JULY 17. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER: AN AGRICULTURAL ANT) FAMILY NEWSPAPER 
233 
Writte* for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
LETTERS FROM THE BAVARIAN CAPITAL. 
NUMBER TWO. 
Munich,—Churches and Palaces. 
Among the churches of Munich the Ludwigs 
Kirche, is, on account of its interior decorations, 
the most celebrated. The style is Byzantine. The 
length of the nave is two hundred and thirty-seven 
feet, and the front consists of a lime-stone facade 
one hundred and four feet high. The statues of 
Christ and the four Evangelists, by Schwan- 
thalkr, stand in niches over the porch. On each 
end of the facade, stands a tower two hundred and 
eight feet high. The roof is brilliant mosaic and 
looks like a carpet of the brighest colors spread 
over the church. But the greatest attraction are 
the famous frescoes of Cornelius on the walls and 
vaulting of the choir and transepts. They were 
painted partly by himself, and partly by his pupils, 
under his supervision. The conception and execu¬ 
tion of these elaborate compositions, occupied 
ten years of his life. The largest and most cele¬ 
brated of these pictures is The Last Judgment, on 
the wall behind the High Altar. In the upper por¬ 
tion of the picture, sits Christ, the Judge, with 
outstretched arms, surrounded by saints and angels. 
On one side of him kneels the Virgin, and on the 
other St. John. Beneath him is a group of aDgels; 
the largest one, in the center, holds the open book 
of life and death, and the others, on his side, sound 
their trumpets. These groups rest on a cloud far 
. above the earth. Lower down are the damned, and 
Satan, half-robed, sitting at the gate of Hell, sur¬ 
rounded by his angels. On the right are the bless 
ed, and angels are bearing some of them to heaven. 
The painter has placed the portraits of Dante and 
the artist Fra Bkato in this portion of the pic¬ 
ture. Between these groups stands the arch angel 
Michael, bearing an upraised shield in his left 
hand, and a drawn sword in his right Below him, 
at the bottom of the picture, are the dead coming 
forth from their graves. It has been said that the 
figure of Christ is not large and prominent 
enough, although it is about twelve feet high.— 
Satan is monstrous, and beneath his feet, grovels 
a hideous creature, whose features are said to re¬ 
semble those of GtBTnE. The other parts of the 
church are most profusely adorned with gilding 
and painting. The vault of the nave is a blue field 
spangled with gold stars. On each side are three 
chapels painted and gilt in the richest manner. 
The church of St. Bonifacius was finished in 
1850, and surpasses all others in Munich in rich¬ 
ness of material and simplicity of arrangement It 
is built of brick except the portico, which consists 
of eight round arches, resting on columns. The 
plainness of the outside does not prepare us for 
the splendor of the interior. The floor is marble 
of various colors, and inlaid with some fine pieces 
of mosaic. The roof is supported by sixty-four 
solid columns of grey Tyrolese marble, each twenty 
feet long and bearing a beautifully carved capital 
of white marble. The open space in the middle of 
the church is seventy-six feet high, fifty wide, and 
two hundred qjid eighty-five long. The roof is 
wood, painted blue and Bpangled with gold stars, 
nearly after the manner of the Ludwigs Kirche.— 
The beams of the roof are carved and entirely gilt. 
Th§i;e are thirty-four fresco paintings in the church, 
which represent events in the lives of the martyrs 
who were the chief instruments in establishing 
Christianity in Germany, and twelve large compo¬ 
sitions from the history of St. Bonifacius. On 
each side of the nave are two rows of pillars, six¬ 
teen in a row, making four aisles of the same 
length as the large space in the middle. 
There are but few seats in this church, and the 
congregation is obliged to stand when listening to 
a sermon. The pulpit, which is not far from the 
center, can be pushed back into one of the aisles 
when not in use, thus leaving the view along the 
body of the church uninterrupted. I have re¬ 
marked that these churches, although they have a 
fine architectural appearance, are badly arranged 
for public speaking. They are too irregular—the 
waves of Bound are broken and weakened by pillars, 
and chapels, and aisles—and at a little distance the 
voice of the preacher, thongh he exert himself to 
the utmost, sounds hollow and sepulchral, like a 
voice among empty tombs, and the echos repeat 
and lengthen the sounds, until the words are 
scarcely distinguishable. 
The Maria Hilf church stands in the Vorstadt, 
and is unsurpassed by any other in the city, in 
architectural effect The interior is impressive.— 
Lofty Gothic columns support the roof, and the 
space is filled with a subdued and colored light, let 
in through nineteen windows. Each window is 
fifty-two feet high, and made of richly stained 
glass, which contains pictures representing parts 
of the life of the Virgin. 
One afternoon I went to see the Ruhmeshalle, or 
Hall of Fame, which stands on an open field in the 
suburbs. It was built by Klknze, and consists of 
a portico in the Doric style, occupying three sides 
of a square. In the halls, behind the columns, the 
busts of distinguished Bavarians are placed. I 
noticed there those of Albert Durer; Hans 
Sachs, the cobbler bard; Jean Paul Richter, 
and Schwanthaler. In the middle of the open 
side of the square, stands the bronze statue of Ba¬ 
varia, in the figure of a woman. It is the most 
collossal bronze casting in the world, being over 
sixty feet high. I went into the head, by a spiral 
iron staircase on the inside, and found there a 
room capable of holding eight persons. The 
statue represents the Protectress of Bavaria. On 
the pedestal sits a bronze lion of proportions in 
keeping with the statue. The right hand of the 
figure grasps a sword and the left holds a wreath 
above the head with which to crown merit This 
gigantic work was modeled by Schwanthaler, and 
though of such enormous size, when seen from be¬ 
low it looks graceful, and is devoid of that coarse¬ 
ness which colossal works are apt to have. 
The New Residence, or palace of the king, is a 
copy of the Pitti palace in Florence, but of small¬ 
er dimensions than the original. When the king 
is absent, strangers are permitted to visit his palace, 
and one day I wended my way thither, congratu¬ 
lating myself that the master was away, for in this 
case I thought it worth more to look at the habita¬ 
tion of royalty, on its splendor and art, than on 
“his majesty's” person. A party of about twenty 
visitors were collected in the waiting-room, and 
presently a servant in livery made his appearance, 
and threw open the doors to the first suite of apart¬ 
ments. We thrust our f eet into large cloth slip¬ 
pers, and followed our guide through room after 
room, which were adorned with the richest deco¬ 
rations of painting and gilding. In some are fres¬ 
cos from the Nibelungenlied, the grand old epic of 
the Germans. The floors of all the rooms are of 
various woods, inlaid in patterns. The famous 
Gallery of Beauty contains a collection of portraits 
of beautiful women. The frame in which was 
onoe the picture of Lola Montez is at present 
empty, and the guides always relate that the por¬ 
trait is at the engravers. But it is said that the 
story has been told for a long time, and it is sup¬ 
posed that the engraver is very dilatory in per¬ 
forming his work, for the portrait makes its ap¬ 
pearance no more. 
There are many beautiful faces in the Gallery, 
but some bad forms. One of the prettiest is the 
portrait of a tailor’s daughter, who lived in the 
suburbs of the city. In the Throne-room, which 
is one hundred and six feet long and seventy-three 
wide, there is a simplicity, united with a richness of 
ornament, displayed that produces a most striking 
effect when it is catered after passing through the 
other apartments. The predominant colors are 
those of white marble and gold. Between the pil¬ 
lars, of which there is a row on each side of the 
room having gilded capitals, stand twelve bronze 
statues each ten feet high and covered with solid 
gold. The floor is marble of different colors and 
patterns, there being however no white intermixed. 
In the roof a slight mixture of blue is introduced 
which produces a pleasing effect. This room is 
used only on important occasions. The throne is 
in one end, and consists merely of two raised chairs 
on a raised platform, with a canopy of purple 
velvet on which the arms of Bavaria are displayed, 
rising behind and over them. g. f. w. 
Written lor Mooio’s Kind New-Yorker. 
IT AL Y. 
In looking over the pages of history we are 
astonished at beholding what a magic change a 
few centuries have wrought upon the moral and 
political aspect of nations, and that many, which 
formerly stood first upon the list of fame—held 
the proudest station in the arts and sciences, and 
were most renowned by their exploits—have de¬ 
generated from their former commanding position 
and are now groveling in the most abject state of 
ignorance, barbarism and slavery, while others, in 
the never-ceasing course of national rise and na¬ 
tional ruin, have arisen to fill their places and to 
rule for their allotted season a3 sovereigns of the 
ascendant 
Among those nations most prominent upon the 
pages of history, Italy deservedly takes the fore¬ 
most rank. Italy, formerly the mistress of the 
world, the nursery of arts and arms, and the home 
of science and song—she whose dominions were 
nearly co-extensive with the earth, and whose con¬ 
quests extended from the rising to the setting of 
the sun, and whose very name was a passport for 
safety, has fallen. Her dauntless legions have trav¬ 
ersed every region and eountry, gathering laurels 
alike amidst the snows of the north the wilds of 
Scythia and the burning, trackless deserts of Af¬ 
rica—her triumphant eagles have floated in every 
breeze and under every heaven—her trumpets have 
martialed her warriors upon every hill and in every 
vale. When foreign enemies invaded her territo¬ 
ries, her sons were united and her daughters sold 
their jewels for defending the liberties of their 
country. A nation of patriots and heroes she rose 
from a band of robbers to the proud pre-eminence 
of “Mistress of the Seas and Empress of the 
World”—her capital wa3 the consecrated seat of 
wisdom and learning—her academic schools were 
thronged with philosophers and sages —every 
breeze wafted the precepts of wisdom, the harmo¬ 
ny of numbers, and the sweet melody of song—the 
chisel of the sculptor moulded the marble into 
life and motion. 
Such was ancient Italy; but what! where is she 
now? A wretched imbecile kingdom, with many 
of her provinces under foreign subjection. She 
can now no longer boast of her orators, who so oft 
in former times filled the senate chamber with ap¬ 
plause and held their audiences in breathless silence 
by their stirring and thrilling eloquence, an Ovid, a 
Virgil and a Horace do not now live to give to 
the world their songs; her statesman and her phi¬ 
losophers who have enriched the philosophical 
world by their discoveries, all, all have passed 
away, but their names remain placed high upon 
the scroll of fame. 
No Scipio now lives to direct her victorious 
armies to battle. The streets of her capital so often 
drenched in the blood of her citizens by civil dis¬ 
sensions, or made the scenes of festivity and mirth 
on account of her conquests and military triumphs 
have passed away; but the recollections connected 
with her former days of glory throw a magic charm 
around her, splendid in her ruins, which the sweep¬ 
ing hand of time will never be able to efface. 
No regal pomp or lordly splendor now greets the 
eye of the traveler, but all seems blank, a dream of 
former years. We may now think of Italy with 
wonder and with awe, as the land of story and of 
song—it is hallowed in our associations by a 
strange mystery. It is the dwelling place of a no¬ 
ble by-gone race, a land where flowers now bloom 
on the dust of kings. Walter R. Bishop. 
Attica, N. Y., 1858. 
A Family Supported by Eagles.— Luckomb, in 
his “Tour Through Ireland in 1779,” says:—“In 
most of these mountains (the Mac Gillycuddy’s 
Reeks of Kerry) are numbers of eagles and other 
rapacious birds. I have been assured, that some 
years ago a certain poor man in that part of the 
country, discovered one of their nests, and that by 
clipping the wings of the young eaglets, and fixing 
collars of leather about their threats, which pre¬ 
vented them from swallowing, he daily found a 
store of good provisions in the nest, such as various 
kinds of excellent fish, wild fowl, rabbits, and 
hares, which the old ones constantly brought to 
their young. And thus the man and his children 
were well supported during the hard summer, by 
only giving the garbage to the eagles to keep them 
’alive.” 
Useful #lif. 
“IT IS IMPOSSIBLE.” 
“It is impossible!” said some, when Peter the 
Great determined on a voyage of discovery; and 
the cold and uninhabited region over which he 
reigned furnished nothing but some larch-trees to 
construct his vessel. But, thongh the iron, the cord¬ 
age, the sails, and all that was necessary, except 
the provisions for victualing them, were to be car¬ 
ried through the immense desert of Siberia, down 
rivers of difficult navigation, and along roads al¬ 
most impassable, the thing was done; for the com¬ 
mand of the sovereign, and perseverance of the 
people, surmounted every obstacle. 
“ It is Impossible /” said some, as soon as they 
heard the scheme of Oberlin’s. To rescue his pa¬ 
rishioners from a half starved state, he determined 
to open a communication with the high road to 
Strasburg, so that the productions of the Ben de 
la Roche might find a market. Having assembled 
the people, he proposed that they should blast the 
rocks, and convey a sufficient quantity of enormous 
masses to construct a wall from a road about a mile 
and a half in length, along the bank of the river 
Bruche, and build a bridge across it. 
The peasants were astonished at this proposition, 
and pronounced it impracticable; and everyone 
excused himself on the ground of private business. 
He, however, reasoned with them and added the 
offer of his own example. No sooner had he pro¬ 
nounced these words, than with a pick-axe on his 
shoulder he proceeded to the spot, while the as¬ 
tonished peasants, animated by his example, forgot 
their excuses, and hastened with one consent to 
fetch their tools to follow him. At length every 
obstacle was surmounted; walls were erected to 
support the earth, which appeared ready to give 
way; mountain torrents, which had hitherto inun¬ 
dated the meadows, were divided into courses, or 
received into beds sufficient to contain them, and 
the thing was done. The bridge still bears the name 
of the “Bridge of Charity.” 
“ It is impossible l" said some, as they looked at 
the impenetrable forest which covered the rugged 
flanks and deep gorges of Mount I’ilatus in Swit¬ 
zerland, and hearkened to the darling plan of a man 
named Rapp, to convey the pines from the top of 
the mountain to the lake of Lucerne, a distance of 
nearly nine miles. Without being discouraged by 
their exclamations, he formed a slide, or trough of 
twenty-four thousand pine trees, six feet broad, and 
from three to six feet deep, and the slide, which 
was completed in 1812, and called the Slide of Alp- 
nach, was kept moist. Its length was forty-four 
thousand English feet. It had to be conducted 
over rocks, or along their sides, or under ground 
or over deep places, where it was sustained by 
scaffoldings; and yet skill and perseverance over¬ 
came every obstacle, and this teas done. The trees 
slid down from the mountain into the lake with 
wonderful rapidity. The large pines, which were 
about a hundred feet long, ran through the space 
of eight miles and a third in about six minutes.— 
A gentleman who saw this great work, says that 
“ such was the speed with which a tree of the lar¬ 
gest size passed any given point, that he could only 
hit it once with a stick, as it rushed ly, however 
quickly he attempted to repeat the blow.” 
Say not hastily, then, “ It is impossible.” It may 
be so to do a thing in an hour, or a day, or a week, 
by thoughtlessness and indolence; but to act with 
wisdom, energy and perseverance, is to insure suc¬ 
cess. “ Time and patience,” says a Spanish author, 
“make the mulberry leaf satin!” and another re¬ 
marks, that “ care and industry do everything.” 
THE ART OF CONVERSATION. 
There is one defect in American education, or 
rather in American character, and that is, our 
young people do not learn to converse well. They 
think—they act—when roused they are eloquent— 
but they seldom converse well. The boy is taught 
to declaim—to store his mind with those ideas that 
will instruct and even move the multitude — but 
very rarely to converse with ease and elegance. 
The girl is disciplined to sing, and play, and dance, 
and sit gracefully. She is even prepared for those 
womanly duties she must perform in after life— 
duties of the nursery and the household. Her 
moral powers are cultivated likewise in this coun¬ 
try, so that she becomes a useful, benevolent, 
amiable being. But she is not taught to converse. 
“She can talk enough,” says the crusty old 
bachelor, “pray do not teach her, to any greater 
degree, the use of her tongue.” Talking is not con¬ 
versing. There is no deficiency in the former with 
our girls. To talk, and to talk welfare very differ¬ 
ent. The latter requires ease, tact, self-confidence 
good sense, a well conducted education, a desire to 
please, and an amiable temper. 
In neither sex should conversation be high flown, 
declamatory, or above the condition of the hearers. 
The voice should be modulated to the subject, and 
never raised to an oratorical pitch. The style 
should be easy, natural, playful if the occasion 
require it, with no strained and far-fetched attempts 
at wit or glitter. 
There are occasions when the very essence of 
entertaining and successful conversation consists 
in being a good listener, and in drawing out others 
upon these topics about which you know they can 
furnish information. We have said before that the 
great secret of pleasing consists in making others 
pleased with themselves. It is so in conversation. 
To be a good listener, is one of the secrets of a con¬ 
versational power. It is said that Daniel Webster 
remarked that he never was in any sensible man’s 
company a quarter of an hour, but what he learnt 
something. He had the tact of drawing them out 
on subjects with which they were familiar, and in 
this way, gained information himself, and made 
others pleased with him. 
When girls think too much of their beauty, they 
are very apt to forget that the powers of conversa¬ 
tion are needed to please. Beauty may strike a 
severe blow on the heart, but it requires conversa¬ 
tional powers to follow up the blow and render it 
effective. A plain woman who converses well will 
soon cause the want of beauty to be forgotten by 
her powers of entertainment Madam De Stael 
Holstein was an exceedingly plain woman, but 
such were her conversational talents, that Byron 
declared she could talk down her face in a quarter 
of an hour, and be felt to be positively beautifuL 
But the question occurs, how can this power be 
acquired? It needs some native confidence and 
much good judgment to lay the foundation for it 
Instructors can create it, by always requiring their 
pupils to give the ideas of their lessons in their own 
language, and not in the words of the text book. 
Parents, too, can early begin to encourage their 
children to converse on sensible topics, by calling 
out their opinions. All should learn to converse.— 
Hartford Courant. 
THE WONDER OF THE AGE. 
The most wonderful phenomenon of the age, is 
the age itself. It is not only the new and latest 
generation, but new and at times almost incompre¬ 
hensible to its generation. So shifting, so varied, 
so progressive and startlingly quick with vital 
thoughts and actions, that its thinkers and actors 
continually confound one another. There was a 
time, even within the memory of those who have 
not grown gray, when a new idea, invention, or en¬ 
terprise lived its day, enjoyed a reputation, and was 
not heedlessly jogged to oblivion. That time is es¬ 
sentially gone by r . The day of plodding, and rest¬ 
ing upon what one had accomplished is over.— 
There is no repose upon laurels now; the world has 
abused all fixed notions and rules; has changed its 
pace from a walk to a gallop, and he who would be 
leader, whether in arts, inventions, or arms, must 
ride faster than his fellows, or be trampled down, 
lost sight of and forgotten. 
Lightning and steam have not only superceded 
horse-power and wind, but with as astonishing a 
revolution have whipped up and quickened the hu¬ 
man brain until the ideas of the age are equally more 
rapid than those of half a generation ago, as are 
the means of transmitting them from brain to brain 
the world over. Tn the day of wooden plows (not 
long since) the great danger was thought to be in 
going too fast and knowing too much—now the 
difficulty is to go fast enough and to know enough. 
The fear, so groundless with our good old fathers, 
that new ideas, new inventions and enterprises 
were dangerous to the welfare, virtue and peace of 
society, is completely extinguished. Men have 
found the essential secret of prosperity and great¬ 
ness—that all progress is the work of experiment; 
and the result of a few experiments, in spite of the 
old stand-still philosophy has spurred them to ex¬ 
perimenting more and everywhere, in all fields and 
professions. They have thus curbed and saddled 
steam, tamed lightning, cast by wooden plows, and 
in a thousand ways advanced and exalted them¬ 
selves, physically and mentally, as individuals and 
nations. 
The religions, the politics, the society and com¬ 
merce of the world, are all transformed by this 
splendid conceit, this lightning-like go-a-head-ative- 
nes3 of the age. Amelioration is written by it all 
over the surface of the globe. It rides upon revo¬ 
lutions that overthrow all old abominations — 
thrones, castes, creeds and prejudices — scattering 
the light of higher prosperity upon all temporal 
conditions, and higher intelligence into all souls. 
On, on, it sweeps, stimulating itself by astonishing 
conceptions and deeds, to dare every height and 
depth that can reveal a new element for the good 
or irlory of mankind Tfc outstrips the church in 
beneficence, philosophy in reflection, and in enter¬ 
prise almost surpasses itself. The press, the lec¬ 
ture-room, the common school, the telegraph, the 
steamer and the locomotive, all guided and gar¬ 
risoned by busy brains and ready hands, are the 
springs and sinews, the vital power of the age.— 
On, on, it sweeps, making its path upon old en¬ 
deavors, forever seeking for things nobler and bet¬ 
ter in the untried and new. 
CUSTOMS OF THE TURKS. 
Here is a whole volume concerning the customs, 
manners, and habits of the Turks, contained in a 
single paragraph: 
“The Turks abhor the hat; but uncovering the 
head, which, with us, is an expression of respect, 
is considered by them disrespectful and indecent; 
no offence is given by keeping on a hat in a 
mosque, but shoes must be left on the threshold; 
the slipper and not the turban is removed in token 
of respect. The Turks turn in their toes; they 
write from right to left; they mount on the right 
side of the horse; they follow their guests into a 
room, and precede them on leaving it; the left 
hand is the place of honor; they do the honors of 
a table by serving themselves first; they are great 
smokers and coffee drinkers; they take the wall 
and walk hastily in token of respect; they beckon 
by throwing back the hand, instead of throwing it 
toward them; they cut the hair from the head; 
they remove it from the body, but leave it on the 
chin; they sleep in their clothes; they look upon 
beheading as a more disgraceful punishment than 
strangling; they deem our short and close dresses 
indecent, our shaven chins a mark of effeminacy 
and servitude; they resent an inquiry after their 
wives as an insult; they commence their wooden 
houses at the top, and their upper apartments are 
frequently finished before the lower ones are closed 
in; they eschew pork as an abomination; they re¬ 
gard dancing as a theatrical performance, only to 
be looked at and not mingled in except by slaves; 
their mourning habit is white; their sacred color 
green; their Sabbath-day is Friday; and interment 
follows immediately on death. The deaths of the 
women are not registered—those of the men are. 
Marriages are registered, and with the marriage 
the woman is virtually struck from existence, so 
far as the government is concerned. She is not 
known officially to the government of Turkey.— 
Her ‘lord,’or hubband, does with her as pleases 
him best.” 
The drop which thou shakest, from thy wet band 
(says Carlyle) rests not where it falls, but to-mor¬ 
row thou findest it swept away. Already, on the 
wings of the north wind, it is nearing the tropic 
of Cancer. How came it to evaporate, and not lie 
motionless? Thinkest thou there is aught that 
God has made, that is motionless, without force, 
and utterly dead? 
If you are disquieted at anything, you should 
consider with yourself, is the thing of that worth, 
that for it I should so disturb myself, and lose my 
peace and tranquillity. 
THE WONDERS OF VEGETABLE LIFE. 
We are not surprised that the youth write us that 
they love farming and the country, and rural life. 
Where else can we find such beauty, such wonders, 
such harmony. Every leaf, every flower, is a living 
wonder, a perpetual miracle, every singing bird, 
pouring forth its gushing melody, a messenger of 
love sent forth by the great Creator to touch the 
tenderest, deepest chords in the human heart, and 
call forth thoughts and words of gratitude and 
love to the Giver of all Good. Not only in the 
more rare plants and trees do we see the wonder¬ 
ful marks of creative wisdom, but even in the sim¬ 
plest plant we cultivate. Look at the melon and 
the cucumber, and see the little tendrils, (the ap¬ 
pearance of which is shown in our engraving,) 
stretched out like fingers to grasp every weed or 
stick within its reach. They approach anything 
on which they can lay hold, and you see the 
fingers straight, outstretched, and apparently use¬ 
less, but as soon as the object is reached, the point 
of the tendril carefully and firmly hooks around it, 
and makes a secure hold; when this is done the 
whole tendril coils up like a spiral spring, and thus 
draws the shoot of the growing plant nearer to the 
supporting object. The necessity of this is appa¬ 
rent when the plants climb on a bush or trellis, and 
every boy who has grown melons knows how 
sadly they are blown about during a storm, unless 
those tendrils have something on which they can 
fasten. We always leave a few weeds or put in 
some sticks for this purpose. 
Most of our young readers have seen the Virginia 
Creeper securely fastened to trees, and even to 
smooth brick and stone walls, as firmly as man 
could do it, even with the greatest care. Some, 
too, have seen the ivy secure itself by its litti 
sucker-like roots to even, smooth and hard surfaces. 
The Virginia Creeper emits no such roots, but 
when it climbs treeB with a smooth bark, or the side 
of a building which the tendrils cannot lay hold of 
in the usual way, by curling around it, their points 
expand into a flat sucker, as shown in the above 
engraving, which adheres very firmly to the wall or 
bark, enabling the plant to climb over such a sur¬ 
face as readily as the ivy does with its sucker-like 
rootlets. 
The vegetable world is full of such wonders, and 
blind indeed must be the youth who cannot see 
enough around him to furnish abundant material 
for thougnt and study. THe great book of nature 
is open to all, and he who runs and works may read 
and become wise. 
FOURTH OF JULY. 
Hail glorious day! again thou hast come to re¬ 
mind us of our patriotic fathers! how they rose 
above the tyranny of their oppressors and called 
for justice—for freedom! And when their calls 
were slighted, their petitions spurned, how they 
declared with the greatest solemnity, with the most 
energetic determination that they would be inde¬ 
pendent, and their voice was—“Sink or swim, live 
or die, survive or perish, we give our hands, our 
hearts to tho cause of freedom.” One cries—“ It 
is my living sentiment, and by the mercy of God it 
shall be my dying sentiment—Independence now 
and Independence forever.” Another exclaims— 
“As for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”— 
But their energy did not end here — in forming 
resolutions they brought forth their hearts and 
hands, and offered them a willing sacrifice for their 
country’s liberty. With Washington for their 
leader they struggled on—through summer’s heat 
and winter’s cold, destitute of the necessary com¬ 
forts of life, against the invasion of the sword on 
one side and the scalping knife on the other—to 
execute their declaration of freedom, till at length 
for their perseverance, they were crowned with the 
laurels of victory and independence. 
In memory of those illustrious patriots do we 
celebrate the Fourth of July—we throw aside the 
labors and cares of business, and engage in tho 
amusements of the day. Perhaps we attend a pic¬ 
nic where we enjoy the social intercourse and 
mirthful gaiety of the company, or the cool and 
refreshing breeze that sweeps through the shady 
grove. Perchance we mingle with a party on a 
sailing excursion, where we partake largely of the 
pleasant scenery in the distance, the green fields 
delight the vision with their beauty and seem to 
move backward as the boat glides swiftly onward. 
We hear the sound of the cannon as it peals forth 
it’s thundering notes in honor of the day—the 
voice of the rolling drum as it speaks of tho past— 
the crackling fireworks and see their glowing 
sparks shooting in every direction, in every place, 
throughout the Union. May we ever welcome the 
Fourth as a glorious day. Frank. 
Remarks. —We like the Fourth— wc love to hon¬ 
or the men who were willing to make sacrifices for 
principle — but the best way we can honor them 
is to imitate their glorions example. It is easy to 
make a noise about liberty when crackers are six 
cents a pack — but are we willing to make sacri¬ 
fices, to endure reproach and suffering if neces¬ 
sary, in defence of principles that we hold dear? 
It is well to lonor the heroes of the past—but we 
should not be ever looking backward for our glory. 
Let us look onward and upward. Let every young 
man resolve to do all he can to make the present 
age—tho present year—worthy of being held in 
honorable remembrance by succeeding generations. 
It is not easy to straighten in the oak the crook 
that grew in the sapling. 
