1895 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
763 
SJl’HK Niagara grape was first illustrated 
in The R. N.-Y., and it was first fruited, 
outside of the company’s grounds, on 
the R. N.-Y. farm. Our older readers, 
who know all about this, may now tell 
us whether we said too much in its 
favor. We did not (and do not) estimate 
its quality as notably better than that of 
the Concord. But it seems to have proved 
itself in many respects, and in some 
more, for a white grape what the Con¬ 
cord is for a black. Years ago, we gave 
cuttings of the Niagara to a near-by 
farmer friend. He planted one of the 
vines from these cuttings so that it 
might cover a trellis-arbor which shel¬ 
ters a part of the back of his house from 
the eastern suu. The ground all about 
is bricked and the vine would seem to 
have little of good soil or moisture. 
Nevertheless, for five years, it has cov¬ 
ered the arbor, which is about 10 feet 
high, with a horizontal extent of not 
less than 75 square feet, and has matured 
each year a large quantity of grapes, 
while many of the bunches are as large 
and perfect as any vve see in the market. 
It is not easy to explain this. The soil 
is poor. There can be no cultivation or 
loosening of the soil above the roots, be¬ 
cause it is paved with bricks. There 
can be no great supply of moisture. 
The vine was planted close to the house 
yet it thrives in perfection and gives 
abundant annual yields of perfect ber¬ 
ries and large, showy bunches. It is 
worthy of note, too, that the rose bug, 
our most destructive pest, does no harm 
to the flowers of this vine. So, too, we 
note, that the eurculio is far less destruc¬ 
tive to plums borne on trees growing 
close to buildings... 
The Poughkeepsie Eagle says—and the 
Country Gentleman copies it—that Gov. 
Morton, the past season, raised for ensi¬ 
lage 160 acres of “Rival Flint earn” “de¬ 
veloped during the past 40 years by a 
family in New Jersey.” It describes the 
ears as from 12 to 15 inches, stalks 10 to 
15 feet, yield 10 to 16 tons per acre. 
The variety alluded to is the Rural 
Thoroughbred Flint, the improvement 
of which was begun about 57 years ago 
oa a small farm—a neck of land—near 
the Rural Farm, extending out into one 
of the many bays on that portion of the 
south side of Long island. For years 
and years, it was grown there far away 
from any other varieties, and seed selec¬ 
tions were carefully made every season. 
The writer of these notes distributed 
trial packages to all of our then-sub¬ 
scribers about 15 years ago, and it has 
since been offered, in a quiet way, by 
leaxling seedsmen. The variety has never 
been conspicuously advertised because of 
this wide free distribution. It is our 
conviction now as then, that it is the 
most distinct field corn in cultivation. 
Every seed gives from three to five 
stalks, bearing wide leaves, the stalks 
growing in good soil to about eight feet 
in height and each bearing an eight- 
rowed ear which will average a foot in 
length. We have seen ears which meas¬ 
ured 16 inches in length. The kernels 
are broad, rather shallow, and of a dull 
buff color. For either ensilage or grain 
product, we know of no other variety 
that will give a greater yield. It is 
rather late in maturing. 
We make these notes hoping that they 
may interest our friends of later years. 
Our old friends are quite familiar with 
the Rural Thoroughbred Flint. 
Again the horticulturist of the Maine 
Experiment Station reports upon a test 
to find out which would give the larger 
yield of potatoes, ordiuary culture or 
the Rural Trench System. 
The two plots were plowed and har¬ 
rowed alike. One was then furrowed 
about four inches deep, and planted in 
the ordinary manner, the fertilizer ap¬ 
plied on the surface. 
On the other plot, f urrovvs eight inches 
deep were made. These were then pul¬ 
verized to a depth of 14 inches. They 
were then filled to six inches, after 
which the fertilizer was distributed in 
the trenches and covered with two 
inches of soil. The tubei’S were then 
planted in the same manner as on the 
other plot. The two plots were treated 
alike during the remainder of the sea¬ 
son. 
The whole number of tubers (Early 
Rose) from the trenches was 3,662, the 
weight of marketable potatoes being 
599.75 pounds. The whole number of 
tubers from the old furrow method was 
3,311, the weight of marketable tubers 
being 682.25. 
“Reducing the results above detailed 
to the basis of one acre, we have $5.50 as 
the increased cost of planting by the 
trench system with nothing to show for 
it — on the contrary with an sxctual 
difference of 27.5 bushels in favor of the 
ordinary method.” 
Herein, again, we have a foi’cible—and 
a seemingly unaccountable—illustration 
that a method of culture highly success¬ 
ful in many places, fails in others. 
Mb. T. Greiner conducts experiment 
grounds at La Salle, Niagara County, N. 
Y., and his experiments are carried on 
with exceeding care, so that we read 
them always with interest and gener¬ 
ally with instruction. For a long time, 
he has given special attention to new 
kinds of potatoes. In a late number of 
Farm and Fireside, he tells about Carman 
No. 1 and No. 3, about which our read¬ 
ers, no less than ourselves, will be glad 
to get trustworthy information. We 
quote : 
The editor of Tiie R. N.-Y. must have been un¬ 
usually fortunate with his potato seedlings, and 
I cannot help feeling just a trifle envious. 1 have 
been growing potato seedlings right along, and, 
indeed, grow seedlings largely for my own use; 
but I have never yet seen one among them which 
1 thought was worthy of introduction. Mr. Car¬ 
man has raised a number of worthy seedling 
varieties. His Rural New-Yorker No. 2, notwith¬ 
standing Its terrible name, and its coai-se quality 
besides, has become a standard market sort. It 
is an enormous yielder, and, therefore, a great 
favorite with growers who put quantity above 
quality. In the two newer sorts, Carman No. 1 
and No. 3, we have truly wondeiful yielders. I 
think their auality is all right, and if further 
critical comparison in this respect prove this, I 
shall be tempted to throw all my fine and petted 
seedlings overboard and grow the Carmans, and 
nothing else, for main crop. 
Mb. Gbeineb continues : 
Heavy Potato Yields.— The old Peerless is the 
only variety which I have ever seen in larger 
patches to turn out potatoes as well as Carman 
No. 1 does this year, and that was many years 
ago. Evex-y eight hills, planted three feet apart 
each wav, gave a plump bushel of tubers. Car¬ 
man No. 1 does about as well in one of our 
patches (of nearly an acre, In Ontario County). 
The White Star, side by side, does not yield half 
as much, although much more seed was used in 
planting than of Carman No. 1. Such a yield is 
simply phenomenal, and, strange to say, it is ob¬ 
tained from the same seed against which Tiie R. 
N.-Y. warned its readers, claiming that, being 
grown by the sprouting method, it would all rot. 
I suppose Tiie R. N.-Y. will now acknowledge its 
mistake. 
Carman No. 3 is also a very heavy yielder. The 
specimens are large, uniform, smooth, as hand¬ 
some as a picture. The plant Is decidedly thrifty, 
late, and (for that reason, perhaps) remarkably 
resistant to the macrosporiuin blight. In my 
patch, the vines were still green, but yielded to the 
frost of September 14. The tubers were not fully 
ripe at that time, and, but for the early frost, 
would undoubtedly have grown still larger. But 
they were large enough, and the crop, although 
grown from very little seed (single eyes), was a 
remarkably heavy one, outyieldiug all the older 
heavy croppers that were planted next to it. 
Here we have one of many trustworthy 
reports as to what the Nos. 1 and 3 will 
do in certain parts of the country. Some 
reports have come to us which show 
plainly that these supposed kiuds were 
impositions, sold to farmers by unprin¬ 
cipled or careless dealers because of the 
scanty supply and high price which the 
genuine varieties readily commanded 
and are still likely to command. 
Mr. Greiner, as we judge from a private 
letter, condemns the Rural New-Yorker 
No. 2, not only on account of its *• terri¬ 
ble name,” but its “ coarse quality,” not 
from his own experience. We need 
not apologize for its name, impressed as 
we are that those who grow potatoes 
will pardon the pride we feel in glorify¬ 
ing The R. N.-Y.’s name through the 
results of its long-continued work. 
The Rural New-Yorker No. 2 varies in 
quality from season to season in differ¬ 
ent soils more than other varieties, it 
would seem. We have not been able to 
arrive at a conclusion as to just what 
kind of a soil or season it prefers. Cer¬ 
tain it is that it is of excellent quality 
as grown one year, and of inferior qual¬ 
ity the next. It is hardly fair, vve think, 
to call it a “ coarse ” potato at any time. 
At its worst, it is not coarse as we under¬ 
stand the word as applied to potatoes. 
It simply is not mealy. Whatever the 
season and wherever grown, it always 
preserves fairly well its almost perfect 
shape, while it yields fewer unmarket¬ 
able tubers than most other kinds. 
We have already alluded to a change' 
of quality in the Nos. 1 and 3. The first 
tubers of the No. 1 we ate were the 
wldtest fleshed we ever saw, and the 
quality was perfect. The next year the 
flesh was not so white, and the quality 
not so good. Again, the first of the No. 
3 we ate were not especially whice 
fleshed, while the quality was but orui- 
nary. The next (last) season, tne flesh 
was especially white, and the quality of 
the best. 
There seems to be a good deal yet to 
learn as to what causes such changes.. . 
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