N. Y. STATE INSTITUTE WORKERS. 
SOME OF THE MEN WHO MAKE 
Our Farmers’ Institutes Valuable. 
At the close of a recent farmers’ institute, The 
R. N.-Y. secured a picture of the “ imported talent ” 
who had helped make the meeting successful. It is 
given here so that our friends at home and abroad 
may get an idea of the sort of men we have in “ York 
State” to talk to our farmers. While the speakers 
so well that people go home with something to think 
about. 
At the right of the line is our occasional correspond¬ 
ent, C. W. Jennings, of Belleville, the man who took 
the famous “cow census” some years ago. Mr. J. is 
the official reporter for the local press, and he has 
performed the duties of this position for five years. 
Besides writing for various agricultural papers, Mr. 
Jennings is a staff correspondent of Hoard’s Dairy¬ 
man, for which paper he does excellent work. 
tutes, Mr. Smith talks on “ Combinations of Foods 
for the Dairy Cow,” “ Better Methods for Butter- 
workers,” and “The Manufacture of Cheese.” 
Last in line is Prof. Geo. C. Watson, of Cornell. Our 
readers know him as he frequently writes for The R. 
N.-Y. At the institutes Prof. W. usually talks on 
“ Farm Manures,” and the use of fertilizers alone or 
with manure. We regard Prof. Watson as one of the 
most promising young men now engaged in teaching 
the science of agriculture. 
are often changed from place to place, this group is a 
fair sample of those usually sent to aid the local 
speakers. 
Beginning with the four men standing behind the 
ethers, the one at the left with the paper in his hand, 
is W. S. Moore, of Mount Upton. Mr. Moore is a 
practical and 
successful 
Of the four men seated in front the one at the left 
is F. E. Dawley, of Syracuse—a poultryman of large 
experience. Mr. D. is secretary of the New York State 
Poultry Association. He speaks not only on poultry, 
but on chemical fertilizers, and he speaks with 
authority, as he is connected with the well-known 
CLOVER HAY AND HEAVES. 
I agree with Mr. J. S. Woodward, page 83, about 
clover hay giving horses the heaves. I have never fed 
my team anything else but clover hay, and have been 
asked often how I kept my team in such good flesh 
and work them 
so hard. I never 
farmer in the 
beautiful Che¬ 
nango Valley. 
U e has a fa¬ 
mous herd of 
.Tersey cattle 
and Leicester 
sheep, while 
his H a m b 1 e- 
tonian horses 
are of the finest 
quality. Mr. M. 
attends the in¬ 
stitutes as the 
authorized 
newspaper 
agent of the 
State Agricul¬ 
tural Society. 
The paper he 
holds in his 
hand is The 
R. N.-Y., and 
he has probably 
taken more sub¬ 
scriptions for 
The Rubal 
than any other 
person in the 
business. Every 
one who at¬ 
tends an insti¬ 
tute will meet 
Mr. Moore, and 
it will be a sin¬ 
gular man who 
escapes with¬ 
out subscribing 
forTuER.N.-Y. 
feed them quite 
all the hay they 
will eat as 1 
have noticed 
when they 
were too full 
of hay that it 
would hurt 
their wind. I 
think that hard 
driving and 
heavy pulling 
while too full 
of clover, will 
affect the wind 
of any horse, 
and finally 
bring on the 
heaves, • if con¬ 
tinued. As to 
Mr. W.’s meth¬ 
od of putting 
up hay, I don’t 
think a heavy 
crop would be 
fit to go into 
the cock at 
night. A heavy 
crop in this lo¬ 
cality never 
gets perfectly 
dry during the 
day. I would 
prefer com¬ 
mencing to cut 
about 0 A. M., 
and about 3 to 4 
i>. M. I would 
commence t o 
Next stands 
Some of the Men who Make the New York State Institutes Valuable. Fig. 55. 
turn, and turn 
Dr.C. D. Smead, W. S. Moore. Dr. C. D. Smead. F. A. Converse. C. W. Jennings. all that evening 
of Logan, Presi- F* E. Dawley. D. P. Ashburn. Geo, A. Smith. Prof. G. C. Watson. that waS SUf- 
dent of the ficiently cured 
American Shropshire Sheep Association. Dr. Smead fertilizer control of the Geneva Experiment Station. on top, and I often find water at the bottom. The 
talks of the diseases of farm animals, and “Ins and Next sits Mr. D. P. Ashburn, of Nebraska—a fine next day, as soon as perfectly dry, I would rake and 
Oats of Breeding.” Pew men are better qualified to 
lecture on these subjects, for, aside from his long 
veterinary practice, the Dr. is a successful farmer. 
Of course he has great faith in the Shropshire 
sheep. 
No. 3 is P. A. Converse, of Woodville. Mr. C. is a 
graduate of Cornell, and a practical dairyman and 
berry grower. He is younger than some of the others, 
but that is a failing he can easily outgrow. Mr. 
Converse breeds Ayrshire cattle and Shetland ponies, 
and thoroughly understands all the details of the care 
and management of farm stock. He talks on “ The 
Silo,” “Science in Breeding,” “ Science in Feeding,” 
and “ Educational Privileges on the Farm,” and talks 
sample of the Western dairyman. Mr. A. had charge 
of the Nebraska dairy exhibit at the World’s Fair, 
and spent some weeks speaking in Vermont before 
coming to this State. He gives a very practical and 
helpful talk on making and marketing butter, and also 
talks about pigs as a side issue in the dairy. 
Next in line is Director Geo. A. Smith, of Frankfort, 
who is one of the cheese experts of the State Com¬ 
mission, and one of the best dairy authorities in the 
country. Mr. Smith makes an excellent director— 
his long experience in the work is of great service 
to him—and under his management the State speak¬ 
ers will probably hold more meetings and reach more 
farmers than ever before. Besides directing the insti¬ 
haul to the mow. The hay must be free from dew or 
rain, or it will become moldy or dusty. As Mr. Wood¬ 
ward says: “ It can be put in the mow quite green if 
free from outside moisture, and be nice, bright hay. 
The larger the bulk in the mow the better the hay 
will be.” I prefer a reasonably tight mow. Clover 
is a great fertilizer, and, while it has proved quite 
profitable as a money crop fojune, it has improved my 
land fully 25 per cent in the last six years. 
The seed crop is easily handled the way I manage. 
I use a Champion reel rake machine to cut. I remove 
the trip-pin in the rake-head, so that I can rake off in 
windrows. With a little practice one can make the 
windrows as straight as with a horse rake. I let the 
