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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
THE 
Rural New-Yorker. 
THE BUSINESS FARMERS' PAPER. 
A National Weekly Journal for Country and Suburban Homes. 
Established 1850. Copyrighted 1894. 
Elbeut .S. Cabman, Editor-in-Chief. 
Hebbekt W. Collinowooij, Manag'ing' Editor. 
John J. Dillon, Business Manager. 
SUHSCKIl’TJONS. 
PRICE, ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. 
To foreign countries in the Universal Postal Union, $i.04, equal to 
8s. 6d., or 8^ marks, or 10‘/i francs. 
ADVEKTISINO KATE.S, 
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of 10 or more lines, and 1,000-line orders, 25 cents per line. 
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Advertisements Inserted only for responsible and honorable houses 
Be sure that the name and address of sender, with name of Post- 
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letter. Money ordei's and bank drafts on New York are the safest 
means of transmitting money. 
Address all business communications and make all orders pay¬ 
able to rural NEW-YORKER, 
Corner Chambers and Pearl Streets, New York. 
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1894. 
CARMAN No. 1 POTATO. 
Owing to the severe drought, the stock of this po¬ 
tato is small, and the dealers’ price will be very high. 
We have been able to secure a stock of small tubers 
for distribution. To subscribers who apply^ and in¬ 
close four cents for postage, we will send a tuber 
weighing about three ounces. This offer is for those 
only w)w did iwt receive a tuber last year. 
O 
For the next eight months, K. S. Carman would 
prefer that his friends address all personal communica¬ 
tions to No. .5 West 82nd Street, New York City, 
instead of River Edge, N. J. 
O 
Our call for experience and the most interesting 
thing learned during the past year, has brought out 
some excellent articles. Let them come. We want 
more of them—can’t po.ssibly have too many. There 
are some excellent new contributors in training as a 
result of these recorded experiences. 
O 
Maybe you think that your books show that fate 
has not been kind to you this year. Others are worse 
off than you are. Just read this report from a farmer 
in Harvey County, Kan. : 
I am no better off than I was in the spring. Wlieat averaged 10 
bushels per acre, wortli now 38 cents ; corn 5 bushels per acre, 
worth now 37 cents ; and oats 10 bushels per acre, worth now, 22 
cents. This is the average on this farm; on others, corn went as 
higli as 20 and wheat as low as five bushels per acre. 
Think of that, ye grumblers ! What would you do if 
your farm had done no better than that ? It won’t 
hurt you to put in a few thanks for the difference 
between that crop and yours. 
O 
Come dairymen, if you don’t feel like voting for the 
interests of your wife and childi*en, vote for your cow, 
anyway ! The pa.s.sage of the Crout Bill, now before 
Congress, will give the “ oleo ” fraud the hardest 
knock it has yet received. You are not doing busi¬ 
ness for the purpose of petting that fraud, but to 
strangle it. The only body of men that can do that 
act, is Congress. You help to elect a Congressman. In 
your trade, the issue above all othei's in importance 
is that “ oleo ” must be forced to drop its butter ma.sk 
and stand on its own grounds. Vote for the man who 
will support the Gi’out Bill. That is the way to stand 
by your own trade. 
O 
The Pennsylvania Experiment Station has made a 
number of analyses of chestnuts. Taking the analysis 
of Paragon, and Mr. Engle’s estimate of the yield from 
an acre of trees in good bearing, we get an idea of the 
food producing value of chestnut trees as compared 
with some other farm crops : 
Muscle-makers. 
Fat-makers. 
Protein. 
Carbohydrates. 
Pure Fat. 
Pounds. 
Pounds. 
Pounds. 
An acre of che.stnuts.... 378 
3,168 
307)4 
20 bushels wheat. 172 
985 
24 
.50 bushels shelled corn.. 308 
2,197 
149 
15 bushels beans. 256 
517 
16)4 
We thus see that an acre of 
chestnuts will 
produce 
far more food than the other crops mentioned. The 
banana and the peanut are the only other crops that 
will compare in food producing power with the chest¬ 
nut. The most remarkable thing about it is that 
while the wheat, corn and beans must be manured 
each year at considerable expense, the chestnut tree 
goes on year after year, bearing crops without the aid 
of manure or fertilizei's, save its own leaves. One ex¬ 
planation of this probably is that its strong and vig¬ 
orous roots are able to appropriate or even maka 
soluble, more of the soil fertility than could be util¬ 
ized by the smaller roots of annual crops. Even in 
soils that we call “ impoverished,” there are, in every 
acre, vast .stores of fertility. It is there, but locked 
up in such insoluble forms that it is not available to 
quick-growing annual crops. The large, strong roots 
of trees, however, can make use of much of this fer¬ 
tility and this is one explanation of the fact that an acre 
of chestnut trees on poor soil will produce more food 
than wheat or corn could do with a heavy manuring. 
O 
In parts of the city of Brooklyn, a new industry 
has appeared—that of peddling butter as milk is sold 
from wagons. The butter is sold in pound prints and 
is said to be brought direct from the dairy. It is sold 
for less than the price at the corner grocery, and is 
delivered right at the door like milk. There is no 
reason why this system should not spread. To any 
one with a clean tongue, it is evident that butter 
should come as straight from the dairy to the table as 
possible. The average grocery store, with salt fish, 
kerosene, tobacco and other “ strong ” substances, is 
no place for clean butter. Direct to consumer ! That 
is the watchword! Howto do it? CoSperate and 
send a trusty representative to take care of the trade. 
But first make sure of your local market. 
O 
We have a cla.ss of people in this country who say 
whenever improved methods are advocated, “ Suppose 
every farmer were to become an expert and produce a 
big crop—who would ever buy it ?” According to 
their theory, efforts at improvement are wrong be¬ 
cause they will lead to over-production. Is it possible 
for all men to become experts ? In this issue a sub¬ 
scriber tells us how he obtained a great yield from the 
Carman No. 1 potato. Why did not every one who 
received a tuber do the .same ? It is easy to say that 
if they had there would be an enormous stock of Car¬ 
mans for sale. It is about as certain as fate that all 
could not and would not be careful enough to equal 
that yield, and it is equally certain that in our gener¬ 
ation at least, it will be impossible to make experts of 
all farmers. 
O 
Prof. Henry, of the Wisconsin Experiment Station, 
has conducted some experiments to test the profit in 
cutting up dry corn stalks. Four good cows were fed 
for- two weeks on stalks that had been run through a 
cutter, and then for two weeks on whole stalks, the 
same amount of corn meal and bran being fed in both 
ca.ses. It was found that 721 pounds of cut stalks made 
as much milk and butter as 1,133 pounds of whole 
stalks. This meant a saving of 36 per cent by passing 
the fodder through the cutter. The whole stalks were 
largely wasted, for the cattle could not eat them as 
readily as they ate the cut stalks. Not only was this 
great saving made in feed, but the orts or rem¬ 
nants left by the cattle are far better for bedding. 
Every one who has ever worked on a manure pile, 
knows how long stalks clog up the fork. 
O 
On the fence just back of a dairy house, we recently 
counted 25 big cream pots spread out to sun. There 
goes many a wasted hour out of the lives of the 
women folks. If the women should go out in a 10-acre 
field, get down on their knees and begin to paw the 
ground over with their hands so as to save the cost of 
a new cultivator, they would be considered apt sub¬ 
jects for the insane asylum. Why are they not so con¬ 
sidered when they wash and lift those cream pots day 
after day ? That means many an acre of surface to 
wash, and many a ton to lift in the course of a year. 
It is wasted labor just as much as would be that of 
scratching up the 10-acre field. You don’t make any 
better butter than you would with a good creamer or 
separator, and you lose a good deal of butter in the 
skim-milk. Be honest, now, and admit that you keep 
the women folks at this lifting and washing simply 
because they won’t make a fight for better tools. 
Shame on you for doing it ! 
O 
The New York Milk Exchange has dropped the 
price of milk from 3)^ to three cents per quart, some¬ 
thing unprecedented in October. It was explained 
that circumstances made it a necessity. That the low 
price at which butter was selling compared with that 
commanded by milk, made it impossible to churn 
more except at a ruinous sacrifice. Inasmuch as but¬ 
ter has sold for practically present prices for the past 
three months, as the price of milk was gradually ad¬ 
vanced from 2K to 3)^ cents during that time, and as 
the butter market has been in good condition most of 
the time with lower stocks than ordinary, it is diffi¬ 
cult for the ordinary mind exactly to grasp the full 
force of this reasoning. The claim is made that the 
price was advanced too much in late summer. Be 
that as it may, the price is reduced, regardless of the 
cost of production, the profit to the producer, and 
without his being consulted in the matter. This is 
done, too, by an organization that controls, probably, 
not over 10 per cent of the milk that comes to the 
city. Great is the power of organization. Ten per 
cent organized, dictate terms to 90 per cent unorgan¬ 
ized. What will the 90 per cent do about it ? 
O 
Last spring the New Jersey Legislature juggled 
with the game laws, and left them in a form that 
makes it unlawful for any one to kill, or have in his 
possession, quail or “ hare, commonly called rabbit, 
except only between the 10th day of November and 
the 16th day of December of any year, under a penalty 
of $20 for every quail or rabbit so taken.” Now the 
lawyers are trying to find out whether the law means 
what it .says, or whether this game may be killed on 
the 10th and 16th days of the respective months. In 
New York State, a special law was passed to settle 
the point. Thus it is : the lawyers make the laws in 
such a way that no one but themselves can tell what 
they mean, and they must be paid for their knowl¬ 
edge. Even they do not agree, but they must be paid 
even for their disagreements. We are sometimes 
told that farmers would better let lawmaking alone, 
and stick to their legitimate business; that those 
familiar with the laws are more competent to make 
and mend them. If the honest farmers made such a 
mess of it as the lawyers often do, the advice would 
be well given. The trouble is that the latter are too 
often legislating to secure business for them.selves, 
and put money into their own pockets. 
O 
BREVITIES. 
I wish to paint a picture of the meanest man who runs a farm, 
Who gives his children from their birth a bitter legacy of harm. 
This man hath acres broad and fair, with soil both light and dark 
to suit 
The most exacting vegetable—the sweetest and most luscious fruit. 
Crisp celery might grace his board, with lettuce and asparagus. 
While fruit from pieplant up to pears, through long succession 
ought to pass. 
But no! This fellow is too mean! FYom June to June the year 
around. 
Potatoes are his vegetable and apple fruit alone is found. 
“ ’Taters is good enough for me!” I often heard this fellow say. 
Yes! yes! of course, they’re good enough to drive your boys and 
girls away. 
The stain upon your narrow heart, an angel’s tears could hardly 
clean. 
Though used with scrubbing brush of fate—you are too selfish and 
too mean. 
It is a shame that men like you have power to grind and crush 
the lives 
Of children, and to blur the hopes of sweet-souled daughters and 
of wives. 
Would that some child of yours might rise with brave and inde¬ 
pendent heart, 
Strong-souled and firm to dare your right to crush her to a meaner 
part; 
To take her slave-like mother’s side, until your sad and drooping 
wife 
Shall fight your boasted right to graft your meanness on her 
children’s life. 
Dust is ground ground. 
“ Don’t give up the sheep ! ” 
Dis-stilling— waking up the baby. 
“ No flies in it!”—a flying machine. 
To be upright you must down wrong. 
An axiom—there’s a lie in all “soft soap.” 
OuB type this week is like your skin—a newd dress. 
Rye is “badly lodged” when it is distilled into a whisky bottle. 
Lots of “ big stories ” in this issue—big with truth and sugges¬ 
tion! 
“The Pat Finder” is the latest English name for a Babcock 
tester. 
Is the potato that never seeds a stronger sprouter ? What do 
you say, potato men ? 
Those moles—page 694—were certainly “ in a pet” as they dis¬ 
appeared down the throat of that cat. 
Who can compare crude petroleum with kerosene as a vermin 
killer? No guesswork, but experience—please. 
Mr. Engle says he has no use for any of the common Japan 
chestnuts. Their flavor is “ worse than none at all.” 
No vegetable can equal a boiled Paragon chestnut served hot 
and eaten with salt and butter. It is ahead of celery. 
We hope our friend—page 694—will be able to breed a strain of 
cats that will possess the good qualities of his mole trap. 
That is an interesting account of irrigating celery on page 698. 
No use talking, celery must have a drink when it is thirsty. 
You’re an American are you ? So is an Indian, and as far as 
heredity goes, he has 10 times your right to the title. What do you 
base your claim on anyway ? 
Eggs at one cent each. Hens are doing it, you notice—page 707. 
These cold facts are produced by warm quarters. The latter are 
produced by thick shingles, as the boy stated after his punish¬ 
ment. 
Never write till you know what you are going to write about. 
Tell it in a few words. Make it simple. It may be an old story to 
you, but unless it is new to others it is not worth printing. Give 
your reasons for the why of it. 
Ground fish for stock feeding—page 696. Who can tell us more 
about this? We know that it makes fine food for ducks and other 
poultry, and also for hogs. It should answer for sheep, but who 
has tried it for cows ? At the price named it is a very cheap 
source of albuminoids or muscle-makers. 
If the Southern Confederacy had succeeded it would have im¬ 
posed an export tax on cotton. That is, every bale of cotton that 
left the country would have been liable to a tax. Some people at 
the South are still arguing for such a tax, claiming that it would 
do more than anything else to disturb England’s present supremacy 
in the handling of cotton. 
