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TWO DOLLARS A YEAH.] 
VOL IX. NO. M.I 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT.’ 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.-SATURDAY, APRIL 3, 1858. 
[SINGLE NO. FIVE CENTS. 
! WHOLE NO. 130. 
Agricultural^ .Literary and Family Newspaper* 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
WITH AH ABLE CORPS OP ASSISTANT EDITORS. 
&AX Literary ard Family Jourwal in America 
SPECIAL CONTKIHPTORSi 
Feof. C. DEWEY, Lt. M. F. MAURY, 
T. C. PETERS, H. T. BROOKS, 
T. R ARTHUR, Mrs. M J. HOLMES, 
Jfras K. a HUNTINGTON, Miss C. A. HOWARD. 
JENNY MARSH PARKER. 
to I), D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y. 
For Terms and other particulars, see last page. 
MUUKE b KuKAL KKW" lORKER, butes tlie S reatest injury sustained by farm-yard of drouth, poverty of soil, and the deep shade of the "-- : 
AX original WEEKLY m “ nre from its being exposed to the action of main crop. We have had clover catch first rate 
Agricultural, .Lltcrnry mid Family Newspaper. ral 11 -water, especially in open yards or after its when without plaster, very little w r as to be seen at 
removal to the field in heaps; and to obviate this, harvest 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, bc rc ™nimends that the manure be carted imme- In seeding to clover with spring grains/ the 
WITH AN ABLE corps of assistant editors. diat ® y to th , e fieId ’ an(1 incorporated with the soil. dressing of plaster is more necessary— especially 
•- At 8 ® veral of tIie ] f te meetings of the Massachu- if the season should be a dry one. Both crops make 
The Rpral nkw-Yokeer i» deigned to be nmmrpasaed n s0tt3 Board of Agriculture, the subject of barn- demauds upon the soil at once, and it is no more than 
st" 4 • casonable to expect the 8tronger to * ct «»» 
Hon to the supervision of its v arioHs departments, and earnestly labors i * '-iNT, Set, i „ t.n of the Board, thought that all | its share, unless the weaker is encouraged by some i < 
tr; tender the Rural an eminently Reliable Guide on the important manures should be buried to some extent, lie special fertilizer, like plaster 
v\ e r 8ecdsar : ofminute ^ andneed ^ I 
more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Educational, Literary and V , COrd ° f well ‘P ul ‘ a light covering of earth; in fact, they will not | 
News Matter. Intersi>ersed with RppmpriHtennd beautiful Engravings cnzea and well-rotted manure was worth mor e grow under a heavy one. G. L. Flint Esq in his .1 
r^vr.LT.fr.Lrrcrr'" “ rda h T“ '• * r "•<. «■«.*»•. .rJ 
.Mr. Dodge believed in mixing barn-yard ma- > Q sowing grass seeds at different depths, with its c,: 
special contributors t nares with the subsoil. If farmers took proper care effect on their vegetation. From this it appears J 
prof. C. Dewey, Lr m f maury of manure and rightly applied it, there would he no that timothy and red clover germinate well on the 
r. c. PETERS, H. t. brooks, ’ nse of going after guano. He wanted to see the surface of the ground, and also when covered one- ’ i: 
T. r Arthur, Mrs. M j. holmks, : “ first man’’ who had made any money by purclias- fourth of an inch deep. Only one-half of the seeds 
Miss e a Hgmor^ iju Howard. ing concentrated manures. grew when they were covered from three-fourths & 
Mr. Proctor, of Danvers, spoke of the success of to one and a half inches deep—the red clover 
nr An comnmnicaUonK.and biLsincssieucm,siioiiid be addressed 8evend farmers of his acquaintance, who pay much taking the deepest covering. Covered two inches 
to D, D. T. MOORE, Rochester, n. Y- attention to manures. Mr. Merill, on the “Derby” deep, none of the seed came up, though in all the 
for Terms and other particnlars, see last page. farm > near Salem, used equal quantities of barn- experiments the soil was kept moist, and had full A SYMMETR I( ’ M < , rvr r P \ < < T' 
----- -- -yard manure, night-soil and kelp, in compost._ exposure to light. * J v liV-GIL. 
O’lfV rnv a- From twenty acres manured with this mixture, he When grass seeds are harrowed in, a portion of 
JMrlljl Jl-tTa. received over $200 an acre for the last year’s crops them must be covered too deeply to grow, and this In response to our offer of premiums for the best Accommodation —The ■ 
_ ^ ^ — cabbages, squashes, etc. The great secret is to portion must be increased by the number of times p ans of houses and barns, furnished for publics- floor with . 1 jen is °n Hie same 
- P'it the manure on well pulverized. The farm the harrow passes over, Probably the best method tlon the Rural previous to the first day of April nrefer to ti g ' , Dy famniea would 
BARN-YARD MANURE -ITS APPLICATION. where the Poor of the town of Danvers were kept, of covering grass seeds sown with spring grains, we have received many designs, some of them of plan as * w .,1 r °° m i 6(1 “ parlor ” in the 
-— had been greatly improved, solely by manures made is to sow after the last harrowing, and then pass d , ecided merit - these are not merely fancy would be a vm!!!’ ^ USed ’ th ° Cottage 
\ ery much has been written upon the best man- on it 1 hirty-five years ago it was thought best by over the field with the roller. In this way a slight sketche8 > exist i«g only in the imagination of the Winlf, 0116 * Sma11 fami, Y~ 
ner of applying barn-yard manure and the mode some to sell it Now it was one of the most profit- covering would be obtained, and the surface made archltect > l) ut drawings of buildings that have been s / me f oor bed - roon >, pantry, etc., on the 
has differed with almost every writer and experi- able farms in the county. more retentive of moisture thus securing two con ercctcd and found to meet the wants of the farmer J. W1 ° would P refer to 
Mch L hadTr mt* in ( '"' me r r '' b “ ! ”* Tlle board 01 Return, have abo been «*«» «>*•"«. to the growth of the gL eecde, >'« «™« «hK> to thoee of „«r reader. foXdCn'aXItro'fJJZi ‘ 
had its ardent advocates. Long and “agitating the subject,” and we condense from the should a dry season follow. But without the use who de sign to build new houses and barns, or im- T ,, niportant. 
r ' . . and wel1 decomposed — composted, discussion as follows: of the roller, in such a season, we have found once I)rove old ones< These P lan » will he put into the In . th ® P aD ’ A 18 thfi P orch > from which we enter 
s’nrinV ° D * 8t,rfac °> orplowed under— Hr. Pehley keeps a good supply of muck con- harr owing attended witb^better success than merely hnnds of a competent Committee, whose names the ha , entry, 8 feet wide—with the two best 
m l th’ ner ’ autnmn - and fall « —the condition stantly near his stables, and believes that by com- sowin f? on the surface. we shall probably announce in the next number r00U1B ’ each 1( ’ b Y 18 feet > either side of it. Con- 
F-,cb l!!r D ( repr 4> e8 i en, ' in ? the conflicting views, posting stable manure therewith, there is a great The number of seeds sown on an acre, at the and tbeir awards will be published as soon as made.’ DRC ! Cd W1 1 t , h . <he livin K- roon '. its rear, is a good 
supporters T d V doct i l ' in ® has !,ad Ifa staunch saving of the manorial elements. Regards two lowest allowance usually made, is at least three ! v/e n °w give one of Downing’s cottage designs, ] >an r ^‘ 5 ,s tbe . back ' cil, i7 communicating with 
A SYMMETRICAL COTTAGE. 
BARN-YARD MANURE-ITS APPLICATION. 
Accommodation.— The kitchen is on the same 
-or with the living-room. Many families would 
of recent qnee.iiit;,^ t- 01 '•“e nouse is composted with woum grow were tlie soil proper- ~ J . 6 «i U wimouisacrincing truth- 
by different ind' '1 l P rimen s con noted tlie muck. Has always spread on the manure fresh ^ prepared, the seed properly sown, and room and I™"* 88 ° r that kind of tasteful simplicity which is 
known to the A ° wbom n , are wel1 and P lo wed under deeply, hut thinks that a shallow 8 P ace K ra »ted for it after it appears above ground. the tnie touchst °ne of cottage beauty. This cottage 
other a sink, into which, if possible, a water-pin* 
should be brought. 
The first story of this cottage is supposed to be 
istofnote—his views upon the treatment of farm- freely about tlie stables and hog pens. Tn the L may be‘that on some soils plaster may not be ijj | | arrangements both simple and ' convenient we 
jard manure being in direct opposition to the spring, draws out, spreads on the surface and 30 beneficial to the clover plant—but with us it is Kttcl 0 i think jt wDl be difficult to build a more agreeable 
processes of the best practical farmers of England, plows under as deep as possible. For hoed crops, a necessity in many cases. We have never failed ., y ,„ U j cottage, for the sum proposed, than the nre«eut 
me agricultural press has taken up the matter of corn, Ac., has a fine compost which he puts in in “ceding down” when plaster was used, and | 8 j desi « n ‘ Though picturesque in its exterior it is 
controversy with great spirit, and the pros and the hill. very seldom succeeded when it was not ’ L—™ | not so much so as to demand a highly rural or 
dal { considered; while the “ Farm- Mr. Forbes thinks that the object in view should -- Gantry L" "T Hi ! P icture3 que site, but would look equally well either 
0rfn „ f ’ aire a!lI dl3CUS8 in g the question in earn- govern in the application of the manure. If the BARLEY FOR FATTENING SHEEP. a I B J c ! in the suburbs of a town, or in the midst of the 
K 1 «c mode pursued by the farmers in the main object is to increase the permanent fertility -- . . country. 
Dutiern and Eastern portions of the kingdom of the soil, the manure should be plowed in green Tii e foHowing letter in answer to an inquiry in I „ 8 Construction.—T he exterior of this » ^ ■ 
:r„:r' at ‘“ ckedi?theprofe “”-> w “*» on ^ bm , d , s th . i. "*?*,•;,“? *» *«#* *** | j i ma»i 
10 the .no?' 1 ! , the wlnter anti spring, mainly to receive the largest possible immediate t “ . a !‘“ f "" rod "f ,on *» th »»e "’ho glance at I ZmR f ( S planlt about ten inches wide. Tlie window tv-??. 
r „ . 'J 0t ' vher c it would be shortly afterwards crops, all the manures of the farm should be com- J he wnt er s name, John Johnston, whose teach- H «■ I 7 ! are from three to three and .. Loir r . f a “® s 
equired. lo fully ensure its decomposition, the Posted and kept till they are thoroughly decern- ln K s and example have done so much for the agri- I 16X18 fy —L p }6x!8 B measure— with a centre t -uiito f ?? In ? )de 
b«.p«,.n most instiaecs, were turned over to in- posed, and then applied near the snlrTd <* »ur State. He kindly permits Mr. lift. I » > sashe”'Th’™„foftho »., ?°f ? "'1 
ce ermentation, as it has invariably been found thoroughly mixed with the soil, bv a shallow pi™. publlsh ]t ln th e Rural, for the benefit of others I - .. I roofed with iin t0 f V j‘. j U } a ’ 
the hl^; iV DSUrC s neat CUltiVati011 ’ 80 t0 ieda - ing aad the UEe of the ox cu,tiva y tor and harrow. interC8ted tbe ^ discussed. a ^ny to the 
such a Mlnvan3 0 .,ft P ?? 0 H S ° f f he “ anure to \ Vhen fair cr0 P a ar « desired and at the same time J ‘ IL ^nv-Ihar Sir .—Unless yearling sheep The house is filled in with brick on edire set flush 
enabled to readHv n E , 1 ^ 1Hight be ^ pemanent fertiIit y of tbe soil increased in the are , ln ver Y good condition now, it is notlikelyyou ~ with the outside of the frame and the inside 
stale of Lwtb appr °P riate ^ their early largest degree, the best method is to plow in a could P rofitaW Y « them for mutton by shearing A plastered on tbe face of the bnck 
‘ iL J ^ A , r many year8 ’ successful ex- liberal dressing of green manure, and then apply tlme> Ittak es a long time to improve either cattle Estimate —The nr /* 
told thTt 1 bv “snT by th6y WCre at l6ngth finC COn,p ° st t0 thc 8Urfacc - lQ this way, both or shee P- by feeding grain, after they have been ground plan. terior neatly finished and minted to 
jy o doing the better portions of the ends will be secured in the best degree lostng condition for some time,—one should com- The light open porch of orit a i |u f . . , 1.‘ 1 0i color, And 
mentaUim 0 procesa, 9 anil^ha'ft woMbst ‘u T .“° , “ l!3 colncldcd lo the "Pi” 1 "” f«or of t ”', n °','„ n t “ s00n the P“*” re » <» omi!ted mj-ring the design, bnt “gives «“ k . «H 
convey “ d 1m T * Z 11 >« <~ of .be best Sing ch“ f ‘ ,r “»• *F ,hC , f ™“‘ “ * if » f - ■«* feeling and tenement, all the other walls being bro™ w»IU “ite-wTheT 
yard to the aeldln ite ntw Md nnL?? mc 1 lh » ds f*"-Pfesorving it without losa Under tbe be ? 0 „!?,? , fr ° m lh “ " ntil 7 ° *»” «* “»"« ■«%. that we should -would bo $835. 'ime washed, 
r but taut in either esse it *5^ j —fd^T “ ^ ^ “* »"* *» «»• *- - wii, he on. 
cessary to have it incorporated with the K mi im. g . lJe Process of decompo- bv the 1 st or to to nf T„iw t /i- __ g of our premium designs. 
taps, in most instances, were tunic 3 over t(> in . posed, and then applied near the surface, and culture of our State - He kindly permits Mr. B., to 
uce fermentation, as it has invariably been found thoroughly mixed with the soil, by a shallow’plow- publish U in the Rcra L for the benefit of others 
necessary, to ensure neat cultivation, so to reduce ing and the use of the ox-cultivator and harrow. interested in tbe 8 «hject discussed. 
sulTJT a W i° dy r porfious of the manure to w hen fair crops are desired and at the same time J ’ H - Bixby -/W Sir :—Unless yearling sheep 
Pi>ahi»A t n , , SOft State that plant8 might be the permanent fertility of the soil increased in the are ln ver Y « ood condition now, it is notlikelyyou 
s ; readlI y a P propriate them in their early largest degree, the best method is to plow in a could Profitably fat them for mutton by shearing 
eerie,, ‘ , r iears ’ suce essful ex- liberal dressing of green manure, and then apply time> Ittak es a long time to improve either cattle 
told 8 way . by famers > the 7 were at length fine compost to thc surface. In this way, both or shee P- by feeding grain, after they have been 
ma ( u y 80 doin g the better portions of the j ends will be secured in tbe best degree. losing condition for some time,—one should com- 
GKOUND PLAN. 
cessary to have it incorporated with the soil ir 
-aiuieiy upon its Jny Z EZZEZ "*« 
of.ite ammonia, or other constituent manuring duclive'state for tweet?'^.“"“ k" 1 fv- 7 P '°' fed e rai “ ‘wo months in spring: ‘ cattle or and indeed unreasonable, to expect that any animal 
cover it with the furrow as soon as possible after economioS'tlan theT” »?““? “ d m “ e «f hoards before feeding as I have known *‘ llc, . ,he ,,m, f ot old “ hc ci>J»" mention, would reason on thc subject, they could see for 
^“rr^Hesiate. SOWIKG GRASS* SEED.- PLASTEH. ' 
that in dung-heaps under a state of fermentation, I A great deal of g.oc. ; _ , j m Western New York. „ nlot . + ‘e same time. It appears sin- RACKS AND MANGERS 
IS e time 0 sle 5th0 7 U,y ; is Rising in how — 
meadows in a highly pro- fed grain f J t H “ on ^® ^ ri ° n “ g °° d PaStU: e ’ lf Nevei ' fear feedin D G rain < d ! meal to cattle or 
ty years by this process. Barley, or other irrain rermir J' nn f^f eP ~T th ® m ? ney . COmes back at 80me time > with 
The next plan we give in the Rural will be one 
of our premium designs. 
and indeed unreasonable, to expect that any animal 
can pay for keeping, when for six months of every 
vnarnf ilu Hfo It L --. ... J 
securing the utmost amount of benefit. I 
This, says Prof. V., is quite useless. He states SOWING GRASS SEED,-PLASTER. 
that in dung-heaps under a state of fermentation, a grfat deal of , • 
however executive, that free ammonia fa not gen.: year wh ch f™m va? „l T? l ° 
rated extent in tLn . ,, y ’ waicn > 1I0m varying causes, proves a failure 
„ 0 ~— r—-‘68, win, A am certain, lie worth said before. in,,* i nnvt ,^ 
■ feeding each more for feeding purposes next fall, than they Near Genova, N. Y„ March, 3 858. J ° 1INST0X - 
rated except in the centre of the heap, where the -no’ adequate 
:d is sown from year to Three years old si,/on , ,. , ,, gular to me tbat many farmers are so remiss, and I 
causes, proves a failure pav well f f .. P { be ^ wou d P r °bably may say, stupid in their treatment of stock—they 
RS lfl f/rnwn tllDPnfrAm pay well for feeding grain, from now until good are not half fed in n,»i, y 
RACKS AND MANGERS, 
Eds. Rural:—J. II. B. addresses II. T. B., tpecial- 
ternal layers of the dung-heap, where but little heat Ftost^Zng Sf" 1 „ thCy have *"P«>ved on the oil cake then barley frequently fsk° To" ZTnott^ V ^ r IiUBAUST8 ^ cral,y ' 8orae of whom may be 
not arise f.tillm gXt Uis grato"-wheTor" ^ ° Q Wlnter PO^, thin Inking TZl fed. Wie^ Tl ' T ' ^ ^ ***** year8 ^ I built my first cat- 
lather to be attributed to peculiar volatile organic when s ' * red clo\er succeeds well should always have other grain mixed with it for "'"n ^ ‘'(^7 " ,ri U " ul Iseli thein > beit one tie boxes for feeding hay in the barn-yard, and like 
combinaUoDB—to some [ulphttbretieTleoSs! wStevXe "ujoiwjbff, [T? B -JIZ. ZlTw, Z sc? hTm b v X? “*** E ’ “ *»£ '”*» «■« 
phorretted hydrogen, and a variety of other gaseous (at least one bushel per acrefas sonn^fth ° atlle ’ glVUlg two ( l uarts of the mixture, and one grato and oil meal Bv so dn'^M, 71 m ° thers occa31 o» a Dy-'’ A few hours after they were corn- 
matters, amongst which ammonia as a gas is only is fairly up The frfre/in ,, tbe clove r quart of oil meal, that, with early cut hay, puts on abundance of milk \ / i/f^’ ^ ewes glve P leted aud supplied with hay I visited the barn 
found in very minute quantities. ^ y P .' e frceziD S and thawing of the soil beef to suit me. If hay is not eood and park cut tt +v “ k ’ a d raake fat lambs > 80 that at yard to see how the new boxes answered the pur- 
__ u iea oil meat. wethers in October or November. It is impossible, complacency, and regarding me with an expression 
matters, amongst which ammonia as a gas is onb 
-ound in very minute quantities. 
Upon the other hand, the learned professor attri 
