in utt r/ ii.tia 11 
Comwauitstiffiis. 
POULTRY. - IMPROVED BREEDS. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER; AN AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
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shovel plow, so as to open a farrow to carry farms nothing but a long series of years of I Gt YYYt,- ^Jfnniv 
off the water. *l -L + n ‘ unJ AfluCttUUltU MUSttMltll 
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A general calm has succeeded the excite¬ 
ment that has pervaded the country, for a year 
or two past, on the subject which heads this 
article. As it is characteristic of the Ameri¬ 
can people to go to extremes, it is possible 
that the poultry interest, intrinsically an im¬ 
portant one, may become ruinously neglected. 
The introduction and culture of the English 
Dorkings, and the importation of Asiatic 
breeds, have greatly improved the poultry of 
this country. It would furnish cause for re¬ 
gret, if the improvement thus commenced 
should be abandoned. Such a course would 
argue fickleness of character, and instability of 
purpose, at the same time that it would sacri¬ 
fice essential interests. 
But, beside stability and perseverance, there 
must also be knowledge and skill in breeding, 
to secure and perpetuate the highest benefits of 
an improved stock. It is not my purpose to 
draw invidious comparisons between the dif¬ 
ferent varieties of foreign breeds. They are, 
all of them, more valuable than our native 
fowls—larger, handsomer, and more prolific 
layers. The buff and white English Dorking; 
the buff, white and black Shanghai; the buff 
Cochin ; and the white Brahma, with shaded 
neck and black tail; and the dark silver-gray 
Brahma, are each, and all, beautiful of their 
kind. Each variety should be kept, and bred, 
distinct and separate ; and none but the most 
perfect in form and size, and the most beautiful 
in plumage, should be used to perpetuate the 
breed. Proper attention, in these respects, 
will ensure the continuance of splendid and 
perfect birds. 
It is desirable, not only to preserve the va¬ 
rious foreign varieties pure and unmixed, but 
also to perpetuate their leading features and 
characteristics—to keep each variety as dis¬ 
tinct and perfect as when first imported.— 
Speculators, destitute alike of knowledge and 
character, have already marred the beauty of 
the foreign breeds, by indiscriminate and care¬ 
less breeding. To the man of taste and correct 
notions, it is a source of pleasure to see his 
flock retain the form and plumage of the pure 
imported stock. To effect this object, the 
skillful breeder will not only be careful to keep 
the several varieties distinct and separate, but 
will associate, for the purpose of breeding, 
none but the most perfect of their kind. 
The farmer is liable to err upon the subject 
of poultry. He does not hesitate to pay the 
highest price for the best cattle, sheep, and 
horses, for the object of breeding; and the 
lrghest price for the best grains and roots for 
seed. But he cannot think of paying $5 for 
a pair of fore : gu fowls, although better than 
any native fowls this country has ever known. 
Suppose he pays $5 for a pair, and in March 
and April obtains eggs that in the mohth of 
May produce forty chickens. At Christmas 
they will weigh 6 lbs., and are worth in market 
fifty cents each. TIow will this square with 
the forty ounce chickens of the common native 
hen ? 
It is desirable to have chickens as early as 
the character of the season will render it safe 
and convenient. The longer time they have to 
grow in warm weather, the larger will they 
ultimately be. It is even now full time for the 
careful breeder to attend to this subject. 
January 12, 1855. BRAHMA. 
CORN AND WHEAT-COST COMPARED. 
Eds. Rural. — I agree with your corres¬ 
pondent, Z. A. Maize, in recommending an 
increased cultivation of Indian Corn, but beg 
leave to differ from him in regard to the com¬ 
parative cost of raising wheat and corn. For 
the last ten or twelve veal’s, I have given con¬ 
siderable attention to corn growing. 
For wheat most farmers in this vicinity 
plow twice and harrow about three times—so 
we will estimate cost as follows : 
Plowing twice, at SI per acre,.$2,00 
Harrowing three times, at 50 cts.,.1,50 
Sowing with drill, 50 cts.,.50 
Seed, lk bushels, at $1 per bush.,.1.50 
I have put wheat at $1, as that has been 
about the average price here until within a few 
years, and merely to draw a comparison. 
Now let us make an estimate for corn : 
Plowing once at $1 per acre,.$1,00 
Harrowing twice, at 50 cts,.1,00 
Seed com, 1 peck,.12 j 
$ 2 , 12 £ 
Showing a difference, in the cost of putting 
in, of $2,87^}, which will pay all the expenses 
of cultivation, and plaster for top dressing, 
and leave something for harvesting expenses. 
Seven years ago, I planted 16 acres of corn 
on land which had lain to clover two years.— 
It is my practice not to plant until the ground 
gets warm, even if it should be a little late, 
because the corn comes up immediately, and I 
then run the cultivator through 8 or 10 days 
afterward. I did so in this case—cultivated 
both ways, then hoed—at an expense of 15 
days work. Hoeing so early, it needs to be 
done but once, as I keep the cultivator going 
as frequently as necessary afterward. The 'ast 
time, I would remark, I go one way with the 
shovel plow, so as to open a furrow to carry 
off the water. 
On this 16 acres, I had sixteen hundred 
bushels of merchantable corn, besides the soft 
corn. With us the corn fodder is worth 
enough to pay for cutting up and husking, 
while the straw of wheat is worth but very little. 
Threshing wheat costs three cents a bushel ; 
shelling corn but one cent. AVheat also oc¬ 
cupies the land two years and corn but one. 
I do not recollect what the last census puts the 
average crop of wheat at iu our county, but 
just for comparison, we will say 20 bushels, 
(which I think too high ;) corn say 40 bushels, 
and my corn has averaged more than that 
since I have been in the county, which is 14 
years. This makes the product equal—but we 
have the difference in expense in favor of the 
corn, and the use of the ground for another 
year. W.m. Van Dusen. 
Albion, Orloam Co., N. Y., Jan., 1855. 
CONDENSED CORRESPONDENCE. 
TILE DRAINS-MEDITERRANEAN WHEAT. 
Messrs. Eds.—1 have read considerable in 
the Rural in regard to the necessity of under¬ 
draining our land ; but not more, 1 think, than 
tho importance of the subject demands. I have 
put in some drains,—always, however, with 
stone. They are very apt to get stopped with 
dirt, from some cause or other. No tile 1ms 
been used about here, to my knowledge. Now, 
I wish to inquire if the tile drains are effectual 
or permanent, or are they liable to fill up after 
a few years? Which kind of tile is to be pre¬ 
ferred? What size should be used on land 
where but little water sfauds in a wet time? 
Is it advisable to make the drains as short as 
possible, and what is the process or beet way 
of putting in both kinds, etc.? 
I have raised Mediterranean wheat eight or 
nine years, and have had a crop every year, 
although the fly has been very destructive for 
the last six years. I am not alone. I know 
a few men in Cayuga county who have had 
good crops all the time, while their neighbors’ 
wheat has been destroyed by the midge. This 
midge is a great evil, and the only preventive 
that I know is to have the wheat ripen early. 
To do this we must sow early, on deep-tilled, 
warm, well-drained and rich soil. By early, I 
moan before tho 1st of September—some of 
cur farmers sow the 20th of August. I have 
sowed no Soules’ wheat for three years, as I 
think it very uncertain. 1 know the general 
opinion is that it yields better, when it does 
well, than Mediterranean. When the latter 
was introduced into this county it was called 
swamp wheat, said to do well on wet or poor 
laud, and it was sown on such. The result 
was what we might expect—small crops.— 
Farmers continued (and some do yet who sow 
Soules,) to sow it on their best land, and as far 
perhaps as their manure will go; and then sow 
Mediterranean ou the rest, perhaps after other 
crops. In this way opinions have been formed, 
and, iu most cases, without any accurate prac¬ 
tical experiments to determine which is best. 
—R. Cook, Westbury, Jan., 1855. 
FARMING IN ILLINOIS.—PROGRESS. 
Eds. Rural: —Farming has been a profita¬ 
ble business here for the last two or three years, 
owing principally to the increased facilities of 
transportation afforded by the completion ot 
various railroads. We can now market all of 
our produce in Chicago in a few horn’s time, 
and at a slight expense compared to former 
years. Wheat and pork were formerly the 
only articles of produce that would pay to 
haul there; but now there is scarcely anything 
raised on a farm that will not pay well to mar¬ 
ket. Formerly, a trip to Chicago occupied 
from five to eight days, according to the going, 
oftentimes taking a man's loading to pay his 
way there and back. Spring wheat is princi¬ 
pally raised in this section, and the average 
price on the line of the railroad for the last 
three months has been $1. Laud averages from 
$10 to $30 per acre, according to location and 
improvements. We arc nearly 100 miles north 
of west from Chicago.— George J. Stebbins, 
Picatonica, Winnebago Co., III. 
YELLOW AND WHITE DAISIES. 
Messrs. Editors: —A reader of your paper 
from Cattaraugus county, wishes to know how 
to rid his land of the yellow daisy. For his 
benefit and any others “whom it may concern," 
I will give my experience. When I first com¬ 
menced farming for myself, I had to deal with 
meadows and pastures overrun with them.— 
The land had been seeded with grass many 
years, and in some places, the daisy had com¬ 
pletely run out the grass. I commenced mow¬ 
ing them at different times of the year, but all 
of no use, they increased rather than diminish¬ 
ed. At last I went at the whole grass plot, 
meadow, pasture, and all, and plowed it all 
up ; some I fallowed, and some I put into 
spring crops, but cultivated them thoroughly 
one season, and I saw nothing more of the 
“yellow boys.” 
The white daisy is not so easily got rid of. 
Around here they are seldom seen, but iu the 
Southern counties, and in the Eastern States, 
many iarms are completely overrun with them. 
I have seen fields upon a hill-side as white as if 
covered wiLli enow in winter, and on such 
farms nothing but a long series of years of 
thorough cultivation will eradicate them. ’The 
seed differs from its yellow brother, a3 it will 
lie in the ground for years, till a favarable op¬ 
portunity causes it to germinate. Farmers 
should carefully guard against the admittance 
of this pest to their fields, and when sown, 
lose no time in declaring war against it.—T. 
W. L., Greece, N. Y., Jan. 15,1855. 
“ FLOUR CORN”—A NEW VARIETY. 
Eds. Rural: —I have raised several years a 
new variety of corn, named as above, and on 
several accounts prefer it to any other. It 
grows about as large as the common eight- 
rowed variety, and yields as well. The grain 
or kernel is a3 white as chalk, and is composed 
of flour alone—not a particle of flinty sub¬ 
stance about it, and when properly ground and 
bolted, it takes a quick eye to distinguish it 
from your best “ Genesee flour.” The flour 
of this corn can be raised and baked the same 
as wheat flour, and the bread is far superior to 
common Indian bread—being entirely free from 
that disagreeable coarseness and strong flavor 
which common Indian meal always possesses. 
The stalks of the “ Flour Corn” do not grow 
very tall, but are filled with leaves and “ suck¬ 
ers,” which do not diminish the grain to any 
amount, while the increase, both in quantity 
and quality, of fodder is a matter of no small 
consequence. I hope further trial will be given 
to this variety.—D. D. T., Napoleon, Mich., 
Jan., 1855. 
DRAINING TILE.—INQUIRY. 
Eds. Rural :—I think of engaging in the 
manufacture of brick and draining tile, and 
wish to inquire as to the best kind of clay, 
when it should be dug. &c., what is the best 
and cheapest method of making brick and tile, 
how they should be burned, the best wood for 
the purpose, and when and what length it should 
be cut ? If some of your readers will en¬ 
lighten me, they will greatly oblige —R. Cat- 
tell, Ohio, Jan., 1855. 
MIXED HUSBANDRY. 
There is generally, in this country, a very 
strong and invincible prejudice against what is 
denominated mixed husbandry —or the growing 
of different kinds of vegetables and grains on 
the same piece of soil. That there are certain 
products of tho farm which ought not, and 
cannot be produce! profitably in this way, no 
one will lor a moment deny. * Yet it is equally 
true that there are a large number of valuable 
grains which do equally as well if not better 
where they are not sown together. This prac¬ 
tice, when it is adopted in the cultivation of 
the cereal grains, is called by the German far¬ 
mer Mezzlin. Oats and peas, oats and rye. 
oats and wheat, are often sowed together, a"nd 
the yield, as well as the quality, Ns thereby 
greatly improved. “ Wheat is never attacked,” 
says a writer, “ by the weevil, when sown with 
rye, in the proportions of half-and-half; and 
the pea, when sown late with oats, often, tho’ 
not always, escapes the bug.” 
Yegetables—such as beets, carrots and para- 
nips, turnips and cabbages, are likewise grown 
together,—the seed being mixed before com¬ 
mitting it to the soil, and, so far as my expe¬ 
rience extends, the practice is rarely if ever 
without success. Some of the finest parsnips, 
beets, turnips and carrots I saw last year in 
the market, were cultivated in this way. They 
were very symmetrical, large and sound. That 
a much heavier crop of these roots may iu this 
way be obtained, than from the old system of 
cropping, I have not a particle of doubt. But 
to ensure this, a somewhat more liberal allow¬ 
ance of seed will be necessary per acre, and the 
plants must be allowed to stand more closely 
in the rows. Every vegetable requires a specific 
nutriment, to a certain extent, and throws off a 
recrement which may be of great value in sup¬ 
plying a necessary principle to its neighbor.— 
All vegetable nutriment is taken up in a state 
of solution, and as every plant, of whatever 
kind, may be said to possess a lacteal system, 
the separation of the appropriate from the in¬ 
appropriate priciples of the solution, and the 
rejection and excretion of the latter from the 
system, is effected with the greatest possible 
ease. I advise the farmer, therefore, to make 
trial of this system, and observe, carefully, the 
results.— Cor. Ger. Tel. 
SUGAR BEETS FOR STOCK. 
Last summer I tried the experiment of rais¬ 
ing sugar beets, and succeeded remarkably 
well considering the dryness of the season. 
My method of planting and cultivation was 
as follows—(not presuming to say it was the 
right way :)—Last spring i plowed my ground 
not exceeding one-fourth ot an acre; then let 
it lay until the first of the 6tli month (June,) 
when 1 planted the seed. But before planting 
I covered the ground all over with barn-yard 
manure—then plowed again and subsoiled .— 
The soil was of a sandy, loamy nature. Then 
with a plow I threw the ground in ridges 
about two feet apart, and planted the seed 
Irom 6 to 8 inches dislant, and the ground be¬ 
ing very dry, the seed did not come up very 
good ; but about harvest there came up a good 
rain and they grew beyond expectation. Last 
tall when it commenced freezing we pulled, 
and hauled to the cellar not less than 75 bush¬ 
els of fine, large beets. AVe are now feeding 
two milch cows on them, and have plenty of as 
good, sweet, rich butler as ever was produced 
in mid-summer, sufficient for our family, and 
some to spare to our good neighbors.— Cor. 
O. Farmer. 
PEASANT FARMING IN GEM ANY. 
AVinter is the time for making out and 
balancing farm accounts, writing up records 
from notes of past experiments, and devising 
new or confirmatory ones for the coming season. 
N. Y. State Agricultural Society.—A t 
a recent session of the Executive Board, the 
following gentlemen were designated as Judges 
for the next AVinter Meeting of this Society— 
to he he’d at the Capitol, iu Albany, on the 
second AVednesday (14th,) of February en¬ 
suing : 
Farms —Enoch Marks, Fairmount; E. AY. 
Bushnell, Hillsdale ; L. T. Marshall, Vernon 
Centre. 
Agricultural Essays and Draining —Hon Geo. 
Geddes, Fairmount; J. J. Thomas, Macedon ; 
Hon. E. N. Pratt, Grcenbush. 
Butler aud Cheese —Hon. Moses Eames, Jeffer¬ 
son county ; Levi Shaw, Rensselaerville ; Da¬ 
vid H. Cary, Albany. 
Field Crops.—Wheat, Rye, and Oats —Joseph 
AV. Ball, Schuyler’s Lake; Jonathan Talcott, 
Rome ; J. AY. Jolley, Coeymans. 
Imdian Corn, Barley and Buckwheat —F. P. 
Root, Sweden ; L. AY. Hall, Syracuse ; Z. M. 
Saunders, Albany. 
Peas, Beans, Pot aloes, Roots, Grass Reeds, Sfc .—■ 
E. Gheseborough, Guilderland ; Henry Keeler, 
South Salem ; D. A. Bulkcly, AVilliamstown, 
Mass. * 
Grain and Seeds —John McDonald, Salem ; D. 
S. Curtis, Canaan Centre ; AVm. Bacon, Rich¬ 
mond, .Mass. 
Fat Cattle and Sheep —Thomas Bell, Mott Ha¬ 
ven; Thos. H. Rutherford, East Chester; Hugh 
Crocker, Utica. 
Dressed Meats —Robert Rome, Geneseo ; J. AY. 
Bacon, AVaterloo ; P. Crispell, Jr., Hurley. 
Winter Fruits —Herman Wendell, M. D.., Al¬ 
bany ; George Eilwanger, Rochester ; Henry 
YY. Ludlow, Jr., Yonkers; T. G. Yeomans, 
Walworth ; L. M. Ferris, Coldenham, Orange 
county. 
Arrangements for Pomological Exhibition — J. 
McD. McIntyre, Albany ; Elisha Dorr, Albany; 
William Newcomb, Pittstown. 
Arrangements for Exhibition —B. B. Kirt'and, 
Jr.; E. Corning, Jr.; B. P. Johnson. 
Steuben Co. Ag’l Society.— Winter Meek 
ing .—The annual meeting of the Steuben Co. 
Agricultural Union occurred January 10th, 
at Bath, and also the first experiment of a 
AVinter Fair, for competition in fat stock, 
field crops, Ac. Owing to the dreadful drouth 
of last summer, a slim show was anticipated 
and even less was realized. It was a decided 
failure, and under the unlavorable circumstan¬ 
ces of the season, commencing the winter ex¬ 
hibition at this time, was perhaps ill-advised,— 
but it is hoped no injurious results will follow 
to the Society, and that better success will at¬ 
tend the next effort. The meeting at the 
Court House in the afternoon for the transac¬ 
tion of business, was well attended. The old 
officers were re-elected, consisting of Hon. 
Goldsmith Denniston, Pres’t., with six A 7 ice j 
Pres'ts; Hon. I). McMaster, Cor. Sec’y; T. 
M. McKay, Rec. Sec’y; and Hon. Reuben 
Robie, Treasurer. The condition of tho finan¬ 
ces as reported were encouraging, and a pro¬ 
position was voted down to grant a few hun¬ 
dred dollars, in aid of a project of some of our 
foremost wool growers, for a National Sheep 
Show at Bath, next May.' The desire on 
their part to pit their sheep against those of 
wool growers in neighboring counties is not 
to be wondered at, and rather to be commend¬ 
ed, but the sentiment of a majority of the mem¬ 
bers present, was that the general objects of 
the Society would suffer by undertaking too 
much, aud that the Treasury did not need de¬ 
pleting just yet. w. b. r. 
Bristol Agricultural and Mechani¬ 
cal Association.—A t the fourth annual meet¬ 
ing of this Association, held on the 9th inst., 
the following officers were chosen for the ensu¬ 
ing year :—President, Horatio Sisson ; Vice 
Presidents, AVm. AV. Briggs and George 
Gooding ; Rec, Sec., B. F. Hicks ; Cor. Sec., 
James D. Adams ; Treasurer, Stephen Fran¬ 
cis ; Marshall, Elijah J ones. Voted, that 
the Association offer and award a premium on 
the best cultivated farm, at the next annual 
fair. All competitors must make their appli¬ 
cations to the Recording Secretary, on or be¬ 
fore the first day of March ensuing. 
“ The Singlearvilt.e Farmers’ Club” was 
organized at Sinclearville, Chau. Co., N. Y., 
on the 12th ult., under flattering auspices.— 
The following are its officers for the year :— 
R. D. Sherman, President; N. AV. Hender¬ 
son, Secretary; B. AV. Fields, Treasurer. 
Executive Committee—AV. A. Carpenteiq 
Barney Phelps and AVm. Reed. Its meetings 
are to be held weekly. Subject for discussion 
at next meeting — Manures. The design is to 
have a Reading Room attached. Success at¬ 
tend the efforts of our Chautauque friends. 
Prices of Produce and AVood.— Indian 
corn sells for $1 per bushel—rye $1 37— 
oats 62'V cents—barley $1—Broom corn seed 
33 to 50 cents, according to quality—potatoes 
50 to 62)4—apples from 50 to 75—eggs 20 
cents per doz.—beef $8 a hundred—pork $7 
—poultry 10 to 12 cents per cents per lb.— 
hay $12 to $13 per ton—straw $7—butter 22 
to 25 cts per lb.—cheese 12)4—flour $10 50, 
$11 50 to $12 50 per barrel—wood, hickory, 
$5—oak $4—yellow pine $2 50—-chestnut 
$2 25. —Amherst (Mass.) Express, Jan. 5,1855. 
Prices like the above from the various parts 
of the Union, would be valuable as a matter 
of future reference.—E ds. 
The proper application of Capital is ono of 
the great needs of American Agriculture. 
The morning rays of the sun broke through 
the dense fog and shot over the lulls and val¬ 
leys a tew minutes before we reached N urn- 
burg. But long before he told us of his ap¬ 
proaching glory, the peasantry were at work * - 
in their grass and rye fields. The clover was } 
thick and heavy, bending beneath its load of " 
water, collected from the tog of the night. At 
break of day the Bauer (peasant) with his 
short, ugly, (“ Butch”) scythe and its straight 
snead, was slowly and deliberately wending his 
way to the field. No life, no energy seemed to 
inspire his soul, but he moved as regularly as 
the instinctive ant to its daily toil. 
Harvest here is divested of all the spirit of 
emulation which strives in burning sun and 
with rolling drops of sweat in an American 
field to make some of the number “ give out.” 
Aud well it may be, as the humble bauer 
swings his scythe for 12)4 etc. a day aud boards 
himseif. Yet he can t here, for this much 
money, receive as good a meal as any one of 
the three given to our hands in a clay. 1 have 
seen him at noon setting upon a pile of hay, 
with a moderately large piece of black rye 
bread in one hand, while the other conveyed 
the broken off pieces to his mouth. Aud this 
dry bread he ate with as hearty a relish as ever 
did an American gormandizer the fats, and 
soups, and puddmgs, aud pies of our harvest 
tables — and this bread, not such as the rest 
of us get here, but such as ours is after it 
stands a week in the bread stores waiting pur¬ 
chasers, who do not take it. Sometimes I 
have gone into the field and talked to them, 
telling how much money a man commanded on 
an American field, and that every man received 
as much meat, Sc., as he wanted in addition to 
his wages, and that there, the honest man 
would not work without it, and he could get 
it too. 
They all had heard of America and what a 
great place it was, and they not unfrequently 
had prospects of going there. They all would 
like to go, but the want of money tied them to 
j their fatherland. — Cor. Register § Examiner . 
WHEN AG. IMPROVEMENT BEGINS. 
Agricultural improvement only begins, 
when real estate is regarded as a permanent, 
fixed, and unchangeable investment. He only 
is prepared to aid in its advancement, who re¬ 
gards his farm as his permanent home—the 
spot he has selected for the labor of his life, 
where the ardor of his youth, the energy of 
his manhood, and the wisdom of his maturer 
years are to find their attractions, their rewards 
and their honors,—elevated and strengthened 
by the resolution to transmit it to post(L'ity, as 
the true record of what he was in his day and 
in his gene; ation. “ The good men do, is oft 
interred with their bones.” In agriculture, the 
good we do lives after us. The fields we enrich 
—the land we drain—the spacious barns we 
erect—the comfortable dwellings we build—the 
oaks we plant, or preserve around it—the 
green grass we make grow—the gardens we 
enclose and adorn—all live after us, and in 
benefits and blessings perpetuate our name. 
He who does this, has inscribed his name on 
“ mother earth,” and the revolving seasons— 
the chill winter, the bright summer, the fruitful 
autumn—all come in their order to revive and 
renew the memory of that n:a:i who has left 
this record behind him,—“ Agriculture has her 
triumphs no less than war, and these are of 
them.” 
“ Nothing characterizes more strongly our 
American industry, or contributes in a greater 
degree to give it superiority over that of the 
old world, than the inventive genius that dis¬ 
plays itself in the construction and use of those 
labor-saving machines and implements with 
which it has supplied itself.” 
In no pursuit are their benefits more appa¬ 
rent than in the art of agriculture—in the ad¬ 
ditions they have made to power—the economy 
they produce in time, and the effectiveness they 
produce in human labor. “No where can 
capilal be so beneficially employed, as in aiding 
and strengthening the productive power of 
nature.” — W. B. Preston, Address before Va. 
Ag. Society. 
Good Husbandry the Highest Praise.— 
The moral force of a community of educated 
farmers would be irresistible, and salutary in 
the highest degree. The farm is the nursery of 
industry, economy, fidelity, honesty, patriotism 
and physical health and endurance, and its in¬ 
fluence would bo conservative and wholesome 
in restraining the evils of socie'y and tho cor¬ 
ruptions of government. The professions of 
arms, of law, and of medicine, are necessary 
and honorable, but ihsir necessity arises fr< m 
the evil passions and misfortunes of mankind. 
They are not, however, more necessary or hon¬ 
orable, or entitled to more general regard, 1 ban 
the profession of agriculture. AVi i’e, there¬ 
fore, I would not diny the honor of ovations, 
civic crowns, eu’ogies, s'atics and monuments, 
to those who deserve them, yet I wou’d mal e 
it the highest praise of a good man, as it was 
in Cat Us time, to say, “he understands agri¬ 
culture well, and is an excellent husbandman.” 
Good Advice.—I n commencing a new year, 
you should so arrange your system of farming, 
as never to be at a loss throughout the season 
for what next you are to do. Make if a point 
of duty not to cultivate more land than you 
can cultivate well. Let not the ambition of 
being considered a large cultivator induce you 
to overcrop yourself. One acre well plowed, 
harrowed and rolled, if well fended afterwards, 
will produce more than three where these things 
may have been omitted. The more noble am¬ 
bition for agriculturi-ts, is that which excites 
the desire not only of being considered, but of 
being in rea'ity a good culturist, of so cultiva¬ 
ting his land as that, while it yie’ds abundant 
harvests, it may be gradually improving iu its 
productive capacities.— Am. Farmer. 
Around Aylesbury the annual return for 
ducks is £40,000. One man has had 1,000 to 
2,000 ducks, aud paid £50 at a time for barley 
meal. 
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