6 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
How to Keep Dynamite. 
J. Q. A., Oungah, Ont. —In answer to 
J. VV. B., page 801, in regard to dynamite, 
it is true that very high-grade dynamite, 
when kept at a warm temperature for 
several months, will become very oily 
on the bottom side of the cartridge, 
and dryer on the top side, and is, of 
course, more easily exploded. This is 
easily prevented by turning the dynamite 
or the box containing it when necessary. 
Dynamite made now is not as liable to soak 
down as when it was first made in this 
country. I know only of that made on 
the Pacific coast, but suppose it is made 
the same everywhere. 
Pansies in December. 
T. C. F., Sheridan, Ind. —This is the 
loth day of December. This is central 
Indiana. Nothing unustial about that ? 
Perhaps not, but it is something unusual 
to be able to gather a bouquet of outdoor 
grown pansies on that day in that State ; 
yet that is what I did to-day. They had 
no extra care except extra-rich soil, and 
the partial shade and protection of a 
large evergreen. They have been bloom¬ 
ing all summer. The thermometer has 
been down to 12 degrees above zero. I 
call it a hardy pansy that does not freeze 
the bloom out. 
How Japan Plums Fruit. 
J. W. S.. IIooksburg, O.—In answer to 
an inquiry regarding the fruiting of the 
Japan plums, The R. N.-Y., on page 77G, 
1894, says that they do not bear their 
fruit on last year’s woocl, like peaches, 
but ‘ ‘ on small spurs and upon the very 
ends of the branches of from one to three 
years’ growth.” If the editor will again 
examine his Japan plum trees, he will 
find fruit buds, not only on the small 
spurs, but also on the last year’s wood 
the same as on peaches. This dual 
arrangement of fruit buds on both spurs 
and last year’s wood, holds good, not 
only with the Japan plums, but also with 
the Chiclcasaws. 
Nut Trees and Fruit. 
J. P., Wawa, Pa.—I see an inquiry 
about nut trees and fruit trees. My 
father, some 45 years since, planted an 
apple orchard on one edge of which 
stood a small walnut tree (black). Not 
an apple tree lived within 100 feet of the 
walnut, and not one died beyond that 
limit. Has any subscriber ever seen 
bearing fruit trees where walnut trees 
of any variety were standing ? I saw an 
inquiry about grafting pear suckers in 
The R. N.-Y. I would say, don’t. Such 
stock will graft, but these same trees, 
when replanted, will sucker. Such an 
orchard is of no value. 
Getting Rid of Old Trees. 
E. B. W., Newton, I a. —What is the 
best way to get rid of the old apple tree 
stumps ? is asked in a recent R. N.-Y. 
Grub out the trees while you have 
the top to help pry the stump out. I 
once thought that there was no way 
but to cut the frees down and let the 
stumps rot. That grubbing was very 
wearisome. A hired man who was reared 
in the “ brush,” and who dearly loved to 
swing an axe or mattock, taught me bet¬ 
ter. By the way, 1 am not above learning 
from a hired man. When a man’s back 
gets limbered up to it, and he learns 
how to use the mattock to advantage, 
trees can be taken out quite cheaply. 
Simply go down around the tree, and 
cut off all side roots. Most of the work 
is done with the mattock. The axe is 
used on the large roots. Very likely 
when this is done, the tree will fall over. 
But if there be a tap root, the tree must 
be strained over while it is being cut. 
For the 45-year-old apple trees, the best 
plan is to get a long rope, tie one end 
high up in the tree, pass the other end 
through a pulley which is fastened near 
the ground to another tree, hitch a team 
to this end, and let them pull while one 
man cuts at the roots still remaining in 
the ground. Really it is not very much 
more work than cutting the trees down, 
and then when it is done the stumps are 
out and the ground is cleared. 
That "Model Middleman.” 
W. B. G., Ogdensburg, N. Y.—I do not 
trouble The R. N.-Y. very often with an 
airing of my cranky ideas, but I think 
the time has about come that I must 
“ kick agin” your advice to the corres¬ 
pondent from Pennsylvania, on page 781. 
In the first place, I do not see any chance 
to find fault with any honest middleman, 
and the farmer that ships his goods 
without first knowing to what kind of a 
man he is shipping, gets no sympathy 
from me when he gets bitten. 1 know 
of no law that compels me to ship to him 
if I do not think it for my interest. And 
I further know of several middlemen who 
wish that the poor, downtrodden farm¬ 
ers had not sold them their turkeys this 
fall to be taken to Boston and sold for 
two or three cents per pound less than 
was paid for them. 
Now the man from Pennsylvania is all 
right in his venture to move to town and 
be his own salesman, if the farm is 
large and productive enough to support 
two families at home, and one in town : 
but if not, what then ? It will not do 
for him to see a few of his old neighbors 
and tell them to ship their farm produce 
to him and he will sell it for the best 
price he can, keeping a small commission 
to enable him to stay in town, and let 
the boys try another year on the farm. 
For then he would become one of those 
horrid middlemen. lie must, if he has a 
bank account, draw on that to make up 
for what the farm failed to do, or go 
back to it with an additional load, to dig 
out of the old farm that did not satisfy 
him before he took the boys in as part¬ 
ners. My advice to any one contem¬ 
plating such a move is to wait one year 
until this man makes his first report, and 
see if that shows that every well reg¬ 
ulated farm situated as this one is, can 
support-what? I call him a middle¬ 
man ; doubtless The R. N.-Y. would call 
him a relative. 
Fruits in a Cold Country. 
east corner of the State, and 100 miles 
farther north than the northern boundary 
of any other State east of the great lakes; 
yet perhaps the climate is no colder here 
than in Dr. Hoskins’s vicinity. The ther¬ 
mometer usually registers 40 below zero 
at least once during the winter. 
ARIES ( TSUGA> CANADENSIS MACR0PHYLLA. 
The Large-leaved hemlock is not very 
well known, and is rarely seen outside 
of collections of conifers which make 
some pretensions to variety. The leaves 
are twice as broad as those of the Com¬ 
mon hemlock and of a much darker color. 
It is of slow growth, and never, in so 
far as the writer is informed, attains to 
a size that places it outside of the limit 
of dwarf evergreens. Our specimen was 
planted some 20 years ago, the plant then 
being a foot in height. Three years ago, 
it was necessary to transplant it to es¬ 
cape the injury which contact with other 
trees would have caused. It is now seven 
feet tall, of a regular, broadly conical 
shape. This tree grows in a moist place, 
where it has never sustained the slight¬ 
est injury, either from heat or cold. It 
has not the feathery grace of its parent, 
the Common hemlock. In fact, it is 
rather a somber, stocky, little tree that 
is valuable because of its notable differ¬ 
ences from other hemlocks. It is one of 
those evergreen trees of small stature 
which, besides being valuable as a mem¬ 
ber of a collection, is especially desirable 
for home-grounds of small extent—say 
from a city lot to an acre. 
An interesting companion to the Large- 
leaved hemlock is the Small-leaved hem¬ 
lock, Microphylla, the leaves of which 
are as much smaller than the species as 
those of the Large-leaved are larger, 
though it is of faster growth and the 
leaves and spray have all the airiness of 
the Common hemlock. 
Alcock’s Spruce is one of the first coni¬ 
fers we would select for grounds of one 
acre or more in extent. Its habit is far 
more symmetrical than that of the Nor¬ 
way, and it is in every way a finer tree. 
It is a longer-lived tree, hardier and, it is 
thought, retains its lower foliage longer. 
This, however, is not positively known, 
because it is still a rare species in culti¬ 
vation. It is from Japan. The foliage 
is a rather pale green, much lighter 
underneath, giving it a changeable color 
of great beauty. 
The Colorado Blue Spruce is rapidly 
earning a well-deserved popularity be¬ 
cause of its bluish or sage, or steel-col¬ 
ored leaves. But there are Blue spruces 
and Blue spruces, or rather spruces that 
are not blue. Some are as dark as the 
Norway. We need, therefore, to select 
the young trees or order them of those 
whom we may trust to select for us. It 
is thought that the Blue spruce, while 
hardier than the Norway, is longer lived 
and will longer retain its lower foliage. 
Among the firs, as has been intimated, 
we would choose Nordmann’s and Con- 
color. The latter is said to be perfectly 
hardy, while the former is less so. The 
leaves of our specimen of Concolor are 
as “blue” as those of the Blue spruce. 
PORTY MILLION CAKES YEARLY. 
E. W. M., IIoulton, Me.—T he Agawam 
blackberry is hardy here, seldom failing 
to bear a good crop of fine fruit. Snyder 
winterkills. Turner and Marlboro rasp¬ 
berries are hardy; Cuthbert is not. There 
are a few top-worked pears Ion sound 
wood) of the Flemish Beauty, but they 
cannot be said to be hardy. We have no 
hardy pear except the Russian varieties. 
The Ogon, Ogden, Satsuma, Burbank and 
one Russian variety of plums, have lived 
through several of our winters unpro¬ 
tected and uninjured ; all others are 
tender ; not even the M core’s Arctic can 
stand up through the winter where cul¬ 
tivated. We have but few curculios 
here, and none in the northern part of the 
county, and but little black knot. Over 
3,000 bushels of plums were raised here 
last year, mostly Moore’s Arctic. We need 
a home market. Could they be canned, 
cured or dried in any way to make it 
profitable ? My nursery is in the north- 
'lUisrcHanrous §UvMi£in0. 
IN writing to advertisers, please always mention 
The Rural New-Yorker 
When Others Fail 
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Hood’s Sarsa - 
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by modern methods, 
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Hood’s Pills are purely vegetable. 25c. 
’■HE P'OCTEt r. UAMELE CO.. CIN’TI. 
Krtab’d] JACKSON BROS. pw* 
H. Y. STATE DRAIN TILE AND PIPE WORKS, 
76 Third Avenue, ALBANY, N. Y. 
ROUND 
and SOLE 
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Salt Glared Pipe, Fiit 
Brick and OemenL 
MQ 
ORiYJNQ still leads them all. 
IT WILL OONTROL TM I MOST 
Dl l VIOIOU8 HORSI. 
75,000 «old In 1891. 
100,00C ^old In 1892. 
THEY ARE KING. 
Sample mailed X C for #1 H rt 
Nickel, $1.50. *I>UU 
Stallion Bits SOcts. extra. 
.ACINE MALLEABLE IRON CO. 
BEFORE 
harness for $7; a team harness 
for $16. You can buy by mail as 
_ well as though here in person, 
l'0.,Mfr*., No. |0 CliurcU SL, Owegu, N.Y. 
METAL 
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for your 
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Any size you want, 20 
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Mention this paper. 
Sykes Iron & Steel Roofing Co., Chicago and Niles, 0. 
CANNING 
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D. G. TRENCH CO., Chicago, Ill., 
and Farnham, N. Y. Mention this paper. 
Cider Machinery.—Send for catalogue to Boomer & 
Boschert Press Co.. 118 West Water St., Syracuse, N.Y. 
CIDER PRESS 
BUYING A NEW HARNESS 
Sendjicent stamp for 80 page Illustrated 
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HYDRAULICS 
m 
pc 
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Send for free catalogue 
and full particulars. 
HYDRAULIC PRESS 
MFG.C0. No.4 Main St. 
j 
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f-iJ wholesale prices. Why not buy 
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Ml 
Mt. Gilead, Ohio. 
SITUATION WANTEr£Xrr™S 
superintendent, who has been with me several years, 
and who I found unusually competent and reliable. 
Please apply Fordyce S. Caldwell, 2 Wall St., N.Y. 
JAMES RIVER FARM 
Containing 372 Acres, near Richmond. 
185 acres productive bottom land. Frame house. 8 rooms, 
halls, porches and cellar. Terms very easy. Free cata¬ 
logue containing many bargains. 
R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Richmond, Va. 
Virginia Farms for Sale. 
500 improved and unimproved fr/ms; 500 town lots 
and Villa sites. Will give the best bargains in the 
South. Claremont is a growing town on James River 
Cl CITIZENS e LAND B. L. & D. CO., Claremont, Va. 
