 
Foreign, Medium. 1 40 @1 65 
Foreign, Pea. 1 65 @1 75 
Pea, choice.185 <3190 
Red Kidney, choice.2 60 @2 70 
White Kidney.1 85 @1 95 
Lima, California (60 lbs). 1 65 @1 70 
Green pease, bbls., per bnsh.1 59 @1 60 
Bags, pe* bush.140 <3145 
Southern, Blackeye, per bag.2 25 @ — 
BROOM CORN. 
Green hurl. 
Green self working. 
Common hurl.. 
Common self working. 
Inside and covers green. 
Inside and cover, common.,. 
CHEESE—NEW. 
State factory, full cream, l’ge, col’d, fancy 
Full cream, large, colored, choice. 
Full cream, large, colored, good. 
•*9 Full cream, large, white, choice. 
Full cream, large, white, fair. 
Full cream, large, common. 
fu'ull cream, small, fine white. 
Full cream, small colored. 
Full cream, good. 
‘ .Skims, choice. 
Skims, fine. 
Skims, good. 
Skims, poor. 
6 @ 
6* 
6 ® 
5 X® 
— 
5 @ 
5X 
6 @ 
5)4® 
— 
9X® 
9*8 
9 @ 
9 X 
m® 
9 
9 @ 
9)4 
8X@ 
m 
8 X@ 
*% 
9X@ 
9X 
9X@ 
9X 
8X® 
9 
7X@ 
7X 
6 @ 
7X 
3X@ 
5X 
X® 
3 
EKTSILAG-E 
AND FODDER-CUTTERS of all sizes, 
the fastest cutting and best ever built, includ¬ 
ing Carriers, both straight and 
angle, of any length required. 
For full informa¬ 
tion about Cut¬ 
ters, Carriers and 
Drag-saw Machines, 
and “ Why Ensilage 
Pays,’’send for 
lage Ca*a 
For the best 
powers. Threshers, 
mills, Circular-saw 
powers, send for Fearless Catalogue. 
Address, M1NARD HARDER, Cobleskill, N. 
BUTTER. 
Creamery, State tubs, extras, per lb.25 ®26)4 
State palls, extra.24)4@25 
Elgin and other Western, extras.25 @V3X 
Western, first. 22 @23>4 
Western, seconds.19 @20 
Western, thirds.18 @19 
State dairy, half-flikln tubs, fresh, extra j .21 @23X 
I’trst.21^322* 
Seconds. 19 @;o 
Welsh tubs, firsts . 22 @— 
Welsh tubs, seconds.19 @20 
Tubs, thirds. 17 @]8 
Western imitation creamery, firsts.18 @19 
Seconds.15X®H>X 
Thirds . 15 @_ 
Western dairy, firsts.17 @18 
8 econds.15X016X 
Thirds.14 >4 @15 
Western faotorv. firkins. June extras.17Xt>18 
Second 4 to first.16 @17 
Tubs, June extras.17 @— 
Firsts.16 @16X 
Seconds.15X@— 
Thirds .1 U4@15 
Factory firkins, current make, first.16 @17 
Tubs, current make, first. 16 @lt>X 
Seconds.15)4@l. r >X 
Thirds. 15 @_ 
BOOH. 
New-laid, fancy (nearby), at mark. 17X® 18 
N. Y. State and Penn. 17 @ — 
Michigan fancy. 16 @ 16X 
Northern Ind., N. Ohio & N Ill. .... 15 <3 16 
Other Western and Northwestern. 15 @ 16 
Southwestern. 14 @ 14)4 
Western seconds, por case.2 25 ©3 00 
FRUIT 8 —GREEN. 
Apples, Up-ll., Gravenstelns, per d.h.bbl.. 2 25® 2 50 
Up-River, fair to choice, per d. h. bbl. 1 ‘0® 2 00 
Strawberry Pippin, h p. o. h bbl. 2 00® 2 25 
Strawb y Plp’n. prime, pr d. h. bbl. 2 003 2 25 
Nyack Pippin, choice, round hoops .... 2 00® 2 25 
Nyack Pippin, choice, flat hoops. . 1 75® 2 (.0 
Orange Pippin, choice, rourd hoops .. 1 75® 2 00 
Orange Pippin, choice, flat hoops. 1 50® 1 75 
O.-heads, h. p. as to size and quality... 1 00 ® 1 75 
Windfalls and Inferior, per bbl. 50® 75 
Grapes, Va. Delaware, per 5 lb basket. 403 50 
Va. Ooncord, per 5-lb basket. 20@ 25 
Va Ooncord. per 10-lb basket. 25@ 35 
Va Niagara, fanev, per 6 -lb basket_ 40@ 50 
Va. Niagara, per lb. 10® 12 
Va. Ives, per 10-Ib basket. 20® 25 
Md black varieties, per lb. 3® 5 
Up-R., Moore's Early, per lb. 8 ® — 
Up-H., Cnamplon, per lb. 3 ® 314 
Md. & Del., Moore’s Early. 30-lb car'r.. 1 25® 1 60 
S’n Jersey, Hartford, per case. 1 50@ 2 00 
8 n Jersey, Dariford, per 10-lb basket. 25@ 30 
Huckleberries, Snawangunk Mt., per quart 8 ® 10 
Penn., per basket. 50® 70 
Jersey, per quart. 5® 8 
Jersey, per box. 30® 80 
Md., per quart. 5® 8 
Musk-melons, Southern, Christina, per bbl 1 00® 1 E0 
Southern, other varieties, per bbl. 50@ 75 
Nutmeg, per bbl. 1 00® 1 25 
Golden Gem. per bbl. E0® 1 25 
Anno Arundle, per bbl. 1 25® 1 E0 
South Jersey, Jenny Lind, per bbl. 75® 1 50 
Peaches. Jersey, per basket. 20® 40 
Md. & Del., extra large yellow fancy... 60® 76 
Md & Del , prime yellow, per basket .. 40® E0 
Md. & Del., ex. red fancy, per basket .. 40® 50 
Md. & Del., red fruit, prime, per basket 30® 40 
Md. & Del., com. & infe or, per basket. 20 ® 30 
Pears. Kelffer, per bbl. 1 50® 2 00 
Le Conte, oer bbl. 1 59® 2 00 
Bartlett, Jersey, per bbl. 1 60® 2 00 
Bartlett, Up-ltlver, per bbl. 2 00® 2 50 
Scooter, per bbl. 1 50® 1 75 
Bell, per bol. 1 50® 1 7> 
Clapp's Favorite, per bbl. 2 00® 2 75 
Plums, W’n N. Y., large blue, pr 12 -lb bskt 35 ® £0 
Damson, Md. & Del., per quart. 4 ® 6 
Md. & Del. Beach, per quart. 4® 5 
Water-melons, prime, per 100..10 00<312 00 
Poor, per 100. . 5 00® 8 00 
FBUIT8—DRIED. 
Apples, evaporated, fancy. 
Choice. 
Prime. 
N. Y. State, sun-dried, Bllced. 
N. Y. State, quartered. 
N. C., sun-dried, fancy. 
JN. C., sun-dried, sliced, oholce... 
N. C„ sliced, prime. 
Chopped... 
Cores and skins. 
Cherries, 1893 . 
Huckleberries. 
Blackberries. 
Apricots. California. 
Peaches, California, unpeeled. 
Prunes, California, per lb. 
P’nms. State, per lb. 
Baspberrles. new evaporated, per lb 
Sun dried, per lb. 
8 @ 8J4 
7*1® 8 
7X® 7X 
4 @ 5 
4 @ 6 
4 @ m 
4 ® 4)4 
2 ® 2 * 
IX® 1)4 
8 @- 
9 @10 
4)4® 5 
5 @ 8 
6 @ 8 
- @- 
8 @10 
15 @15X 
14 @14)4 
GRAIN. 
Wheat. 
Rye. 
Barley. 
Buckwheat. 
Corn. 
Oats. 
GRA 8 S SEED, 
Clover.. 
Timothy.. 
HAY AND STRAW 
Hay, No. 1. 
No. 2. 
No 3. 
Shipping. 
Clover, mixed. 
Clover . 
Salt. 
Straw, long rye. 
No. 2 rye . 
Short rye. 
Oat. 
Wheat. 
HONEY 
White clover, boxes, per lb. 
Buckwheat, boxes, per lb. 
Extracted S .uti.ern. per gallon.. 
California, light amber, round lots, 
per lb. 
.60 @f 8 
.53 @56 
@- 
@- 
.40 @46 
29 @89 
.. 11)4® 
nx 
.2 00 
®2 
25 
.. 85 
@ 
90 
,. 80 
@ 
85 
. 70 
@ 
80 
.. 70 
® 
75 
.. 70 
@ 
75 
.. 70 
@ 
75 
.. 45 
® 
60 
.. 55 
@ 
60 
.. 50 
@ 
55 
.. 40 
® 
45 
.. 40 
® 
45 
.. 40 
@ 
-* 
. 10 
@ 
13 
. 9 
a 
11 
. 60 
® 
70 
! 8 
® 
10 
NUTS. 
Peanuts, Va.,h. p., fancy, perlb.. 
Fair, per lb. 
Shelled, No. 1, per lb. 
No. 2, per lb. 
Spanish, shelled, No. 1. per It 
N o. 2, per lb. 
4)4@ — 
3)4® 4 
2)43 3)4 
1-X® 2 
3X@ 3)4 
IX® 2 
POTATOB 8 . 
Potatoes, L. I., In bulk, per bbl.:2 2532 50 
So Jersey, per bbl.2 25(32 50 
So. Jersey, In bulk, per bbl.2 00 52 25 
N. C., Sweet, red, per bbl .1 F032 25 
Eastern Shore, sweet yellow, per bbl_2 C0@3 00 
POULTRY—LIVE. 
Duoks, local, per pair. 
Western, per pair . 
Southern, per pair. 
Fowls, local, per lb. 
Western, per lb. 
Southern and Southwestern, per lb... 
Geese, local, fattened, per pair. 
Western, per oalr . 1 
Southern and Southwestern,per patr.l 
Pigeons, old, tame, per pair. 
Young birds, per pair.. 
Roosters, mixed, per lb. 
Spring chickens, ocal, per lb. 
Western, per It. 
Southern, per bbl. 
Turkeys, mixed, per lb. 
61 @ 80 
60 @ 70 
50 <3 60 
13 @ 13)4 
13 @ 13)4 
13 @ - 
12 @1 37 
00 @ — 
25 @ — 
20 @ — 
8 ® 8)4 
12)4@ — 
12 X® — 
12 @ — 
10 @ 12 
DRESSED POULTRY. 
Chickens, Phila , spring, 3 lbs or over, 
pr lb. 18 @ — 
Small. 15 @ 17 
Western, spring, dry-picked. 13 @ 16 
Western, spring, scalded, large. ’ 2 ) 4 ® 18 
Western, spring, sea ded m'd w’hts.. 12 @ 12)4 
Western, spring, scalded, small. 11 @ 12 
Fowls, State and Penn., per lb. 12 ® 12X 
Western, prime, dry-picked, per lb .. 12 © 12)4 
Prime, sea ded. 12 @ — 
Old ducks, Western, per lb. 5 @ 7 
Old roosters, per lb . 8 @ 8)4 
Spring ducks, L. I., per lb. 14 @ 15 
Eastern, per lb . 14 ft 15 
Western, per lb. 5 ® 8 
Geese, Eastern, per lb . 15 @ ]<; 
Squabs, tame, white, Der dozen.2 25 @2 50 
Dark and poor, per dozen.1 25 @1 60 
Turkeys, mixed weights, prime, per lb... 11 @ 12)4 
Western, Inferior, per lb. 8 @ 10 
VEGETABLES 
Cabbage, Flat Dutch, per 100. 6 u '@9 00 
Carrots, per barrel.] 26@1 50 
Cauliflower, L. I. and Jersey, per bbl. —@ — 
Celery, Southern, per dozen. —@ _ 
Cucumbers, Jersey, per bbl. —® _ 
Jersey, per crate. 50 ® 75 
Pickles. L. I., per 1/00. 1 500 2 50 
Egg plant. Jersey, per bbl. 75@1 00 
Green Corn, per 00 . 3031 75 
Lima beans, fiat, per bag. 50® 75 
Hackensack, potato, per bag. 75@1 00 
Onions, Egyptian, per 110-lb bag. 2 P0@ — 
Kentucky, per bbl.2 0002 50 
Southern potato, por bbl.2 26@2 50 
L. I. and Jersey, red, per bbl.2 250 8 00 
Western N. Y.. yellow, per bbl.2 6002 75 
Orange County, red, per obi. 1 E032 25 
Connecticut, rod, per bbl.2 25@2 50 
Peas. L. 1., per bag. 2 00@2 25 
Jersey, per basket. —@ _ 
Squash. L. I., white, per bbl. 50® 75 
Jersey, crookneck, phr bbl. 76@1 00 
Marrow, per bbl. 75@1 (0 
String beans, Md., wax, per basket. —® 
L. I., per nag. 1 oo@2 00 
Jersey, per basket . 1 0001 25 
Tomatoes. South Jersey, per box. 20 ® 25 
Mon. County Acme, per bushel box. 753 85 
Mon. County Grant, per box. 40® 50 
Turnips, Jersey and L. 1.. Russia, per bbl... 76@1 00 
In writing to advertisers, please always mention 
The Rural New-Yorker 
N. Y. STATE DRAIN TILE AND PIPE WORKS, 
76 Third Avenue. ALBANY, N. Y. 
ROUND 
and SOLE 
— j age__ 
Salt dazed Pipe, FiW 
Brick and dement. 
A PARDf NTFB 67) » with some experience of 
UUnriniLll farm work, strong and active, 
who Intends eventually to start a fruit and poultry 
farm, would like to hire for a few months on a poul¬ 
try and fruit place, to make lilmsell generally use¬ 
ful; good tools. Address B., rural New-Vorkeu. 
all KINDS OF FRUITS, VEGETABLES 
AND PRODUCE. 
S B 1C II rnn«r 100 Park pi»o«,n.y. 
■ ■■ W Le lla 111(10 I |ProdiM CobbIhIoi IinkaaU* 
Rhfbrinci: Rural New-Yorker, Irving Nat’l Bank 
Established In 1876. Reorganized in 1893. 
SOMERS, BROTHER & GO. 
COMMISSION MERCHANTS IN 
FRUITS, VEGETABLES AND PRODUCE, 
611 Liberty St., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Inquiries and Correspondence solicited. 
UIICC bays she cannot see how 
Wire YOU DO IT FOR THE HONEY. 
! <f IQBuys a $<15. Improved Oxford Singer 
ylZSewlng Machine; perfect working,rel¬ 
iable,finely flnished.adapi ed to light« nd 
heavy work.with a complete set of the 
latest improved attachments free Each 
1 machine guaranteed for 5 years. Buy dir¬ 
ect from our factory,and save dealers and 
Agents profit. Send for Free Catalogue 
• OXFORD MANUFACTURING CO. DEl'T. T 04 CHICAGO, ILL. 
EIGHT PER CENT FAT. 
That is a noble record for any cow, but it is like skim-milk be¬ 
side the percentage of value in our pamphlet entitled 
Milk Making and Marketing. 
This describes in detail the methods of Mr. Francisco, whose 
CERTIFIED MILK SCHEME 
marks a new era in milk production. Besides this the pamphlet 
tells about selling milk, sterilizing milk, and various other phases of 
the milk business You need it. The price is 
13^ ONLY 20 CENTS, 
THE RURAL PUBLISHING CO., Cor. Chambers and Pearl Sts,, New York. 
