1894 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
205 
For harvesting', the Hoover digger is used. The 
tubers are piled in heaps for a short time. The Pease 
sorter, which makes three grades and takes out the 
dirt, is placed by the pile and the potatoes are shoveled 
on to it with a wooden scoop (see Fig. G5). This 
shovel, which costs only 81, is one of the labor-saving 
devices which are practical, as it will not cut the 
tubers. 
Some eight-rowed, white corn with red tips was 
very fine and a little earlier than the eight-rowed yel¬ 
low which gives extraordinarily long ears. With 
good culture, one can grow many times the State 
average. The Banner oat is grown extensively in this 
locality. Its thin hull and stiff straw, which keeps it 
from lodging, recommend it. A yield of 46 bushels 
per acre was obtained from a new wheat, White 
Genesee, which entitles it to examination and trial. 
With his other cares, Mr. White has mixed in Bronze 
turkeys, Black Langshans and Cheshire hogs. A 
young gobbler which was crated for shipment ought to 
make the buyer happy, as he weighed 32 pounds. 
The whole business is rapidly assuming large propor¬ 
tions, and I was much interested in hunting for the 
cause. I believe it to be the personal oversight of a 
capable, conscientious owner. c. e. chapman. 
here. It is known in some nurseries as English 
Russet. In conversation with my esteemed friend, 
Charles Downing, he said it was, in his opinion, a mis¬ 
nomer as he had found no such apple in any English 
list and the English Russet and the Poughkeepsie 
Russet were identical. It is considered here and in 
Westchester County one of the most profitable varie¬ 
ties. It is a long keeper, sometimes keeping until 
apples come again, and is a good grower and bearer, 
superior in the spring for cooking and baking. Long 
Island Russet cider cannot be excelled for bottling, 
and is kept largely by hotels and restaurants as a sub¬ 
stitute for champagne as it is known to be pure. It 
is made as late as possible without freezing, and until 
it ferments, is a sweet, wholesome drink for temperate 
people. After it is boiled and kept one or two years, 
it sells for about the price of grape wine. 
Smokehouse. —Not a very attractive name for an 
apple, but from about 20 years’ experience with it in 
our own and other orchards, we can recommend it as 
possessing more good qualities than any other of the 
100 kinds we have in bearing. We want apples, good 
regular bearers, fair and smooth, good to cook and 
good to eat, that will hang on the tree until picked ; 
the Smokehouse will generally fill the bill. It origin¬ 
ated in Lancaster County, Pa. iSAAc hicks. 
ANOTHER POTATO TALK. 
VARIETIES AND METHODS OF CULTURE. 
Millers Corners, N. Y., the home of C. R. White, 
President of the New York State Farmers’ Alliance, is 
situated in the midst of the potato growing section of 
New York. I had a little talk with Mr. White about 
the seed potato business and the tools used. The 
development of his seed potato trade is astonishing, 
reaching in this second year already over 3,000 barrels. 
This comes from honest, fair dealing, fair prices, and 
liberal advertising in the best papers. He unhesitat¬ 
ingly placed The R. N.-Y. first. The Aspinwall 
planter has been used several years with success, but 
hereafter, on heavy ground, he will use the Darnell 
furrower and marker. The ground will be marked 
out both ways and the potatoes kept in hills. The 
planter is thought “to compact the soil unless the lat¬ 
ter is in the ‘ pink of perfection,’ and a deeper cultiva¬ 
tion can be given early in the season by cultivating 
both ways.” I am of the opinion that the check 
system gives less trouble with weeds, and a smaller 
yield. Where the soil is not stony, the furrower is an 
excellent tool. After the seed is dropped, it is cov¬ 
ered with a smoothing harrow, which is the “ fastest 
method known.” In a few days this is followed with 
the Whipple shear-cut “Exterminator,” which will cut 
shallow or deep. Following this comes the smoothing 
harrow, and lastly Breed’s weeder. The hilling, 
later, will be very slight. 
Mr. White always procures his seed directly from 
the introducers to grow his stock, and every precaution 
is taken to keep it pure and true to name. A leading 
agricultural paper has just awarded first prize to the 
writer of an essay whose main point was that potatoes 
can be kept up to original vigor by a careful selection 
and use of commercial fertilizers. From the fact that 
the tuber is not the true seed of the potato, and no 
new blood is introduced each year by fertilization as 
in the case of corn, I do not believe the selection 
theory and fully agree with Mr. White. He said: 
“We must obtain new varieties from seed and have 
them tested and ready for sale to take the place of tbe 
older ones when they cease to become profitable. This 
result comes much quicker now than formerly, be¬ 
cause of depleted soil, which does not give that vigor 
necessary to successfully resist drought, blight, scab 
and bugs.” 
He considers Brownell’s Winner and Maggie Murphy 
good red varieties. Rupert’s Perfection is a second 
early of promise. It is a long, white, heavy yielder of 
fine quality. It was one of the finest new varieties at 
“Our Exhibit” at Chicago. Vick’s Champion and 
Rural No. 2 are good late kinds for strong soil. The 
latter will grow too large unless more seed is used. 
The Freeman is “ perfection in quality,” but sets so 
many in the hill that it must be planted on rich soil 
and but little seed used. The Victor Rose will grow 
too coarse if given too good a chance. New Queen is 
a very fine, smooth potato of the Hebron class and 
seems adapted to all soils. I was much pleased to find 
that he had paid so much attention to adaptability of 
variety to soil, and recommend his catalogue on that 
account. The Troy Seedling grows a wonderfully 
vigorous foliage and is a good variety for those who 
care little for quality and can give it a long season. 
It comes near to being a blight-proof kind, and like all 
other late varieties, improves in quality as it gets older. 
TWO LONG ISLAND APPLES. 
That celebrated apple, the Newtown Pippin, accord¬ 
ing to report, originated at Newtown, Queens County, 
L. I., and was disseminated by William Prince one of 
the first pomologists of his time. At present, this 
variety does not succeed on Long Island except in the 
town of Huntington, adjoining Long Island Sound. 
Potato Scoop. Fig. 65. 
Those fine Newtown Pippin orchards in Westchester 
and Putnam Counties, N. Y., once so productive, have 
generally failed, and but few good Newtown Pippins 
are shipped from there now. Trees from the nursery 
of William Prince were planted in Albemarle County, 
N. C., many years ago, and, as is often the case, the 
name was lost and 'the name of the county where 
planted was given the variety, but upon tracing the 
origin,* it has been found the trees were from Mr. 
Prince’s nursery at Flushing, L. I. This variety suc¬ 
ceeds admirably along the Blue Ridge in Virginia, and 
in eastern Tennessee, but specimens I have seen, 
although very fine, did not have the flavor of those 
grown here. 
We have thrown ashes and muriate of potash around 
our trees of this variety and have found a marked 
improvement. We believe that where land has long 
been cropped, or trees grown many years, there is a 
deficiency of potash in Long Island soil which if sup¬ 
plied, may give this and other varieties that are said 
to be run out, the elements they need. The most pro¬ 
ductive orchard known on Long Island, is frequently 
given a goodly quantity of Canada unleached hard¬ 
wood ashes. 
Long Island Russet. —This variety has long been 
grown on Long Island and we believe it originated 
BUSINESS BITS. 
Tuk SteltK potato bu8 sprinkler looks like a labor saver. Send to 
J. R. Stoltz, Cudahy, Wls., for description. 
Mu. R. D. Hoyt, Seven Oaks, Kla., sends free on application an 
Illustrated catalOKue on aquatic and tropical plants with directions 
for planting. 
The Springfield Fertilizer Co., of Springfield, Ohio, Is prepared to 
give you first-class rates on fertilizers. You farmers In the Ohio 
Valley who want fertilizers this spring should by all means get cir¬ 
culars and catalogues from this firm and compare the analyses of 
their goods with other brands. 
Eastern farmers often ask where they can have special fertilizers 
prepared or secure the chemicals for home mixing. Luclen Sander¬ 
son, Now Haven, Conn., makes a specialty of supplying these things. 
Many of the farmers who practice home mixing buy the chemicals of 
Sanderson. Send for his circulars and catalogue. 
It’s folly to have the kens spending their time hovering chickens 
these days. A good brooder will do this work better, and the hens 
thus relieved will lay eggs enough In one season to pay for It. The 
Plneland Incubator and Brooder Co., make an outdoor brooder that 
costs but 1^ cent a day to operate, and Is specially adapted for the 
farm. Ask them about It. 
Tub Huntington Seed Co., Indianapolis, Ind.—An Illustrated 
catalogue of 80 pages of vegetable, flower and farm seeds. Among 
specialties are most of the now kinds offered by Eastern seedsmen. 
Dungan's White Prolific and Riley’s Improved Favorite corn are 
highly praised, the first as an early and very prolific white dent, the 
other as an early prolific yellow dent. Huntington’s Hoosler potato 
Is said to resemble Beauty of Hebron, though earlier and a heavier 
yielder. 
“ACME” means best of all, “up top,” etc. It has been applied to 
many things but seldom more appropriately than to the harrow made 
by Duane H. Nash, of Millington, N. .1. There Is no tool on earth that 
better prepares the soil for a seed bed. It cuts, covers, slices and 
crushes. At the great Ellerslle Stock Farm they plowed 21.') acres of 
sod last fall for corn. What tools would be needed for preparing that 
sod this year? The first tools to be put on the list were three Acme 
harrows. That was right, for these harrows will put that sod In just 
the right shape for corn planting. This Is one of the tools we can 
commend without reserve. Send to Mr. Nash at once for a descriptive 
catalogue. 
Eveky family of refined tastes wants a musical Instrument, but 
usually the cheapest organ that can be bought of dealers costs about 
$05, and doesn’t amount to very much at that. This is more than many 
well-to-do farmers think they can alTord at times, and the result Is 
that they go without and are disappointed accordingly. There Is 
always a way, however, to beat hard times and avoid the middleman’s 
and agent’s profits by buying direct from the manufacturer. The Bee¬ 
thoven Plano and Organ Co., of Washington, N. J., Is one of the manu¬ 
facturing houses that sells direct to purchasers, and at prices that 
make It possible for every family to have an organ. They sell one com¬ 
plete with book and stool for $27.50. This company offer equal In¬ 
ducements In pianos. 
^All 
CROPS 
INCREASED 
AND QUALITY IMPROVED 
BY THE USE 
OF OUR 
Fertilizers. 
WE MANUFACTURE A 
FULL LINE OF 
Bone Super 
Phosphates f 
*. . and . . 
Special Fertilizers 
for different crops and soils. It pays to use 
them on 
GRAIN, GRASS, 
VEGETABLES, FRUITS, 
TOBACCO, TREES 
AND VINES, 
I in fact everything that grows In or out of the 
ground. We keep in stock all fertilizing 
chemicals and materials. 
The Cleveland Dryer Co. 
Fertilizer Exchange, 130 SUMMIT STREEl, 
CLEVELAND, OHIO. 
B erry-box MACHINE.-For putting up any 
kind or size of berry box or basket material. Saves 
money to growers who use them. Price nominal. Don t 
fall to send for our illustrated circular. Address 
CIN. SPECIALTY MFG. CO., Cincinnati Oh 
FERTILIZERS 
ARE UNPROFITABLE, 
Unless tbej Contain Sufficient Potasn. 
Complete fertilizers should contain at least six per 
cent of Potash. Fertilizers for Potatoes, Tobacco, 
Fruits and Vegetables should contain from 10 to 15 
per cent of Potash. Farmers should use fertilizers 
containing enough potash or apply Potash salts, 
such as Muriate of Potash, Sulphate of Potash and 
Kalnlt. For Information and pamphlets, address, 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 
93 Nassau Street. New York City. 
UP! UP! UP! 
without a wither or a waver in their growth. 
Your Fruit Trees and Vines 
will go. If nourished with 
Pioneer Orchard and 
Garden flanures 
—and they’ll bear the best of fruit. 
Our pamphlet “What’s The Matter With 
The Orchard?”—free to anyone. Address 
THE JARECKI CHEMICAL CO., Sandusky, Ohio. 
FERTSLIZERS 
AGENTS 
Wa,i3.toci 
Circulars, 
Samples and,’^ 
Prices ^ 
TRADE-MARK. 
SPRINGFIELD FERTILIZER 
BLOOD 
-AND- 
FLESH. 
pn SPKINfiFIELD, 
uUi, OHIO. 
Sait for Fertilizer. 
Best thing to use on Wheat, Barley, Oats, Hay and 
Potatoes. Natures restorer for worn out land. In¬ 
creases yield from 16 to 50 per cent. After long ex¬ 
perience we are preparing a grade exactly suited to 
the purpose. Write for prices delivered. 
THE LbROY salt CO., LeKoy, N. Y 
36c. 
■will buy our 36 quart berry crate. QCa 
C omplete with baskets for wOCi 
T. C. AVIS BASKET CO., Oxford, N. Y. 
NATURE’S OWN FERTILIZER. 
CANADA Jk ■ ■ pm 
UNLBACHED ■■ 
HABDWOODiP^f^l I 
The Forest City Wood Ash Co., of London, Canada, 
have perfect facilities for handling them In proper 
shape. Bend for free Pamphlet and Guaranteed 
Analysis to 
THE FOREST CITY WOOD ASH CO.. 
9 Merchants’ Bow, Boston, Mass. 
SANDERSON’S 
SPECIAL FORMULA 
FERTILIZERS 
TAKE TUB LEAD AS 
CROP PRODUCERS. 
No method ef supplying plant food has ever proven 
so economical. Write for full particulars. 
LUCIEN SANDERSON, 
New Haven, Conn. 
BERRY CRATES 
AND 
CRAPE BASKETS. 
Write for Price List. Address 
COLRY-HINCICLE Y CO., Benton Harbor, Allch. 
