362 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
June 9 
C. L Allkn, Long Island. —All re¬ 
sults depend largely upon the start; if 
that is right, success is most generally 
secured, even though the after operations 
are, in a measure, neglected. It matters 
not what the business may be, the princi¬ 
ple is the tame. To start wrong is to 
end wrong. Horticulture, more than 
any other branch of business, insists upon 
a right start, and then to follow it up. 
In the reproduction of a species or varie¬ 
ty, the seed is employed, and, when 
placed in the earth, if the conditions are 
favorable, growth immediately com¬ 
mences, and, in case of plants of annual 
duration, does not cease until the plant 
has reproduced itself. If, from any 
cause, the plant receives a check, Na¬ 
ture’s purposes are thwarted in propor¬ 
tion to the check received; in many 
species, where the plant has great re¬ 
cuperative strength, the injury may be 
very slight; in others, the slightest check 
proves fatal. As a rule, the smaller the 
plants, the less they suffer by removal. 
As for cabbage, it makes considerable 
difference what season of the year the 
cabbage is to be grown, as to the sow¬ 
ing of the seed. For an early crop, it is 
absolutely necessary to sow the seed in 
the greenhouse, hot-bed or frame, and 
transplant as scon as the weather will 
permit. For a late crop, I find it de¬ 
cidedly better to sow the seed where the 
plants are to stand. This opinion has 
been forced upon me from circumstances 
that rendered this method necessary, and 
I state them as follows, giving a few 
examples of my experience the past year. 
All interested will remember that the 
summer of 1893, in the cabbage growing 
district of Long Island, was a remark¬ 
ably dry one; so severe was the drought 
that all the plants of cabbage and cauli- 
fiower had to be puddled in, which is a 
method the farmer dislikes. Then, a'? is 
most generally the case, transplanting 
was deferred until the plants were larger 
than they should have been. The result 
was that crops were not nearly so good 
as usual; the plants were stunted and 
did not start evenly. 
Three of our growers of cabbage for 
seed purposes lost their plants entirely, 
and I gave them seed which they dropped 
in the rows where the plants were to be 
set; this was only about a week before 
it was time to set the plants. In each 
case the young plants appeared quickly, 
and the doubting farmers immediately 
pulled out the surplus plants, there hav¬ 
ing been two or three seeds dropped in 
each hill. The remaining ones com¬ 
menced active growth, and in less than 
four weeks the plants were stronger than 
those which had been transplanted, and 
the whole field presented an even ap¬ 
pearance ; there were no missing places, 
as is usually the case where plants are 
set. When the time came for putting 
the cabbages in the trenches for winter, 
there were no fields on the Island that 
could compare favorably with them for 
perfect heads and for evenness of type. 
So much superior were these fields to 
others of the same variety, that some 
specialists thought the seed was a differ¬ 
ent strain of the same type. 
In seasons when the weather is favor¬ 
able, when it rains at the proper time, 
and just as wanted, it may be quite as 
economical to sow the seed in beds and 
transplant when readj. But such sea¬ 
sons rarely occur, and the uncertainty of 
good results may be seen by the follow¬ 
ing incident: A few years since I gave 
two brothers a contract for growing two 
acres each, of the same variety of cab¬ 
bage. For convenience, the seed was 
sown in one seed-bed, and the setting 
out was to be done jointly. At the proper 
time, there being every indication of a 
rain, transplanting was commenced; 
but, owing to the severity of the storm, 
but one field was set. The rain fell in 
torrents, packing the earth firmly around 
the plants. As soon as the storm abated, 
the second field was set, and it was sup¬ 
posed under the most favorable circum¬ 
stances, the ground being completely 
saturated. The plants were set hastily, 
and without taking as much pains to 
firmly pack the soil around the roots as 
there should have been. That day, and 
for several days following, the weather 
was very hot, and the soil became very 
dry, in fact baked ; the result was that 
these plants received a check from which 
they never recovered. The field looked 
as though every member of the Brassica 
family was represented. This was simply 
because the eartt was not firmly packed 
about the roots, and the new feeders 
that always form when a plant has been 
shifted from one position to another, had 
nothing to feed upon, at least many of 
them had not, until after the next heavy 
rain; during the interval, the crop was 
ruined. 
The first two acres, set in an opposite 
field were as fine a field of cabbage as 
ever grew, and that because all the con¬ 
ditions were favorable, a circumstance 
that does not often occur. Here is an 
instance where, if the seed had been 
sown where the plants were to grow, 
there would have been no failure. Many 
more instances of the same kind might 
be stated, but these are sufficient to con¬ 
vince me, that, for a late crop, it is de¬ 
cidedly the better plan to sow the seed 
where the plants are to grow. Where 
this plan has been practiced, I have never 
known a failure, while in transplanting, 
failures are frequent. 
The Hired Han's Side. 
W. W., Pawi.inqs, N. Y.—I read the 
editorial in The R. N.-Y., of May 19 , 
wherein the writer was asked by a man 
on the street for money to buy his dinner, 
and after stating how the man refused 
to accept the good job on a farm, the 
writer goes on to say that within 20 
miles of the city, farmers are literally 
begging for honest, reliable help. I am 
working on a farm here, and am the only 
man employed. For $20 a month, I rise 
at 4.30 A. M., and do all the heaviest and 
most disagreeable work for a man who 
never allows one to think that he is 
pleased with one’s best efforts, and is be¬ 
coming each day more limited in his bill- 
of-fare. The wages I work hard for, 
and really believe I deserve, will not be 
paid to me under eight months. This I 
learned after my first month’s work, 
when I asked him for my wages, but 
was told I could have money whenever 
I wanted it. Who is entitled to my 
month’s wages, the man who receives 
the benefit of my work, or should I be 
compelled to ask for every dollar that I 
actually need, as though I had not 
earned it? Out of these wages, which 
does not include washing, I support a 
wife who, though she can spread a dol¬ 
lar bill over a larger number of expendi¬ 
tures than most women can, is not able 
to endure the heavy work in a farm 
house, and, as there are no tenements 
near here, is obliged to board in the 
house with me. If there is a locality 
in writing to advertUeri please always mention 
Thi BiraAL. 
Blood Poison 
By ivy or live oak, caused infiamm ition, 
eruptions and intense itching and burning 
on my legs. I decided to try Hood’s Sar- 
Sarsa- 
parilla 
Hood’s 
saparilla. I 
have taken .1. y 
Hood’s Sarsa- 
parilla, and do not have any poison symp¬ 
toms. I have gained 12 pounds since 
taking Hood’s.” C. E Bo hall, West 
Union, Minnesota. 
Hood’s Pills cure all Liver Ills, Biliousness. 
where farmers are in need of help, where 
they treat the hired man with as much 
consideration as they do their cattle, I 
would like to migrate there right away. 
I believe that I come under the head of 
honest, reliable help that farmers are 
begging for, as I neither smoke nor drink, 
am honest as regards work, and have 
nothing that belongs to any one else 
and not all that belongs to me. Will you 
kindly inform nre how to reach those 
fanners ? Why do not they ask for help 
through The Rural? I have watched 
its columns, but have seen no personal 
cal.s for help What wages do they pay 
to married men, and do they provide a 
house to live in ? I understand farm 
work and the care of milk. I am desirous 
of getting work where I can keep house 
and lay up something ahead. 
R. N.-Y.—It is now pretty late in the 
season, but we are willing to make a test 
case of this, and if any of our readers 
desire to employ this man, we will fur¬ 
nish his address on application. 
The “Hired Man” In Tennessee. 
E. L. G , Louden County. Tenn. —In 
The R, N.-Y. of May 19 , ELS. asks as 
to wages in various localities. If the 
Southern farmers had to pay the wages 
E. L. S. mentions, we would feel that we 
were on the high road to bankruptcy. 
not that prices would not justify us in 
paying as much as Northern farmers, 
but we shall never get into the habit of 
it. I had an extra good hand last year ; 
he worked for $13 per month during 
November, December, January and Feb¬ 
ruary, and $15 per month the other eight 
months of the year ; he lost all bad days 
and charged only for the time actually 
put in. Owing to a sudden death in his 
family in April, I was forced to find 
another man, I mounted my horse at G 
A M., crossed the river and started back 
from the railroad on my search. After 
riding some tb ree miles I heard of a good 
hand. I rode up to his house, and told 
him my name and business. He said, 
“Oh, yes, you are a Northern man, and 
live across the river, maybe I can’t do 
your work to suit you.” 
I replied, “Name your price, and come 
and try it, for I need a man right away.” 
“ I will work for you till the crops are 
laid by for $14 a month, and then, if we 
can agree. I’ll work cheaper the rest of 
the year.” I told him to come and get 
the team and move in next day which he 
did. He is an extra good hand, strong 
and willing, and very careful of the 
horses, feeds and curries them better 
than any man I ever had and doesn't 
skin them alive as I have known hands 
bON’T ACCEPT iniTATI0N5. 
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rs 
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AWARDS 
• A i:5ide.$c7.5o. TWO MEDALS 
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BUGGY 
4 ,T 00 Leather quaiter top. 
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Equal to these of Other makes cost- 
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Catalogue cheerfully mailed to any address 
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Send Us Your Address, 
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Price List of FINE SUKKEYS, BUGGIES and 
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KALAMAZOO BUCKBOARD CO., 
Kalamazoo, Midi. 
before buying a 
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RAIL 
ROAD 
LANDS 
For Sale at Low Prices and on 
Easy Terms. 
The Illinois Central Railroad Company offers for 
sale en easy terms and at low prices, 150.00D acres of 
choice fruit, gardening, farm and grazing lands 
located In 
SOUTHERN ILLINOIS. 
They are also largely Interested In, and call especial 
attention to the fitXl.COO acres of land In tne famous 
- YAZOO DELTA OF MISSISSIPPI, 
Ding along and owned by the Yazoo and Mississippi 
Valley Railroad Company, and which that Company 
oters allow prices and on long terms. Special In¬ 
ducements and facilities offered to go and examine 
these lands both In Southern Illinois and In the 
•‘Yazoo Delta,’’Miss. For further description, map and 
any Information, address or call upon B. P. 8KENK 
Land Commissioner, No. 1 Park Row, Chicago Ill 
