1879.] 
A. F. K. Hoernle —Gold Coins from Jalalabad. 
125 
16 is either i or sta; 17 is unknown; 18 and 19 are rasa; 20 and 
21 are malii; 22, 23 and 24 are the same as 17, 18 and 19; 25 
and 26 appear to be hima or lwima ; 27, 28, 29, and 30 are Kadphisasa ; 
31 is unknown; 32 and 33 are dara. There are various helps to de¬ 
termine the probable meaning of the legend. In the first place, it has 
been found that, as a rule, the Pali legend on the reverse is a more or less 
accurate translation of that on the obverse. In the present case the legend 
on the reverse is much too long to be such a translation. But the same 
legend occurs also on the copper coins of Kadphises which have a much 
longer Greek insertion, viz., basileus basileon sotir megas himo-Kad- 
phisis ; and it can scarcely be doubtful, that the Pali legend is the equiva¬ 
lent of the longer Greek series (see "Wilson’s Ariana Antigua, 350). Now 
maharajasa rajadhirajasa, “ of the great king, the king of kings” is evi¬ 
dently intended to represent basileus basileon “ king of kings.” The words 
hima-kadphisasa “ of Hima-Kadphises” occur in both Pali (letters 
25—30) and Greek. The remainder, therefore, of the Pali legend ought 
to be the equivalent of megas and srftir. In the second place, the 
Pali legend is in the genitive case, which ends in sa. The same ter¬ 
mination sa occurs twice again in letters 19 and 24, which shows that the 
letters intermediate between rajadhirajasa and hima (i. c., 12 to 24) con¬ 
sist of two groups, each containing an epithet of king Kadphises. There is 
a third group of letters (31—33) following Kadphises. It can hardly be 
doubted that this also contains an epithet of the king. In that case it 
ought to terminate with sa. I have no doubt that it was intended to .end 
so and that the letter was simply omitted for want of space ; the letters of 
the inscription being already packed so closely as to leave no room for an 
additional one. On coin No. X, letter 16 is similarly omitted. Again 
the unknown character 30 I take to be tra* ; for r is marked by adding a 
stroke to the right foot of the letter (see Cunningham, Corpus Inscript. 
Ind., 49), which, without this stroke, is the usual character for t. The whole 
group, then, must be read tradarasa or tradarasa, “ of the saviour,” the 
regular Pali or Apabhramsa-prakrit equivalent of the Sanskrit tratuli (see 
Hema Chandra 3, 44) and the Greek sotir. This reading is confirmed by 
the fact that the Arian Pali as well as the Ap. Prak. like to retain an r (see 
Cunningham C. I. 1., 43 and H. Ch. 4, 398). The Greek sotir being thus 
accounted for, the remaining Greek word megas ought to be the equivalent 
of the remaining two groups. The simple Pali translation of megas, as it 
* Since writing the above, I have discovered in the Shahbazgarhi rock inscription 
(towards the end of the Illrd edict, see Cunningham C, I. I., PI. I) and on some of the 
coins of Hermaeus (see Wilson A. A., Pis. IY and Y) a character for tra, very closely 
resembling this one. 
