Dr. A. F. Eudolf Hoernle —Hindi Roots. 
2S1 
1879.] 
The measurements of the British Museum head are taken from the 
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for 1875, p. 523. 
The following papers were read:— 
1. A Collection of Hindi Roots, with Ternaries on their derivation and 
classification. — By Du. A. F. Rudole IIoernee. 
(Abstract.) 
This collection contains upwards of 500 roots. They are divided into 
two classes, Primary and Secondary. The former contains roots which are 
identical with Sanskrit ones, though more or less disguised by phonetic 
modifications. These disguises are produced by various cases ; 1, by pho¬ 
netic permutation; e. <]., chal or char “walk” = Skr. chal; Iclia 
“eat” = Skr. Tchad; paros “ distribute” = Skr. parivesli;— 2, by in¬ 
corporation of the “class-suffix” ; e. g., bujli “know” = Skr. ludli + ya ; 
bhanj “break” = Skr. bhanaj (bhaj); sun “hear” = Skr. sru + m; 
jan “know” = Skr. jna + nd .—3, by incorporation of the passive 
suffix ya; e. g., lag “belong” = Skr. lag + ya ; sich “irrigate” — Skr. 
sich-ya; —4, by change of “class”; c. g., pdva “obtain” (Vlth) = Skr. 
prap-nu (Yth) ; learn “do” (Vlth) = Skr. kar-u (VUIth) ; jdna “know” 
(Vlth) = Skr. jna + nd (IXth) ;—5, by change of “voice”; e. g., bhaj 
“break” (act.) = Skr. lhaj-ya “be broken” (pass.); dc “give” — Skr. 
diija (da + ya) “be given” ;—G, by addition of the pleonastic suffix api; 
e. g., suhav “ be pleasant” = Skr. snhli. Secondary roots are those, as to 
which there are no identical roots in Skr., though ultimately they can be 
traced to Skr. roots. Such roots are either 1, derivative ; e. g., nah “ flow,” 
from nahd “ bathe” = Skr. snd ; or 2, denominative ; e. g.,jam “ germinate,” 
from Skr. noun janma “birth,” of Skr. root jan “be born” ; paith “enter,” 
from Skr. participle pravishta “entered,” of Skr. root pravis “enter”; or 
3, compound ; e. g., cimic “ cease,” from Skr. chyut + hr, of Skr. noun 
chyut “ flowing away” and Skr. root hr “make” ; role “hinder, stop,” 
from Skr. rut + hr, of Skr. noun rudli “ hindering” and root hr; hasah 
“ pain,” from Skr. kasha + hr. There remain a small number of roots, 
which it is not possible at present to bring under either of the two classes; 
e. g., dlio “ carry.” 
Dr. Rajendralaia Mitra thought the paper laid on the table was 
worthy of special note. It treated of a subject of great importance in con¬ 
nexion with the philology of the Indian vernaculars, and, knowing how 
ably its learned author had discussed the comparative grammar of the 
Sanskritic dialects in his papers on the so-called Gaudian languages published 
in the Society’s Journal, Dr. Mitra had no doubt that the contribution now 
