THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
.Tune 1 
378 
MORE CRIMSON CLOVER REPORTS. 
GOOD, BAD AND INDIFFERENT. 
A Bad New Jersey Winter. 
Remembering- the advice of True R. N.-Y. to 
limit the outlay of money, land and labor when 
experimenting, I sowed 15 pounds of native- 
grown seed on a scant acre of ground in 1894. 
The season was dry during August and Septem¬ 
ber, and the seed did not come up before Septem¬ 
ber 15. The ground was fairly well covered by 
winter. The winter of ’94-’95 saw the mercury 
the lowest for a number of years, and April of 
this year showed only a fringe of clover under 
the lee of fences remaining. One of my neigh¬ 
bors had a similar experience, excepting that the 
seed was sown earlier than mine and on moiatler 
ground, with the result of a much better stand of 
the plant in the fall. Very little was left this 
spring of the clover, and that little of no value for 
fertilizing purposes in plowing under. It is quite 
probable that Crimson clover as an auxiliary to 
the barnyard, will be abandoned in this locality. 
A mild, open winter would likely have resulted 
differently, but wh.it “goose bone” can be ob¬ 
tained so unerring in its indications as to enable 
the experimenter to decide when to sow and when 
not to sow. Winter oats were a great crop suc¬ 
cess on my first trial, and a total freeze out on the 
second; the different results represent the differ¬ 
ence in the temperature during the first and 
second winters. A. t. t. 
Franklin Park, N. J. 
Curious Behavior at Hammonton, N. J. 
I have been an enthusiastic believer in Crimson 
clover. Two summers ago, I plowed under an old 
strawberry patch which had been well fertilized 
for two or more years, sowed it to Crimson clover, 
and the results were miraculous. On one acre, I 
pastured two cows from early in September until 
some time in November, when I considered it too 
cold to have them out, and they were always full. 
On that same piece the next spring, I cut five two- 
horse loads of hay, and as there was an easterly 
wind, I was over a week curing it. I put it in the 
barn a little green at that, fearing trouble from it. 
I salted it heavily, and watched the sweating part 
very closely. Such hay you never saw ! Horses 
eat it before they eat their corn, cows are crazy 
for it, and always give more milk when fed on it. 
After I cut the hay, I plowed the sod under and 
planted corn, and the result was grand, good 
corn, for this section. This spring I set it to 
strawberries, and for spring-set, they look well. 
I planned to sow every available spot to Crimson 
clover. I sowed three bushels of seed, and, as for 
results, this spring I feel sick. I sowed it at 
various times from the middle of August till 
September 20, and the last sown is the best. This 
is between peach trees. I need the hay badly, but 
I feel that I must plow that under, as I sowed it 
for the trees. I sowed 2% acres of corn to Crim¬ 
son clover about the middle of August; it came 
up well for such a dry time, but it neither died 
nor grew, so when I out the corn, I covered it with 
stable manure. It picked up a little, and this 
spring I applied a high-grade fertilizer. In spots 
it is good, but in larger spots it is a trifle larger 
than it was last fall, and just sending out a head. 
I shall cut the best, and plow the poor under, and 
look for good corn. About August 20, I dug up 
about two acres of blackberries, and plowed and 
seeded to Crimson clover. In one corner I experi¬ 
mented with nitrate of soda, added to the high- 
grade- fertilizer I used; the catch was good and 
made a good growth last fall, but this spring, it 
just stood still or grew to about six inches and 
then began to head, except that corner which had 
the extra nitrate of soda, which stands about a 
foot high, and is heading nicely. I also sowed an 
acre of millet with Crimson clover. It came up 
scattering, but as I cut millet high, the stubble 
left protected the clover, and it is very good, what 
there is of it. I intend to cut the best of it that is 
in the open field, plant the sod to corn, and expect 
to grow good corn. I sowed from 20 to 30 pounds 
of seed to the acre. While the results of this year 
are discouraging to me, I shall not give it up, be¬ 
cause I have seen what it has done for me, and I 
shall try again, as last winter was an exception¬ 
ally cold one. L. m. p. 
Must Be Fed in Virginia. 
In September, 1893, I sowed two pieces to Crim¬ 
son clover, one after a crop of potatoes, the other 
after a crop of sowed corn. The potato ground 
nad a good application of barnyard manure be¬ 
fore the potatoes were planted, and the corn 
ground had no manure. Both pieces were sowed 
with Crimson clover at the same time; both came 
up well, and upon the approach of winter, the 
clover upon the corn ground looked the best. That 
upon the potato ground, was occupied by the hens 
and turkeys for a pasture all winter, as the win¬ 
ter was an open one. When spring came, there 
was no clover left on the corn ground, as the frost 
had heaved it all out, and it was dead; while that 
upon the potato ground made an excellent crop. 
Not discouraged with this, I again sowed the 
same piece that was winterkilled, in September, 
1894, and also another piece alongside of this that 
we had in potatoes, a portion of which had been 
used for garden purposes and had been manured 
with barnyard manure. All of this land lies neag 
a stream of water. On that portion which was 
used for garden purposes and for potatoes, the 
clover looks well, as it is just coming into bloom, 
and bids fair for a good crop, while that upon the 
other piece was again winterkilled. The ther¬ 
mometer registered two degrees above zero the 
past winter. Had I sowed the clover seed only 
upon the one piece that had no fertilizing material 
upon it, might I not have made the claim that the 
winters were too severe even here for the success¬ 
ful raising of Crimson clover ? It may be that 
something lacking about the soil, is the reason of 
so much being winterkilled. I am satisfied that 
that is the case with mine, and I think that one of 
the lacks is vegetable fiber to hold the particles of 
soil together, and thus be able to bold the clover 
roots down in the soil. Another lack is plenty of 
manure. a. h. b. 
Vienna, Va. 
[R. N.-Y. We are glad to have it made clear 
that the glover needs food; also that fall pastur¬ 
ing will not hurt it.] 
Rich Land and a Volunteer Crop. 
Crimson clover sown on or before the first week 
in September, generally made a good stand, and 
went into the winter promising well. In exposed 
places, the March weather froze it out. Generally 
it passed through the severe winter fairly well, 
and was green in the spring. But owing to the 
extremely dry spring, it has made very little 
growth, and at this writing, May 13, is only about 
six inches high, and the heads are not much 
larger than beans. I intend to leave a part sown 
in corn stubble, and see what it will amount to 
by June 10. Where it was sown in rich ground, 
it made the best stand, and stood the winter the 
best. In a young peach orchard, liberally ferti¬ 
lized with bone meal and muriate of potash about 
the trees, the stand of the clover showed very dis¬ 
tinctly where the fertilizer was sown. I dis¬ 
tributed about 75 bushels of Crimson clover seed 
in this township last fall, and it will have an ex¬ 
tensive trial; but as the greater part was sown 
after September 15, the test will not be a fair one. 
Our winter was unusually severe, and it is a sur¬ 
prise that any of the clover withstood it. I expect 
to sow it extensively next fall, and from August 
1 to 15. My last stand is a volunteer crop in a 
peach orchard where I had a fine stand of 
Crimson clover last year, and allowed a strip 
of about 12 inches wide to remain and go to 
seed between each row of trees. After the 
seed matured, the orchard was cultivated, and 
the seed from these strips, which were 16 feet 
apart, thoroughly seeded the ground. The seed 
germinated about the last of August, and made 
a better stand and growth than any other I have. 
Benton Harbor, Mich. J. h. l. 
Didn’t Know It Was an Annual. 
I got Crimson clover seed from England 12 years 
ago, but as I did not know that it was an annual, 
I sowed it in the spring. It did not branch, but 
headed out, and I cut it thinking to get a second 
growth for seed ; but it died, so I lost the seed. 
But in 1893, learning that it should be sown in 
the fall, I sowed about one acre, about one-half 
September 1, and one-half October 1. The first 
one-half acre was very .good, over three feet high, 
and I cut about one-third of it for early feed, and 
got four ox-cart loads from the rest for seed ; 
this I thrashed by band, sowed two bushels of 
the chaff per acre, and got enough to seed 90 acres 
from lias than one-half acre. The other one-half 
acre I plowed under, as the stand was poor; but 
I wish that I had left it, as it branched 90 stalks 
per seed. It also self-seeded, by running the sod 
cutter over it after taking the seed off. I have 40 
acres on the farm this year, and sold 50 two- 
bushel bags of seed last fall. It was a hard win¬ 
ter for it, so that it has headed out short this 
year. It did not winterkill, but was late starting 
this spring, so that it is not half so tall as it 
should be. I sowed it from July in the corn field, 
until sweet potatoes were dug in October, on all 
land under cultivation. It has to be cut for seed 
while damp, as it shatters very easily. Thrash 
it with a four-tined fork by throwing it up and 
striking it as it comes down against the pile you 
are thrashing. Sow it on any land under culti¬ 
vation at the last working, at the rate of two 
bushels of chaff to the acre, and do not cover, as 
it will lie on the ground until the first rains, and 
then all grow, and the plants will stand the hot 
sun better than those from the clean seed. I in¬ 
tend to save about 16 acres for seed, and shall 
plow under four or five acres for potatoes and 
corn; the rest will be cut for hay. I have been 
feeding it green for two weeks, and I shall sow 
100 acres this fall. c. h. c. 
Warsaw, Va. 
Couldn't Kill It in Oregon. 
After reading The R. N.-Y.’s Crimson clover 
articles last year, I determined to try it in my 
prune and pear orchards of heavy clay soil. I 
ordered several bushels of seed, but, unfortu¬ 
nately, it diid not arrive till late in October, and it 
was nearly November before we got it all sown. 
Nevertheless, it made its appearance, but not 
strong enough to stand a ©old snap and sleet- 
storm of three days’ duration, which covered the 
ground with an inch of ice. Much to my surprise, 
however, 1 have noticed a good many Crimson 
heads above the grass, which is all plowed under 
now that the trees have done blooming. It con¬ 
vinces me sufficiently to give it another thorough 
trial; but I shall have the seed here, just as soon 
as it is ready to ship from Delaware. I shall sow 
it in early September, so that it will get a start 
with our first fall rains. Crimson clover is un¬ 
questionably the “ thing ” for heavy clay soil 
orchards. h. e. d. 
Hillsdale, Oregon. 
Mixed Results in Pennsylvania. 
Crimson clover has not been a marked success 
the last season, neither has it been a total failure. 
The dry weather last summer and fall, followed 
by a severe winter, put it to a test that will be 
seldom equaled. Last July, we bought of a Dela¬ 
ware man, two bushels of seed. About July 20, 
we had a rain which put the ground in good con¬ 
dition. We run the cultivator through about 2)4 
acres of corn, and then sowed about eight quarts 
of seed per acre, following with a light hai'row. 
The next day or two, we had another shower, and 
the seed came up in a few days, made a good 
growth, stood the winter well, except a few spots 
where the snow blew off and it was winterkilled- 
About a week later, we sowed four acres in corn, 
giving the same treatment, but the ground had 
dried so much that the seed never came up, and 
was a total failure. Having a little seed left, we 
sowed it September 24. The ground was rather 
dry, but most of the seed came up but did not 
make much growth during the fall. A narrow 
strip along the fence where the snow did not blow 
off, stood the winter all right, but where the snow 
blew away, it was all dead this spring. I think 
that with good weather to start the plants, and a 
moderate winter, it would be a success. There is 
nothing better to loosen up the soil than Crimson 
clover. The 2)4 acres that had a fair chance, and 
did well, we turned under and planted the ground 
to berries and potatoes. I never before saw this 
ground in so fine condition. The piece sowed Sep¬ 
tember 24, was also sowed with Timothy, but the 
Timothy was not a good stand in places, so we 
plowed it, and sowed oats and peas. This is a 
piece of heavy limestone clay, and hard to work; 
but, although the clover plants were very small 
when winter came on, they made a marked differ¬ 
ence on the working of the soil. I think I got the 
worth of my money, even on this late sowing. I 
shall try it again. w. f. 
Castle Shannon, Pa. 
SOME GOOD REPORTS. 
To-day, May 8, my Crimson clover field is a mass 
of Crimson bloom. We have had, and still have, 
a bad drought; but the best of the clover is 20 to 
24 inches high. I counted 17 heads on one plant. 
Gallia County, O. at.va aoee. 
I sowed two plots of Crimson and one of Mam¬ 
moth clover—one of the plots July 19, the other 
August 1 in sowed corn. The corn was so dense 
that it killed it, except a small strip along a fence. 
It was not injured by our winter, but it is no 
larger than our Red clover. g. f. t. 
Wayne County, N. Y. 
I sowed Crimson clover among corn on the river 
bottom, July 20, 1894; on sand August 15, on clay 
deposit. The fall was so dry that it grew so little 
that when winter set in, it oould scarcely be seen— 
winter unusually cold. May 4, it is commencing 
to blossom, and is about the same size as Red 
clover that was mown last year. k. g. s. 
Athens, O. 
I cultivated in the seed in my corn, about eight 
quarts per acre about August 10, and now have 
a fine stand of clover about 15 inches high to plow 
under. I think most failures are from sowing 
(Continued on next page.) 
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