24 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
THE 
Rural New-Yorker. 
THE BUSINESS FARMERS' PAPER 
A National Weekly Journal for Country and Suburban Homes. 
Established 1850. Copyrighted 1895 
Et.bekt S. Carman, Editor-in-Chief. 
Herbert W. Coli.ingwood, Managing Editor. 
John J. Dillon, Business Manager. 
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means of transmitting money. 
Address all business communications and make all orders pay¬ 
able to TH E RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
Corner Chambers and Pearl Streets, New York. 
SATURDAY. JANUARY 12. 1895. 
There have been so many questions asked about 
dynamite, that we have found it necessary to talk 
about the use of that lively substance. The men who 
discuss it this week have used lots of it in mine and 
quarry, and ought to know what they are talking 
about, it is enough to make a nervous person jump 
to think about dynamite, much less handle it without 
proper instructions. 
O 
The most striking difference between a “ balanced 
ration ” for cows, and men. is that the former require 
but a small amount of pure fat, while the latter need 
about as much of this substance as of muscle-makers. 
The much more extensive digestive apparatus of the 
cow, gives her time to make a better use of the fat- 
formers. Humans need the more digestible fat in 
larger proportions. The laying hen produces an egg 
—which contains only muscle-makers and pure fat. 
It is not hard to see from that why a ration contain¬ 
ing meat or skim-milk is valuable as an egg-producer. 
O 
One of the greatest of the apple-growing counties 
of western New York, is Wayne County. This fruit 
is certainly a money crop there this year. In addition 
to the great quantities of apples shipped direct from 
the orchards, and other quantities in store for later 
markets, local authorities estimate that during the 
season now just about closed, 1,000,000 bushels, in 
round numbers, were evaporated, making a product 
worth something like a half million dollars. This is 
not bad, especially as it comes mostly from inferior 
fruit. This is not a very large county, either. Fruit 
evaporators are great saving institutions. 
G 
A farmer had 10 chickens to sell. Chickens have 
been selling for a low price per pound. Corn has 
been selling for a high price per bushel. Still chicken 
has been, and is, much higher, pound for pound, than 
corn. The butcher wished to purchase the farmer’s 
chickens, lie would give him eight cents per pound, 
live weight, for them. The farmer agreed. Being a 
kind-hearted man. he gave the chickens a good square 
meal of corn before delivering them. The heartless 
butcher objected, lie finally took the chickens, but 
deducted 334 pounds, the weight of the corn found in 
the 10 crops. Thus are the kindly impulses of humane 
men ruthlessly discouraged. 
O 
We are glad Mr. Jamison has started the experi¬ 
ment he tells us about on page 20. Here we have a 
line illustration of the condition in which many grain 
and stock farms are to be found to-day. Clover and 
stable manure have been the forms in which fertility 
has been added. In other words, an excess of nitrogen 
has been applied year after year. There has not 
been enough potash and phosphoric acid brought to 
the farm to balance the extra nitrogen brought in 
with the stable manure, and assimilated by the 
clover. Mr. Jamison thinks that the wheat lodges 
because some property in the soil is lacking. Not 
necessarily. An excess of nitrogen will whip a plant 
into a quick and luxuriant growth, that will lack 
strength, not because the other elements were lack¬ 
ing, but because the nitrogen was so g-reatly in ex¬ 
cess that the plant was unduly forced in its earlier 
stages of growth. The logical treatment for such 
land is to do what Mr. Jamison is doing, viz., add 
potash and phosphoric acid enough to balance the 
plant’s ration. This is what The R. N.-Y. has often 
advocated. In fact, we have argued in favor of adding 
muriate of potash and ground bone to every load of 
stable manure. Stockmen have been slow to see the 
point—viz., that when they sell animal products and 
grow clover, they may gain in nitrogen, but surely 
lose in potash and phosphoric acid. See what Mr. 
Jamison says that he will gain if the chemicals will 
ake the place of the purchased manure ! 
O 
On page 704 of last year’s R. N.-Y., we had a letter 
from a reader in Onondaga County, N. Y., about the 
creamery shark. That fiend was foiled in his game 
of locating a creamery at an exorbitant price, but 
he now threatens to sue the farmers who were to 
form the company, for 825 forfeit money. Tiie R. N.-Y. 
has engaged a lawyer to look into this case, and will 
fight this claim of the shark in a way that will sur¬ 
prise him. If he attempts to collect that money, he 
will have his evil deeds blazoned befoi’e the public in 
a way that will dull his teeth for a long time. VVe 
have no patience left with this rogue, and if we once 
get him into court, we will give him the greatest ad¬ 
vertisement of his life. 
G 
England has a law governing the sale of food stuffs 
somewhat similar to that controlling the fertilizer 
trade in this country. In England, feed dealers must 
give a guaranteed analysis with all the products offered 
for sale—showing the amounts of digestible muscle- 
makers, fat-formers and fat. Asa result, dealers seem 
to be making mixtures of different grains. For ex¬ 
ample, we find one mixture largely advertised guaran¬ 
teed to contain 22 per cent of muscle-makers, 38 of 
fat-formers, and 11 of pure fat. This is probably a 
mixture of cotton-seed and old-process linseed meals, 
with possibly some corn meal and ground oats. This 
mixture is better than any single substance, but why 
should not farmers buy the different ingredients, put 
them before the cow in the proper proportions, and 
let tier do the mixing ? 
Q 
We are glad to see a movement started looking to 
the improvement of our consular service abroad. This 
country has been too much in the habit of sending 
mere politicians or literary men, out of a job, to rep¬ 
resent us in foreign countries. Other nations do not 
send such men to our country. It would be better to 
send good business men who could do something to 
help our foreign trade. As the bulk of our export 
trade is in agricultural products, we ought to have 
foreign representatives who know something of the 
trade in these products. The time has gone by when 
our representatives in Europe must be immigration 
agents or “ ornaments.” We have about all the immi¬ 
grants we need, and most of us care very little what 
Europe thinks of American “culture.” More profit 
in grain culture would suit us better. 
O 
The receipts of poultry in this market during the 
past year, show that the Business Hen is scratching 
with both feet. Durihg 1894, 300 more car-loads of 
live poultry were received in this market than duriij^>- 
the preceding year, the total being 1,4(58. Of these, 
the West made the greatest gain, sending 1,1(53 car¬ 
loads. Arrivals of dressed poultry showed a large in¬ 
crease, also, 419,186 packages, against 366,362 the pre¬ 
vious year. The surplus yet in the country is also 
thought to be considerably larger that one year ago. 
There has also been a large increase in the receipts of 
eggs. The number of barrels arriving was smaller, 
but the increase in the number of cases was large. 
It's not manyyears ago that about all the eggs arrived 
in barrels ; but the number is growing smaller each 
year, and the prediction is made that in a few years, 
barrels will be abandoned entirely. The receipts of 
both poultry and eggs from Canada, cut a small figure 
in this market. 
O 
Prof. W. O. Atwater, in his valuable work on 
“ Economy of Food,” quotes Sir Henry Thompson, the 
great English physician as follows : 
I have come to the conclusion that more than half the disease 
which embitters the middle and latter part of life, is due to avoid¬ 
able errors in diet and that more mischief in the form of actual 
disease, of impaired vigor and of shortened life accrues to civil¬ 
ized man in England and throughout central Europe from erron¬ 
eous habits of eating, than from the habitual use of alcoholic 
drink, considerable as I know that evil to be. 
Every one knows the temperance principles of The R. 
N.-Y. We fully realize the terrible extent of the 
liquor drinking curse ; still we are not much inclined 
to dispute that statement. Indeed, we fully believe 
that the effect of the continued eatrng of poorly 
cooked, and poorly balanced food, has driven many to 
the use of stimulants. The importance of this matter 
of compounding “ a square meal,” has grown upon us 
as we investigated the subject. If the health of the 
house folks is not as important as that of the barn 
residents, we want to know why. The first thing for 
you to ask yourself is—where do 1 obtain the 125 
grams of muscle-makers I need every day ? When 
you come to think what you are eating, and look up 
its analysis, the chances are that you will find that 
you either do not get enough, or else eat a great sur¬ 
plus of fat-formers along with it. Try that investi¬ 
gation ! 
G 
Four years ago, The R. N.-Y. had considerable to 
say about the possibilities of selling “ sterilized” milk, 
or milk heated to a temperature that would destroy 
its bacteria and thus prolong its keeping. At that 
time, we suggested to several experiment stations the 
importance of this matter, and asked them to investi¬ 
gate it. We had hoped that they would devise some 
cheap and practical arrangement for doing the work. 
We now learn that the Wisconsin Station has about 
perfected an apparatus for “ Pasteurizing” milk by the 
application of heat, so that it will keep at least a week. 
We don’t care what name the process goes by—any 
simple device that will give sweet milk a whole week 
of life will vastly increase the dairy business. It will 
prove a far greater boon than the anti-oleo decision. 
It is remarkable that this new device should follow 
the Babcock test from the Wisconsin Station. Of 
course we shall tell our readers all about it in due 
time. 
G 
BREVITIES. 
Now, Governor Morton, 
We trust you have “ caught on ” 
To the fact that our great State “ department ” 
Is not earning its salt; 
There it stands at a halt. 
It is time that they knew, sir, what start meant. 
Oh, Governor Morton, 
The future is fraughten 
With a prospect, sir, very alarming. 
Agriculture is doomed— 
When it ought to be boomed— 
With a lawyer to regulate farming. 
So, Governor Morton, 
We trust you will shorten 
The time of these drones, though they’ll kill hard. 
We want a new man, 
And we don’t think you can 
Find a better than Sam’l D. Willard. 
What’s the anti-toxine for laziness ? 
How can warm heart and cold feet go together ? 
When does Nature sow grass seeds ? When do you ? 
Comfort and cold must have a partition between them. 
“ Family jars” will make your children cross-bred stock. 
Plant your New Year’s plans the long way of your life so you 
can follow them out. 
“ Crop bound ! ”— a field well set in Crimson clover and a good 
farmer to manage it. 
Wasting his muscle-makers and nursing lice ! The man who 
nails down a poultry roost. 
Our friend saves his big apple in that sour smelling silo, page 
31. It was whole corn cut green. 
Why does an experienced reader always know when a practica 
article is written by an actual farmer ? 
The “hang on” principle is good, but don’t forget that the in¬ 
ability to give up a bad cause has ruined many. 
Better make one promise and stick to it than to make 100 and 
break 99 of them. The total would not be the same. 
Going to let that boy grow up in ignorance of the way to handle 
saw, plane and chisel ? Why don’t you cut off one of his fingers 
and done with it ? 
A “ square meal ” is three-sided, with muscle-makers, fat- 
formers and fat for the sides. The angle is made by the length of 
the muscle-makers. 
One thing you must make a great big fight for this year and that 
is your “ word.” Strange to say, most of this fight will have to be 
directed against yourself. 
Stuff a “ forkful” of hay into a bag and weigh it. Also weigh 
a “ measure ” each of corn meal, bran, cotton seed or shorts. 
Then see how you miss the mark by such feeding. 
Notice what Mr. Harris says about wild turkey blood in his 
Hock—page 31. A few drops of that hardy blood will beat a barrel 
of medicine in giving your young birds a vigorous constitution. 
Nature gave you a special organ for secreting and holding the 
gall in your system. If there is any in your heart or in your 
tongue it is out of place and will poison your life sooner or later. 
More muscle-makers in a pound of beans than in a pound of 
beef! Therefore all should eat beans for economy’s sake ! Oh, 
no ! Luckily there are things besides mere chemical analysis 
to be considered. 
A man might make an argument to show that it hurts a colt to 
have the children make a pet of it, but he can’t prove the same 
thing of a heifer calf. A cow is coaxed—not driven—to her best 
performance. 
Laying hens kept warm and comfortable will, it is said, leave 
almost all other kinds of food to help themselves from a dish of 
cut green bone. What would be the effect of feeding such hens 
almost entirely on cut bone with a little cotton-seed meal and 
potatoes or roots for bulk ? 
Ever see a person strike a metal article and hold it to the ear 
to listen to the “ring?” When it rings true we know it is sound. 
How easily we can detect a flaw or crack in that way. How fool¬ 
ish a man is not to realize that his words and promises ring true 
or false to those who have investigated him. 
Why did those New Hampshire cows fall off in their milk yield 
when first fed ensilage ? We think it was less the fault of the 
ensilage than of the manner of-feeding it. We will agree to take 
a cow out of winter quarters aud turn her right into rich pasture 
in such a way that her milk will at first “fall off.” Will that prove 
that pasture is bad for cows? 
Many peoople think that a good sod plowed under in good con¬ 
dition will help a crop in case of drought. How does it help it ? 
By holding moisture if at all. If the land is rolled so that the sod 
is well packed down, it will hold moisture. If, however, it is left 
loose so that the dry air can easily circulate through, it will lose 
moisture because it permits the air to take it away. 
