826 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Potato Sprouts a Success. 
J. C. IL, Nkw Washington, Pa. —In the 
spring of 1892, I received a peck of pota¬ 
toes called the North Pole, which are 
very early. As we cannot plant potatoes 
before about May 1, they will sprout, 
some of the sprouts being four to six 
inches long. Last spring, I thought 1 
would try some of the sprouts, so 1 took 
enough to set 209 hills, setting four plants 
to the hill. 1 set them so that they wei’e 
just about even with the surface. This 
put the roots about six inches in the 
ground, and after they came up, 1 hilled 
them a little. I cut the tubers of some 
potatoes and planted them beside the 
sprouts. The sprouts came on about a 
week earlier than the ones from the seed 
pieces, and were about that much ahead 
all through the season. When digging 
time came, 1 found that the tubers from 
the sprouts were about a half larger than 
the ones from the seed pieces. These seed 
pieces were not the ones from which the 
sprouts were taken. 1 have saved some 
of the tubers from the sprouts for seed, 
and will plant some sprouts from them 
next year and see whether the tubers will 
still increase in size, as they are larger 
from the sprouts this year than any 1 
raised last year. They were also earlier, 
being ready for table use in just six 
weeks from planting. 
peach trees (mail) set out last spring, 
1893, which have made an astonishing 
growth and several bore fruit. I have 
two peach trees (mail) set out in 1892, 
which were heavily loaded and a large 
number were thinned out. When the 
peaches arrived at maturity, the trees 
were a fine sight and the fruit large and 
well flavored. Trees grow nine months 
in the year here, and the climate is so 
favorable that one can plant from the 
nursery one year, and have some fruit 
the following. The same may be .said of 
the vine. 1 set out some French chest¬ 
nuts this year, and (^uite a number of 
trees bore burrs—and one tree had a few 
nuts. The grapes borne on vines set out 
last year, were to a tenderfoot, simply 
magnificent as to size and flavor ; all of 
which we may a.scribe to the effects of 
this <il()riA)Us climate. 
Rotten Eggs for Motes, 
J. L., luviNG, .Mich. —1 buried rotten 
eggs in the mole furrows last summer, 
and not a mole dug another bit there. 
In four different places, it cleared them 
fi'om the garden. I put the eggs in the 
furrow, then pushed the trowel through 
them and there was no odor above the 
ground. Why are they not a good fer¬ 
tilizer ? Try it. 
K. N.-Y.—There is not much fertility 
in an egg. The sub.stances that made 
the awful smell are of little value for 
fertilizer. There is a good illustration 
of the fact that all is not plant food that 
has an offensive odor. 
A Chestnut Problem. 
“ A Hard Road in Sand. ” 
xMiDDLKHUKV, Vt.—I f xM. Y. Wants a 
cheap, good road on sand, he should put 
coarse gravel on the sand, about a foot 
thick. If he get good gravel that will 
pack, he will have a road that will last 
for years. 
R. N.-Y.—.Suppo.se there is no good 
gravel near him. W'hat shall he import f 
Butter or Beef. 
P. B. C. , Catonsvii.i.e, Mh.— The R. N.- 
Y., on page T?.*), asks for information on 
the subject of the profitableness of butter 
or beef, in a four-year-old. 1 once sold a 
four-year-old steer that weighed 900 
pounds, for and shortly afterwards 
we sold a four-year-old cow for $90. The 
cow and steer were both Jerseys—bad 
for the steer and good for the cow. But 
suppose the steer had been a Short-horn, 
had weighed 1,000 pounds, and had 
brought five cents per pound ! This 
would have made but $80; while to the 
favor of the cow must be added two calves 
at $ii each, and a year's butter yield at 
$40. This gives $00 in favor of butter. 
It may be said that this was an excep¬ 
tionally high price for a grade cow. It 
was, but the purchaser was a man who 
would rather pay a high price for a good 
cow, than a low price for a poor cow. 
But even if we strike off" $20 from the 
price of the cow, and $10 fi’om the butter 
yield, we still have a balance of $30 to 
the favor of the cow, while to this must 
be added the difference in the amount of 
feed eaten by the cow and the steer. 
A Big California Grape Story. 
B. M. B., Undine, Cah. —I set out the 
Carman grape vine in the spring of 1893 
in a favorable piece of ground in my 
orchard, which was just then planted. 
It grew with vigor, and in the early 
spring of this J’^ear, I made a frame for it 
to climb upon. It bore over 100 bunches— 
75 of which were made into jelly—the 
rest we ate; the flavor is very fine. 
Owing to the number of bunches allowed 
to remain on the vine, they were not 
very large. The coming year, 1 shall 
trim the vine more closely, and notallow 
so many bunches to remain. The 11. 
N.-Y. is doubtless aware that the .system 
pursued here in raising the vine, follows 
the European standards, but in treating 
the Carman I endeavored to follow the 
American. It would greatly surprise the 
readers of The R. N.-Y. could they see 
trees received by mail one year, set out 
and the next year bear fruit. I have six 
J. M. C., Five Cokneks, N. Y.—1 have 
been much interested in the articles that 
have appeai’ed in The R. N.-Y. from time 
to time on chestnut culture, and in the 
experience of correspondents in prop¬ 
agating the trees, particularly that of a 
correspondent a few weeks since^ who 
had a tree that failed to produce fruit 
from lack of fertilization. It is a gen¬ 
erally conceded fact in this locality, that 
a chestnut tree standing alone will bear 
nothing but burrs. I have a chestnut 
tree grown from a nut planted some 15 
years since. There is no other tree of 
the species, I think, within a mile. It 
annually bears bushels of burrs, but not 
more than from 10 to 20 nuts each year, 
and those on the extremities of the 
branches in the top of the tree. What 1 
can't understand is, that if an individual 
tree has the power of reproduction, why 
it would not produce more largely and 
the nuts be more generally distributed 
through the tree. 
Another Early Cosmos. 
A. W. Smith, Amkricus, Ga. —II. N. 
Smith, page 747, may have “an extra early 
Cosmos,” but another Smith is on the 
same line. In striving to perfect a double 
Cosmos (which I am now satisfied cannot 
be perpetuated, if attained, except from 
cuttings, as when full double they ma- 
tui'e few, if any, perfect seeds.) I pre¬ 
served seed from the blooms which most 
nearly approached the double, and 
planted them this year. My memoran¬ 
dum of results reads : “ Seeds planted 
under glass, February 8, and transplanted 
to field in March. Bloomed April 15, and 
seed gathered Ma^'^ 8. Plant 18 inches 
high.” A freeze coming on in March, 
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these iilants were entirely covered with 
earth, and kept so for more than a week, 
which retarded all and destroyed some. 
The blooms were of the same size as the 
pure white or Pearl and were white. If 
they had been left under glass, or the 
freeze had not come, they would have 
bloomed in March. If I had not so fre¬ 
quently come so near getting what I 
ivanted, and then been set back for years, 
when striving to fix a new thing, I would 
be elated at securing this result; but next 
season may show that the seed saved will 
grow seven feet and not bloom until 
September. Still, so far, I have regular 
size blooms earlier than any one else, 
and the only dwarf plants. May their 
stature grow less rather than greater. 
THE BEST OF THE HARDY EVERGREENS. 
Now is just the time that we would 
like to have our friends study hardy 
evergreen trees so that they may be able 
to select next spring tho.se best suited to 
their climate. Spring—early spring—is 
the time to plant; never in the fall or 
late summer as many advise. At any 
rate that is our judgment. We write 
only from experience. Upon our own 
grounds we would not hesitate to trans¬ 
plant in June, July, August, September, 
October or November. The evergreen 
needs a constant supply of moisture. 
That is the whole story in a few words. 
Were it desirable, we would not hesitate 
to move any coniferous tree from one 
lilace to another in our own grounds 
during July or August. But we would 
be mighty careful to preserve all—or 
most—of the roots and as much of the 
soil as we could in the transfer. Then, 
if the weather were dry, we would, after 
compacting the soil thoroughly about 
the roots in its new home, water it copi¬ 
ously and mulch a circle not less than 
three feet in diameter heavily with pine 
needles, straw, old manure, grass, or 
loose refuse substance of almost any 
kind. The tree would live. But if, dur¬ 
ing the warm, dry weather of summer, 
the roots of an evergreen be exposed to 
the air; if it be taken up carelessly, with¬ 
out adhering soil and planted without 
the care we have above noted, it will die 
in nine cases out of ten. Transplant 
evergreens [in this climate] as soon as the 
soil can be worked, is the rule The 
R. N.-Y. would impress upon its readers. 
A deciduous tree may be transplanted at 
any time, during the period of leafless¬ 
ness. But an evergreen is never without 
its leaves. The leaves depend upon the 
roots for support. If the roots cannot 
act, the leaves mu.st die which means the 
death of the tree. 
Again, never remove the lower or low¬ 
est branches of an evergreen. They will 
never be replaced. Gone for once, they 
are always gone. I’rune from the top. 
Cut in, or back, the lower branches if 
you wish, but preserve them. An ever¬ 
green with its lower branches removed 
is shorn of its most telling beauty. The 
branches should rest upon the ground, 
and to secure this, the tree should be 
pruned from the top downward. A 
stocky, luxuriant growth may be insured 
in this way, and in no other. 
The Weeping HExMlock. —Sixteen years 
ago, our Weeping hemlock was purchased 
from the old firm of R. B. Parsons «fe Co., 
(no longer in existence) of Flushing, L. I. 
It was planted near the house in dry soil 
in a southeastern exposure. It could not 
stand the heat and dryness, as was 
plainly shown by the injury to the leaves 
both in summer and winter. It was re¬ 
moved to its present place, which is lower 
and moister, two or three years after. 
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